CHAPTER 2 CELL AS A UNIT OF LIFE Identify cell as the basic unit of living things Use a microscope Identify drawing and labeling general structure of cell Comparing between animal cells and plant cells Explain the function of each cell structure 2.1 WHAT IS CELL?
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CHAPTER 2
CELL AS A UNIT OF LIFE
Identify cell as the basic unit of living things
Use a microscope
Identify drawing and labeling general structure of cell
Comparing between animal cells and plant cells
Explain the function of each cell structure
2.1 WHAT IS CELL?
WHAT IS CELL?
A cell is the basic unit of all living things
The cell structures can be observed by using a microscope
Plant cells and animal cells differ in their shapes and
functions
Plant Cell Animal cell
Cell Membrane
Cell wall
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Similarities & Differences
Plant cell Differences Animal Cell
Has cell wall Cell wall None
Definite shape Shape Indefinite shape
Usually large vacuole Vacuole Usually has no vacuole
Has Chloroplast Chloroplast None
Plant cell Similarities Animal Cell
Both have :
»Cell membrane
»Cytoplasm
»Nucleus
Functions of Cell structures :
CELL
STRUCTURES
FUNCTIONS
Cell Membrane Controls the movement of materials in
and out of the cell
Cytoplasm Allows chemical reactions to take place
Nucleus Controls all cellular activities. It contains
genetic information
Cell Wall Maintains the shape of the cell
Vacuole Contains cell sap. Cell sap is a liquid
with dissolved substances such as
sugar and salt
CHAPTER 2
CELL AS A UNIT OF LIFE
State the meaning of unicellular organisms and multicellular
organisms
Provide examples of multicellular and unicellular organisms
2.2 UNICELLULAR & MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
WHAT IS….?
An unicellular organism consist of only one cell each.
The only one cell does all the body functions to keep them
alive.
Examples of unicellular organisms are :
Amoeba, Paramecium, euglena and zooplankton.
Paramecium Amoeba Euglena
A multicellular organism consist of many cells.
Examples of multicellular organisms are :
Butterfly, ant, hydra and spirogyra
WHAT IS….?
A multicellular organism consist of many cells.
Examples of multicellular organisms are :
Butterfly, ant, hydra and spirogyra
Mucor Spyrogira
CHAPTER 2
CELL AS A UNIT OF LIFE
Name different types of human cells
State the function of different types of human cells
Arrange sequentially cell organization from simple to complex
2.3 Cell Organaisation In The Body
WHAT IS….?Human being is a multicellular organism. There are many different
types of cells in our human body.
Different cells perform different functions. Some of the
examples are given below.
Shape of cell Type of cell Function
Red Blood cell Transport oxygen
throughout the body
Muscle cell To allow movements of the
body
Shape of cell Type of cell Function
White Blood cell Kill germs that invade body
Sperm Fertilizes the ovum in sexual
reproduction
Nerve cell
(neuron)
Conveys messages
throughout the body
Organisation of human cells
Organism
Cell
Tissue
Organs
Systems
A group of similar cells that
perform the same function
A group of different tissues that
carry out a certain function
Several different organs
connected to one another and
perform a particular function form
a system
Human Body Systems
Function Secretes hormone to maintain
activities of body
Associated
Organs
Pituitary glands, Thyroid glands,
pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries
and testes
Function Breaks down food materials for
absorption by the body
Associated
Organs
Mouth, oesophagus, stomach and
small intestines
Digestive system Endocrine System
Human Body Systems
Function Provides support to the
body,maintains the shape of the
body, protects internal organs and
allow body movements
Associated
Organs
Bones and cartilages
Function Coordinates activities of the body
Associated
Organs
Brain, spinal cord and nerve fibres
Nervous System Skeletal System
Human Body Systems
Function Moves parts of the body
Associated
Organs
Muscles and tendons
Function Transports nutrients, oxygen and
excretory products
Associated
Organs
Heart, veins and arteries
Blood circulatory system Muscular System
Human Body Systems
Function Removes excretory products from
the body
Associated
Organs
Lungs, skin, kidneys and urinary
bladder
Function Takes in oxygen and removes
carbon dioxide. Oxidizes food to
produce energy
Associated
Organs
Nose, trachea, lungs, diaphragm
Respiratory system Excretory System
Human Body Systems
Function Give birth to babies
Associated
Organs
Man : Testes and penis
Woman : Ovaries, uterus, vagina
Reproductive system
CHAPTER 2
CELL AS A UNIT OF LIFE
Explain why human beings are complex organisms
2.4 The Human Being – a complex Organism
WHAT IS….?
Human beings are considered complex organism. Human
cells are organized into tissues, organs and systems.
Human cells are specialized. They perform certain specific
functions only.
With the proper organization of cells, life processes can be
carried out affectively.
SMK Perempuan Likas
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