Segmentation of urban energy-pollution using Roegenian ...biwaes.uniparthenope.it/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/05-Segment... · Segmentation of urban energy-pollution using Roegenian

Segmentationofurbanenergy-pollutionusingRoegenian partialprocesseswith

borders

Vasile DOGARUWestUniversityofTimisoara

TOC/Outlines1. Urbanenergyatmacro- andnano-levelsinEU

(andclimatechange)2. Generalframeworkfornextdecadesfor

continentaltemperateclimate3. ARoegenian modelforTimisoaraDECLIMURB4. SomeEO2Pmeasurementfor4micro- and

nano-urbanzonesforstreetsandstreetsegmentsinTimisoara

5. Discussionsandongoingresearch6. Somefindings

11/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017

1.1.Urbanenergyatmacro-EUlevels


EUenergeticprocesses- somemacro-figuresandmacro-bordersfor2005and2015

TwoIEAmacro-figuresfor2005and2015projectionforEUurbanenergy

- EUenergyconsumptioninruralareasperdwelleris1.4timesmoreasinurbanareas (manyquotationsinEUstudies- EEA,JRC,EuropeanCommissionetc)

- Wedonothavethemicro-figuresasproofforthisassumption- EUurbanenergy(projected)consumptionwillincrease inperiod2005-

2015- arealoppositeEUtrend- forhouseholds theenergyconsumptionperdwellerislessinEUurban

areascomparedtoruralareas(Dogaru,2015)- Fornon-HHinouropinionitisdifficulttosustaintheIEAfiguresTheIEAclassificationofspatialurban-areas forEUenergyprocesses isright

andthefiguresarewrong(IEA,2008)GeneralspatialframeworkforworldurbanareasThecitiesareasoccupybetween0.05-0.15surfaceoftheGlobe,with50%

population(2050- 70-80%)andsimilarforenergyandmaterialsconsumption


Thecompensated borderflowsofenergy,mainsectors, EU28,2011

Note:Thenetenergyproblemandsomegapsinfiguresaggregation


UrbanenergyatEUmacro-levels–theclassificationconfusion

EUHeatingandCoolingStrategy,February2016- ThepossibleconfusionbetweenmetropolitanregionsandurbanareasfoundinEU(JRC)studies

Results– theenergeticprocesseswithoutspatialborderandnorightaggregationforthefigures

Theprinciple“nomeasurement,noscience”(Georgescu-Roegen,1971)inforce


1.2UrbanenergyatmicrolevelinEU.ThecaseofTimisoara


AboutTimisoara- Timisoaraaccounts63%ofeconomyforTimiscounty(RegionTimis 424NUTS3forEUregionclassifications)

- RegionTimis 424– thirdplaceforthegrowthrateofGDPbetween2000-2010andfirstplaceformiddlelevelandnon-capitalforcountry(fromall1320EUNUTS3Region)

- TimisoaragainedtheEUcontestforculturalcapitalin2021

- Timisoara- 311,2thousandsinhabitantsand13,000hectaressurface


TheclimatechangeframeworkforEUurbanenergyatnano-spatiallevels

• Themissingofintegratedfiguresforenergy-oxygenproductionandpollution(EO2P)

• Themainfeaturesforwarmseason– thesteadystateprocessesforCO2pollutionandhightemperatureonstreetareas→heatingislands(HIs)phenomenon

• 12-15dayswithHIsinsummer2017inTimisoaraandarecentbigstorm(120-140km/hspeed)on10September2017

Othergeneralfiguresformicro- andprocesses(street,HHareas)• 50-250kWh/msq forHH(urban-rural)energyconsumption• 20-40msq pe inhabitantofgreenspace(grass)• Noexplicitlinkbetweenmicro- andmacro-spatialprocessforenergy

consumptionPossibleexplanations– themissingofstandardbordersformicro-processes (Territorial

ReferenceUnits,TRUinurbanarea)forenergymetrics


NewGeneralUrbanPlan(GUP)forTimisoara

NewGUP- ongoingandtobeapproved- ThevalidityofGUPisconsideredfortenyearsandlifecycleofbuildingis

50-120years?- Missingofstreetanalysis(30-40%fuelurbanconsumption)- NointegratedanalysisandforeveryTRUfortheWholeareaofTimisoara

(13,000ha)- Thefiguresfoundedforsomeurbanauditindicatorsarefordifferentyears

between2010-2015- TheReport2932/2016ofWestUniversityofTimisoaraforMinistryof

Environmentabouttherequirements forEnvironmentPermitfornewGUP;

ResultsofReport:newrequirementsforGUP- everyyearsabalancesheet forEO2Pforeverymicro-zone(TRU)- Thenewlandareasforbuilding,approvedbyDetailled /ZonalUrbanPlan

willintegratetheenvironmentindicatorsinto(macro)TRUbalancesheet


2.Generalframeworkfornextdecadesforcontinentaltemperateclimate


Heatingislandrisk(andgreenarea)ofEuropeanCities,2021-2050 ,RegionTimis NUTS3424

NoteStartingto2017theEEAestimation isclosetobeachieved;green-grasscontribution


HeatingislandriskofEuropeanCities,2071-2100RegionTimis NUTS3424


UrbanareaRotterdamaspartialRoegenianprocessforbuildinginoceanicclimate

Fortheoceanicclimatethetemperature isnotveryhigh(forenergeticprocesses)instreetareas;theaircirculationismet


3.TheRoegenian modelforTimisoara-DECLIMURB(DEcoupling resourcesandCLIMate changeforURBan areas)


SomecharacteristicsandrequirementsfornewRoegenian modelDECLIMURB

- Thebasicrequirementofinitialmodel(matrix) ofGeorgescu-Roegen (1971)wereusedtacitlyasframeworkforsatellite environmentalaccounts(SEEA2012)

- Theanalytical effortsaredispersedstartingtospatialclassification

- everyresearchestablishtheotherbordersforthepartialRoegenian processes(pRP),butnotwiththepossibility toaggregate thefiguresandjointhepRP

- thetaskforresearches- toestablishanalytical spatialbordersofprocessesaccordingtothemainclassification oftheurbanEO2Pprocesses


DECLIMBURBmodel,v01ex193/462-Themain indicatorsfornano-level(streets)

Indicator Name

Indicator 1 Decoupling GVA -DMC index, V01ex-193/462 , 2013, Timisoara/Indicator 2 Gross value added (GVA) per worker, V01ex-193/462 2013, TimisoaraIndicator 3 Material consumption per worker, lei, V01ex-193/462, 2013, Timisoara

Indicator 4 Energy consumption per worker, lei, V01-193/462, 2013, Timisoara

Indicator 5 CO2 neutral ratio for street area, V01ex-193/462, 2013, Timisoara

Indicator 6O2 emissions daily, kilograms per 100 msq street, V01ex-193/462, 2013,Timisoara


Meaningforscalevalue*specificmeaningforlowmiddlelevelofGDP(MC-12,Hungary,Romania)

Indicator Low valueindicator 1* non-adequate (-)indicator 2 non-adequate (-)indicator 3 positiveindicator 4 positiveindicator 5 non-adequate (-)indicator 6 positive


Indicator1- valuescale

low true value high true value notional value< 0 1

0 1 21.1 2 32.1 3 43.1 4 54.1 5 65.1 6 76.1 7 87.1 8 98.1 9 109.1 10 11

10.1 20 1220.1 40 1340.1 60 1460.1 100 15

200.1 200 16200.1 1000 17

>1000 1811/12/17 BIWAES,Napoli2017

IndicatorI1,modelDECLIMURB-UVTcalibration462/193v01ex/2017,externaladdition


Generalframeworkfornextdecadesforcontinentaltemperateclimate

(cont.)Theaimofresearch- ToidentifythespatialbordersforTRU/pRP forstreetareas

- IntegratedmetricsforEO2Pincontinentaltemperateclimateforfourmicro-zonesinTimisoara


Thespatialbordersforflows,fundsandagents(FFA)forpRP

- ThebordersvariantsforTRU:a.streetaslinewithnodimension(usedinsomesoftware)– historicalvalidity;b.onthemiddleofthestreet– itisdifficulttodividethevehicleflowsbetweentwoTRU;c.outsideofstreetareas(ourproposal)

- TheTRUbordersforstreetsascomponentmicro-zoneswereestablishedoutsideofstreetsareasatthelimitsofthepropertiesfound(backtoback)ontwoneighboringstreets.TheTRUisaexternaladditionofstreetsand/orstreetsegments.

- TheTRUisdivided intwoclosespatialpRP:streetareasandareasforbuildings(non-streetareas)

TheFFAinourresearchwithstylizedfacts- Themainfunds:stockofvehicles,treeinventoryonthestreetarea- Theflows:Theflowoffundsandtheflowofinput(fuel,O2etc)and

output(CO2,O2)fortherecipeforpRP- Theagents:drivers,pedestrians,departments/sectionsofCityHall


GeneralUrbanPlanmapandpartialprocessborders,Timisoara


4.SomeEO2Pmeasurementfor4micro- andnano- streetsurbanzonesinTimisoara


FiguresforgreentreesandgreengrassareaThelocationoffourmicro-zones- thecentreofTimisoaraTheexactbordersarelocatedbetweenstreetandnon-street

areas(buildingversustransportationarea)ThegeneralfiguresforpRTU forallstreetareainTimisoara:1.94millionmeterscubtreecrown(eq.leafsurface)compared

to3.79mcfortotalgreenfundsforTimisoara(excludingprivatearea, includingpublicgreenarea)

thegreen(grass) spacecontributionislow2-4%(3-4msqgrassfor1metercubetreecrown)

ForTimisoarawehavegreen(grass) space16msq./inh *310,000 inh.fornonartificialarea.=5milmsq.;Result- about10%totalinfactand2-3%forgreengrassspace

onstreet- i.e 100,000-150,000 msq,equivalent40-50,000 cubemetersfortreecrown.


EO2Pmetrics,Timisoara,Paroseni micro-zone,2013

Street name

Street segment

length, m

Street flow

Mileage, km

CO2Vehicle, kilo

C (O2) seq., kilo

Street name

Street segment

length, m

Streetflow

Mileage,km

CO2Vehicle, kilo

C (O2) seq., kilo

Drag (D)

130 5373 698 112 31 R 200 18195 3,639 586 160

D 130 11447 1,488 240 65 R 200 21588 4,318 695 190

D 200 5371 1,074 173 47 Gara 50 2506 125 20 6

D 200 11444 2,289 368 100 Gara 50 2525 126 20 6

Tit , N 840 6605 5,548 893 244 Jiul 150 979 147 24 6

Tit, N 840 7287 6,121 985 269 Jiul 150 292 44 7 2

Rep(R)

590 20281 11,966

1,926 525 Mur A 206 5,549 1,143 184 50

R 590 17558 10,359

1,668 455 Seil A 178 5,549 988 159 43


Discussions- WedividedforTimisoara theurbanprocessesbetween

streetandnon-streetareas(buildingarea)andmodeledsomeEO2Pmetrics forstreetareas

- TheofficialandpermanentTRUareestablishedonlyforthemicro-regionoutsideofurbanarea(Law350/2001)

- Thespatial bordersforTRUarenotfixedbylawforurbanareasinRomania

- Thetemporalbordersareconsideredonlyfor10years.Thebuilding lifecycleisbetween40-120years.

- ThecharacteristicsmeasuredinnewGUParenotcomparative


Streetasprocess--withintegratedcharacteristicsandunique

address/codeforspatialprocesses- Thestreethavealsothedifferentnameindifferentofficialdatabase(old,newname;differentordersofwords(StreetVasileAlecsandri,Alecsandri Vasile),withnoothercharacteristics(length,surfaceetc)

- Themainrequirementtobefulfilled:Thestreetborderswithuniqueaddress/codeandwithmultipleparameters:GIScoordinates,length,width,(high)inordertoidentifythefunds,flowsandagentsforeveryclose/adiabaticpRP


Nextandrelatedresearches- TheEUurbanmetricsforEO2Pcanbeaggregated

usingfiguresforurbannano-zones- Thechallengeforcontinentaltemperateclimate

appeartobyhighandsimilarwithEUcoastalareas- forthenextresearches- tointegratemore

characteristics fordecoupling,climate changeandsocialandeconomicprocesses,measuredusingborderflows

- Thesimilar integratedmetrics fornano- andmicro-areaswerefoundforenergyconsumptionofbuildingsbysomelargecities (London,Rotterdam)


Somefindingsformicro-processes

Wearelivingandworking inaverysmall(nano-)area;theintegratedmetricsandknowledge isimportantatthefirstinstanceatnano-levelforthereal(notimaginary)people

1. TheEO2PmetricsoffourpTRU (urbantransportationsector)revealsusthegaptoreachCO2neutralforeverypTRU forstreetareas

2. Thebordersflowswerenoticedforeverynano-process-3. TheintegratedEO2Pfiguresforallmicro-zonescansustain

thedecisionsforCityHallTimisoara4. Thedifferentiatedtaxesforstreet(pTRU)andforbuilding

areas(prTRU)appeartobeasolutionforCO2neutraltarget


Somefindingsformacro-processesandmacro-figures

1. Thevaluationofmacro-processes helpustoestablishthegeneral cooperation framework atEU-levels

2. Thejoiningofmicrointomacrourbanprocessandtheaggregationoffiguresusingauniqueclassification forurbannano-levelswilleconomize theanalyticalefforts andviabledecisions

3. Theclassifications ofnano-urban processesandtheindicatorsformaterialsenergy,waterandwaste/pollution arenecessary toknowthetwomainrequirements formacro-processes: decoupling andclimatechange

Thenecessitytoknowtheurbanareasatmicro- andnano-leveltorespondatthechallengeofclimatechangeanddecoupling


Thankyouforattention!


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