SEA—Special English for Automobile CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system Review 1: What’s the function of Suspension system? Flexibly connect the wheels to the body Deliver the power and moment from the road to the body Damp out the spring oscillations quickly
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SEA — Special English for Automobile CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system Review 1: What’s the function of Suspension system? Flexibly connect the.
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SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension systemReview 1: What’s the function of Suspension system?
Review 1: What’s the function of Suspension system?
Flexibly connect the wheels to the body
Deliver the power and moment from the road to the body
Damp out the spring oscillations quickly
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
stabilizer bar
coil spring
trailing control
shock absorber
tie rod
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
The suspension covers the arrangement used to connect the wheels to the body. The purpose is to prevent large shocks, caused by the wheels striking bumps in the road, being passed to the vehicle occupants and components; otherwise discomfort and damage would occur.
The suspension system has two subsystems- the front suspension and the rear suspension. The front suspension is more complicated than the rear suspension. This is because the front wheels must move in several different directions. The wheels must move up and down with the suspension and turn left to right with the steering. Since the car goes in the direction in which the front wheels point, the alignment of the front wheels is important.
Poor alignment can make a car pull to one side and stop the front wheels from returning to the straight-ahead position after a turn.不正确的车轮定位参数会使汽车产生偏驶,阻止车轮在转向后回到直线行驶位置。
Review 2: What’s the function of Front Wheel Alignment Angles?
Review 2: What’s the function of Front Wheel Alignment Angles?
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
Camber 前轮倾角
Camber is the inclination of the wheel relative to the longitudinal vehicle plane, measured in the transverse plane of the vehicle. Positive camber means that the wheels are tilted further out at the top than at the bottom.
Positive camberNegative camber
Type of front wheel alignment angles
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
Toe - In 前轮前束 Toe-in specifies the
degree to which non-parallel front wheels are closer together at the front than at the rear; measured at the edges of the rims at the wheel center height.
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
S.A.I 主销内倾 Steering Axis Inclination
The kingpin angle is the inclination of the steering axis (kingpin) relative to the longitudinal plane, measured in the transverse plane of the vehicle.
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
Positive caster γCaster 主销倾角
Caster is specified as the angle by which the steering axis ( kingpin line ) deviates from the vertical when viewed from the side, or as that distance on the road surface by which the wheel contact point trails the point at which an extension of the steering axis meets the road surface.
negative caster
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
Review 3 : List the main types of Suspension SpringsReview 3 : List the main types of Suspension Springs
Coil SpringCoil Spring
Rubber SpringRubber Spring
Air SpringAir SpringTorsion BarTorsion Bar
Leaf Spring(laminated spring)
Leaf Spring(laminated spring)
Hydropneumatic SpringHydropneumatic Spring
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
coil spring 螺旋弹簧
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
卷 耳Spring ear
中心螺栓Center bolt
弹簧夹Rebound clap
Leaf spring 钢板弹簧
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
Leaf springs are made of long, flat pieces of metal clamped together to form a spring. The spring not only acts as a spring but also locates the axle. To overcome weakness at the mid-point of the main leaf, either the leaf is made thicker at the center or a series of leaves is used. Each leaf is shorter than the one directly above it.
Torsion bars normally connect to the car so that one end is fixed in place and the other attaches to a lever arm. When a force acts on the end of this lever arm, it bends up, causing the torsion bar to twist and absorb the force. When the force is released, the bar untwists to force the lever back to its original position.
Review 4: the function of shock absorberReview 4: the function of shock absorber
When a spring is compressed and then released it will oscillate for a period of time before coming to rest. Applied to a vehicle this action will cause a most uncomfortable ride. The purpose of a shock absorber is to absorb the energy stored in the spring and so reduce the time that the vehicle is bouncing.
Shock absorbers are filled with fluid. In operation, wheel movement causes the shock absorber to force this fluid through small openings (orifices). Since fluid can pass through restricted openings rather slowly, this puts a restraint on wheel and spring movement. The restraint imposed prevents excessive wheel movement. It also damps out the spring oscillations quickly after the hole or bump is passed.
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
Shock absorbers are filled with fluid. In operation, wheel movement causes the shock absorber to force this fluid through small openings (orifices). Since fluid can pass through restricted openings rather slowly, this puts a restraint on wheel and spring movement. The restraint imposed prevents excessive wheel movement. It also damps out the spring oscillations quickly after the hole or bump is passed.
Review 5: List the main types of Suspension system Review 5: List the main types of Suspension system
Independent SuspensionRigid Axle Suspension
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
Independent SuspensionIndependent Suspension
single transverse arm type(单横臂式)double transverse arm type(双横臂式)single trailing arm type(单纵臂式)double trailing arm type(双纵臂式)single oblique arm type(单斜臂式)sliding pillar type(烛式)MacPherson Strut type(麦弗逊式)multi-link type(多连杆式)
SEA—Special English for Automobile
CHAPTER 5 Steering and suspension system
Review 6 : List the main functions of tireReview 6 : List the main functions of tire
Absorb shocks resulting from irregularities in the road.
吸收来自不规则路面的振动.
Provide frictional contact between the wheels and the road so that good traction is secured. This permits the transmitting of power through the tires to the road for rapid accelerating, combats the tendency of the car to skid on turns and allows quick stops when the brakes are applied.
There are two basic types of tires- those with inner tubes and those without (called “tubeless” tires). Most modern automobile tires are of the tubeless type. Truck and bus tires are usually of the tube type.