SECTION VII 2017

Recommended Guidelinesfor the Care of Power Boilers

SECTION VII

ASME BPVC.VI I -2017

2017 ASME Boiler andPressure Vessel CodeAn International Code

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VIIRECOMMENDED GUIDELINESFOR THE CARE OF POWERBOILERSASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committeeon Power Boilers

AN INTERNATIONAL CODE

2017 ASME Boiler &Pressure Vessel Code2017 Edition July 1, 2017

Two Park Avenue • New York, NY • 10016 USA

Date of Issuance: July 1, 2017

This international code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria forAmerican National Standards and it is an American National Standard. The Standards Committee that approvedthe code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests havehad an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and com-ment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, andthe public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any

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Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56-3934Printed in the United States of America

Adopted by the Council of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914; latest edition 2017.

The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990

Copyright © 2017 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiiForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xStatement of Policy on the Use of the Certification Mark and Code Authorization in Advertising . . . . . . . . . . xiiStatement of Policy on the Use of ASME Marking to Identify Manufactured Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiiSubmittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiiiPersonnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviOrganization of Section VII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxvSummary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxviiList of Changes in Record Number Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxxixCross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xl

Subsection 1 Watertube Drum-Type Industrial Steam Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Article 100 Fundamentals of Watertube Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1100.1 Steam Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1100.2 Watertube Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1100.3 Boiler Assembly Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2100.4 Economizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2100.5 Superheaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4100.6 Combustion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5100.7 Boiler Efficiency and Air Emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Article 101 Boiler Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6101.1 General Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6101.2 Preparing for Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8101.3 Starting Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10101.4 Online Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12101.5 Out-of-Service Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Article 102 Boiler Auxiliaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19102.1 Preparation of Auxiliaries for Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19102.2 Fuel-Burning Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19102.3 Air Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24102.4 Boiler Feed Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27102.5 Auxiliary Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29102.6 Draft Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32102.7 Dampers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Article 103 Appurtenances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34103.1 Boiler Pressure Relief Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34103.2 Pressure Relief Valves for Economizers and Auxiliaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41103.3 Transportation and Installation of Pressure Relief Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42103.4 Water Columns, Gage Classes, and Level Transmitters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42103.5 Boiler Blowdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45103.6 Pressure Gages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46103.7 Feedwater Regulator Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46103.8 Soot Blowers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47103.9 Fusible Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Article 104 Instrumentation, Controls, and Interlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48104.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48104.2 Indicators and Recorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

iii

104.3 Water-Level Indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49104.4 Controls and Interlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Article 105 Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52105.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52105.2 Inspection and Examination Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52105.3 Preparation for Inspection or Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53105.4 Examination of Internal Surfaces of Boilers and Appurtenances . . . . . . . . . 53105.5 Examination of External Surfaces of Boilers, Appurtenances, and Auxiliaries 55105.6 Care and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56105.7 Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57105.8 Pressure Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57105.9 General Listing of Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57105.10 Inspector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58105.11 POM Outage Examinations and Operational Walkdowns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Article 106 Repairs, Alterations, and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59106.1 Repairs and Alterations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59106.2 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59106.3 Boiler Maintenance Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60106.4 Maintenance Checks for Steam Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61106.5 Checklists to Assist in Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Subsection 2 Pertaining to All Steam Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Article 200 Protecting Heat Transfer Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66200.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66200.2 Internal Cleaning of Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66200.3 Laying up of Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67200.4 Deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68200.5 Internal Corrosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70200.6 Corrosion Cracking of Boiler Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74200.7 Steam Contamination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75200.8 Sampling, Testing, Controlling, and Reporting of Analyses of Water . . . . . . 77200.9 Fire-Side Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Article 201 Preventing Boiler Failures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81201.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81201.2 Overpressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81201.3 High or Low Water Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81201.4 Weakening of Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83201.5 Operation of Combustion Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86201.6 Furnace Explosions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87201.7 Furnace Implosions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Article 202 Documents, Records, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89202.1 Code Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89202.2 Referenced Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89202.3 Record Drawings and Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90202.4 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Subsection 3 Other Boiler Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Article 300 Firetube Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92300.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92300.2 Out-of-Service Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92300.3 Internal Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92300.4 External Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95300.5 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

iv

Article 301 Electric Steam Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97301.1 Types and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97301.2 Resistance-Element Electric Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97301.3 Electrode Steam Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Article 302 Utility Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109302.1 Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Subsection 4 Coal-Fired and Other Solid-Fuel-Fired Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Article 400 Stoker-Fired Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110400.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110400.2 Preparation for Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111400.3 Stoker Firing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111400.4 Shutting Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113400.5 High Water Level in Stoker-Fired Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113400.6 Boiler Tube Failure on Stoker-Fired Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Article 401 Pulverized-Coal-Fired Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114401.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114401.2 Preparation for Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114401.3 Maintaining Proper Furnace Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114401.4 Pulverized-Coal Firing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114401.5 Shutting Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118401.6 Fire in Nonoperating Pulverizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118401.7 Fire in Operating Pulverizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119401.8 Fire in Pulverized-Fuel Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120401.9 Instrumentation, Controls, and Interlocks for Pulverized-Fuel Operation . . 120401.10 Cyclone Furnaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Article 402 Ash Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121402.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121402.2 Bottom Ash — Wet Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121402.3 Bottom Ash — Dry Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122402.4 Fly Ash Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122402.5 Fire-Side Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Article 403 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124403.1 Maintenance Checks — Stokers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124403.2 Maintenance Checks — Pulverized-Coal Firing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125403.3 Maintenance Checks — Ash Removal System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Subsection 5 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

Mandatory Appendix I Standard Units for Use in Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Nonmandatory Appendix A Checklists for Maintenance Examinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Article A-100 Procedures for Care and Maintenance of Package Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . 141A-100.1 Cleaning of Parts and Strainers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141A-100.2 Care of Motors and Electrical Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141A-100.3 Drying of Parts After Water Immersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141A-100.4 Permanent or Seasonal Shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Article A-101 Maintenance Checks for Gas-, Oil-, and Solid-Fuel-Fired WatertubeBoilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Article A-102 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance for Gas-, Oil-, or Solid-Fuel-Fired Watertube Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Article A-103 Maintenance Checks for Firetube Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Article A-104 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance for Firetube Boilers . . . . . . 155

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Nonmandatory Appendix B Guidance for the Use of U.S. Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boilerand Pressure Vessel Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

B-100 Use of Units in Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156B-200 Guidelines Used to Develop SI Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156B-300 Soft Conversion Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

FIGURES100.2-1 Simple Steam Drum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2100.2-2 Steam Drum With Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2100.2-3 Steam Drum Internals — Baffle Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3100.2-4 Steam Drum Internals — Double-Row Arrangement, Cyclone Separator Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3100.4-1 Typical Economizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4101.5.4-1 Typical Valve Lineup Prior to Out of Service Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17102.2.3-1 Simplified Pilot Gas Piping Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20102.2.5.2-1 Simplified Fuel Oil Train — Single Burner With Oil Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22102.2.5.2-2 Simplified Light Fuel Oil Train — Multiple Burner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23102.3.1-1 Typical Tubular Air Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25102.3.1-2 Typical Regenerative Air Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26102.3.1-3 Details of Regenerative Air Heater, Bisector Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27102.4.2-1 Typical Centrifugal Boiler Feed Pump, Water Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28102.5-1 Typical Motor Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30102.5-2 Typical Single-Stage Turbine Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30102.5-3 Typical Turbine Drive Arrangement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31102.6.1-1 Airfoil Blade Centrifugal Fan With Inlet Vane Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32102.7-1 Typical Outlet Fan Dampers (Multilouver) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33103.1.2.9-1 Typical Direct Spring-Loaded Safety Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36103.1.2.9-2 Recommended Direct Spring-Loaded Safety Valve Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37103.1.3-1 Application of Test Gag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39103.1.3-2 Hydraulic Lift Assist Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40103.4-1 Typical Installation of a Boiler Water-Level Gage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43103.4.1-1 Gage Glass and Water Column Blowdown Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44103.4.2-1 Y‐Type Globe Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45105.4.1.2-1 Typical Forms of Fusible Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54200.4.1-1 Scale Causing Overheating and Tube Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69200.4.1-2 Deposit Effect on Boiler Tube Versus Tube Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69200.5.2-1 Oxygen Corrosion in an Economizer Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71200.5.3-1 Caustic Gouge-Type Attack on Boiler Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71200.5.4-1 Chelate Attack Caused by Excessive Feed of Chemical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72200.5.6-1 CO2 Carbonic Acid Attack on Condensate Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73200.5.6-2 Oxygen Attack on Condensate Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74200.6.6-1 H+ Damage on Boiler Tube . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76300.3.1-1 Typical Stays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93301.2-1 Typical Electric Steam Boiler With Resistance Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98301.2-2 Typical Electric Steam Boiler With Electronic Water-Level Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99301.2-3 Typical Large Industrial 300-kW Electric Steam Boiler With Resistance Elements Mounted

Horizontally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101301.3.1-1 Electrode Steam Boiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103301.3.3-1 Basic Electrode Steam Boiler With Jet Spray and Mechanical Control Shield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104301.3.3-2 Electrode Steam Boiler With Jet Spray and Variable-Speed Pump Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106400.1-1 Typical Underfeed Stoker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111400.1-2 Feeder–Distributor for Firing of Coal on a Spreader Stoker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112400.1-3 Spreader Stoker, Continuous Ash Discharge Grate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112401.2-1 Typical Bowl Mill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115401.2-2 Typical Attrition Mill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116401.2-3 Arrangement of Ball-Tube Mill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117401.4-1 Burner for Horizontal Firing of Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

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TABLES200.8.1-1 Methods for Sampling of Water and Steam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78200.8.2-1 Methods of Analysis for the Control of Water for Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78200.8.2-2 Useful Tests for the Control of Water for Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79I-100-1 Standard Units for Use in Equations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

FORMSA-101-1 Watertube Boilers — Maintenance Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144A-102-1 Watertube Boilers — Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152A-103-1 Firetube Boilers — Maintenance Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154A-104-1 Firetube Boilers — Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

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ð17Þ LIST OF SECTIONSSECTIONSI Rules for Construction of Power Boilers

II Materials• Part A — Ferrous Material Specifications• Part B — Nonferrous Material Specifications• Part C — Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals• Part D — Properties (Customary)• Part D — Properties (Metric)

III Rules for Construction of Nuclear Facility Components• Subsection NCA — General Requirements for Division 1 and Division 2• Appendices• Division 1*

– Subsection NB — Class 1 Components– Subsection NC — Class 2 Components– Subsection ND — Class 3 Components– Subsection NE — Class MC Components– Subsection NF — Supports– Subsection NG — Core Support Structures

• Division 2 — Code for Concrete Containments• Division 3 — Containment Systems for Transportation and Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-LevelRadioactive Material

• Division 5 — High Temperature Reactors

IV Rules for Construction of Heating Boilers

V Nondestructive Examination

VI Recommended Rules for the Care and Operation of Heating Boilers

VII Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers

VIII Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels• Division 1• Division 2 — Alternative Rules• Division 3 — Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels

IX Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications

X Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels

XI Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components

XII Rules for Construction and Continued Service of Transport Tanks

* The 2015 Edition of Section III was the last edition in which Section III, Division 1, Subsection NH, Class 1 Components in Elevated Tem-perature Service, was published. The requirements located within Subsection NH were moved to Section III, Division 5, Subsection HB, SubpartB for the elevated temperature construction of Class A components.

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INTERPRETATIONS

Interpretations are issued in real time in ASME’s Interpretations Database at http://go.asme.org/Interpretations. His-torical BPVC interpretations may also be found in the Database.

CODE CASES

The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code committees meet regularly to consider proposed additions and revisions to theCode and to formulate Cases to clarify the intent of existing requirements or provide, when the need is urgent, rules formaterials or constructions not covered by existing Code rules. Those Cases that have been adopted will appear in theappropriate 2017 Code Cases book: “Boilers and Pressure Vessels” or “Nuclear Components.” Supplements will be sentor made available automatically to the purchasers of the Code Cases books up to the publication of the 2019 Code.

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FOREWORD*

In 1911, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers established the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee to for-mulate standard rules for the construction of steam boilers and other pressure vessels. In 2009, the Boiler and PressureVessel Committee was superseded by the following committees:(a) Committee on Power Boilers (I)(b) Committee on Materials (II)(c) Committee on Construction of Nuclear Facility Components (III)(d) Committee on Heating Boilers (IV)(e) Committee on Nondestructive Examination (V)(f) Committee on Pressure Vessels (VIII)(g) Committee on Welding, Brazing, and Fusing (IX)(h) Committee on Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels (X)(i) Committee on Nuclear Inservice Inspection (XI)(j) Committee on Transport Tanks (XII)(k) Technical Oversight Management Committee (TOMC)Where reference is made to “the Committee” in this Foreword, each of these committees is included individually and

collectively.The Committee’s function is to establish rules of safety relating only to pressure integrity, which govern the

construction** of boilers, pressure vessels, transport tanks, and nuclear components, and the inservice inspection of nu-clear components and transport tanks. The Committee also interprets these rules when questions arise regarding theirintent. The technical consistency of the Sections of the Code and coordination of standards development activities of theCommittees is supported and guided by the Technical Oversight Management Committee. This Code does not addressother safety issues relating to the construction of boilers, pressure vessels, transport tanks, or nuclear components, orthe inservice inspection of nuclear components or transport tanks. Users of the Code should refer to the pertinent codes,standards, laws, regulations, or other relevant documents for safety issues other than those relating to pressure integ-rity. Except for Sections XI and XII, and with a few other exceptions, the rules do not, of practical necessity, reflect thelikelihood and consequences of deterioration in service related to specific service fluids or external operating environ-ments. In formulating the rules, the Committee considers the needs of users, manufacturers, and inspectors of pressurevessels. The objective of the rules is to afford reasonably certain protection of life and property, and to provide a marginfor deterioration in service to give a reasonably long, safe period of usefulness. Advancements in design and materialsand evidence of experience have been recognized.This Code contains mandatory requirements, specific prohibitions, and nonmandatory guidance for construction ac-

tivities and inservice inspection and testing activities. The Code does not address all aspects of these activities and thoseaspects that are not specifically addressed should not be considered prohibited. The Code is not a handbook and cannotreplace education, experience, and the use of engineering judgment. The phrase engineering judgment refers to technicaljudgments made by knowledgeable engineers experienced in the application of the Code. Engineering judgments mustbe consistent with Code philosophy, and such judgments must never be used to overrule mandatory requirements orspecific prohibitions of the Code.The Committee recognizes that tools and techniques used for design and analysis change as technology progresses

and expects engineers to use good judgment in the application of these tools. The designer is responsible for complyingwith Code rules and demonstrating compliance with Code equations when such equations are mandatory. The Codeneither requires nor prohibits the use of computers for the design or analysis of components constructed to the

* The information contained in this Foreword is not part of this American National Standard (ANS) and has not been processed in accordancewith ANSI's requirements for an ANS. Therefore, this Foreword may contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a con-sensus process. In addition, it does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the Code.

** Construction, as used in this Foreword, is an all-inclusive term comprising materials, design, fabrication, examination, inspection, testing,certification, and pressure relief.

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requirements of the Code. However, designers and engineers using computer programs for design or analysis are cau-tioned that they are responsible for all technical assumptions inherent in the programs they use and the application ofthese programs to their design.

The rules established by the Committee are not to be interpreted as approving, recommending, or endorsing any pro-prietary or specific design, or as limiting in any way the manufacturer’s freedom to choose any method of design or anyform of construction that conforms to the Code rules.

The Committee meets regularly to consider revisions of the rules, new rules as dictated by technological development,Code Cases, and requests for interpretations. Only the Committee has the authority to provide official interpretations ofthis Code. Requests for revisions, new rules, Code Cases, or interpretations shall be addressed to the Secretary in writingand shall give full particulars in order to receive consideration and action (see Submittal of Technical Inquiries to theBoiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees). Proposed revisions to the Code resulting from inquiries will be pre-sented to the Committee for appropriate action. The action of the Committee becomes effective only after confirmationby ballot of the Committee and approval by ASME. Proposed revisions to the Code approved by the Committee are sub-mitted to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and published at http://go.asme.org/BPVCPublicReview toinvite comments from all interested persons. After public review and final approval by ASME, revisions are published atregular intervals in Editions of the Code.

The Committee does not rule on whether a component shall or shall not be constructed to the provisions of the Code.The scope of each Section has been established to identify the components and parameters considered by the Committeein formulating the Code rules.

Questions or issues regarding compliance of a specific component with the Code rules are to be directed to the ASMECertificate Holder (Manufacturer). Inquiries concerning the interpretation of the Code are to be directed to the Commit-tee. ASME is to be notified should questions arise concerning improper use of an ASME Certification Mark.

When required by context in this Section, the singular shall be interpreted as the plural, and vice versa, and the fem-inine, masculine, or neuter gender shall be treated as such other gender as appropriate.

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STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF THE CERTIFICATIONMARK AND CODE AUTHORIZATION IN ADVERTISING

ASME has established procedures to authorize qualified organizations to perform various activities in accordancewith the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. It is the aim of the Society to provide recognitionof organizations so authorized. An organization holding authorization to perform various activities in accordance withthe requirements of the Code may state this capability in its advertising literature.Organizations that are authorized to use the Certification Mark for marking items or constructions that have been

constructed and inspected in compliance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code are issued Certificates ofAuthorization. It is the aim of the Society to maintain the standing of the Certification Mark for the benefit of the users,the enforcement jurisdictions, and the holders of the Certification Mark who comply with all requirements.Based on these objectives, the following policy has been established on the usage in advertising of facsimiles of the

Certification Mark, Certificates of Authorization, and reference to Code construction. The American Society of MechanicalEngineers does not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, or activity and there shall be no state-ments or implications that might so indicate. An organization holding the Certification Mark and/or a Certificate ofAuthorization may state in advertising literature that items, constructions, or activities “are built (produced or per-formed) or activities conducted in accordance with the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,”or “meet the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.”An ASME corporate logo shall not be usedby any organization other than ASME.The Certification Mark shall be used only for stamping and nameplates as specifically provided in the Code. However,

facsimiles may be used for the purpose of fostering the use of such construction. Such usage may be by an association ora society, or by a holder of the Certification Mark who may also use the facsimile in advertising to show that clearly spe-cified items will carry the Certification Mark. General usage is permitted only when all of a manufacturer’s items areconstructed under the rules.

STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF ASME MARKING TOIDENTIFY MANUFACTURED ITEMS

The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code provides rules for the construction of boilers, pressure vessels, and nuclearcomponents. This includes requirements for materials, design, fabrication, examination, inspection, and stamping. Itemsconstructed in accordance with all of the applicable rules of the Code are identified with the official Certification Markdescribed in the governing Section of the Code.Markings such as “ASME,” “ASME Standard,” or any other marking including “ASME” or the Certification Mark shall not

be used on any item that is not constructed in accordance with all of the applicable requirements of the Code.Items shall not be described on ASME Data Report Forms nor on similar forms referring to ASME that tend to imply

that all Code requirements have been met when, in fact, they have not been. Data Report Forms covering items not fullycomplying with ASME requirements should not refer to ASME or they should clearly identify all exceptions to the ASMErequirements.

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ð17ÞSUBMITTAL OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES TO THE BOILER ANDPRESSURE VESSEL STANDARDS COMMITTEES

1 INTRODUCTION

(a) The following information provides guidance to Code users for submitting technical inquiries to the applicableBoiler and Pressure Vessel (BPV) Standards Committee (hereinafter referred to as the Committee). See the guidelineson approval of new materials under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code in Section II, Part D for requirements forrequests that involve adding new materials to the Code. See the guidelines on approval of new welding and brazing ma-terials in Section II, Part C for requirements for requests that involve adding new welding and brazing materials (“con-sumables”) to the Code.

Technical inquiries can include requests for revisions or additions to the Code requirements, requests for Code Cases,or requests for Code Interpretations, as described below:

(1) Code Revisions. Code revisions are considered to accommodate technological developments, to address admin-istrative requirements, to incorporate Code Cases, or to clarify Code intent.

(2) Code Cases. Code Cases represent alternatives or additions to existing Code requirements. Code Cases are writ-ten as a Question and Reply, and are usually intended to be incorporated into the Code at a later date. When used, CodeCases prescribe mandatory requirements in the same sense as the text of the Code. However, users are cautioned thatnot all regulators, jurisdictions, or Owners automatically accept Code Cases. The most common applications for CodeCases are as follows:

(-a) to permit early implementation of an approved Code revision based on an urgent need(-b) to permit use of a new material for Code construction(-c) to gain experience with new materials or alternative requirements prior to incorporation directly into the

Code(3) Code Interpretations

(-a) Code Interpretations provide clarification of the meaning of existing requirements in the Code and are pre-sented in Inquiry and Reply format. Interpretations do not introduce new requirements.

(-b) If existing Code text does not fully convey the meaning that was intended, or conveys conflicting require-ments, and revision of the requirements is required to support the Interpretation, an Intent Interpretation will be issuedin parallel with a revision to the Code.

(b) Code requirements, Code Cases, and Code Interpretations established by the Committee are not to be consideredas approving, recommending, certifying, or endorsing any proprietary or specific design, or as limiting in any way thefreedom of manufacturers, constructors, or Owners to choose any method of design or any form of construction thatconforms to the Code requirements.

(c) Inquiries that do not comply with the following guidance or that do not provide sufficient information for the Com-mittee’s full understanding may result in the request being returned to the Inquirer with no action.

2 INQUIRY FORMAT

Submittals to the Committee should include the following information:(a) Purpose. Specify one of the following:(1) request for revision of present Code requirements(2) request for new or additional Code requirements(3) request for Code Case(4) request for Code Interpretation

(b) Background. The Inquirer should provide the information needed for the Committee’s understanding of the In-quiry, being sure to include reference to the applicable Code Section, Division, Edition, Addenda (if applicable), para-graphs, figures, and tables. Preferably, the Inquirer should provide a copy of, or relevant extracts from, the specificreferenced portions of the Code.

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(c) Presentations. The Inquirer may desire to attend or be asked to attend a meeting of the Committee to make a for-mal presentation or to answer questions from the Committee members with regard to the Inquiry. Attendance at a BPVStandards Committee meeting shall be at the expense of the Inquirer. The Inquirer’s attendance or lack of attendance ata meeting will not be used by the Committee as a basis for acceptance or rejection of the Inquiry by the Committee. How-ever, if the Inquirer’s request is unclear, attendance by the Inquirer or a representative may be necessary for the Com-mittee to understand the request sufficiently to be able to provide an Interpretation. If the Inquirer desires to make apresentation at a Committee meeting, the Inquirer should provide advance notice to the Committee Secretary, to ensuretime will be allotted for the presentation in the meeting agenda. The Inquirer should consider the need for additionalaudiovisual equipment that might not otherwise be provided by the Committee. With sufficient advance notice to theCommittee Secretary, such equipment may be made available.

3 CODE REVISIONS OR ADDITIONS

Requests for Code revisions or additions should include the following information:(a) Requested Revisions or Additions. For requested revisions, the Inquirer should identify those requirements of the

Code that they believe should be revised, and should submit a copy of, or relevant extracts from, the appropriate require-ments as they appear in the Code, marked up with the requested revision. For requested additions to the Code, the In-quirer should provide the recommended wording and should clearly indicate where they believe the additions should belocated in the Code requirements.(b) Statement of Need. The Inquirer should provide a brief explanation of the need for the revision or addition.(c) Background Information. The Inquirer should provide background information to support the revision or addition,

including any data or changes in technology that form the basis for the request, that will allow the Committee to ade-quately evaluate the requested revision or addition. Sketches, tables, figures, and graphs should be submitted, as appro-priate. The Inquirer should identify any pertinent portions of the Code that would be affected by the revision or additionand any portions of the Code that reference the requested revised or added paragraphs.

4 CODE CASES

Requests for Code Cases should be accompanied by a statement of need and background information similar to thatdescribed in 3(b) and 3(c), respectively, for Code revisions or additions. The urgency of the Code Case (e.g., project un-derway or imminent, new procedure) should be described. In addition, it is important that the request is in connectionwith equipment that will bear the Certification Mark, with the exception of Section XI applications. The proposed CodeCase should identify the Code Section and Division, and should be written as a Question and a Reply, in the same formatas existing Code Cases. Requests for Code Cases should also indicate the applicable Code Editions and Addenda (if ap-plicable) to which the requested Code Case applies.

5 CODE INTERPRETATIONS

(a) Requests for Code Interpretations should be accompanied by the following information:(1) Inquiry. The Inquirer should propose a condensed and precise Inquiry, omitting superfluous background infor-

mation and, when possible, composing the Inquiry in such a way that a “yes” or a “no” Reply, with brief limitations orconditions, if needed, can be provided by the Committee. The proposed question should be technically and editoriallycorrect.

(2) Reply. The Inquirer should propose a Reply that clearly and concisely answers the proposed Inquiry question.Preferably, the Reply should be “yes” or “no,” with brief limitations or conditions, if needed.

(3) Background Information. The Inquirer should provide any need or background information, such as described in3(b) and 3(c), respectively, for Code revisions or additions, that will assist the Committee in understanding the proposedInquiry and Reply.If the Inquirer believes a revision of the Code requirements would be helpful to support the Interpretation, the In-

quirer may propose such a revision for consideration by the Committee. In most cases, such a proposal is not necessary.(b) Requests for Code Interpretations should be limited to an Interpretation of a particular requirement in the Code or

in a Code Case. Except with regard to interpreting a specific Code requirement, the Committee is not permitted to con-sider consulting-type requests such as the following:

(1) a review of calculations, design drawings, welding qualifications, or descriptions of equipment or parts to de-termine compliance with Code requirements

xiv

(2) a request for assistance in performing any Code-prescribed functions relating to, but not limited to, materialselection, designs, calculations, fabrication, inspection, pressure testing, or installation

(3) a request seeking the rationale for Code requirements

6 SUBMITTALS

(a) Submittal. Requests for Code Interpretation should preferably be submitted through the online Interpretation Sub-mittal Form. The form is accessible at http://go.asme.org/InterpretationRequest. Upon submittal of the form, the In-quirer will receive an automatic e-mail confirming receipt. If the Inquirer is unable to use the online form, theInquirer may mail the request to the following address:

SecretaryASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel CommitteeTwo Park AvenueNew York, NY 10016-5990

All other Inquiries should be mailed to the Secretary of the BPV Committee at the address above. Inquiries are unlikelyto receive a response if they are not written in clear, legible English. They must also include the name of the Inquirer andthe company they represent or are employed by, if applicable, and the Inquirer’s address, telephone number, fax num-ber, and e-mail address, if available.

(b) Response. The Secretary of the appropriate Committee will provide a written response, via letter or e-mail, as ap-propriate, to the Inquirer, upon completion of the requested action by the Committee. Inquirers may track the status oftheir Interpretation Request at http://go.asme.org/Interpretations.

xv

ð17Þ PERSONNELASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees,

Subgroups, and Working GroupsJanuary 1, 2017

TECHNICAL OVERSIGHT MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE (TOMC)

T. P. Pastor, ChairS. C. Roberts, Vice ChairJ. S. Brzuszkiewicz, Staff SecretaryR. W. BarnesR. J. BasileT. L. BedeauxD. L. BergerD. A. CanonicoA. ChaudouetD. B. DeMichaelR. P. DeublerP. D. EdwardsJ. G. FeldsteinR. E. GimpleT. E. HansenG. W. Hembree

J. F. HenryR. S. Hill IIIG. G. KarcherW. M. LundyG. C. ParkM. D. RanaR. F. Reedy, Sr.B. W. RobertsF. J. Schaaf, Jr.B. F. ShelleyW. J. SperkoD. SrnicR. W. SwayneC. WithersJ. E. Batey, Contributing Member

HONORARY MEMBERS (MAIN COMMITTEE)

F. P. BartonT. M. CullenG. E. FeigelO. F. HeddenM. H. JawadA. J. Justin

W. G. KnechtJ. LeCoffT. G. McCartyG. C. MillmanR. A. MoenR. F. Reedy, Sr.

ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE

T. P. Pastor, ChairS. C. Roberts, Vice ChairJ. S. Brzuszkiewicz, Staff SecretaryR. W. BarnesT. L. BedeauxD. L. BergerG. W. Hembree

J. F. Henry

R. S. Hill III

G. C. Park

M. D. Rana

B. F. Shelley

W. J. Sperko

MARINE CONFERENCE GROUP

H. N. Patel, ChairJ. S. Brzuszkiewicz, Staff SecretaryJ. G. Hungerbuhler, Jr.

G. PallichadathN. ProkopukJ. D. Reynolds

CONFERENCE COMMITTEE

D. A. Douin — Ohio, SecretaryM. J. Adams — Ontario, CanadaJ. T. Amato — MinnesotaW. Anderson — MississippiR. D. Austin — ArizonaR. J. Brockman — MissouriJ. H. Burpee — MaineM. Byrum — AlabamaC. B. Cantrell — NebraskaS. Chapman — TennesseeD. C. Cook — CaliforniaB. J. Crawford — GeorgiaE. L. Creaser — New Brunswick,Canada

J. J. Dacanay — HawaiiC. Dautrich — North CarolinaR. Delury — Manitoba, CanadaP. L. Dodge— Nova Scotia, CanadaD. Eastman — Newfoundland andLabrador, Canada

J. J. Esch — DelawareA. G. Frazier — FloridaT. J. Granneman II — OklahomaD. R. Hannon — ArkansasE. G. Hilton — VirginiaC. Jackson — City of Detroit,Michigan

M. L. Jordan — KentuckyE. Kawa, Jr. — MassachusettsA. Khssassi — Quebec, CanadaJ. Klug — City of Milwaukee,Wisconsin

K. J. Kraft — MarylandK. S. Lane — AlaskaL. C. Leet — City of Seattle,Washington

J. LeSage, Jr. — LouisianaA. M. Lorimor — South DakotaM. Mailman — NorthwestTerritories, Canada

D. E. Mallory — New HampshireW. McGivney — City of New York,New York

S. V. Nelson — ColoradoA. K. Oda — WashingtonM. Poehlmann — Alberta, CanadaJ. F. Porcella — West VirginiaC. F. Reyes — City of Los Angeles,California

M. J. Ryan — City of Chicago,Illinois

D. Sandfoss — NevadaM. H. Sansone — New YorkA. S. Scholl — British Columbia,Canada

T. S. Seime — North DakotaC. S. Selinger — Saskatchewan,Canada

J. E. Sharier — OhioN. Smith — PennsylvaniaR. Spiker — North CarolinaD. J. Stenrose — MichiganR. J. Stimson II — KansasR. K. Sturm — UtahS. R. Townsend — Prince EdwardIsland, Canada

R. D. Troutt — TexasM. C. Vogel — IllinoisT. Waldbillig — WisconsinM. Washington — New Jersey

INTERNATIONAL INTEREST REVIEW GROUP

V. FelixY.-G. KimS. H. LeongW. LinO. F. Manafa

C. MinuT. S. G. NarayannenY.-W. ParkA. R. R. NogalesP. Williamson

xvi

COMMITTEE ON POWER BOILERS (BPV I)

D. L. Berger, ChairR. E. McLaughlin, Vice ChairU. D’Urso, Staff SecretaryJ. L. ArnoldD. A. CanonicoK. K. ColemanP. D. EdwardsJ. G. FeldsteinG. W. GalanesT. E. HansenJ. F. HenryJ. S. HunterG. B. KomoraW. L. LowryF. MassiL. MoedingerP. A. Molvie

Y. OishiE. M. OrtmanJ. T. PillowM. SlaterJ. M. TanzoshD. E. TompkinsD. E. TuttleJ. VattappillyR. V. WielgoszinskiF. ZellerY. Li, DelegateH. Michael, DelegateB. W. Roberts, ContributingMember

D. N. French, Honorary MemberT. C. McGough, Honorary MemberR. L. Williams, Honorary Member

Subgroup on Design (BPV I)

J. Vattappilly, ChairD. I. Anderson, SecretaryD. DeweesH. A. Fonzi, Jr.J. P. GlaspieG. B. Komora

P. A. MolvieL. S. TsaiM. WadkinsonC. F. Jeerings, Contributing MemberS. V. Torkildson, ContributingMember

Subgroup on Fabrication and Examination (BPV I)

J. L. Arnold, ChairP. BeckerD. L. BergerS. FincherG. W. GalanesP. F. GilstonJ. Hainsworth

T. E. HansenC. T. McDarisR. E. McLaughlinR. J. NewellY. OishiJ. T. PillowR. V. Wielgoszinski

Subgroup on General Requirements and Piping (BPV I)

E. M. Ortman, ChairD. Tompkins, Vice ChairF. Massi, SecretaryP. BeckerD. L. BergerP. D. EdwardsG. W. GalanesT. E. HansenM. LemmonsW. L. Lowry

R. E. McLaughlinB. J. MollitorJ. T. PillowD. E. TuttleM. WadkinsonR. V. WielgoszinskiC. F. Jeerings, Contributing MemberS. V. Torkildson, ContributingMember

R. Uebel, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Locomotive Boilers (BPV I)

L. Moedinger, ChairS. M. Butler, SecretaryP. BoschanJ. R. BraunR. C. Franzen, Jr.G. W. GalanesD. W. Griner

S. D. Jackson

M. A. Janssen

S. A. Lee

G. M. Ray

R. B. Stone

M. W. Westland

Subgroup on Materials (BPV I)

G. W. Galanes, ChairJ. F. Henry, Vice ChairM. Lewis, SecretaryS. H. BowesD. A. CanonicoK. K. ColemanK. L. HayesJ. S. HunterO. X. Li

F. Masuyama

D. W. Rahoi

J. M. Tanzosh

J. Vattappilly

F. Zeller

M. Gold, Contributing Member

B. W. Roberts, ContributingMember

Subgroup on Solar Boilers (BPV I)

E. M. Ortman, ChairR. E. Hearne, SecretaryH. A. Fonzi, Jr.G. W. GalanesJ. S. Hunter

P. JenningsD. J. KozaF. MassiS. V. Torkildson, ContributingMember

Germany International Working Group (BPV I)

H. Michael, ChairH. P. Schmitz, SecretaryM. BremickerP. ChavdarovB. DaumeJ. FleischfresserE. HelmholdtR. KauerS. Krebs

T. LudwigR. A. MeyersF. MiunskeP. PaluszkiewiczH. SchroederA. SpangenbergM. SykoraJ. Henrichsmeyer, ContributingMember

India International Working Group (BPV I)

U. Revisanakaran, ChairA. J. Patil, Vice ChairH. Dalal, SecretaryK. AsokkumarM. R. KalahasthiI. KalyanasundaramA. R. Patil

G. V. S. Rao

M. G. Rao

N. Satheesan

G. U. Shanker

D. Shrivastava

S. Venkataramana

Task Group on Modernization of BPVC Section I

D. I. Anderson, ChairU. D’Urso, Staff SecretaryJ. L. ArnoldD. DeweesG. W. GalanesJ. P. GlaspieT. E. HansenJ. F. Henry

R. E. McLaughlin

P. A. Molvie

E. M. Ortman

J. T. Pillow

B. W. Roberts

D. E. Tuttle

J. Vattappilly

xvii

COMMITTEE ON MATERIALS (BPV II)

J. F. Henry, ChairJ. F. Grubb, Vice ChairC. E. O’Brien, Staff SecretaryF. AbeA. AppletonJ. CameronD. A. CanonicoA. ChaudouetD. B. DenisJ. R. FouldsD. W. GandyM. H. GilkeyJ. A. HallK. M. HottleM. IshikawaO. X. LiF. MasuyamaR. K. NanstadK. E. OrieD. W. RahoiE. ShapiroM. J. SlaterR. C. SutherlinR. W. Swindeman

J. M. TanzoshR. G. YoungF. ZellerO. Oldani, DelegateH. D. Bushfield, ContributingMember

M. Gold, Contributing MemberW. Hoffelner, Contributing MemberM. Katcher, Contributing MemberM. L. Nayyar, Contributing MemberE. G. Nisbett, Contributing MemberD. T. Peters, Contributing MemberB. W. Roberts, ContributingMember

E. Thomas, Contributing MemberE. Upitis, Contributing MemberT. M. Cullen, Honorary MemberW. D. Edsall, Honorary MemberG. C. Hsu, Honorary MemberR. A. Moen, Honorary MemberC. E. Spaeder, Jr., HonoraryMember

A. W. Zeuthen, Honorary Member

Executive Committee (BPV II)

J. F. Henry, ChairC. E. O’Brien, Staff SecretaryA. AppletonA. ChaudouetJ. R. FouldsM. Gold

J. F. GrubbR. W. MikitkaB. W. RobertsM. J. SlaterR. C. SutherlinR. W. Swindeman

Subgroup on External Pressure (BPV II)

R. W. Mikitka, ChairD. L. Kurle, Vice ChairJ. A. A. Morrow, SecretaryL. F. CampbellH. ChenD. S. GriffinJ. F. GrubbS. Guzey

J. R. Harris III

M. H. Jawad

C. R. Thomas

M. Wadkinson

M. Katcher, Contributing Member

C. H. Sturgeon, ContributingMember

Subgroup on Ferrous Specifications (BPV II)

A. Appleton, ChairK. M. Hottle, Vice ChairP. Wittenbach, SecretaryH. ChenB. M. DingmanM. J. DosdourianO. ElkadimJ. D. FritzM. GoldT. GrahamJ. M. GrockiJ. F. GrubbJ. Gundlach

C. HydeD. S. JanikowskiL. J. LavezziS. G. LeeW. C. MackA. S. MelilliK. E. OrieJ. ShickE. UpitisJ. D. WilsonR. ZawieruchaE. G. Nisbett, Contributing Member

Subgroup on International Material Specifications (BPV II)

A. Chaudouet, ChairA. R. Nywening, Vice ChairT. F. Miskell, SecretaryD. A. CanonicoH. ChenA. F. GarbolevskyD. O. Henry

M. IshikawaO. X. LiW. M. LundyE. UpitisF. ZellerO. Oldani, DelegateH. Lorenz, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Nonferrous Alloys (BPV II)

R. C. Sutherlin, ChairM. H. Gilkey, Vice ChairJ. CallandD. B. DenisJ. F. GrubbT. HartmanA. HeinoM. KatcherJ. A. McMasterL. Paul

D. W. Rahoi

W. Ren

J. Robertson

E. Shapiro

M. H. Skillingberg

J. Weritz

R. Wright

S. Yem

D. T. Peters, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Physical Properties (BPV II)

J. F. Grubb, ChairD. B. Denis, Vice ChairE. Shapiro

H. D. Bushfield, ContributingMember

Subgroup on Strength, Ferrous Alloys (BPV II)

M. J. Slater, ChairS. W. Knowles, SecretaryF. AbeD. A. CanonicoA. Di RienzoJ. R. FouldsJ. A. HallJ. F. HenryK. KimuraF. MasuyamaT. Ono

M. OrtolaniD. W. RahoiM. S. SheltonR. W. SwindemanJ. M. TanzoshR. G. YoungF. ZellerM. Gold, Contributing MemberM. Nair, Contributing MemberB. W. Roberts, ContributingMember

Subgroup on Strength of Weldments (BPV II & BPV IX)

W. F. Newell, Jr., ChairS. H. BowesK. K. ColemanM. DenaultP. D. FlennerJ. R. FouldsD. W. GandyM. GhahremaniK. L. Hayes

J. F. HenryE. LieblJ. PensoD. W. RahoiB. W. RobertsW. J. SperkoJ. P. Swezy, Jr.J. M. TanzoshM. Gold, Contributing Member

Working Group on Materials Database (BPV II)

R. W. Swindeman, ChairC. E. O’Brien, Staff SecretaryF. AbeJ. R. FouldsJ. F. HenryM. J. SlaterR. C. SutherlinD. Andrei, Contributing Member

J. L. Arnold, Contributing MemberJ. Grimes, Contributing MemberW. Hoffelner, Contributing MemberT. Lazar, Contributing MemberD. T. Peters, Contributing MemberW. Ren, Contributing MemberB. W. Roberts, ContributingMember

xviii

Working Group on Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic Steels (BPV II)

J. F. Henry, ChairJ. A. Siefert, SecretaryF. AbeS. H. BowesD. A. CanonicoK. K. ColemanP. D. FlennerJ. R. FouldsG. W. GalanesM. GoldF. MasuyamaT. Melfi

W. F. Newell, Jr.M. OrtolaniJ. ParkerW. J. SperkoR. W. SwindemanJ. M. TanzoshR. H. WorthingtonR. G. YoungF. ZellerG. Cumino, Contributing MemberB. W. Roberts, ContributingMember

Working Group on Data Analysis (BPV II)

J. F. Grubb, ChairF. AbeJ. R. FouldsM. GoldJ. F. HenryM. KatcherF. Masuyama

W. Ren

M. Subanovic

M. J. Swindeman

R. W. Swindeman

B. W. Roberts, ContributingMember

China International Working Group (BPV II)

B. Shou, ChairA. T. Xu, SecretaryW. FangQ. C. FengS. HuoF. KongH. LiJ. LiS. LiZ. RongcanS. TanC. WangJ. WangQ.-J. Wang

X. WangF. YangG. YangH.-C. YangR. YeL. YinD. ZhangH. ZhangX.-H. ZhangYingkai ZhangYong ZhangQ. ZhaoS. ZhaoJ. Zou

COMMITTEE ON CONSTRUCTION OF NUCLEAR FACILITYCOMPONENTS (BPV III)

R. S. Hill III, ChairR. B. Keating, Vice ChairJ. C. Minichiello, Vice ChairA. Byk, Staff SecretaryT. M. AdamsA. AppletonR. W. BarnesW. H. BorterC. W. BrunyT. D. BurchellR. P. DeublerA. C. EberhardtR. M. JesseeR. I. JetterC. C. KimG. H. KooV. KostarevK. A. ManolyD. E. MatthewsR. P. McIntyreM. N. Mitchell

M. MorishitaD. K. MortonT. NagataR. F. Reedy, Sr.I. SaitoS. ShamC. T. SmithW. K. Sowder, Jr.W. J. SperkoJ. P. TuckerK. R. WichmanC. S. WithersY. H. Choi, DelegateT. Ius, DelegateH.-T. Wang, DelegateM. Zhou, Contributing MemberE. B. Branch, Honorary MemberG. D. Cooper, Honorary MemberD. F. Landers, Honorary MemberR. A. Moen, Honorary MemberC. J. Pieper, Honorary Member

Executive Committee (BPV III)

R. S. Hill III, ChairA. Byk, Staff SecretaryT. M. AdamsC. W. BrunyP. R. DonavinR. M. JesseeR. B. KeatingR. P. McIntyre

J. C. Minichiello

M. Morishita

D. K. Morton

J. A. Munshi

C. A. Sanna

S. Sham

W. K. Sowder, Jr.

Subcommittee on Design (BPV III)

P. R. Donavin, ChairD. E. Matthews, Vice ChairG. L. Hollinger, SecretaryT. M. AdamsR. L. BrattonC. W. BrunyR. P. DeublerR. I. JetterC. JonkerR. B. KeatingK. A. ManolyR. J. Masterson

M. N. Mitchell

W. J. O’Donnell, Sr.E. L. Pleins

S. Sham

J. P. Tucker

W. F. Weitze

K. Wright

T. Yamazaki

J. Yang

R. S. Hill III, Contributing Member

M. H. Jawad, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Component Design (SC-D) (BPV III)

T. M. Adams, ChairR. B. Keating, Vice ChairS. Pellet, SecretaryG. A. AntakiS. AsadaJ. F. BallC. BasavarajuR. P. DeublerP. HirschbergO.-S. KimR. KleinH. KobayashiK. A. ManolyR. J. MastersonD. E. MatthewsJ. C. MinichielloD. K. Morton

T. M. MustoT. NagataA. N. NguyenE. L. PleinsI. SaitoG. C. SlagisJ. R. StinsonG. Z. TokarskiJ. P. TuckerP. VockC. WilsonJ. YangC. W. Bruny, Contributing MemberA. A. Dermenjian, ContributingMember

K. R. Wichman, Honorary Member

Working Group on Core Support Structures (SG-CD) (BPV III)

J. Yang, ChairJ. F. Kielb, SecretaryL. C. HartlessD. KeckT. LiszkaiH. S. Mehta

M. NakajimaM. D. SnyderA. TsirigotisR. VollmerR. Z. ZieglerJ. T. Land, Contributing Member

Working Group on Design of Division 3 Containment Systems(SG-CD) (BPV III)

D. K. Morton, ChairD. J. AmmermanG. BjorkmanV. BrozS. HorowitzD. W. LewisJ. C. Minichiello

E. L. Pleins

C. J. Temus

X. Zhai

I. D. McInnes, Contributing Member

H. P. Shrivastava, ContributingMember

xix

Working Group on HDPE Design of Components (SG-CD) (BPV III)

T. M. Musto, ChairJ. Ossmann, SecretaryT. M. AdamsT. A. BaconM. BrandesD. BurwellS. ChoiJ. R. Hebeisen

P. KrishnaswamyK. A. ManolyM. MartinJ. C. MinichielloD. P. MunsonF. J. Schaaf, Jr.R. StakenborghsH. E. Svetlik

Working Group on Piping (SG-CD) (BPV III)

G. A. Antaki, ChairG. Z. Tokarski, SecretaryT. M. AdamsT. A. BaconC. BasavarajuJ. CatalanoF. ClaeysC. M. FaidyR. G. GiladaN. M. GrahamM. A. GrayR. J. GurdalR. W. HauptA. HiranoP. HirschbergM. KassarJ. Kawahata

R. B. KeatingV. KostarevD. LiebT. B. LittletonY. LiuJ. F. McCabeJ. C. MinichielloI.-K. NamM. S. SillsG. C. SlagisN. C. SutherlandC.-I. WuA. N. Nguyen, Contributing MemberN. J. Shah, Contributing MemberE. A. Wais, Contributing MemberE. C. Rodabaugh, HonoraryMember

Working Group on Pressure Relief (SG-CD) (BPV III)

J. F. Ball, ChairK. R. MayD. Miller

A. L. SzeglinD. G. ThibaultI. H. Tseng

Working Group on Pumps (SG-CD) (BPV III)

R. Klein, ChairD. Chowdhury, SecretaryP. W. BehnkeR. E. Cornman, Jr.X. DiM. D. EftychiouA. FraserC. GabhartR. Ghanbari

M. Higuchi

R. Ladefian

W. Lienau

K. J. Noel

R. A. Patrick

J. Sulley

R. Udo

A. G. Washburn

Working Group on Supports (SG-CD) (BPV III)

J. R. Stinson, ChairU. S. Bandyopadhyay, SecretaryK. AvrithiT. H. BakerF. J. BirchR. P. DeublerN. M. GrahamR. J. Masterson

S. Pellet

I. Saito

H. P. Srivastava

C. Stirzel

G. Z. Tokarski

P. Wiseman

C.-I. Wu

Working Group on Valves (SG-CD) (BPV III)

P. Vock, ChairS. Jones, SecretaryM. C. BuckleyR. FarrellG. A. JollyJ. KleinT. Lippucci

C. A. MizerJ. O’CallaghanH. O’BrienK. E. Reid IIJ. SulleyI. H. TsengJ. P. Tucker

Working Group on Vessels (SG-CD) (BPV III)

D. E. Matthews, ChairC. Wilson, SecretaryC. BasavarajuJ. V. Gregg, Jr.M. KassarR. B. KeatingD. KeckJ. KimO.-S. KimT. MitsuhashiM. Nair

T. J. Schriefer

M. C. Scott

P. K. Shah

J. Shupert

C. Turylo

D. Vlaicu

W. F. Weitze

T. Yamazaki

R. Z. Ziegler

A. Kalnins, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Design Methods (SC-D) (BPV III)

C. W. Bruny, ChairS. McKillop, SecretaryK. AvrithiW. CulpP. R. DonavinJ. V. Gregg, Jr.H. T. Harrison IIIK. HsuC. JonkerM. Kassar

D. Keck

M. N. Mitchell

W. J. O’Donnell, Sr.P. J. O’ReganW. D. Reinhardt

P. Smith

S. D. Snow

W. F. Weitze

K. Wright

Working Group on Design Methodology (SG-DM) (BPV III)

S. D. Snow, ChairC. F. Heberling II, SecretaryK. AvrithiC. BasavarajuD. L. CaldwellD. DeweesC. M. FaidyR. FarrellH. T. Harrison IIIP. HirschbergM. KassarR. B. KeatingJ. KimH. KobayashiT. Liszkai

J. F. McCabeS. McKillopS. RanganathW. D. ReinhardtD. H. RoartyP. K. ShahR. VollmerS. WangW. F. WeitzeJ. WenT. M. WigerK. WrightJ. YangR. D. Blevins, Contributing MemberM. R. Breach, Contributing Member

Working Group on Environmental Effects (SG-DM) (BPV III)

C. Jonker, ChairB. D. Frew, SecretaryW. CulpP. J. Dobson

J. KimJ. E. NestellM. OsterfossT. J. Schriefer

xx

Working Group on Environmental Fatigue Evaluation Methods(SG-DM) (BPV III)

K. Wright, ChairM. A. Gray, Vice ChairW. F. Weitze, SecretaryT. M. AdamsS. AsadaK. AvrithiR. C. CipollaT. M. DamianiC. M. FaidyT. D. Gilman

S. R. GosselinY. HeP. HirschbergH. S. MehtaT. MetaisJ.-S. ParkD. H. RoartyI. SaitoD. VlaicuR. Z. Ziegler

Working Group on Fatigue Strength (SG-DM) (BPV III)

P. R. Donavin, ChairM. S. Shelton, SecretaryT. M. DamianiD. DeweesC. M. FaidyS. R. GosselinR. J. GurdalC. F. Heberling IIC. E. HinnantP. HirschbergK. Hsu

S. H. Kleinsmith

S. Majumdar

S. N. Malik

S. Mohanty

D. H. Roarty

A. Tsirigotis

K. Wright

H. H. Ziada

W. J. O'Donnell, Sr., ContributingMember

Working Group on Graphite and Composites Design(SG-DM) (BPV III)

M. N. Mitchell, ChairM. W. Davies, Vice ChairT. D. Burchell, SecretaryA. AppletonS. R. CadellS.-H. ChiW. J. Geringer

S. T. GonczyM. G. JenkinsY. KatohJ. OssmannM. RoemmlerS. YuG. L. Zeng

Working Group on Probabilistic Methods in Design(SG-DM) (BPV III)

M. Golliet, ChairT. AsayamaK. AvrithiD. O. HenryR. S. Hill III

M. MorishitaP. J. O'ReganN. A. PalmI. Saito

Special Working Group on Computational Modeling for ExplicitDynamics (SG-DM) (BPV III)

G. Bjorkman, ChairD. J. Ammerman, Vice ChairV. Broz, SecretaryM. R. BreachJ. M. JordanS. KuehnerD. Molitoris

W. D. Reinhardt

P. Y.-K. Shih

S. D. Snow

C.-F. Tso

M. C. Yaksh

U. Zencker

Subgroup on Elevated Temperature Design (SC-D) (BPV III)

S. Sham, ChairT. AsayamaC. Becht IVF. W. BrustP. CarterB. F. HantzA. B. HullM. H. JawadR. I. Jetter

G. H. KooS. MajumdarJ. E. NestellW. J. O'Donnell, Sr.R. W. SwindemanD. S. Griffin, Contributing MemberW. J. Koves, Contributing MemberD. L. Marriott, ContributingMember

Working Group on Allowable Stress Criteria (SG-ETD) (BPV III)

R. W. Swindeman, ChairR. Wright, SecretaryJ. R. FouldsC. J. JohnsK. KimuraT. LeM. Li

D. MaitraS. N. MalikJ. E. NestellW. RenB. W. RobertsM. SenguptaS. Sham

Working Group on Analysis Methods (SG-ETD) (BPV III)

P. Carter, ChairM. J. Swindeman, SecretaryM. R. BreachM. E. CohenR. I. Jetter

T. KrishnamurthyT. LeS. ShamD. K. Williams

Working Group on Creep-Fatigue and Negligible Creep (SG-ETD)(BPV III)

T. Asayama, ChairF. W. BrustP. CarterR. I. JetterG. H. Koo

T. LeB.-L. LyowS. N. MalikH. QianS. Sham

Working Group on Elevated Temperature Construction (SG-ETD)(BPV III)

M. H. Jawad, ChairA. Mann, SecretaryD. I. AndersonR. G. BrownD. DeweesB. F. HantzR. I. JetterS. KrishnamurthyT. Le

M. N. Mitchell

B. J. Mollitor

C. Nadarajah

P. Prueter

M. J. Swindeman

J. P. Glaspie, Contributing Member

D. L. Marriott, ContributingMember

Working Group on High Temperature Flaw Evaluation (SG-ETD)(BPV III)

F. W. Brust, ChairN. BroomP. CarterT. LeS. N. Malik

H. QianD. L. RudlandP. J. RushD.-J. ShimS. X. Xu

xxi

Special Working Group on Inelastic Analysis Methods (SG-ETD)(BPV III)

S. Sham, ChairS. X. Xu, SecretaryR. W. BarnesJ. A. BlancoB. R. Ganta

T. HassanG. H. KooB.-L. LyowM. J. SwindemanG. L. Zeng

Subgroup on General Requirements (BPV III)

R. P. McIntyre, ChairL. M. Plante, SecretaryV. ApostolescuA. AppletonS. BellJ. R. BerryJ. DeKleineJ. V. GardinerJ. W. HighlandsE. V. ImbroK. A. KavanaghY.-S. Kim

E. C. RenaudJ. RogersD. J. RoszmanC. T. SmithW. K. Sowder, Jr.R. SpuhlG. E. SzabaturaD. M. VickeryC. S. WithersH. Michael, DelegateG. L. Hollinger, ContributingMember

Working Group on Duties and Responsibilities (SG-GR) (BPV III)

J. V. Gardiner, ChairG. L. Hollinger, SecretaryD. ArrigoS. BellJ. R. BerryP. J. CocoM. CusickJ. DeKleineN. DeSantis

Y. Diaz-Castillo

K. A. Kavanagh

J. M. Lyons

L. M. Plante

D. J. Roszman

B. S. Sandhu

E. M. Steuck

J. L. Williams

Working Group on Quality Assurance, Certification, and Stamping(SG-GR) (BPV III)

C. T. Smith, ChairC. S. Withers, SecretaryV. ApostolescuA. AppletonO. ElkadimS. M. GoodwinJ. GrimmJ. W. HighlandsY.-S. KimB. McGloneR. P. McIntyre

D. T. MeischR. B. PatelE. C. RenaudT. RezkJ. RogersW. K. Sowder, Jr.R. SpuhlJ. F. StrunkG. E. SzabaturaD. M. VickeryC. A. Spletter, Contributing Member

Special Working Group on General Requirements Consolidation(SG-GR) (BPV III)

J. V. Gardiner, ChairC. T. Smith, Vice ChairS. BellM. CusickY. Diaz-CastilloJ. GrimmJ. M. LyonsB. McGloneR. PatelE. C. RenaudT. Rezk

J. Rogers

D. J. Roszman

B. S. Sandhu

G. J. Solovey

R. Spuhl

G. E. Szabatura

J. L. Williams

C. S. Withers

S. F. Harrison, ContributingMember

Subgroup on Materials, Fabrication, and Examination (BPV III)

R. M. Jessee, ChairB. D. Frew, Vice ChairS. Hunter, SecretaryW. H. BorterT. D. BurchellG. R. CannellP. J. CocoM. W. DaviesR. H. DavisD. B. DenisG. B. GeorgievS. E. GingrichM. GollietJ. GrimmL. S. Harbison

J. Johnston, Jr.C. C. KimM. LashleyT. MelfiH. MurakamiJ. OssmannJ. E. O’SullivanM. C. ScottW. J. SperkoJ. R. StinsonJ. F. StrunkR. WrightS. YeeH. Michael, DelegateR. W. Barnes, Contributing Member

Working Group on Graphite and Composite Materials (SG-MFE)(BPV III)

T. D. Burchell, ChairM. W. Davies, Vice ChairM. N. Mitchell, SecretaryA. AppletonR. L. BrattonS. R. CadellS.-H. ChiA. CovacS. W. DomsS. F. Duffy

W. J. GeringerS. T. GonzcyM. G. JenkinsY. KatohJ. OssmannM. RoemmlerN. SalstromT. ShibataS. YuG. L. Zeng

Working Group on HDPE Materials (SG-MFE) (BPV III)

M. Golliet, ChairM. A. Martin, SecretaryW. H. BorterG. BrouetteM. C. BuckleyJ. HakiiJ. Johnston, Jr.P. Krishnaswamy

D. P. Munson

T. M. Musto

S. Patterson

S. Schuessler

R. Stakenborghs

M. Troughton

B. Hauger, Contributing Member

Joint ACI-ASME Committee on Concrete Components for NuclearService (BPV III)

J. A. Munshi, ChairJ. McLean, Vice ChairA. Byk, Staff SecretaryK. Verderber, Staff SecretaryC. J. BangL. J. ColarussoA. C. EberhardtF. FarzamP. S. GhosalB. D. HovisT. C. InmanC. JonesO. JovallN.-H. Lee

N. OrbovicC. T. SmithJ. F. StrunkT. TonyanS. WangT. J. Ahl, Contributing MemberJ. F. Artuso, Contributing MemberJ.-B. Domage, Contributing MemberJ. Gutierrez, Contributing MemberT. Kang, Contributing MemberT. Muraki, Contributing MemberB. B. Scott, Contributing MemberM. R. Senecal, ContributingMember

xxii

Working Group on Design (BPV III-2)

N.-H. Lee, ChairM. AllamS. BaeL. J. ColarussoA. C. EberhardtF. FarzamP. S. GhosalB. D. HovisT. C. InmanC. JonesO. Jovall

J. A. MunshiT. MurakiS. WangM. Diaz, Contributing MemberS. Diaz, Contributing MemberA. Istar, Contributing MemberB. R. Laskewitz, ContributingMember

B. B. Scott, Contributing MemberZ. Shang, Contributing MemberM. Sircar, Contributing Member

Working Group on Materials, Fabrication, and Examination(BPV III-2)

P. S. Ghosal, ChairT. Tonyan, Vice ChairM. AllamC. J. BangJ.-B. DomageA. C. EberhardtC. JonesT. Kang

N. LeeC. T. SmithJ. F. StrunkD. UfukJ. F. Artuso, Contributing MemberJ. Gutierrez, Contributing MemberB. B. Scott, Contributing MemberZ. Shang, Contributing Member

Special Working Group on Modernization (BPV III-2)

J. McLean, ChairN. Orbovic, Vice ChairA. AdediranO. JovallC. T. SmithM. A. Ugalde

S. Wang

S. Diaz, Contributing Member

J.-B. Domage, Contributing Member

F. Lin, Contributing Member

N. Stoeva, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Containment Systems for Spent Nuclear Fuel andHigh-Level Radioactive Material (BPV III)

D. K. Morton, ChairD. J. Ammerman, Vice ChairG. R. Cannell, SecretaryG. BjorkmanV. BrozS. HorowitzD. W. LewisE. L. PleinsR. H. SmithG. J. Solovey

C. J. TemusW. H. Borter, Contributing MemberR. S. Hill III, Contributing MemberP. E. McConnell, ContributingMember

A. B. Meichler, ContributingMember

T. Saegusa, Contributing MemberN. M. Simpson, ContributingMember

Subgroup on Fusion Energy Devices (BPV III)

W. K. Sowder, Jr., ChairD. Andrei, Staff SecretaryD. J. Roszman, SecretaryL. C. CadwalladerB. R. DoshiM. HiguchiG. HoltmeierM. KalseyK. A. KavanaghK. KimI. KimihiroS. Lee

G. LiX. LiP. MokariaT. R. MuldoonM. PortonF. J. Schaaf, Jr.P. SmithY. SongM. TrosenC. WaldonI. J. ZatzR. W. Barnes, Contributing Member

Working Group on General Requirements (BPV III-4)

D. J. Roszman, Chair W. K. Sowder, Jr.

Working Group on In-Vessel Components (BPV III-4)

M. Kalsey, Chair Y. Carin

Working Group on Magnets (BPV III-4)

S. Lee, Chair K. Kim, Vice Chair

Working Group on Materials (BPV III-4)

M. Porton, Chair P. Mummery

Working Group on Vacuum Vessels (BPV III-4)

I. Kimihiro, ChairL. C. Cadwallader

B. R. Doshi

Subgroup on High Temperature Reactors (BPV III)

M. Morishita, ChairR. I. Jetter, Vice ChairS. Sham, SecretaryN. BroomT. D. BurchellM. W. DaviesS. Downey

G. H. Koo

D. K. Morton

J. E. Nestell

G. L. Zeng

X. Li, Contributing Member

L. Shi, Contributing Member

Working Group on High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactors(BPV III-5)

J. E. Nestell, ChairM. Sengupta, SecretaryN. BroomT. D. BurchellM. W. DaviesR. S. Hill IIIE. V. ImbroR. I. JetterY. W. Kim

T. LeT. R. LupoldS. N. MalikD. L. MarriottD. K. MortonS. ShamG. L. ZengX. Li, Contributing MemberL. Shi, Contributing Member

Working Group on High Temperature Liquid-Cooled Reactors(BPV III-5)

S. Sham, ChairT. Asayama, SecretaryM. ArcaroR. W. BarnesP. CarterM. E. CohenA. B. Hull

R. I. JetterG. H. KooT. LeS. MajumdarM. MorishitaJ. E. NestellG. Wu, Contributing Member

xxiii

Argentina International Working Group (BPV III)

O. Martinez, Staff SecretaryA. AcroglianoW. AgreloG. O. AnteriM. AnticoliC. A. ArayaJ. P. BalbianiA. A. BetervideD. O. BordatoG. BourguigneM. L. CappellaA. ClausR. G. CoccoA. ColeffA. J. Dall’OstoL. M. De BarberisD. P. DelfinoD. N. Dell’ErbaF. G. DiezA. DominguezS. A. EcheverriaJ. FernándezE. P. Fresquet

M. M. GamizoA. GomezI. M. GuerreiroI. A. KnorrM. F. LiendoL. R. MiñoJ. MonteR. L. MorardA. E. PastorE. PizzichiniA. PolitiJ. L. RacamatoH. C. SanziG. J. ScianG. G. SebastianM. E. SzarkoP. N. ToranoA. TurrinO. A. VerasteguiM. D. ViglianoP. YamamotoM. Zunino

China International Working Group (BPV III)

J. Yan, ChairW. Tang, Vice ChairC. A. Sanna, Staff SecretaryY. He, SecretaryL. GuoY. JingD. KangY. LiB. LiangH. LinS. LiuW. LiuJ. MaK. MaoW. Pei

G. SunZ. SunG. TangL. TingY. TuY. WangH. WuX. WuS. XueZ. YinG. ZhangW. ZhangW. ZhaoY. ZhongZ. Zhong

Germany International Working Group (BPV III)

C. Huttner, ChairH.-R. Bath, SecretaryB. ArndtM. BauerG. DaumR. DoringL. GerstnerG. HaenleK.-H. HerterR. E. HueggenbergE. IacopettaU. JendrichD. KoelblG. Kramarz

C. KrumbW. MayingerD. MoehringD. OstermannG. RoosJ. RudolphC. A. SannaH. SchauR. TrieglaffP. VöllmeckeJ. WendtF. WilleM. WinterN. Wirtz

India International Working Group (BPV III)

B. Basu, ChairG. Mathivanan, Vice ChairC. A. Sanna, Staff SecretaryS. B. Parkash, SecretaryA. D. BagdareV. Bhasin

S. KovalaiD. KulkarniM. PonnusamyR. N. SenK. R. ShahA. Sundararajan

Korea International Working Group (BPV III)

G. H. Koo, ChairS. S. Hwang, Vice ChairO.-S. Kim, SecretaryH. S. ByunG.-S. ChoiS. ChoiJ. Y. HongN.-S. HuhJ.-K. HwangC. JangI. I. JeongH. J. KimJ. KimJ.-S. KimK. KimM.-W. KimY.-B. KimY.-S. Kim

D. KwonB. LeeD. LeeSanghoon LeeSangil LeeS.-G. LeeH. LimI.-K. NamB. NohC.-K. OhC. ParkH. ParkJ.-S. ParkT. ShinS. SongJ. S. YangO. Yoo

Special Working Group on Editing and Review (BPV III)

D. E. Matthews, ChairR. L. BrattonR. P. DeublerA. C. EberhardtJ. C. Minichiello

D. K. MortonL. M. PlanteR. F. Reedy, Sr.C. Wilson

Special Working Group on HDPE Stakeholders (BPV III)

D. Burwell, ChairS. Patterson, SecretaryT. M. AdamsM. BrandesS. BruceS. ChoiC. M. FaidyM. GollietJ. GrimesR. M. JesseeJ. Johnston, Jr.

D. Keller

M. Lashley

K. A. Manoly

D. P. Munson

T. M. Musto

J. E. O’SullivanV. Rohatgi

F. J. Schaaf, Jr.

R. Stakenborghs

M. Troughton

Special Working Group on Honors and Awards (BPV III)

R. M. Jessee, ChairA. AppletonR. W. Barnes

D. E. MatthewsJ. C. Minichiello

xxiv

Special Working Group on Industry Experience for New Plants(BPV III & BPV XI)

J. T. Lindberg, ChairE. L. Pleins, ChairJ. Ossmann, SecretaryT. L. ChanH. L. GustinP. J. HennesseyD. O. HenryJ. HoncharikE. V. ImbroC. G. Kim

O.-S. Kim

Y.-S. Kim

K. Matsunaga

D. E. Matthews

R. E. McLaughlin

D. W. Sandusky

T. Tsuruta

R. M. Wilson

S. M. Yee

Special Working Group on International Meetings (BPV III)

C. T. Smith, ChairA. Byk, Staff SecretaryT. D. BurchellS. W. CameronR. L. Crane

R. S. Hill IIIM. N. MitchellR. F. Reedy, Sr.C. A. Sanna

Special Working Group on New Plant Construction Issues (BPV III)

E. L. Pleins, ChairM. C. Scott, SecretaryA. BykA. CardilloP. J. CocoJ. HoncharikE. V. ImbroO.-S Kim

M. Kris

J. C. Minichiello

D. W. Sandusky

R. R. Stevenson

R. Troficanto

M. L. Wilson

J. Yan

Special Working Group on Regulatory Interface (BPV III)

E. V. Imbro, ChairP. Malouines, SecretaryS. BellA. CardilloP. J. CocoJ. GrimmJ. Honcharik

K. Matsunaga

D. E. Matthews

B. McGlone

A. T. Roberts III

R. R. Stevenson

M. L. Wilson

COMMITTEE ON HEATING BOILERS (BPV IV)

J. A. Hall, ChairT. L. Bedeaux, Vice ChairG. Moino, Staff SecretaryB. CalderonJ. CallandJ. P. ChicoineJ. M. DownsB. J. IskeJ. KlugP. A. Molvie

G. ScribnerR. D. TrouttM. WadkinsonR. V. WielgoszinskiH. Michael, DelegateD. Picart, DelegateA. Heino, Contributing MemberS. V. Voorhees, ContributingMember

J. L. Kleiss, Alternate

Subgroup on Care and Operation of Heating Boilers (BPV IV)

M. Wadkinson, ChairT. L. BedeauxJ. CallandJ. M. Downs

J. A. HallP. A. MolvieC. Lasarte, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Cast Boilers (BPV IV)

J. P. Chicoine, ChairT. L. Bedeaux, Vice ChairJ. M. Downs

J. A. HallJ. L. Kleiss

Subgroup on Materials (BPV IV)

M. Wadkinson, ChairJ. CallandJ. M. Downs

J. A. HallA. HeinoB. J. Iske

Subgroup on Water Heaters (BPV IV)

J. Calland, ChairL. BadziagowskiJ. P. ChicoineC. DinicB. J. Iske

R. E. OlsonM. A. TaylorT. E. TrantR. D. Troutt

Subgroup on Welded Boilers (BPV IV)

P. A. Molvie, ChairL. BadziagowskiT. L. BedeauxB. CalderonJ. CallandC. Dinic

J. L. KleissR. E. OlsonG. ScribnerR. D. TrouttM. WadkinsonR. V. Wielgoszinski

COMMITTEE ON NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION (BPV V)

G. W. Hembree, ChairF. B. Kovacs, Vice ChairJ. S. Brzuszkiewicz, Staff SecretaryS. J. AkrinJ. E. BateyP. L. BrownM. A. BurnsB. CaccamiseC. EmslanderN. Y. FaranssoN. A. FinneyA. F. GarbolevskyJ. F. HalleyJ. W. HoufS. A. Johnson

R. W. KruzicC. MayA. B. NagelT. L. PlasekF. J. SattlerP. B. ShawG. M. Gatti, DelegateX. Guiping, DelegateA. S. Birks, Contributing MemberJ. Bennett, AlternateH. C. Graber, Honorary MemberO. F. Hedden, Honorary MemberJ. R. MacKay, Honorary MemberT. G. McCarty, Honorary Member

Executive Committee (BPV V)

F. B. Kovacs, ChairG. W. Hembree, Vice ChairJ. S. Brzuszkiewicz, Staff SecretaryJ. E. BateyB. Caccamise

N. Y. FaranssoN. A. FinneyS. A. JohnsonA. B. Nagel

Subgroup on General Requirements/Personnel Qualifications andInquiries (BPV V)

C. Emslander, ChairJ. W. Houf, Vice ChairS. J. AkrinJ. E. BateyN. CarterN. Y. FaranssoN. A. FinneyG. W. Hembree

S. A. Johnson

F. B. Kovacs

D. I. Morris

A. B. Nagel

A. S. Birks, Contributing Member

J. P. Swezy, Jr., ContributingMember

xxv

Special Working Group on NDE Resource Support (SG-GR/PQ & I)(BPV V)

N. A. Finney, ChairD. AdkinsJ. AndersonD. BajulaJ. BennettC. T. BrownT. ClausingJ. L. GarnerK. Hayes

R. KelsoC. MagruderJ. W. Mefford, Jr.K. PageD. TompkinsD. Van AllenT. VidimosR. WardM. Wolf

Subgroup on Surface Examination Methods (BPV V)

S. A. Johnson, ChairJ. Halley, Vice ChairS. J. AkrinJ. E. BateyP. L. BrownB. CaccamiseN. CarterN. Y. FaranssoN. FarenbaughN. A. Finney

G. W. HembreeR. W. KruzicB. D. LaiteC. MayL. E. MullinsA. B. NagelF. J. SattlerP. B. ShawG. M. Gatti, DelegateA. S. Birks, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Volumetric Methods (BPV V)

A. B. Nagel, ChairN. A. Finney, Vice ChairS. J. AkrinJ. E. BateyP. L. BrownB. CaccamiseJ. M. DavisN. Y. FaranssoA. F. GarbolevskyJ. F. HalleyR. W. Hardy

G. W. Hembree

S. A. Johnson

F. B. Kovacs

R. W. Kruzic

C. May

L. E. Mullins

T. L. Plasek

F. J. Sattler

C. Vorwald

G. M. Gatti, Delegate

Working Group on Acoustic Emissions (SG-VM) (BPV V)

N. Y. Faransso, ChairJ. E. Batey, Vice Chair

S. R. DoctorR. K. Miller

Working Group on Radiography (SG-VM) (BPV V)

B. Caccamise, ChairF. B. Kovacs, Vice ChairS. J. AkrinJ. E. BateyP. L. BrownC. EmslanderN. Y. FaranssoA. F. GarbolevskyR. W. Hardy

G. W. HembreeS. A. JohnsonR. W. KruzicB. D. LaiteC. MayR. J. MillsA. B. NagelT. L. PlasekB. White

Working Group on Ultrasonics (SG-VM) (BPV V)

N. A. Finney, ChairJ. F. Halley, Vice ChairB. CaccamiseJ. M. DavisC. EmslanderN. Y. FaranssoP. T. HayesS. A. Johnson

R. W. Kruzic

B. D. Laite

C. May

L. E. Mullins

A. B. Nagel

F. J. Sattler

C. Vorwald

Working Group on GuidedWave Ultrasonic Testing (SG-VM) (BPV V)

N. Y. Faransso, ChairJ. E. Batey, Vice ChairD. AlleyneN. AmirJ. F. Halley

S. A. JohnsonG. M. LightP. MudgeM. J. QuarryJ. Vanvelsor

Italy International Working Group (BPV V)

P. L. Dinelli, ChairA. Veroni, SecretaryR. BertolottiF. BrescianiG. CamposN. CaputoM. ColomboF. FerrareseE. Ferrari

M. A. Grimoldi

G. Luoni

O. Oldani

P. Pedersoli

A. Tintori

M. Zambon

G. Gobbi, Contributing Member

G. Pontiggia, Contributing Member

COMMITTEE ON PRESSURE VESSELS (BPV VIII)

R. J. Basile, ChairS. C. Roberts, Vice ChairE. Lawson, Staff SecretaryS. J. Rossi, Staff SecretaryG. Aurioles, Sr.J. CameronA. ChaudouetD. B. DeMichaelJ. P. GlaspieJ. F. GrubbL. E. Hayden, Jr.G. G. KarcherD. L. KurleK. T. LauM. D. LowerR. MahadeenR. W. MikitkaU. R. MillerB. R. MorelockT. P. PastorD. T. PetersM. J. PischkeM. D. Rana

G. B. Rawls, Jr.F. L. RichterC. D. RoderyE. SoltowJ. C. SowinskiD. B. StewartD. A. SwansonJ. P. Swezy, Jr.S. TeradaE. UpitisR. Duan, DelegateP. A. McGowan, DelegateH. Michael, DelegateK. Oyamada, DelegateM. E. Papponetti, DelegateX. Tang, DelegateM. Gold, Contributing MemberW. S. Jacobs, Contributing MemberK. Mokhtarian, ContributingMember

C. C. Neely, Contributing MemberK. K. Tam, Honorary Member

Subgroup on Design (BPV VIII)

D. A. Swanson, ChairJ. C. Sowinski, Vice ChairM. Faulkner, SecretaryG. Aurioles, Sr.S. R. BabkaO. A. BarskyR. J. BasileM. R. BreachF. L. BrownD. ChandiramaniB. F. HantzC. E. HinnantC. S. HinsonM. H. JawadD. L. KurleM. D. LowerR. W. MikitkaU. R. MillerT. P. Pastor

M. D. RanaG. B. Rawls, Jr.S. C. RobertsC. D. RoderyT. G. SeippD. SrnicS. TeradaJ. VattappillyR. A. WhippleK. XuK. Oyamada, DelegateM. E. Papponetti, DelegateW. S. Jacobs, Contributing MemberP. K. Lam, Contributing MemberK. Mokhtarian, ContributingMember

S. C. Shah, Contributing MemberK. K. Tam, Contributing Member

xxvi

Working Group on Design-By-Analysis (BPV VIII)

B. F. Hantz, ChairT. W. Norton, SecretaryR. G. BrownD. DeweesR. D. DixonZ. GuC. F. Heberling IIC. E. HinnantR. JainM. H. Jawad

S. KrishnamurthyA. MannG. A. MillerC. NadarajahP. PrueterM. D. RanaT. G. SeippM. A. ShahS. TeradaD. Arnett, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Fabrication and Examination (BPV VIII)

J. P. Swezy, Jr., ChairD. I. Morris, Vice ChairE. A. Whittle, Vice ChairB. R. Morelock, SecretaryN. CarterS. FlynnS. HeaterO. MuletM. J. PischkeM. J. RiceC. D. Rodery

B. F. Shelley

P. L. Sturgill

E. Upitis

K. Oyamada, Delegate

W. J. Bees, Contributing Member

L. F. Campbell, ContributingMember

W. S. Jacobs, Contributing Member

J. Lee, Contributing Member

R. Uebel, Contributing Member

Subgroup on General Requirements (BPV VIII)

M. D. Lower, ChairJ. P. Glaspie, Vice ChairF. L. Richter, SecretaryR. J. BasileD. T. DavisD. B. DeMichaelM. FaulknerF. HamtakL. E. Hayden, Jr.

K. T. LauT. P. PastorS. C. RobertsJ. C. SowinskiP. SperanzaD. B. StewartD. A. SwansonR. UebelC. C. Neely, Contributing Member

Task Group on Subsea Applications (BPV VIII)

R. Cordes, ChairL. P. AntalffyR. C. BielP. BunchJ. EllensS. HarbertX. KaculiK. Karpanan

F. Kirkemo

C. Lan

N. McKie

S. K. Parimi

M. Sarzynski

Y. Wada

D. T. Peters, Contributing Member

Task Group on UG-20(f) (BPV VIII)

S. Krishnamurthy, ChairT. AndersonK. BagnoliR. P. DeublerB. F. Hantz

B. R. MacejkoJ. PensoM. PragerM. D. Rana

Task Group on U-2(g) (BPV VIII)

G. Aurioles, Sr.S. R. BabkaR. J. BasileD. K. ChandiramaniR. MahadeenU. R. MillerT. W. NortonT. P. Pastor

R. F. Reedy, Sr.S. C. RobertsM. A. ShahD. SrnicD. A. SwansonJ. P. Swezy, Jr.R. UebelK. K. Tam, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Heat Transfer Equipment (BPV VIII)

G. Aurioles, Sr., ChairS. R. Babka, Vice ChairP. Matkovics, SecretaryD. AngstadtM. BahadoriJ. H. BarbeeO. A. BarskyL. BowerA. ChaudouetM. D. ClarkS. JeyakumarG. G. KarcherD. L. KurleR. MahadeenS. Mayeux

U. R. MillerD. SrnicA. M. VoytkoR. P. WibergI. G. Campbell, ContributingMember

I. Garcia, Contributing MemberJ. Mauritz, Contributing MemberT. W. Norton, Contributing MemberF. Osweiller, Contributing MemberJ. Pasek, Contributing MemberR. Tiwari, Contributing MemberS. Yokell, Contributing MemberS. M. Caldwell, Honorary Member

Task Group on Plate Heat Exchangers (BPV VIII)

P. Matkovics, ChairS. R. BabkaK. DevlinS. FlynnJ. F. GrubbF. Hamtak

R. MahadeenD. I. MorrisM. J. PischkeC. M. RomeroE. SoltowD. Srnic

Subgroup on High Pressure Vessels (BPV VIII)

D. T. Peters, ChairG. M. Mital, Vice ChairA. P. Maslowski, Staff SecretaryL. P. AntalffyR. C. BielP. N. ChakuR. CordesR. D. DixonL. FridlundR. T. HallmanA. H. HonzaJ. A. KappJ. KeltjensA. K. KhareN. McKieS. C. MordreG. T. Nelson

E. A. RodriguezE. D. RollK. C. Simpson, Jr.J. R. SimsD. L. StangF. W. TatarS. TeradaJ. L. TraudR. WinkK.-J. YoungR. M. Hoshman, ContributingMember

D. J. Burns, Honorary MemberD. M. Fryer, Honorary MemberG. J. Mraz, Honorary MemberE. H. Perez, Honorary Member

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Subgroup on Materials (BPV VIII)

J. Cameron, ChairP. G. Wittenbach, Vice ChairK. Xu, SecretaryA. Di RienzoJ. D. FritzJ. F. GrubbM. KowalczykW. M. LundyJ. Penso

D. W. RahoiR. C. SutherlinE. UpitisG. S. Dixit, Contributing MemberM. Gold, Contributing MemberM. Katcher, Contributing MemberJ. A. McMaster, ContributingMember

E. G. Nisbett, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Toughness (BPV II & BPV VIII)

D. L. Kurle, ChairK. Xu, Vice ChairN. CarterW. S. JacobsK. E. OrieM. D. RanaF. L. RichterK. SubramanianD. A. Swanson

J. P. Swezy, Jr.

S. Terada

E. Upitis

J. Vattappilly

K. Oyamada, Delegate

K. Mokhtarian, ContributingMember

C. C. Neely, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Graphite Pressure Equipment (BPV VIII)

A. Viet, ChairG. C. BechererF. L. Brown

C. W. CaryE. SoltowA. A. Stupica

China International Working Group (BPV VIII)

X. Chen, ChairB. Shou, Vice ChairZ. Fan, SecretaryY. ChenZ. ChenJ. CuiR. DuanW. GuoB. HanJ. HuQ. HuH. Hui

D. LuoY. LuoC. MiaoX. QianB. WangF. XuF. XuanK. ZhangY. ZhangS. ZhaoJ. ZhengG. Zhu

Germany International Working Group (BPV VIII)

P. Chavdarov, ChairA. Spangenberg, Vice ChairH. P. Schmitz, SecretaryB. DaumeA. EmrichJ. FleischfresserA. GastbergR. HelmholdtR. Kauer

D. Koelbl

S. Krebs

T. Ludwig

R. A. Meyers

H. Michael

P. Paluszkiewicz

H. Schroeder

M. Sykora

Italy International Working Group (BPV VIII)

G. Pontiggia, ChairA. Veroni, SecretaryB. G. AlboraliP. AngeliniR. BoattiA. CamanniP. ContiP. L. DinelliF. Finco

M. GuglielmettiP. MantovaniM. MassobrioL. MoracchioliC. SangalettiS. SartiA. TeliI. VenierG. Gobbi, Contributing Member

Special Working Group on Bolted Flanged Joints (BPV VIII)

R. W. Mikitka, ChairW. BrownH. ChenW. J. Koves

J. R. PayneG. B. Rawls, Jr.M. S. Shelton

Working Group on Design (BPV VIII Div. 3)

E. D. Roll, ChairC. Becht VR. C. BielR. CordesR. D. DixonL. FridlundR. T. HallmanK. KarpananJ. KeltjensN. McKieG. M. MitalS. C. MordreG. T. NelsonD. T. Peters

K. C. SimpsonJ. R. SimsD. L. StangK. SubramanianS. TeradaJ. L. TraudR. WinkY. XuF. Kirkemo, Contributing MemberD. J. Burns, Honorary MemberD. M. Fryer, Honorary MemberG. J. Mraz, Honorary MemberE. H. Perez, Honorary Member

Working Group on Materials (BPV VIII Div. 3)

F. W. Tatar, ChairL. P. AntalffyP. N. Chaku

J. A. KappA. K. Khare

Task Group on Impulsively Loaded Vessels (BPV VIII)

E. A. Rodriguez, ChairG. A. AntakiJ. K. AsahinaD. D. BarkerA. M. ClaytonJ. E. Didlake, Jr.T. A. DuffeyB. L. HaroldsenK. HayashiD. HildingK. W. KingR. Kitamura

R. A. LeishearP. O. LeslieF. OhlsonC. RomeroN. RushtonJ. H. StoflethQ. Dong, Contributing MemberH.-P. Schildberg, ContributingMember

J. E. Shepherd, ContributingMember

M. Yip, Contributing Member

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Subgroup on Interpretations (BPV VIII)

U. R. Miller, ChairE. Lawson, Staff SecretaryG. Aurioles, Sr.R. J. BasileJ. CameronR. D. DixonM. KowalczykD. L. KurleM. D. LowerR. MahadeenG. M. Mital

D. I. MorrisD. T. PetersS. C. RobertsC. D. RoderyD. B. StewartP. L. SturgillD. A. SwansonJ. P. Swezy, Jr.J. VattappillyP. G. WittenbachT. P. Pastor, Contributing Member

COMMITTEE ON WELDING, BRAZING, AND FUSING (BPV IX)

D. A. Bowers, ChairM. J. Pischke, Vice ChairS. J. Rossi, Staff SecretaryM. BernasekM. A. BoringJ. G. FeldsteinP. D. FlennerS. E. GingrichK. L. HayesR. M. JesseeJ. S. LeeW. M. LundyT. MelfiW. F. Newell, Jr.D. K. PeetzE. G. ReicheltM. J. RiceM. B. Sims

W. J. SperkoM. J. StankoP. L. SturgillJ. P. Swezy, Jr.P. L. Van FossonE. W. WoelfelA. Roza, DelegateM. Consonni, Contributing MemberS. A. Jones, Contributing MemberA. S. Olivares, ContributingMember

S. Raghunathan, ContributingMember

R. K. Brown, Jr., Honorary MemberM. L. Carpenter, Honorary MemberB. R. Newmark, Honorary MemberS. D. Reynolds, Jr., HonoraryMember

Subgroup on Brazing (BPV IX)

M. J. Pischke, ChairE. W. BeckmanL. F. CampbellM. L. Carpenter

A. F. GarbolevskyN. MohrA. R. NyweningJ. P. Swezy, Jr.

Subgroup on General Requirements (BPV IX)

P. L. Sturgill, ChairE. W. BeckmanJ. P. BellD. A. BowersG. ChandlerP. R. EvansS. FlynnP. GilstonF. HamtakA. Howard

R. M. JesseeD. MobleyD. K. PeetzJ. PillowH. B. PorterJ. P. Swezy, Jr.K. R. WillensE. W. WoelfelE. Molina, DelegateB. R. Newmark, Honorary Member

Subgroup on Materials (BPV IX)

M. Bernasek, ChairT. AndersonJ. L. ArnoldE. CutlipS. S. FioreS. E. GingrichL. S. HarbisonR. M. JesseeT. Melfi

M. J. Pischke

A. Roza

C. E. Sainz

W. J. Sperko

M. J. Stanko

P. L. Sturgill

J. Warren

C. Zanfir

Subgroup on Plastic Fusing (BPV IX)

E. W. Woelfel, ChairD. BurwellM. GhahremaniK. L. HayesR. M. JesseeJ. Johnston, Jr.

J. E. O’SullivanE. G. ReicheltM. J. RiceS. SchuesslerM. TroughtonJ. Wright

Subgroup on Welding Qualifications (BPV IX)

M. J. Rice, ChairJ. S. Lee, Vice ChairM. BernasekM. A. BoringD. A. BowersR. B. CorbitP. D. FlennerL. S. HarbisonK. L. HayesW. M. LundyT. MelfiW. F. Newell, Jr.B. R. NewtonS. Raghunathan

E. G. ReicheltM. B. SimsW. J. SperkoS. A. SpragueP. L. SturgillJ. P. Swezy, Jr.P. L. Van FossonT. C. WiesnerA. D. WilsonD. Chandiramani, ContributingMember

M. Consonni, Contributing MemberM. Degan, Contributing Member

Italy International Working Group (BPV IX)

A. Camanni, ChairA. Veroni, SecretaryP. AngeliniR. BoattiP. L. DinelliF. FerrareseA. GhidiniE. LazzariL. Lotti

N. Maestri

M. Mandina

M. Massobrio

L. Moracchioli

G. Pontiggia

S. Verderame

A. Volpi

G. Gobbi, Contributing Member

COMMITTEE ON FIBER-REINFORCED PLASTIC PRESSURE VESSELS(BPV X)

D. Eisberg, ChairB. F. Shelley, Vice ChairP. D. Stumpf, Staff SecretaryA. L. BeckwithD. BentleyF. L. BrownJ. L. BustillosB. R. ColleyT. W. CowleyI. L. DinovoM. R. GormanB. HebbM. J. Hendrix

D. H. HodgkinsonL. E. HuntD. L. KeelerB. M. LinnemannD. H. McCauleyN. L. NewhouseD. J. PainterA. A. PollockG. RamirezJ. R. RichterD. O. Yancey, Jr.P. H. Ziehl

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COMMITTEE ON NUCLEAR INSERVICE INSPECTION (BPV XI)

G. C. Park, ChairS. D. Kulat, Vice ChairR. W. Swayne, Vice ChairL. Powers, Staff SecretaryV. L. ArmentroutJ. F. BallW. H. BamfordS. B. BrownT. L. ChanR. C. CipollaD. R. CordesD. D. DavisR. L. DyleE. V. Farrell, Jr.M. J. FerlisiP. D. FisherE. B. GerlachT. J. GriesbachJ. HakiiD. O. HenryW. C. HolstonD. W. LamondD. R. LeeG. A. LofthusE. J. MaloneyG. Navratil

S. A. NormanJ. E. O’SullivanR. K. RhyneA. T. Roberts IIID. A. ScarthF. J. Schaaf, Jr.J. C. Spanner, Jr.D. J. TillyD. E. WaskeyJ. G. WeicksH. D. Chung, DelegateC. Ye, DelegateR. E. Gimple, Contributing MemberR. D. Kerr, Contributing MemberB. R. Newton, Contributing MemberR. A. West, Contributing MemberR. A. Yonekawa, ContributingMember

M. L. Benson, AlternateJ. T. Lindberg, AlternateR. O. McGill, AlternateC. J. Wirtz, AlternateC. D. Cowfer, Honorary MemberF. E. Gregor, Honorary MemberO. F. Hedden, Honorary MemberP. C. Riccardella, Honorary Member

Executive Committee (BPV XI)

S. D. Kulat, ChairG. C. Park, Vice ChairL. Powers, Staff SecretaryW. H. BamfordR. L. DyleM. J. FerlisiE. B. Gerlach

W. C. HolstonD. W. LamondJ. T. LindbergR. K. RhyneJ. C. Spanner, Jr.R. W. SwayneM. L. Benson, Alternate

Argentina International Working Group (BPV XI)

O. Martinez, Staff SecretaryD. A. CipollaA. ClausD. CostaD. P. DelfinoD. N. Dell’ErbaA. DominguezS. A. EcheverriaE. P. FresquetM. M. GamizoI. M. GuerreiroM. F. LiendoF. Llorente

R. J. LopezM. MagliocchiL. R. MiñoJ. MonteM. D. PeredaA. PolitiC. G. RealF. M. SchroeterG. J. ScianM. J. SolariP. N. ToranoO. A. VerasteguiP. Yamamoto

China International Working Group (BPV XI)

J. H. Liu, ChairY. Nie, Vice ChairC. Ye, Vice ChairM. W. Zhou, SecretaryJ. F. CaiD. X. ChenH. ChenH. D. ChenY. B. GuoY. HouD. M. KangS. W. LiX. Y. LiangS. X. LinL. Q. Liu

Y. LiuW. N. PeiC. L. PengG. X. TangQ. WangQ. W. WangZ. S. WangL. WeiF. XuZ. Y. XuQ. YinK. ZhangX. L. ZhangY. ZhangZ. M. Zhong

Germany International Working Group (BPV XI)

H.-R. BathR. DoringB. ErhardM. HagenbruchB. HoffmannE. Iacopetta

U. Jendrich

H. Schau

H.-J. Scholtka

X. Schuler

J. Wendt

Special Working Group on Editing and Review (BPV XI)

R. W. Swayne, ChairC. E. MoyerK. R. Rao

J. E. StaffieraD. J. TillyC. J. Wirtz

Task Group on Inspectability (BPV XI)

J. T. Lindberg, ChairM. J. Ferlisi, SecretaryW. H. BamfordA. CardilloD. R. CordesD. O. HenryE. HenryJ. HoncharikJ. HowardR. KleinC. Latiolais

D. Lieb

G. A. Lofthus

D. E. Matthews

P. J. O’ReganJ. Ossmann

R. Rishel

S. A. Sabo

P. Sullivan

C. Thomas

J. Tucker

Task Group on ISI of Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage and TransportationContainment Systems (BPV XI)

K. Hunter, ChairA. Alleshwaram, SecretaryD. J. AmmermanW. H. BorterJ. BroussardS. BrownC. R. BryanT. CarraherD. DunnN. FalesR. C. FolleyB. GuthermanS. HorowitzM. W. JosephH. JungM. Liu

R. M. MeyerB. L. MontgomeryM. MoranT. NuofferM. OrihuelaR. PaceE. L. PleinsR. SindelarH. SmithJ. C. Spanner, Jr.C. J. TemusG. WhiteX. J. ZhaiP.-S. Lam, AlternateJ. Wise, Alternate

xxx

Subgroup on Evaluation Standards (SG-ES) (BPV XI)

W. H. Bamford, ChairN. A. Palm, SecretaryH. D. ChungR. C. CipollaR. L. DyleC. M. FaidyB. R. GantaT. J. GriesbachK. HasegawaK. HojoD. N. HopkinsK. KoyamaD. R. Lee

Y. S. LiR. O. McGillH. S. MehtaK. MiyazakiR. PaceJ. C. PoehlerS. RanganathD. A. ScarthT. V. VoK. R. WichmanS. X. XuM. L. Benson, AlternateT. Hardin, Alternate

Task Group on Evaluation of Beyond Design Basis Events (SG-ES)(BPV XI)

R. Pace, ChairK. E. Woods, SecretaryG. A. AntakiP. R. DonavinR. G. GiladaT. J. GriesbachH. L. GustinM. HayashiK. Hojo

S. A. Kleinsmith

H. S. Mehta

D. V. Sommerville

T. V. Vo

K. R. Wichman

G. M. Wilkowski

S. X. Xu

T. Weaver, Contributing Member

Working Group on Flaw Evaluation (SG-ES) (BPV XI)

R. C. Cipolla, ChairS. X. Xu, SecretaryW. H. BamfordM. L. BensonB. BezensekM. BrumovskyH. D. ChungT. E. DemersC. M. FaidyB. R. GantaR. G. GiladaH. L. GustinF. D. HayesP. H. HoangK. HojoD. N. HopkinsY. KimK. KoyamaV. Lacroix

D. R. LeeY. S. LiM. LiuH. S. MehtaG. A. A. MiessiK. MiyazakiR. K. QashuS. RanganathP. J. RushD. A. ScarthW. L. ServerD.-J. ShimA. UdyawarT. V. VoB. WasilukK. R. WichmanG. M. WilkowskiD. L. Rudland, Alternate

Task Group on Crack Growth Reference Curves (BPV XI)

D. A. Scarth, ChairH. I. Gustin, SecretaryW. H. BamfordM. L. BensonF. W. BrustR. C. CipollaR. L. DyleK. Hasegawa

D. N. HopkinsK. KashimaK. KoyamaD. R. LeeH. S. MehtaK. MiyazakiS. RanganathT. V. Vo

Task Group on Evaluation Procedures for Degraded Buried Pipe(WG-PFE) (BPV XI)

R. O. McGill, ChairS. X. Xu, SecretaryG. A. AntakiR. C. CipollaK. HasegawaK. M. Hoffman

G. A. A. MiessiM. MoenssensD. P. MunsonR. PaceP. J. RushD. A. Scarth

Working Group on Operating Plant Criteria (SG-ES) (BPV XI)

N. A. Palm, ChairA. E. Freed, SecretaryV. Marthandam, SecretaryK. R. BakerW. H. BamfordM. BrumovskyT. L. DicksonR. L. DyleS. R. GosselinT. J. GriesbachM. HayashiS. A. KleinsmithH. KobayashiH. S. Mehta

A. D. OdellR. PaceJ. C. PoehlerS. RanganathW. L. ServerD. V. SommervilleC. A. TomesA. UdyawarT. V. VoD. P. WeaklandK. E. WoodsH. Q. XuT. Hardin, Alternate

Working Group on Pipe Flaw Evaluation (SG-ES) (BPV XI)

D. A. Scarth, ChairG. M. Wilkowski, SecretaryK. AzumaW. H. BamfordM. L. BensonM. BrumovskyF. W. BrustH. D. ChungR. C. CipollaN. G. CofieJ. M. DavisT. E. DemersC. M. FaidyB. R. GantaS. R. GosselinC. E. Guzman-LeongK. HasegawaP. H. HoangK. HojoD. N. Hopkins

E. J. HoustonR. JanowiakS. KalyanamK. KashimaV. LacroixY. S. LiR. O. McGillH. S. MehtaG. A. A. MiessiK. MiyazakiS. H. PelletH. RathbunP. J. RushD.-J. ShimA. UdyawarT. V. VoB. WasilukS. X. XuA. Alleshwaram, Alternate

Subgroup on Nondestructive Examination (SG-NDE) (BPV XI)

J. C. Spanner, Jr., ChairD. R. Cordes, SecretaryT. L. ChanS. E. CumblidgeF. E. DohmenK. J. HackerJ. HarrisonD. O. Henry

J. T. LindbergG. A. LofthusG. R. PerkinsS. A. SaboF. J. Schaaf, Jr.R. V. SwainC. J. WirtzC. A. Nove, Alternate

xxxi

Working Group on Personnel Qualification and Surface Visual andEddy Current Examination (SG-NDE) (BPV XI)

J. T. Lindberg, ChairJ. E. Aycock, SecretaryC. Brown, SecretaryS. E. CumblidgeA. DiazN. Farenbaugh

D. O. HenryJ. W. HoufC. ShinskyJ. C. Spanner, Jr.J. T. TimmC. J. Wirtz

Working Group on Procedure Qualification and VolumetricExamination (SG-NDE) (BPV XI)

G. A. Lofthus, ChairJ. Harrison, SecretaryG. R. Perkins, SecretaryM. T. AndersonM. BrileyA. BushmireD. R. CordesM. DennisS. R. Doctor

F. E. DohmenK. J. HackerD. A. KullC. A. NoveD. NowakowskiS. A. SaboR. V. SwainS. J. ToddD. K. Zimmerman

Subgroup on Repair/Replacement Activities (SG-RRA) (BPV XI)

E. B. Gerlach, ChairE. V. Farrell, Jr., SecretaryJ. F. BallS. B. BrownR. ClowP. D. FisherK. J. KarwoskiS. L. McCrackenB. R. Newton

J. E. O’Sullivan

S. Schuessler

R. R. Stevenson

R. W. Swayne

D. J. Tilly

D. E. Waskey

J. G. Weicks

P. Raynaud, Alternate

Working Group on Welding and Special Repair Processes (SG-RRA)(BPV XI)

D. E. Waskey, ChairD. J. Tilly, SecretaryD. BarborakS. J. FindlanP. D. FisherM. L. HallK. J. KarwoskiC. C. Kim

M. Kris

S. L. McCracken

D. B. Meredith

B. R. Newton

J. E. O’Sullivan

D. Segletes

J. G. Weicks

Working Group on Nonmetals Repair/Replacement Activities(SG-RRA) (BPV XI)

J. E. O'Sullivan, ChairS. Schuessler, SecretaryJ. Johnston, Jr.M. LashleyM. P. Marohl

T. M. MustoS. PattersonA. PridmoreP. RaynaudF. J. Schaaf, Jr.

Task Group on Repair by Carbon Fiber Composites(WGN-MRR) (BPV XI)

J. E. O'Sullivan, ChairB. DavenportM. GollietL. S. GordonM. P. MarohlN. MeyerR. P. OjdrovicD. PegueroA. Pridmore

P. RaynaudC. W. RowleyV. RoyJ. SealeyN. StoevaM. F. UddinJ. WenT. Jimenez, AlternateG. M. Lupia, Alternate

Working Group on Design and Programs (SG-RRA) (BPV XI)

S. B. Brown, ChairA. B. Meichler, SecretaryO. BhattyR. ClowR. R. CroftE. V. Farrell, Jr.E. B. Gerlach

H. Malikowski

M. A. Pyne

P. Raynaud

R. R. Stevenson

R. W. Swayne

R. Turner

Subgroup on Water-Cooled Systems (SG-WCS) (BPV XI)

D. W. Lamond, ChairG Navratil, SecretaryJ. M. AgoldV. L. ArmentroutJ. M. BoughmanS. B. BrownS. T. ChesworthD. D. DavisH. Q. DoM. J. Ferlisi

K. W. Hall

P. J. Hennessey

K. Hoffman

S. D. Kulat

T. Nomura

T. Nuoffer

G. C. Park

H. M. Stephens, Jr.

M. J. Homiack, Alternate

Task Group on High Strength Nickel Alloys Issues (SG-WCS) (BPV XI)

R. L. Dyle, ChairB. L. Montgomery, SecretaryW. H. BamfordP. R. DonavinK. HoffmanK. KoyamaC. Lohse

H. MalikowskiS. E. MarletteG. C. ParkG. R. PolingJ. M. ShupingJ. C. Spanner, Jr.D. P. Weakland

Working Group on Containment (SG-WCS) (BPV XI)

H. M. Stephens, Jr., ChairS. G. Brown, SecretaryP. S. GhosalH. T. HillR. D. HoughB. Lehman

J. McIntyre

J. A. Munshi

M. Sircar

S. Walden, Alternate

T. J. Herrity, Alternate

Working Group on Inspection of Systems and Components(SG-WCS) (BPV XI)

M. J. Ferlisi, ChairN. Granback, SecretaryJ. M. AgoldR. W. BlydeC. Cueto-FelguerosoH. Q. DoK. W. HallK. M. Hoffman

S. D. Kulat

A. Lee

G. J. Navratil

T. Nomura

J. C. Nygaard

R. Rishel

J. C. Younger

xxxii

Working Group on Pressure Testing (SG-WCS) (BPV XI)

J. M. Boughman, ChairS. A. Norman, SecretaryT. AnselmiY.-K. ChungM. J. Homiack

A. E. KeyserD. W. LamondJ. K. McClanahanB. L. MontgomeryC. Thomas

Task Group on Buried Components Inspection and Testing(WG-PT) (BPV XI)

D. W. Lamond, ChairJ. M. Boughman, SecretaryM. Moenssens, SecretaryT. Anselmi

B. DavenportA. HiserJ. Ossmann

Working Group on Risk-Informed Activities (SG-WCS) (BPV XI)

M. A. Pyne, ChairS. T. Chesworth, SecretaryJ. M. AgoldC. Cueto-FelguerosoR. HaesslerJ. HakiiK. W. HallM. J. HomiackS. D. Kulat

D. W. Lamond

R. K. Mattu

A. McNeill III

G. J. Navratil

P. J. O’Regan

N. A. Palm

D. Vetter

J. C. Younger

Working Group on General Requirements (BPV XI)

R. K. Rhyne, ChairC. E. Moyer, SecretaryJ. F. BallT. L. Chan

P. J. HennesseyE. J. MaloneyR. K. MattuT. Nuoffer

Special Working Group on Reliability and Integrity ManagementProgram (BPV XI)

F. J. Schaaf, Jr., ChairA. T. Roberts III, SecretaryN. BroomS. R. DoctorS. DowneyJ. D. FletcherJ. T. FongT. GrahamN. GranbackJ. Grimm

D. M. Jones

A. L. Krinzman

D. R. Lee

R. K. Miller

M. N. Mitchell

R. Morrill

T. Roney

R. W. Swayne

S. Takaya

JSME/ASME Joint Task Group for System-Based Code (SWG-RIM)(BPV XI)

T. Asayama, ChairS. R. DoctorK. DozakiS. R. GosselinM. HayashiD. M. JonesY. KamishimaA. L. Krinzman

D. R. Lee

H. Machida

M. Morishita

A. T. Roberts III

F. J. Schaaf, Jr.

S. Takaya

D. Watanabe

COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORT TANKS (BPV XII)

M. D. Rana, ChairN. J. Paulick, Vice ChairR. Lucas, Staff SecretaryA. N. AntoniouP. ChilukuriW. L. GarfieldG. G. Karcher

M. PittsT. A. RogersS. StaniszewskiA. P. VargheseJ. A. Byers, Contributing MemberR. Meyers, Contributing MemberM. R. Ward, Contributing Member

Executive Committee (BPV XII)

N. J. Paulick, ChairR. Lucas, Staff SecretaryM. Pitts

M. D. RanaS. StaniszewskiA. P. Varghese

Subgroup on Design and Materials (BPV XII)

A. P. Varghese, ChairR. C. Sallash, SecretaryD. K. ChandiramaniP. ChilukuriY. DoronR. D. HayworthG. G. KarcherS. L. McWilliamsN. J. PaulickM. D. Rana

T. A. Rogers

S. Staniszewski

K. Xu

A. T. Duggleby, ContributingMember

T. J. Hitchcock, ContributingMember

M. R. Ward, Contributing Member

J. Zheng, Contributing Member

Subgroup on Fabrication, Inspection, and Continued Service(BPV XII)

M. Pitts, ChairP. Chilukuri, SecretaryR. D. HayworthK. ManskerG. McRaeO. MuletT. A. RogersM. RudekR. C. Sallash

L. SelenskyS. StaniszewskiS. E. Benet, Contributing MemberJ. A. Byers, Contributing MemberA. S. Olivares, ContributingMember

L. H. Strouse, Contributing MemberS. V. Voorhees, ContributingMember

Subgroup on General Requirements (BPV XII)

S. Staniszewski, ChairB. F. Pittel, SecretaryA. N. AntoniouY. DoronJ. L. FreilerW. L. GarfieldO. MuletM. PittsT. RummelR. C. SallashL. Selensky

P. Chilukuri, Contributing MemberK. L. Gilmore, Contributing MemberT. J. Hitchcock, ContributingMember

G. McRae, Contributing MemberS. L. McWilliams, ContributingMember

T. A. Rogers, Contributing MemberD. G. Shelton, Contributing MemberL. H. Strouse, Contributing MemberM. R. Ward, Contributing Member

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Subgroup on Nonmandatory Appendices (BPV XII)

N. J. Paulick, ChairS. Staniszewski, SecretaryP. ChilukuriR. D. HayworthK. ManskerS. L. McWilliamsN. J. PaulickM. PittsT. A. RogersR. C. Sallash

D. G. Shelton

S. E. Benet, Contributing Member

D. D. Brusewitz, ContributingMember

T. J. Hitchcock, ContributingMember

A. P. Varghese, ContributingMember

M. R. Ward, Contributing Member

COMMITTEE ON OVERPRESSURE PROTECTION (BPV XIII)

D. B. DeMichael, ChairC. E. O’Brien, Staff SecretaryJ. F. BallJ. BurgessS. CammeresiJ. A. CoxR. D. DanzyJ. P. Glaspie

S. F. HarrisonW. F. HartD. MillerB. K. NutterT. PatelM. PoehlmannZ. WangJ. A. West

COMMITTEE ON BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CONFORMITYASSESSMENT (CBPVCA)

P. D. Edwards, ChairL. E. McDonald, Vice ChairK. I. Baron, Staff SecretaryM. Vazquez, Staff SecretaryJ. P. ChicoineD. C. CookT. E. HansenK. T. LauD. MillerB. R. MorelockJ. D. O’LearyG. ScribnerB. C. TurczynskiD. E. TuttleR. UebelE. A. WhittleR. V. Wielgoszinski

D. Cheetham, Contributing MemberT. P. Beirne, AlternateJ. B. Carr, AlternateJ. W. Dickson, AlternateJ. M. Downs, AlternateB. J. Hackett, AlternateB. L. Krasiun, AlternateD. W. Linaweaver, AlternateP. F. Martin, AlternateI. Powell, AlternateR. Rockwood, AlternateL. Skarin, AlternateR. D. Troutt, AlternateS. V. Voorhees, AlternateP. Williams, AlternateA. J. Spencer, Honorary Member

COMMITTEE ON NUCLEAR CERTIFICATION (CNC)

R. R. Stevenson, ChairJ. DeKleine, Vice ChairE. Suarez, Staff SecretaryG. GobbiS. M. GoodwinJ. W. HighlandsK. A. HuberJ. C. KraneM. A. LockwoodR. P. McIntyreL. M. PlanteH. B. PrasseT. E. QuakaC. T. SmithC. TuryloD. M. VickeryE. A. WhittleC. S. Withers

S. F. Harrison, ContributingMember

S. Andrews, AlternateD. Arrigo, AlternateJ. Ball, AlternateP. J. Coco, AlternateP. D. Edwards, AlternateD. P. Gobbi, AlternateK. M. Hottle, AlternateK. A. Kavanagh, AlternateP. Krane, AlternateD. Nenstiel, AlternateM. Paris, AlternateG. Szabatura, AlternateA. Torosyan, AlternateS. V. Voorhees, AlternateS. Yang, Alternate

Subcommittee on Safety Valve Requirements (SC-SVR)

D. B. DeMichael, ChairC. E. O’Brien, Staff SecretaryJ. F. BallJ. BurgessS. CammeresiJ. A. CoxR. D. DanzyJ. P. GlaspieS. F. Harrison

W. F. Hart

D. Miller

B. K. Nutter

T. Patel

M. Poehlmann

Z. Wang

J. A. West

S. R. Irvin, Sr., Alternate

Subgroup on Design (SC-SVR)

D. Miller, ChairC. E. BeairB. JoergensenB. J. Mollitor

T. PatelJ. A. WestR. D. Danzy, Contributing Member

Subgroup on General Requirements (SC-SVR)

J. F. Ball, ChairG. BrazierJ. BurgessD. B. DeMichaelS. T. French

J. P. GlaspieB. F. PittelM. PoehlmannD. E. TuttleJ. White

Subgroup on Testing (SC-SVR)

W. F. Hart, ChairT. P. BeirneJ. E. BrittJ. BuehrerS. CammeresiJ. A. CoxJ. W. Dickson

A. DonaldsonG. D. GoodsonB. K. NutterC. SharpeZ. WangA. WilsonS. R. Irvin, Sr., Alternate

U.S. Technical Advisory Group ISO/TC 185 Safety Relief Valves

T. J. Bevilacqua, ChairC. E. O’Brien, Staff SecretaryJ. F. BallG. BrazierD. B. DeMichael

D. MillerB. K. NutterT. PatelJ. A. West

xxxiv

ORGANIZATION OF SECTION VII

1 GENERAL

The purpose of Section VII, Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers, is to promote safety in the use ofpower boilers. These guidelines are intended for use by those directly responsible for operating, maintaining, and ex-amining power boilers.

With respect to the application of these guidelines, a power boiler is a pressure vessel constructed in compliance withSection I in which, due to the application of heat, steam is generated at a pressure exceeding 15 psig (100 kPa) for useexternal to the boiler. The heat may be derived from the combustion of fuel (solids, liquids, or gases), from the hot wastegases of other chemical reactions, or from the application of electrical energy. The term power boiler in this Section in-cludes stationary, portable, and traction types, but does not include locomotive and high-temperature water boilers orminiature boilers (Section I), nuclear power plant boilers (Section III), heating boilers (Section IV), pressure vessels (Sec-tion VIII), or marine boilers.

These guidelines apply to the boiler proper, pipe connections and piping up to and including the valve or valves asrequired by the Code, superheaters, reheaters, economizers, and appurtenances that are directly associated with theboiler.

Guidelines are also provided for operation of auxiliary equipment that affects the safe and reliable operation of powerboilers.

Formulating a set of guidelines that is applicable to all sites and types of plants is difficult; therefore, it may be advi-sable to depart from these guidelines in specific cases. Manufacturer’s operating instructions should always be adheredto. Other industry-accepted codes and procedures, such as the National Fire Protection Association’s codes covering pre-vention of furnace explosions, are recommended for additional guidance.

2 SUBSECTIONS AND ARTICLES

Section VII consists of Subsections 1 through 5; Subsections are divided into Articles.• Subsection 1 — Watertube Drum-Type Industrial Steam Boilers: this Subsection focuses primarily on watertubedrum-type industrial steam boilers fired with natural gas or fuel oil at steam conditions up to 600 psig and750°F (4 MPa and 400°C), because of their extensive use.– Article 100, Fundamentals of Watertube Boilers— a general description of boiler fundamentals, including steam

generation, boiler assembly types, typically connected pressure parts, combustion, boiler efficiency, andemissions.

– Article 101, Boiler Operation— guidelines for routine boiler operation, including start-up, normal operation, andshutdown, as well as operator training for safe and reliable operation.

– Article 102, Boiler Auxiliaries — guidelines for normal and some emergency operations of fuel-burning equip-ment, air heaters, boiler feed pumps, fans, and other auxiliaries commonly used in the operation of boilers. Em-phasis is placed on operating the auxiliaries to avoid an unsafe condition in a boiler.

– Article 103, Appurtenances — operating guidelines and descriptions for frequently used boiler appurtenances,such as pressure relief valves (safety valves), water columns, gage glasses, drum water-level transmitters, blow-down systems, pressure gages, feedwater regulator valves, and soot blowers.

– Article 104, Instrumentation, Controls, and Interlocks — brief description and listing of recommended instru-mentation for monitoring boiler status and drum water level, controls for boiler operation, and interlocks to pre-vent unsafe conditions.

– Article 105, Examinations— guidelines for examination of boilers to ensure that the boiler is capable of safe andreliable operation. These guidelines apply only to those who are responsible for the examination, operation, andmaintenance of boiler plants and must not be considered as applying to the state, municipal, or insurance com-panies’ inspectors. Consideration should be given to the importance of continual examination as compared withperiodic examination. These guidelines are not intended to define or limit the extent of inspection by the Author-ized Inspector.

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– Article 106, Repairs, Alterations, and Maintenance — guidelines for boiler repairs and alterations to return theboiler to a safe condition, and for routine maintenance programs to improve boiler availability and keep boilers ina safe operating condition.

• Subsection 2— Pertaining to All Steam Boilers: this Subsection is intended to apply to boilers described in Subsec-tion 1 and is likely to apply to all Section I steam boilers.– Article 200, Protecting Heat Transfer Surfaces— guidelines addressing internal cleaning, laying up, deposits, cor-rosion, steam contamination, water chemistry, and fire-side conditions

– Article 201, Preventing Boiler Failures — guidelines for operation of protective equipment, and precautions toprevent causes of boiler failures, such as overpressure, high or low water level, weakening of structure, explo-sions, and implosions

– Article 202, Documents, Records, and References — a description of typically required Code documentation andwhere to obtain copies; information regarding other sources of documents relative to a specific boiler installa-tion, and guidelines for maintaining up-to-date records; and a listing of references cited in this Section

• Subsection 3— Other Boiler Types: this Subsection contains information regarding other boiler types as they differfrom the watertube drum-type industrial steam boilers discussed in Subsections 1 and 2.– Article 300, Firetube Boilers– Article 301, Electric Steam Boilers– Article 302, Utility Boilers

• Subsection 4— Coal-Fired and Other Solid-Fuel-Fired Boilers: this Subsection includes guidelines unique to boilersfired by coal and other solid fuels.– Article 400, Stoker-Fired Boilers– Article 401, Pulverized-Coal-Fired Boilers– Article 402, Ash Removal– Article 403, Maintenance

• Subsection 5— Glossary: this Subsection is a glossary of words contained in Section VII or likely to be used regard-ing a boiler.

3 APPENDICES

Mandatory Appendix I — Standard Units for Use in EquationsNonmandatory Appendix A — Checklists for Maintenance Examinations: this Nonmandatory Appendix contains

checklists for the maintenance examinations of boilers.Nonmandatory Appendix B — Guidance for the Use of U.S. Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boiler and Pressure

Vessel Code

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SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Errata to the BPV Code may be posted on the ASME Web site to provide corrections to incorrectly published items, or tocorrect typographical or grammatical errors in the BPV Code. Such Errata shall be used on the date posted.

Information regarding Special Notices and Errata is published by ASME at http://go.asme.org/BPVCerrata.

Changes given below are identified on the pages by a margin note, (17), placed next to the affected area.

The Record Numbers listed below are explained in more detail in “List of Changes in Record Number Order” followingthis Summary of Changes.

Page Location Change (Record Number)

viii List of Sections Updated

xiii Submittal of TechnicalInquiries to the Boilerand Pressure VesselStandards Committees

Revised in its entirety (13-2222)

xvi Personnel Updated

6 101.1.1 Revised (14-1599)

7 101.1.6 (1) In 101.1.6.1, References to ANSI/ASSE Standards added(14-1599)

(2) New 101.1.6.2 added and subsequent paragraph redesignated(14-1599)

16 101.5 (1) 101.5.1 through 101.5.5 revised in their entirety (14-1599)(2) Figure 101.5.4-1 added (formerly Figure 105.3.1-1) (14-1599)(3) New 101.5.6 added and subsequent paragraphs redesignated

(14-1599)

20 Figure 102.2.3-1 General Note revised (14-1598)

21 102.2.5.2 In second paragraph, figure reference added (14-1598)

23 Figure 102.2.5.2-2 Added (14-1598)

29 102.5 Revised (16-1109)

44 Figure 103.4.1-1 (1) Figure and General Notes revised (14-2101, 16-1795)(2) Note (1) editorially revised

46 103.7 In first paragraph, last sentence revised (16-1108)

47 103.8 Second paragraph revised (16-1108)

48 104.2.1 Subparagraphs (l) and (m) revised and subpara. (n) added(16-1109)

49 104.4 (1) In 104.4.1, second sentence revised (16-1110)(2) 104.4.1.1(b) revised (16-1110)(3) In 104.4.1.3(b)(1), last sentence added (16-1110)

53 105.3 (1) Revised in its entirety (15-1599)(2) Figure 105.3.1-1 relocated to 101.5.4, redesignated as Figure

101.5.4-1, and title revised (14-1599)

53 105.4 In 105.4.1, paragraphs transposed for clarity (16-1109)

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Page Location Change (Record Number)

58 105.11 Added (15-2319)

64 106.4.1.2.14 Subparagraph (a)(3) revised (16-1108)

81 201.1 (1) Subparagraph (a) revised (16-1109)(2) New subpara. (a)(2) added and subsequent subparagraphs

redesignated (16-1109)

81 201.3.1 (1) Title revised(2) First, second, third, fifth, sixth, and ninth paragraphs revised

(16-1405, 16-1406)

87 201.7 Second paragraph revised (16-1109)

90 202.4.1 (1) Former in-text Notes changed to footnotes (1) and (2) editorially(2) References to ASME POM 101 and POM 102 added (15-2319)

93 Figure 300.3.1-1 Revised (15-2318)

95 300.3.5 Second paragraph revised (16-1110)

152 Form A-102-1 Title editorially corrected

xxxviii

LIST OF CHANGES IN RECORD NUMBER ORDER

Record Number Change

13–2222 Revised the front guidance on interpretations in its entirety.14-1598 Updated Figure 102.2.3-1 to include a new strainer — addition of (control valve) to the pres-

sure regulator, updates to reflect a multiple ignitor system, and editorial changes. Added newFigure 102.2.5.2-2 to the fuel oil section to highlight the use of light fuel oil in industry. NFPAwas contacted and agreed to the use of Figures A.6.6.5.1.5.4(a) and A.6.7.5.1.5.4(d) of NFPA 85in Section VII of the 2017 ASME BPVC. The NFPA has been credited for use of these figures.

14-1599 Updated 101.1 to include all personnel and to include a general statement on Safe Workplace.In addition, updated and revised the references. Revised 101.5.1 through 101.5.6 to includegeneral notes, revised shutdown, draining, isolation, and preparation of the boiler as well aswaterside and fireside cleaning requirements. Deleted most of 105.3 with reference back tothe new version of 101.5.

14-2101 Revised Figure 103.4.1-1 General Notes (a) and (b) and added General Note (c) to identify thedrain valve that is shown on the illustration of the water column and updated background.

15-2318 Replaced the upper right sketch in Figure 300.3.1-1 with a more accurate sketch. Revised theparenthetical reference to Hartford Steam Boiler by indicating only the left sketch is attributedto them.

15-2319 Added references to ASME POM 101 and ASME POM 102 in Articles 105 and 202 of Section VII.16-1108 Editorial corrections made to 103.7, 103.8, 106.4.1.2.13(a)(2)(-f), and 106.4.1.2.14(a)(3).16-1109 Revised 102.5, 104.2.1, 105.3.1, 105.4.1, 201.1, and 201.7.16-1110 Revised 104.4.1, 104.4.1.3, and 300.3.5 to ensure the wording of the Code was in line with mod-

ern technologies and wording.16-1405 Replaced references to PG-60.4 in 201.3.1 with PG-60.16-1406 Editorially revised the first sentence in four of the first six paragraphs of 201.3.1 to change

"water glass" to "gage glass" to be consistent with PG-60.16-1795 Removed Note (1) callout by Valves #1 and #3 and inserted it at location by water column in

Figure 103.4.1-1.

xxxix

CROSS-REFERENCING AND STYLISTIC CHANGES IN THE BOILERAND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE

There have been structural and stylistic changes to BPVC, starting with the 2011 Addenda, that should be noted to aidnavigating the contents. The following is an overview of the changes:

Subparagraph Breakdowns/Nested Lists Hierarchy

• First-level breakdowns are designated as (a), (b), (c), etc., as in the past.• Second-level breakdowns are designated as (1), (2), (3), etc., as in the past.• Third-level breakdowns are now designated as (-a), (-b), (-c), etc.• Fourth-level breakdowns are now designated as (-1), (-2), (-3), etc.• Fifth-level breakdowns are now designated as (+a), (+b), (+c), etc.• Sixth-level breakdowns are now designated as (+1), (+2), etc.

Footnotes

With the exception of those included in the front matter (roman-numbered pages), all footnotes are treated as end-notes. The endnotes are referenced in numeric order and appear at the end of each BPVC section/subsection.

Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees

Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees has been moved to the frontmatter. This information now appears in all Boiler Code Sections (except for Code Case books).

Cross-References

It is our intention to establish cross-reference link functionality in the current edition and moving forward. To facil-itate this, cross-reference style has changed. Cross-references within a subsection or subarticle will not include the des-ignator/identifier of that subsection/subarticle. Examples follow:• (Sub-)Paragraph Cross-References. The cross-references to subparagraph breakdowns will follow the hierarchy of

the designators under which the breakdown appears.– If subparagraph (-a) appears in X.1(c)(1) and is referenced in X.1(c)(1), it will be referenced as (-a).– If subparagraph (-a) appears in X.1(c)(1) but is referenced in X.1(c)(2), it will be referenced as (1)(-a).– If subparagraph (-a) appears in X.1(c)(1) but is referenced in X.1(e)(1), it will be referenced as (c)(1)(-a).– If subparagraph (-a) appears in X.1(c)(1) but is referenced in X.2(c)(2), it will be referenced as X.1(c)(1)(-a).

• Equation Cross-References. The cross-references to equations will follow the same logic. For example, if eq. (1) ap-pears in X.1(a)(1) but is referenced in X.1(b), it will be referenced as eq. (a)(1)(1). If eq. (1) appears in X.1(a)(1) butis referenced in a different subsection/subarticle/paragraph, it will be referenced as eq. X.1(a)(1)(1).

xl