Scope of Nursing Lecturer/ Hanaa Eisa Rawhia Salah.

Scope of Nursing Lecturer/ Hanaa Eisa

Rawhia Salah

Definition of Scope of practice

• It is defined by the “who,” “what,” “where,”

“when,” “why,” and “how” of nursing practice,

including advanced practice nursing.

• It refers to the range of roles, functions,

responsibilities and activities, which a nurse is

educated, competent, and has the authority to

perform

Learning outcome

After completing this chapter, the students will be

able to:

1. Identify four major areas within the scope of

nursing practice.

2. Explain the Settings for Nursing.

3. List Nursing activities

Nurses provide care for: Three types of

clients: individuals, families, and communities.

B. Nursing practice involves four areas:

1. Promoting health and wellness

2. Preventing illness

3. Restoring health

4.Care of the dying.

A. Types of clients

1. Health Promoting and Wellness

1. Health Promoting

It is a science and art of helping people change their life styles toward optimal health and enjoy life to the fullest associated with wellness behavior rather than disease preventive one.

1. Health Promoting and Wellness

1. Wellness

It is an active process of becoming aware

of and making choices toward a more

successful existence of health

• Nurses promote wellness in clients who are both

healthy and ill.

• The nurse should motivate individual and

community to engage in healthy behaviors and

considering beliefs and experiences of them to plan

appropriate care and education.

Promoting Health and Wellness cont’d

Nursing activities

1. Improving nutrition and physical fitness

2. Preventing drug and alcohol misuse

3. Restricting smoking

4. Preventing accidents & injury in the

home and workplace.

Promoting Health and Wellness cont’d

Examples:

2. Preventing Illness

The goal is providing specific protection against disease to prevent its occurrence and to maintain optimal health.

1. Immunizations

2. Prenatal and infant care

3. Prevention of sexually transmitted disease.

Nursing activities

3. Restoring Health

• Focuses on the ill client and it extends from

early detection of disease through helping the

client during the recovery period.

1. Providing direct care to the ill person, such as

administering medications, baths, and specific

procedures and treatments.

2. Performing diagnostic and assessment

procedures (screening) , such as measuring blood

pressure and examining feces for occult blood.

Nursing activities

3. Restoring Health

3. Consulting with other health care professionals

about client problems.

4. Teaching clients about recovery activities to

minimize disease effect and prevent further

disability. Theses activities are exercises that

will accelerate recovery after a stroke.

3. Restoring Health

Nursing activities

5. Rehabilitating is the process that achieves

adaptation with health condition and prevent

further dysfunction

Nursing activities

3. Restoring Health

This area of nursing practice involves

comforting and caring for people of all ages

who are dying. It includes helping clients live

as comfortably as possible until death and

helping support person cope with death.

4. Care of the Dying

C. Healthcare Settings for Nursing

In the past

The acute care hospital was the main practice setting open to most nurses.

Today many nurses work in

Hospitals, but increasingly they work in clients homes ,Community agencies

Ambulatory clinics , Long-term care, Health Maintenance Organization (HMOs), and Nursing practice centers.

• Nurses have different degree of nursing

autonomy &nursing responsibility in the various

settings. They may provide direct care, teach

clients and support persons, serve as nursing

advocates and agents of change, and help

determine health policies affecting consumers

in the community and in hospitals.

D. Role of nurse

Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice

• Establishing and implementing standards of

practice are major functions of a professional

organization. The standards:

• Reflect the values and priorities of the nursing

profession.

• Provide direction for professional nursing practice.

• Provide a framework for the evaluation of nursing practice.

• Define the profession's accountability to the public and client outcomes for which nurses are responsible.

(ANA) Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice:

1. Assessment: the nurse collects patient health data.

2. Diagnosis: the nurse analyzes the assessment data in determining diagnoses.

3. Outcome identification: The nurse identifies expected outcomes individualized to the patient.

4. Planning: the nurse develops a plan of care that prescribes interventions to attain expected outcomes.

5. Implementation: the nurse implements the interventions identified in the plan of care.

6. Evaluation: the nurse evaluates the patients progress toward attainment of outcomes.