SECURITY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES.

SECURITY REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHIC OPERATIONS

IN THE UNITED STATES

U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

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OUTLINE FOR THIS PRESENTATION

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Security of nuclear materials in the U.S. before and after September 11, 2001

Issuance of increased security orders to nuclear materials licensees, and subsequent inspections

Final rulemaking to incorporate increased security orders into the regulatory framework

Overview of these additional security requirements for industrial radiography operations

THE EVENTS OF SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 CHANGED THE WAY THE UNITED STATES LOOKED AT NUCLEAR

SECURITY

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NUCLEAR SECURITY BEFORE SEPTEMBER 11, 2001

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Before 9/11, robust security rules were only in place for nuclear power plants and enrichment facilities

NUCLEAR SECURITY BEFORE SEPTEMBER 11, 2001

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Nuclear materials licensees only had to comply with basic security requirements

U.S.NRC UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION

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After 9/11, we had to change our mind set about the safety-security interface

Increasing the security of nuclear materials could promote public health and safety on a large scale

NUCLEAR SECURITY AFTER SEPTEMBER 11, 2001

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Since rule making takes time, we had to find a way to increase the security of nuclear materials in the interim

NUCLEAR SECURITY AFTER SEPTEMBER 11, 2001

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The NRC issued security orders to licensees authorized to possess nuclear materials, to include industrial radiography companies

These radiography licensees were issued the Increased Controls Order, which required them to enhance their security measures by including such elements as the ability to monitor, detect, assess, and respond to any actual or attempted theft of nuclear material

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OUTREACH TO REGULATED COMMUNITY

The NRC discussed the upcoming changes to the security rules in several ways:• Published new requirements in the

Federal Register• Held stakeholder/public meetings to

discuss these new requirements with radiographers

• Published guidance on ways to comply with new security requirements

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After these increased security orders were issued to industrial radiography licensees, the NRC would perform unannounced inspections annually

Some of these inspections were performed at the licensee’s main office, and some of the inspections were performed at temporary job sites

Some of the locations inspected were radiography trucks parked in hotel parking lots, restaurants, and actual work locations

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Questions about the issuance of security orders ?

PHYSICAL PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS FOR CATEGORY 1 AND CATEGORY 2 QUANTITIES OF

RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL

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BACKGROUND INVESTIGATIONS:ARE THEY TRUSTWORTHY?

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Workers that are granted unescorted access to nuclear material must have a background check that includes:

• Fingerprinting• Verification of true identity• Employment history verification• Education verification• Personal reference checks

PHYSICAL PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS DURING USE AND STORAGE

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• Licensees shall have the ability to monitor, detect, assess, and respond to any unauthorized access to nuclear materials

• Nuclear material shall be secured behind two physical barriers when not in use

• Information detailing the security plan must be protected from unauthorized disclosure

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PHYSICAL PROTECTION DURING TRANSPORT AND TRANSFER

Licensees transferring nuclear material to another licensee are required to verify that the license is valid, and authorizes receipt of that type of material

Licensees shipping nuclear material are required to pre-plan and coordinate the shipment with the company they are sending it to

Licensees are required to use shipping companies that have package tracking systems

IN SUMMARY The United States has taken large measures to

increase the security of nuclear materials since 9/11

Even with the increased security measures in place, NRC inspectors still occasionally find unsecured radiography cameras containing nuclear material

Questions ???

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