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Materials required for examination Items included with question papersRuler, pencil and eraser Nil
Instructions to CandidatesIn the boxes above, write your centre number, candidate number, your surname, initial(s), the paper reference and your signature.The paper references are shown above. Write the one for which you have been entered. Check that you have the correct question paper.Answer ALL the questions in the spaces provided in this question paper.Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.Calculators may be used.
Information for CandidatesThe total mark for this paper is 50. The marks for parts of questions are shown in round brackets: e.g. (2).There are 16 pages in this question paper. All blank pages are indicated.
Advice to CandidatesWrite your answers neatly and in good English.
1. The diagrams show pieces of apparatus you would need to use in some biology investigations.
Complete the table to show the apparatus you would use in each investigation.
Write one letter in each box. The first one has been done for you.
Investigation
To find out the size of a plant cell
To find out the total number of flowers in a field
To find out if plants bend towards the light
To find out if water snails produce carbon dioxide
To find out if body temperature increases during exercise
Letter of apparatus
E
Q1
(Total 4 marks)
A quadrat
C bottle ofhydrogencarbonate
indicator
E microscope
B thermometer
D stopwatch
F light bulb
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2. A farmer had some wheat seeds that were 20 years old. He wanted to know if age has an effect on germination of wheat seeds. He asked some students in a local school if they could find out the answer.
The students obtained wheat seeds of different ages. They put ten seeds of each age onto wet cotton wool in dishes. The seeds were left to germinate for five days and the results are shown in the drawings.
4-year old seeds
12-year old seeds
20-year old seeds
1-year old seeds
8-year old seeds
16-year old seeds
Key
= germinated seed
= seed not germinated
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(a) (i) Use the information in the drawings to complete the table below. The first one has been done for you.
(2)
(ii) The students also produced a table showing the percentage of seeds that had germinated. This table is shown below, but is not complete.
Complete the table by calculating the percentage germination for 12-year-old seeds. Put your answer into the empty box in the table.
(1)
Age of wheat seedsin years
Number ofgerminated seeds
Number of seedsnot germinated
1 9 1
4
8
12
16
20
Age of wheat seedsin years Percentage of seeds that germinated (%)
1 90
4 90
8 80
12
16 10
20 0
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(iii) On the grid plot a line graph to show how the percentage of seeds that germinated changed with the age of the seeds.
(5)
(iv) What advice should the students give to the farmer about using his 20-year-old seeds? Explain your answer.
3. Some students read that maggots move away from light. They thought this behaviour would help maggots move deeper into the dead bodies of animals.
To investigate this idea they placed 30 maggots in a dish with a lid. The left hand side of the lid was dark. The right hand side of the lid was clear and so let light in. The diagram below shows a section through the apparatus.
The students left the apparatus for 10 minutes. Then they counted the number of maggots in each side.
The diagrams below show a view of the apparatus from above, at the start of the investigation and after 10 minutes.
(a) (i) Give one way that the experiment was set up as a fair test.
(c) Describe how the students could modify the apparatus to set up a control for this investigation to be sure the results were only due to the effect of light on the maggots.
4. A student wanted to find out how change in temperature affected the rate of carbon dioxide production by yeast during anaerobic respiration. He used the apparatus below to measure 30 cm3 of a glucose solution.
(a) (i) What is the name of the piece of apparatus?
(c) To measure the rate of carbon dioxide production at different temperatures the apparatus was put into a water bath that could be set up at different temperatures. The results are shown on the graph.
(i) Describe how the rate of carbon dioxide production changed with temperature as shown by the graph.
(ii) It is known that enzymes in yeast break down glucose and release carbon dioxide during anaerobic respiration. Use your biological knowledge to explain the results shown on the graph.
(d) Suggest how the students could extend and improve this investigation to obtain a more accurate idea of the temperature that produces the most carbon dioxide gas.
5. A student used a potometer to study loss of water from a leafy shoot. She compared the loss of water in still air and in windy conditions.
The diagram shows how the apparatus was set up.
She measured the distance in mm moved by the bubble in five minutes. She took four readings in still air and four readings in windy conditions. Her rough notes of the results are shown below.
rubber tube
leafy shoot
water
air bubble
capillary tube
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(a) (i) In the space below draw a table with suitable headings and put her results into your table.
(4)
(ii) Describe how she calculated her average (mean) result for still air.