Scania E-mobility - · PDF fileScania E-mobility-batteries and fuel cells 30 March 2017, Lund University Hedvig Paradis Electrification and Hybrid Powertrain Research and Development

Scania E-mobility- batteries and fuel cells

30 March 2017, Lund University

Hedvig ParadisElectrification and Hybrid PowertrainResearch and Development

2017-03-30

Who am i?

• MSc Mechanical Engineering, LTH

• PhD Heat transfer, LTH and UC Berkeley

• Simulation engineer, Scania

• Project manager, Scania

Hedvig Paradis, Electric and Hybrid Technology, Scania

My research - Sketch porous parts of SOFC

My Research- Porous domain in 3D

Introduction of Euro 6 engines

Export started New Strategy

125 yearsof history

1891 18971900

19111920

1930

First industrial engine

First busBankruptcy

Buses main product

Scania established in Malmö

Company founded

First car

First truck

1902

Last red figures

19341940s1950s

Factory in 1957Brazil

1964Netherlands1976

Argentina

1992 France

1993 Poland

1995 Mexico

20002007

2010

2015

Factory in St Petersburg

Scania present in India

New R-series is “Truck of the year”

2011

100 years since the first bus delivery

Truck factory in India

Bus factory in India

Launch Streamline and Euro 6 engines

2013

Launch Next Generation Scania

2016

1905

Scania at a glimpse

Buses

6,779Trucks

69,762

Engines

8,485

2017-03-30 Hedvig Paradis, Electric and Hybrid Technology, Scania 8

Three heavy duty Vehilces arenas with very different needs

Flows in and between cities

Flows in the processing

industry

Logisticsflows


2016

At RoD3,500 employees

500 consultants

Turnover: ~MSEK 6,900.

R&D investments 2002-2015~SEK 400 MSEK / year

10

Electric and hybrid powertrain technology

Energy storage and Fuel cells

Electric machines and Power electronics

Project and VehicleCoordination

System functionality

Performance and System Integration


Our approach to sustainable transport

Smartertransport

Energy efficiency

Alternative fuels and

electrification


DISRUPTIVE TRENDS THAT WILL TRANSFORM OUR INDUSTRY

AUTONOMOUSCONNECTED ELECTRIFIED

2017-03-30 15

How to bridge the gap


ELECTRIFICATION


• LBG low blended with hydrogen

• Electro fuel

• Biofuel hybrid

• Electric with batteries

• Electric with fuel cell and hydrogen

• Electrified road

• Biodiesel and HVO

• Biodiesel and HVO hybrid

• Biogas

• Ethanol

• LNG

Sustainable technologies

Today tomorrow


Electrified transport

BEVeRoadHEV

InductivePHEV

HEVintro 2014

HEVIntro 2015

Implementation OF new technology

Infra-structure

Vehicles Legislation


Electric road

23

Electric road

Wireless FAST charging25

BATTERies AND Fuel CELLS


• A fuel cell (FC) is a device that continuously converts the chemical energy from a hydrogen based fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction with an oxidizing agent

• In a battery the chemicals present in the battery react with each other to generate electricity

28

Fundamental difference betweenfuel cells and batteries

Energy storages


EDLCNiMH

Li-Ion Post Li-Ion


Lithium-ion battery cell format


Cylindrical Prismatic

Pros:•Cost•Established production•Mechanical integrity •Chemical integrity•Overpressure handling

Pros:•Heat distribution•Mechanical integrity •Chemical integrity•Packing in modules

http://www.a123systems.com/ http://www.hitachi.com/New/cnews/090519a.html

Pouch

Pros:•Heat distribution•Packing in modules•Cost•Weight

http://www.buya123batteries.com/ANR26650_Lithium_Ion_Cylindrical_Cell_p/300475-305.htm

http://www.buya123batteries.com/ANR26650_Lithium_Ion_Cylindrical_Cell_p/300475-305.htm

//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Nissan_Li-ion_Battery_(used_on_Leaf)_in_Tokyo_Motor_Show_2009.jpg

//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Nissan_Li-ion_Battery_(used_on_Leaf)_in_Tokyo_Motor_Show_2009.jpg

Lithium-ion battery cell size


Small Large

Pros:•Low cost•Availability•Uniform temperature distribution•Distributed energy

Pros:•Lower number of cells•Less parallel coupled cells•Less supervision electronics

Battery cell – type of usage


Power optimized Energy optimized

Pros:•High power density•Cycle life•Good heat transfer

Pros:•High energy density•Cost•Number of cell suppliers

Battery system cooling


Separate system Combined system

Pros:•Cooling power•Choice of battery cell•Established design•Heating capability

Pros:•Simpler design•System cost•Cooling power•Heating capability

AirLiquid

Pros:•Simpler design•Weight•Reliability•Cost

Battery System Heavy-duty vs. Light-duty

2017-03-30 Hedvig Paradis, Electric and Hybrid Technology, Scania 35Source: AABC Europe 2016, AB VOLVO

Fuel Cells


17 January 2017

Info class internal Department / Name / Subject 38

17 January 2017

Info class internal Department / Name / Subject 40

vehicle aspects

• Infrastructure of hydrogen

• H2 on the vehicle

− tanks

− purity of gas

− safety

• FC developed for passenger vehicles

• Heavy duty vehicles needs:

− Increased capacity

− Several stacks

− Fueling time

How do we choose different solutions?


Testing


Input

Matlab Simulink model2017-03-30 Hedvig Paradis, Electric and Hybrid Technology, Scania 46

Output

Vehicle specificationDriving cycleComponent specificationsand models…

Component load profile(battery, electric machine, inverter …)Component power lossesEnergy consumption…

Vehiclemodel

Control system

Driver model

Choice of vehicle conceptLife time estimationTesting input …

• Electric machine• Battery• ICE• Inverter• …

• Energy strategy• Gear change strategy• …

simulation

Why vehicle simulation?

• Choose vehicle concept:

− energy consumption and electric driving range,

− test functionality

− performance

− typical applications

• Dimension components

• SAVE testing time and cost


Example: Opportunity charge BEV bus application

• Bus depot – End stop & End stop – Bus depot: Suburban driving cycle

• End stop – End stop: Urban driving cycle

• Fast charge: 3 to 7 min

• Night charge: ca 4 hours


Discuss with yourneighbour

Which bus charging concept will prevail in 5 years from now?


Opportunity charge

Charging at end stop

Depot charge Night charge

Charging at depot at lunch time and during night

Charging at depot during night

Weight of a battery system for a full day of operationis comparable to all the passengers in the bus

50

B I G B A T T E R Y

Example: BEV Bus

2017-03-30 Hedvig Paradis, Electric and Hybrid Technology, Scania

B I G B A T T E R Y

Truck 40 ton @ 200.000 km/yEnergy consumption per year: 600.000 kWh/yDaily travel: 650km/dayEnergy consumption per day: 2000 kWhElectric propulsion reduce energy with 50%Battery system, cycling capacity: 50Wh/kgComplete battery system, weight: 20.000 kg

Example: Long haulage truck


BEV Bus Battery system cost example


Chalmers – Anders Grauers

How is the electricity produced?


Smarter transport


Facilitate energy efficiency

Longer vehicles

Aerodynamic

vehicles

Heaviervehicles

Platooning


Currently 183,000 connected vehicles

Driving over 30,000laps around the world every month

Prepare for connected and autonomous vehicles

Prepare for connected and autonomous vehicles


This is how we move forward


Thank you for your attention


Scania E-mobility - · PDF fileScania E-mobility-batteries and fuel cells 30 March 2017, Lund University Hedvig Paradis Electrification and Hybrid Powertrain Research and Development

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