Autumn fmmunoloov :Y- Conference 2OlO 17. Inflammaory Processes II 179 Icelandic ash from the Eyjafjallajokull volcano alters eJveolarmacrophage phenotype Lmda S. Powers, Gunnar Gudmundsson,Anna Reisetter, Jonas Bairusaitis. Vicki Grassian,Martha M. Monick L-nnersin qf lowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, L'ntred States Erposure to particulates,including cigarette smoke and enrirwmsntal polhrtants, alters macrophage function. To et-alure particulates from the recent volcanic eruption at the Ellafallajokull volcano in Iceland, ash was collected from three different sites proximal to the volcano. Elemental analysis shos'ed metal aggregateswithin the ash particles and a decrease in Cr and Ni amounts with increasing distance from the source. I-n ash exposedmacrophages, electron microscopy showed phagocytosisand sequestration ofash within vesicles. Endolytic vesicles containing ash particulate matter were douBle walled, consistent with autophagosomes. LC3-II protein levels, a marker of autophagosomes, were increased. All three particles increased phosphorylation of eIF2a, a stress marker that signals lowered protein translation rates. In conclusion, alveolar macrophages responded to ash exposureby phagocytosing small particles and delivering them to autophagosomes, contributing to altered signaling cascades. This work suggests that inhalation of volcanic particulate matter may alter the ability of alveolar macrophages to maintain a pathogen free lung. Funding source: NIH R01HL079901, NIH R01HL07743 I and NCRR 3 ULI RR024979 ,r r80 The Role of Pro-inflammatoryCltokines and the Vascular EndothelialGrowth Factor and its Receptors in influencing LJmphangiogenesis in Filarial and Cancer Subjects - Magapu Solomon Sudhakar', Sruthi Chandran', Divya Oppath Sivasankaranl, Subash Babu Subbaraman 2, K. Alaalasundrum3 ' Raj alalrshmi Engineering College,Thandalam, Department of Biotechnology, CHENNAI, India, "SAlC-Frederick Inc., Clinical Monitoring Res earch Program, Chennai, India, 3 Government General Hospital,Plastic Surgery Depdrtment, Chennai, India Filarialparasites affect the lives ofmillions ofpeople, especially those living in tropical countries. Cytokines canenhance immunogenicity andpromotetumor regression. Likewise, the role ofthe lymphaticsystem in lynrphaticdiseases hasreceived renewed interest dueto the discovery of lynrphaticmarkers such as VEGF-C, VEGF-D andtheir receptor VEGFR-3.VEGFs influencelymphangiogeneisis andpromotetumor regression. Our preliminaryresults showthat the level of expression of ILI is the same in both filarial and cancer patients. TNFa levelsremained low in both within andamong filarial and cancer populations. IL- 6levelswerehigh in cancer patients compared to its level in filarial patients. In addition,we found VEGF-D hasa higher levelofexpression in cancer subjects thanin filarial cases. VEGFR-I showed lower expression in filarial patients while VEGFR-2expression levelsremained the same among filarial andcancer patients. ... til"t'";;tffJ#?il,:l}1: 181 T cell tralficking along a highly organized mucosal dendritic cell network CassieXul, Yuelei Shenr, Dan R Littman3, Michael L Dustin3, Peter Yelazquezt2 t tUstti-SA, Micro/Immuno, South Bend, (Jnited States,2Notre Dame, Bio Sci,Notre Dame, [.]nitedStates,'NYU-SoM, Skirball Inst., NY, United States The gut associated lymphoid tissue maintains homeostasis with ! enteric flora while remaining primed to mount a protective response against pathogens. Many studies have utilized intravital microscopic approaches to describe regulation of immunity in secondary lymphoid organs. Fewer have examined immune regulation at effector sites.Here, we develop surgical approaches to apply intravital microscopy to the intestinal mucosa. Using animals with a targeted replacementof a single allele of cx3crl with egfu, we report a highly ordeied mucosal dendritic cell network which colocalizes with non-hematopoietic elements. DCs within the network actively probe the surrounding microenvironment while DC trafficking is not seen during homeostasis. Effector and regulatory Tcell populations actively migrate through tissue, albeit with distinct behavior. Together, this study highlights the extent and dynamic nature ofthe mucosal pC network and suggests the presence of a mucosal *highway" which facilitates interaction between DCs and, effector and regulatory T cells. Current studies are aimed at identiffing the contribution of mucosal DCs and non-hematopoietic cells to homeostaticT cell traffickine. Notes: Page 59