Search & Rescue Ins and Outs Presented for use by Emory Arnold For.

Search & RescueSearch & Rescue

Ins and OutsIns and OutsPresented for use by Emory Arnold

For

Search and RescueSearch and Rescue

Building OrientationBuilding Orientation Search OrientationSearch Orientation Primary & Secondary SearchPrimary & Secondary Search Search MethodsSearch Methods Search PrioritiesSearch Priorities Search Area SafetySearch Area Safety Rescue vs. RecoveryRescue vs. Recovery Vent-Enter-SearchVent-Enter-Search Oriented Person SearchOriented Person Search Traditional SearchTraditional Search Search ProgressSearch Progress

Building OrientationBuilding Orientation

360 Degree walk around before 360 Degree walk around before enteringentering Mental Picture of _______________Mental Picture of _______________

Doors/ WindowsDoors/ Windows Fire Location/Smoke ConditionsFire Location/Smoke Conditions Is it occupied?Is it occupied? CAN YOU GET OUT IF CONDITIONS CAN YOU GET OUT IF CONDITIONS

WORSENWORSEN

Structure typeStructure type Residential/PublicResidential/Public

Building Orientation Building Orientation Cont.Cont.

OccupancyOccupancy Time of DayTime of Day Type of OccupancyType of Occupancy Vehicle in driveVehicle in drive Bystanders or building occupantsBystanders or building occupants

Questions if somebody is said to be inside: Questions if somebody is said to be inside: Where were they last seen?Where were they last seen? How old are they?How old are they? Physical or mental handicapped?Physical or mental handicapped?

Side ASide A

Side CSide C

Search OrientationSearch Orientation

What methods are used to stay What methods are used to stay oriented?oriented? Left & Right Hand SearchLeft & Right Hand Search Search linesSearch lines

Used to anchor to objects that won’t moveUsed to anchor to objects that won’t move

How will partners stay in contact?How will partners stay in contact? Discuss landmarks (type of room or Discuss landmarks (type of room or

hazards)hazards) Voice contact in small room searchesVoice contact in small room searches Using tools, rope, or actual contactUsing tools, rope, or actual contact

Search Area SafetySearch Area Safety Evaluate structural stabilityEvaluate structural stability Evaluate for backdraft or flashover conditionsEvaluate for backdraft or flashover conditions Continue to reevaluate the operation’s safetyContinue to reevaluate the operation’s safety Determine Structure type, possibility of collapse, and Determine Structure type, possibility of collapse, and

life safety risk.life safety risk. Check integrity of the floor in front of you at all timesCheck integrity of the floor in front of you at all times Check overhead for high heat or flamesCheck overhead for high heat or flames Do not risk firefighter safety for victims who cannot Do not risk firefighter safety for victims who cannot

be savedbe saved If visibility is poor, consider ventilation before entryIf visibility is poor, consider ventilation before entry Always have a search plan prior to entry Always have a search plan prior to entry

Safe Search PriniciplesSafe Search Priniciples

CommunicationsCommunications With command, team members, attack With command, team members, attack

crewscrews AccountabilityAccountability

Look out for each otherLook out for each other Team WorkTeam Work Air SupplyAir Supply OrientationOrientation

Keep a mental picture of where you are.Keep a mental picture of where you are.

10 Commandments to Safe 10 Commandments to Safe Primary Search and RescuePrimary Search and Rescue

1.1. Search with a partnerSearch with a partner

2.2. Conduct a thorough size upConduct a thorough size up

3.3. Carry a tool and handlightCarry a tool and handlight

4.4. Use all of your PPEUse all of your PPE

5.5. Control the doorControl the door

6.6. Have a planHave a plan

7.7. Stay in contact with a wallStay in contact with a wall

8.8. Ensure people (IC) know where you areEnsure people (IC) know where you are

9.9. Monitor fire conditionsMonitor fire conditions

10.10. Remain orientedRemain oriented

Procedures for Procedures for Conduction S/RConduction S/R

What factors dictate location of What factors dictate location of Primary Search?Primary Search?

What area of a building are searched What area of a building are searched first?first?

What is the role of Thermal Imaging What is the role of Thermal Imaging in Primary & Secondary Search?in Primary & Secondary Search?

What are the limitations of TIC’s?What are the limitations of TIC’s?

Use Tools Rope Used to Extend Reach 1 Firefighter Oriented in Hall

Use tools to sweep under likelyHiding places. Sound the Floor TIC’s Save Time

Rescue Vs. RecoveryRescue Vs. Recovery

Primary SearchPrimary Search

Quick attempt to locate victims who Quick attempt to locate victims who are in danger.are in danger.

Time is criticalTime is critical Check all areas where victims might Check all areas where victims might

be.be. Rely on sight, sound, and touchRely on sight, sound, and touch Use hand tools to extend your reachUse hand tools to extend your reach Check probable areas that are tenable Check probable areas that are tenable

and safe for you to search quickly.and safe for you to search quickly.

Prioritizing Search Areas How do you

determine where a search will begin?

What areas will be searched first?

How is time of day a factor in your search?

What other factors are included in your decisions on where to search?

1. Most severely threatened

2. The largest numbers (groups)

3. Remainder of fire area

4. The exposed areas

Search PrioritiesSearch Priorities

What does the car tell you???

Vent – Enter - SearchVent – Enter - Search

VentilateVentilate Open up a small area of the structure as a Open up a small area of the structure as a

bedroom by opening a windowbedroom by opening a window EnterEnter

Through the window and proceed immediately Through the window and proceed immediately to the door and ensure the door is closed to to the door and ensure the door is closed to protect from fireprotect from fire

SearchSearch The room quickly and exit the way you came The room quickly and exit the way you came

into the roominto the room

V-E-S SafetyV-E-S Safety

Communicate with ICCommunicate with IC Always work with a partnerAlways work with a partner Watch out for fire spreadWatch out for fire spread Check integrity of room surface before Check integrity of room surface before

entryentry Have a hose line availableHave a hose line available Don’t enter too close to fire or in path Don’t enter too close to fire or in path

of fire spread unless you can exit of fire spread unless you can exit quickly.quickly.

Oriented Person Search Oriented Person Search MethodMethod

Emphasizes team search methodsEmphasizes team search methods Must have a predetermined plan and this must be Must have a predetermined plan and this must be

practiced before usepracticed before use This method is ideal for use when small rooms are This method is ideal for use when small rooms are

involvedinvolved Search leader remains Search leader remains oriented oriented to one place in to one place in

structurestructure On hose or rope lineOn hose or rope line In entry way to roomIn entry way to room In hallwayIn hallway

Oriented persons job is to guide the searching Oriented persons job is to guide the searching firefighter back to themfirefighter back to them

Searching firefighter will use traditional search Searching firefighter will use traditional search methods while working inside a roommethods while working inside a room Right hand, left hand, quick primary search sweepsRight hand, left hand, quick primary search sweeps

Traditional SearchTraditional Search

Search in teams of twoSearch in teams of two Remain in visual, voice, or physical contactRemain in visual, voice, or physical contact At least one team member must have a radio At least one team member must have a radio

and be in contact with the ICand be in contact with the IC Maintain contact with a wallMaintain contact with a wall Progress through structure on same wallProgress through structure on same wall Make turns in same direction to return to the Make turns in same direction to return to the

point that you entered from point that you entered from Notify IC when search of each area is Notify IC when search of each area is

completecomplete

Right Hand Search

Secondary SearchSecondary Search

Thorough search conducted after the Thorough search conducted after the situation is under control.situation is under control.

Locates victims not discovered in Locates victims not discovered in primary.primary.

Completed when conditions improve but Completed when conditions improve but may still present hazard. IDLH?may still present hazard. IDLH?

Slow and methodical covering all areasSlow and methodical covering all areas Use several teams of firefightersUse several teams of firefighters Include all areas of the building.Include all areas of the building.

Search ProgressSearch Progress

““All Clear” is given once primary and All Clear” is given once primary and secondary searches have been secondary searches have been completed.completed.

Mark rooms that have been searchedMark rooms that have been searched Give an example of a radio report Give an example of a radio report

after the primary search reveals no after the primary search reveals no victims?victims?

What actions need to be taken upon What actions need to be taken upon finding a victim?finding a victim?

ReviewReview

Describe 3 types of search patterns or Describe 3 types of search patterns or techniques.techniques.

What tools are used during primary What tools are used during primary searchsearch

Discuss the time of day and probabilities Discuss the time of day and probabilities factors relating to primary searchfactors relating to primary search

What landmarks can you use to help What landmarks can you use to help identify the basic layout of the interior of identify the basic layout of the interior of a astructure from the outside. Why is it a astructure from the outside. Why is it important?important?

QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?