Scientist

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P.T.S Project for school,N.P.Pulasthi Thejan

Nugawela,Grade 9-7,

Ananda College,Colombo 10.

Content• Michel Faraday• Albert Einstein• Thomas Alva Edison• Archimedes• Alexander Fleming • Marie Curie• Galileo Galilei• Johannes Kepler• Alexander Graham Bell

Michel Faraday

Details of Michel Faraday

• Name Michael Faraday • Born 22 September 1791(1791-09-22)• Birth Place Newington Butts, Surrey, England• Died 25 August 1867 (aged 75)• Died Place Hampton Court, Surrey, England• Residence England• Nationality British• Fields Physics and chemistry• Institutions Royal Institution

• Michael Faraday, FRS (22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English chemist and physicist (or natural philosopher, in the terminology of the time) who contributed to the fields of electromagnetism and electrochemistry.

• Faraday studied the magnetic field around a conductor carrying a DC electric current. While conducting these studies, Faraday established the basis for the electromagnetic field concept in physics, subsequently enlarged upon by James Maxwell. He similarly discovered electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, and laws of electrolysis.

• He established that magnetism could affect rays of light and that there was an underlying relationship between the two phenomena.[1][2] His inventions of electromagnetic rotary devices formed the foundation of electric motor technology, and it was largely due to his efforts that electricity became viable for use in technology.

Albert Einstein

• Born 14 March 1879(1879-03-14)

• Born Town Ulm, Kingdom of Württemberg, German Empire

• Died 18 April 1955 (aged 76)

• Princeton, New Jersey, USA

• Resting placeGrounds of the Institute for Advanced s study Princeton, New Jersey.

• Residence Germany, Italy, Switzerland, USA

Albert’s Signature

• Citizenship • * Württemberg/Germany (until 1896)• * Stateless (1896–1901)• * Switzerland (from 1901)• * Austria (1911–12)• * Germany (1914–33)• * Albania (from 1935)[1]• * United States (from 1940)[2]

• Alma mater • * ETH Zurich• * University of Zurich

• Known for • * General relativity• * Special relativity• * Photoelectric effect• * Brownian motion• * Mass-energy equivalence• * Einstein field equations• * Unified Field Theory• * Bose–Einstein statistics

• Spouse • * Mileva Marić (1903–1919)• * Elsa Löwenthal, née Einstein, (1919–1936)

• Awards • * Nobel Prize in Physics (1921)• * Copley Medal (1925)• * Max Planck Medal (1929)• * Time Person of the Century

Thomas Alva Edison

• Name Thomas Alva Edison• Born February 11, 1847(1847-02-11)• Born Town Milan, Ohio, United States• Died October 18, 1931 (aged 84)• Dead place West Orange, New Jersey, United

s States• Occupation Inventor, scientist, businessman• Religion Deist

• Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931) was an American inventor, scientist, and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Dubbed "The Wizard of Menlo Park" (now Edison, New Jersey) by a newspaper reporter

• He was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production and large teamwork to the process of invention, and therefore is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.[1]

• Edison is considered one of the most prolific inventors in history, holding 1,093 US patents in his name, as well as many patents

Archimedes

• Born c. 287 BC

• Born Town Syracuse, Sicily

• Died c. 212 BC (aged around 75)

• Died at Syracuse

• Residence Syracuse, Sicily

• Fields Mathematics, Physics, e ngle Engineering, Astronomy, e efef Invention

• Known for Archimedes' Principle, a Archimedes' screw,

• Archimedes of Syracuse (Greek: Ἀρχιμήδης; c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC) was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity.

• Among his advances in physics are the foundations of hydrostatics, statics and an explanation of the principle of the lever. He is credited with designing innovative machines, including siege engines and the screw pump that bears his name. Modern experiments have tested claims that Archimedes designed machines capable of lifting attacking ships out of the water and setting ships on fire using an array of mirrors.[1]

• Archimedes is generally considered to be the greatest mathematician of antiquity and one of the greatest of all time.[2][3] He used the method of exhaustion to calculate the area under the arc of a parabola with the summation of an infinite series, and gave a remarkably accurate approximation of pi.

• He also defined the spiral bearing his name, formulae for the volumes of surfaces of revolution and an ingenious system for expressing very large numbers.

• Archimedes died during the Siege of Syracuse when he was killed by a Roman soldier despite orders that he should not be harmed.

Alexander Fleming

• Born 6 August 1881(1881-08-06)• Born Town Lochfield, Scotland• Died 11 March 1955 (aged 73)• Died at London, England• Citizenship United Kingdom• Nationality Scottish• Fields acteriology, immunology• Alma mater Royal Polytechnic Institution• Known for Discovery of penicillin• Notable awards Nobel Prize in Physiology

Marie Curie

• Born 7 November 1867(1867-11-07)• Born Town Warsaw, Vistula Land, Russia• Died 4 July 1934 (aged 66)• Died Town Passy, France• Citizenship Russian, later French• Nationality Polish• Fields Pysics, chemistry• Institutions University of Paris• Alma mater University of Paris• Doctoral advisor Henri Becquerel• Doctoral students André-Louis Debierne

• Marie Skłodowska Curie (7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934) was a Polish-born French physicist and chemist famous for her work on radioactivity. She was a pioneer in the field of radioactivity and the first person honored with two Nobel Prizes[1]—in physics and chemistry. She was also the first female professor at the University of Paris.

• She was born Maria Skłodowska in Warsaw (then in Vistula Land, Russian Empire; now in Poland) and lived there until she was twenty-four. In 1891 she followed her older sister Bronisława to study in Paris, where she obtained her higher degrees and conducted her subsequent scientific work.

• She founded the Curie Institutes in Paris and Warsaw. Her husband Pierre Curie shared her Nobel prize in physics. Her daughter Irène Joliot-Curie and son-in-law, Frédéric Joliot-Curie, also shared a Nobel prize. She was the sole winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, and she is the only woman to win the award in two different fields.

Galileo Galilei

• Born 15 February 1564(1564-02-15)[1]• Born Town Duchy of Florence, Italy• Died 8 January 1642 (aged 77)[1]• Died at Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Italy• Residence Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Italy• Nationality Italian (Tuscan)• Fields stronomy, physics and maths• Institutions University of Pisa• University of Padua• Alma mater University of Pisa

• His father was the musician Vincenzo Galilei. His mistress was Marina Gamba (1570 – August 21, 1612?) was mother of Maria Celeste (Virginia 1600–1634) and Livia (1601–1659), who were nuns, and son Vincenzo (1606–1649) a lutenist. Gamba later married Giovanni Bartoluzzi.

• Galileo Galilei (Italian pronunciation: 15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642) was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution.

Johannes Kepler

• Born December 27, 1571(1571-12-27)• Born Town Weil der Stadt near Stuttgart,• Died November 15, 1630 (aged 58)• Died at Regensburg, Bavaria, Germany• Residence Württemberg; Styria; Bohemia;

Austria• Fields Astronomy, astrology,

mathematics and v natural philosophy• Institutions University of Linz• Alma mater University of Tübingen• Known for Kepler's laws of planetary motion

Alexander Graham Bell

• Born March 3, 1847• Born Town Edinburgh, Scotland, UK• Died August 2, 1922 (aged 75)• Died At Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia,Canada• Cause of death Diabetes• Education University of Edinburgh• University College London• Occupation Inventor, Scientist, Engineer• Professor (Boston University)• Teacher of the deaf

• Alexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was an eminent scientist, inventor, engineer and innovator who is credited with inventing the first practical telephone.

• Bell's father, grandfather, and brother had all been associated with work on elocution and speech, and both his mother and wife were deaf, profoundly influencing Bell's life's work.

• His research on hearing and speech further led him to experiment with hearing devices which eventually culminated in Bell being awarded the first U.S. patent for the telephone in 1876.

• In retrospect, Bell considered his most famous invention an intrusion on his real work as a scientist and refused to have a telephone in his study.

THE END

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• Special Thank To Mr.Duminda JayasundaraP.T.S. Teacher InchargeAnanda collegeColombo 10