1 Chapter 1. Solids, Liquids and Gases Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Generally, it may be in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas. Lesson 1. Characteristics of Solids Activity 1. What are the characteristics of solids? Objectives a. Name different solids b. Group the solids according to their observable characteristics c. Describe the different solids based on their characteristics: color, shape, size and texture Materials Different objects Procedure 1. Visit a place in the school. 2. Each group will collect 10 objects in solid form. 3. Observe each object. Record your observations in your notebook. a) list the objects you collected based on the observations, 4. In the chart, name the object under its description. Small big Other observation rough smooth Other observation
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Chapter 1. Solids, Liquids and Gases
Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Generally, it may be in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas.
Lesson 1. Characteristics of Solids
Activity 1. What are the characteristics of solids?
Objectives
a. Name different solids
b. Group the solids according to their observable
characteristics
c. Describe the different solids based on their
characteristics: color, shape, size and texture
Materials
Different objects
Procedure
1. Visit a place in the school.
2. Each group will collect 10 objects in solid form.
3. Observe each object. Record your observations in your
notebook.
a) list the objects you collected based on the
observations,
4. In the chart, name the object under its description.
Small big Other
observation
rough smooth Other
observation
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Round square Other
observations
Black white Other
observations
Questions
What different objects did you see in the _______
( garden, front yard, backyard, other gardens)?
Can you name the objects ?
Can you describe the objects?
What are your observations on the solids?
Can you tell if these solids are hard, soft, rough, smooth,
round, square, colored, black, white? How?
Did you touch the solids? Are the solids of the same color?
size? shape? Are they different?
How will you group the different solids? What are your bases?
What are the characteristics of solids based from your
observations?
Activity2. What are the colors of solids?
Objectives
a. Name solids of different colors
b. Group different solids based on their colors
c. Describe different solids based on their colors
Materials
Boxes of solids (real solids)
Procedure
1. Form a group of 5.
2. Get a box from the teacher.
3. Observe the different solids from the box.
4. Record your observations on your notebook using the chart
below:
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Name of solid Color
5. In Chart B, group the solids according to color.
Group / Color Solids
Group 1
Color_________
Group 2
Color_________
Group 3
Color__________
Questions
Can you name and tell the color of the objects?
What are the objects in the box?
Can you describe the appearance of each solid?
Can you name each object and give its specific color?
Are the solids of the same color? different colors?
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Activity 3. Shapely solids
Objectives
a. Name solids of different shapes
b. Group different solids based on their shapes
c. Describe the shapes of different solids
Materials
Empty boxes, real solids
Procedure
1. Observe the solids given to your group. Tell something
about the solids. Record your observations.
2. Make a list of the solids. Name each solid.
3. Share your observations with the members of your group.
Make agreements on the shape of the solids.
4. Each group will show the solid to the class before putting
each solid in its proper box.
BOX A
ROUND
BOX B
OVAL
BOX B
RECTANGLE
BOX D
SQUARE
BOX E
TRIANGLE
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Questions
1. Can you name the different solids?
What are these solids?
2. What different shapes of solids did you observe?
3. What characteristic of solids is shown in the activity?
Activity 4. Do solids have same or different sizes?
Objectives
a. Name solids of different sizes
b. Group different solids based on their size
c. Measure accurately the size of a solid
Materials
2 solids of the same kind, ruler
Procedure
1. Bring out and name the solids you brought.
2. Tell something about them. Record your observations.
Share observations among your classmates.
3. Group the solids according to size and put them in their
proper places on the table.
4. Describe the size of the different solids. Record in your
notebook.
5. Get your ruler and measure the length and the width of
the 2 solids you brought to class. Record your
measurements.
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Questions
Can you tell if the solid is big or small, long or short, fat or
thin? How can you tell?
Did you put the solids on the correct table? What are your
bases in grouping the solids?
How did you measure the solids? What is the length of your
solid? the width/
Activity 5. Texture Hunt
Objectives
a. Name solids of different textures
b. Group different solids based on their texture
c. Describe different solids based on texture
Materials
Different solids (sponge, wooden stick, sandpaper,
cardboard, plastic cup, others)
Checklist of different solids inside the room
Procedure
1. As a group, walk around the room. Look for different
solids.
2. Touch each solid. Observe safety measures.
In your notebook:
a. name the solids correctly
b. tell something about the solids
c. share your hunt to the class
3. Copy the checklist in your notebook. Put a check mark on
the correct texture of each solid.
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Checklist of Solids inside the Room
Name Texture
smooth rough soft hard Other
observations
Sand
sandpaper
Stone
cardboard
Plastic cup
Drinking glass
Rock
Pebbles
Shell
Marble
Cotton
Questions
What solids in the room are smooth, rough, soft, hard?
Will you name them?
How many solids did you hunt? Can you describe
the solids?
Can you describe the solids as hard or soft, rough or smooth?
How can you tell?
What characteristic of solids was shown in the activity?
Are the solids of the same texture? different textures? Can
you give examples?
Lesson 2. Characteristics of Liquids
Activity 1. Liquids around us
Objectives
a. Name different liquids
b. Describe the liquids based on their observable
characteristics
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Materials
glass of water, soda in a bottle, condensed milk in can,
shampoo in a sachet, soup in a bowl, milk in a cup
Big pictures of liquids
Procedure
1. Examine the materials that your teacher gave you.
2. In your notebook, write the name of the materials. Tell
whether they are solids or liquids.
Questions
Can you name the materials for the activity? What are they?
Which are solids? Liquids? Will you describe the solids?
Which are liquids? Where did you see the liquids?
How were you able to tell that liquids are in the containers?
What are other liquids around us? In school, at home, in the
community?
Can you describe the liquids?
Activity 2. Do liquids take the shape of their containers?
Objective
Describe the shapes of liquids in different containers
Materials
Empty containers of different shapes
Different liquids in different containers
Procedure
1. Given the materials, examine each, then
a. describe the shapes of the different containers
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b. describe the shapes of liquids in their containers
c. Record your observations
2. Pour a liquid into an empty container. Do it again with the
other liquids. Observe the container of the liquid and the
container where it is being poured into. Record your
observations.
Questions
Do the liquids take the shape of their containers?
Do liquids take the space in the containers? Why?
Did you observe the shapes of liquids in the different
containers? What did you notice?
What characteristic of liquids did you learn from the
activity?
Activity3. Smell and Taste Tests
Objective
Describe the taste and smell or odor of different liquids.
Materials
Rubbing alcohol, catsup, fruit juice, vinegar, perfume, soy
sauce, water, baby oil
Procedure
1. Given the materials,
a. name the materials. Make a list
b. group the liquids for tasting, another group for smelling
CAUTION: Some liquids are NOT FOR TASTING
2. Taste each liquid for tasting by scooping few drops from
their containers using your own clean teaspoon. Record
your observations.
3. Smell each liquid for smelling by bringing the open
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container near your nose. Record your observations.
CAUTION. DO NOT smell the liquid too close to your
nose.
4. Prepare Charts A and B in your notebook. Describe each
liquid by putting a check mark of the taste , smell or odor.
CHART A. TASTE TEST CHART
Liquids Taste
sour sweet bitter salty
Catsup
Fruit juice
Vinegar
Soy sauce
Water
Tamarind
Sugar
Ampalaya
Other liquids. . .
. (can be )
CHART B. SMELL / ODOR CHART
Liquids Smell / Odor
Good Bad
Rubbing alcohol
Perfume
Glue
Baby Oil
Questions
Did the liquids have the same taste? Different taste?
Can you group the liquids based on their taste? How?
Which liquids are sour, sweet, bitter, salty?
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How were you able to describe the different liquids?
Can we say that another characteristic of a liquid is its
taste?
How were you able to describe the smell or odor of
the liquids?
Can you group the liquids based on their smell or odor?
Which liquids have good smell? Bad smell?
What other liquids have same good smell? Bad smell?
Can you say that a characteristic of a liquid is its smell/
odor? Make a statement.
Activity 4. How do liquids flow?
Objective
Describe how liquids flow from one container to another