Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts Section 3: Acids, Bases, and Salts in the Home Preview Key Ideas Bellringer Cleaning Products Personal-Care and Food Products.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

Section 3: Acids, Bases, and Salts in the Home

Preview• Key Ideas• Bellringer• Cleaning Products• Personal-Care and Food Products

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

Key Ideas

〉Why are cleaning products added to water?

〉What are some household products that contain acids, bases, and salts?

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

Bellringer

Many acids, bases, and salts are used daily in our homes. Based on what you know about the properties of acids, bases, and salts, answer the following questions.

1. Some green apples are particularly sour. Is this likely to be due to an excess of an acid or a base?

2. Baking soda reacts with vinegar. Is baking soda an acid or a base?

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

Bellringer , continued

3. Given that one approach to an upset stomach is to take an antacid, are the chemicals secreted into the stomach for digestion likely to be acids or bases?

4. Drain cleaners that contain lye react with fatty acids in clogs. Given that, are drain cleaners that contain lye

acids or bases

5. Many common window cleaners contain ammonia, a base. Given that, is most dirt on windows slightly acidic or slightly basic?

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

SPS6.e Determine whether common household substances are acidic, basic, or neutral.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

EQ: How acidic or basic are some common household substances?

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

Personal-Care and Food Products〉What are some household products that contain acids, bases, and salts?

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-1 Personal-Care and Food ProductsMany healthcare, beauty, and food products in your home, in addition to cleaners, contain acids, bases, or salts.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-2 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued• Many healthcare products are acids or bases.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-3 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

Vitamin C is ascorbic acid.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-4 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

Sodium hydrogen carbonate and magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia) are antacids.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-5 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

antacid: a weak base that neutralizes stomach acid

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-6 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

The pH of most shampoos is between 5 and 8.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-7 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

A shampoo that is too basic can cause strands of hair to swell.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-8 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

• Acids can be used as antioxidants.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-9 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

Antioxidants prevent oxygen from reacting with molecules.

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9-3-10 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

Vitamin C and citric acid are antioxidants.

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9-3-11 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

Vinegar or citrus juices make acidic marinades that can tenderize meats.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-12 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

Bacteria convert lactose, a sugar in milk, into lactic acid.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-13 Personal-Care and Food Products, continued

Many drain cleaners contain sodium hydroxide.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

Cleaning Products

〉Why are cleaning products added to water?

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-14 Cleaning Products

Water does not mix with grease or oil.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-15 Cleaning Products

Cleaning products improve water’s ability to clean because they help water mix with oily substances.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-16 Cleaning Products

Soap can dissolve in both oil and in water and allows oil and water to form an emulsion that can be washed away by rinsing.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-17 Cleaning Products, continued

• Detergents and soaps are bases.

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9-3-18 Cleaning Products, continued

• Detergent: a water-soluble cleaner that can emulsify dirt and oil

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-19 Cleaning Products, continued

• Soap forms soap scum when it combines with Mg2+, Ca2+, and Fe3+.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-20 Cleaning Products, continued

Soap scum is an insoluble salt.

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9-3-21 Cleaning Products, continued

Detergents do not form scum.

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9-3-22 Cleaning Products, continued

• The hydrocarbon chains in detergents come from petroleum products.

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-23 Cleaning Products, continued

• The hydrocarbon chains in soap come from animal fats or plant oils.

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9-3-24 Cleaning Products, continued• Many household cleaners contain the weak base ammonia.

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9-3-25 Cleaning Products, continued• Bleach: a chemical compound used to whiten or make lighter

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9-3-26 Cleaning Products, continued

Household bleach is a solution of a strong base, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).

Section 3Acids, Bases, and Salts

9-3-27 Cleaning Products, continued• Bleach is also a strong disinfectant.