Seite 0 11,80 7,40 5,40 0 FRMS - Experience within FTLs Implementing and maintaining a performance driven FRMS FRMS Forum MontrealCpt. Kristjof Tritschler.

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FRMS - Experience within FTLsImplementing and maintaining a performance driven FRMS

FRMS Forum Montreal Cpt. Kristjof TritschlerManager FRMS

01. September 2011 MSc Air Safety Management

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FRMS – Experience within FTLs

5 Fatigue Performance

3 Fatigue Safety Action Group FSAG

2 Fatigue Management Framework

1 Chronology

4 Multilayered Defenses

6 Conclusions

0 Germanwings

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Germanwings

Based in Germany, operation under European law (EU OPS SubpartQ) Low Cost Carrier (LCC principle: maximum aircraft & crew utilization) Schedule is compressed, short turn around times of 25min Mainly short haul, minimum flight duration 40min, maximum 4:00h Flight operations is around the clock 24/7 Aircraft and crew return to home base after each duty

Unionized from the start (Labor Agreements) Germanwings offers a bidding system to its crews It’s the first German Airline managing fatigue trough an “FRMS”.

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FRMS – Experience within FTLs

5 Fatigue Performance

3 Fatigue Safety Action Group FSAG

2 Fatigue Management Framework

1 Chronology

4 Multilayered Defenses

6 Conclusions

0 Germanwings

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Chronology: From tired flight crews to a performance driven FRMS

Oct 2002 Start of Flight Operations GermanwingsOct 2005 CRM recurrent training topic: „Fatigue & Vigilance“Aug 2006 First fatigue surveyDec 2006 Report databank analysis identified fatigue as a problemJan 2007 Proposal: „Alertness Management Program“Mar 2007 Decision by senior management to implement FRMS, Policy signedMay 2007 Initial meeting FSAGJan 2008 Official application of scientific (additional) roster rulesSep 2008 Scientific study of „Workload & Fatigue“ by DLRDec 2008 Fatigue software introduced for performance monitoringFeb 2009 First „Fatigue Management Training“ for crew schedulersMay 2010 New senior management, new FRMS policy signedMar 2011 Fatigue model-based optimizing of rostersAug 2011 First predictive performance indicators.

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FRMS – Experience within FTLs

5 Fatigue Performance

3 Fatigue Safety Action Group FSAG

2 Fatigue Management Framework

1 Chronology

4 Multilayered Defenses

6 Conclusions

0 Germanwings

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Roster Design Lifestyle &Sleep

Workload

Fatigue Management Framework

Some say, fatigue is all about sleep

Others say, it‘s the roster that makes

people tired

Is FRMS the solution to cope with increasing

demands?

Increasing cost pressure requires

less people to take more work

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Roster Design Lifestyle &Sleep

WorkloadManagementDuties

Fatigue Management Framework

Company‘s Responsibility Individual Responsibility

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Roster Design Lifestyle &Sleep

WorkloadManagementDuties

Fatigue Management Framework

We need both sides!

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FRMS – Experience within FTLs

5 Fatigue Performance

3 Fatigue Safety Action Group FSAG

2 Fatigue Management Framework

1 Chronology

4 Multilayered Defenses

6 Conclusions

0 Germanwings

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The Fatigue Safety Action Group (FSAG)

Union

OCC

Rostering

Flight OpsFleet

NetworkDevelopment

Flight Safety

FSAG

Independence, methodologies,

science, risk ass.

Airline-schedule destinationsairport slots

Resources: pilots/crewAssign schedule

to crews

Adjust schedule (and duties) to real demand

The crew on duty: actually perform the

flights

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Fatigue Safety Action Group (FSAG)

FSAG Principles:

All recommendations must be - relevant for specific operations based on scientific data consistent with company‘s business objectives

The FSAG provides recommendations only-Decissions are up to the Safety Review Board, according risk assessment and effectiveness of recommendations.

All participants of the FSAG are „non decision makers“ (!)

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FRMS – Experience within FTLs

5 Fatigue Performance

3 Fatigue Safety Action Group FSAG

2 Fatigue Management Framework

1 Chronology

4 Multilayered Defenses

6 Conclusions

0 Germanwings

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Multilayered Defenses to Control Fatigue Risk (SIRA)

Fatigue / 24h Ops F

TL

Fatigue Rules

Fatigue Model

Terminate Dut y

Bad Decission / Accident

Frequency exposure

Tired Crew

on Duty

Prevent RecoverUndesired State

Conse-quence

Unfit

to Fl y

On Job

Strategy

Prev

Strategy

Fatigue

Investigation

Fatigue

Reporting

Fatigue

Performance

Labor

Agreement

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Multilayered Defenses to Control Fatigue Risk (SIRA)

Fatigue Rules

Fatigue Model

Prevent Recover

On Job

Strategy

Prev

Strategy

Fatigue

Investigation

Fatigue

Reporting

Fatigue

Performance

Fatigue / 24h Ops F

TL

Terminate Dut y

Bad Decission / Accident

Frequency

Tired Crew

on Duty

Undesired State

Conse-quence

Unfit

to Fl y

Labor

Agreement

Measurable Improvement

Less high sev. reports

Less incidents with fatigue

SIRA: 10-9

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FRMS – Experience within FTLs

5 Fatigue Performance

3 Fatigue Safety Action Group FSAG

2 Fatigue Management Framework

1 Chronology

4 Multilayered Defenses

6 Conclusions

0 Germanwings

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If we want to manage it – we need to measure it: SPIs

Several Safety Performance Indicators (SPIs) are defined

One is explained here –

It is based on software results according scientific alghorithms

It is an example – no competition !!!

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FRMS – Experience within FTLs

5 Fatigue Performance

3 Fatigue Safety Action Group FSAG

2 Fatigue Management Framework

1 Chronology

4 Multilayered Defenses

6 Conclusions

0 Germanwings

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Conclusions after 5 years of managing fatigue through FRMS

Managing fatigue is a shared responsibility – don’t forget the other side

The FSAG is a benefit itself

Principles for FSAG are indispensable (specific, scientific, economic)

Fatigue Software beneficial for performance monitoring & assessment

The main conclusion concerning rostering in fatigue management: It is not the single duty which causes high levels of fatigue! It is the sequence of duties and how humans can adopt to it!This results in manageable rosters without loss in productivity.

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Last Slide:

Implementation of a FRMS is beneficial even within FTLs and labor agreements

We can demonstrate a reduction of fatigue risk with high(er) crew productivity at the same time

Today we consider a performance driven FRMS the best way to manage fatigue.

Thank you for your attention!

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Why introducing FRMS within existing FTLs?

Operational experience showed fatigue evidence

Fatigue risk mitigation was obviously inefficient through compliance to prescriptive FTLs and labor agreements

Maximum crew productivity not fully achieved before

No „off the shelf“ solution available to manage fatigue risk

EU-OPS Q: transfers responsibility to manage fatigue to the operator and individual crew members

ICAO Annex 6: SMS requires operators to keep all hazards at or below an acceptable level of risk.