SC 300 Unit 4

SC 300SC 300Unit 4Unit 4

Welcome to Unit 4Welcome to Unit 4

Comments and questions?Comments and questions?

This week in Unit 4This week in Unit 4

Seminar topic – food chains and food Seminar topic – food chains and food webswebs

Coming up in unit 5Coming up in unit 5

Any questions?Any questions?

This week in Unit 4This week in Unit 4ReadingReading – Chapter 3, 17 – Chapter 3, 17

Web resourceWeb resource – energy and photosynthesis – energy and photosynthesis

DiscussionDiscussion – Powering Kaplanville with energy – Powering Kaplanville with energy

SeminarSeminar – food chains/webs – food chains/webs

ProjectProject – Energy and earthquakes – Energy and earthquakes

http://www.waterencyclopedia.com/images/wsci_02_img0162.jpghttp://www.waterencyclopedia.com/images/wsci_02_img0162.jpg

Plankton to fish – up the food webPlankton to fish – up the food web

http://marineodyssey.co.uk/resources/_wsb_800x570_Marine+Food+Web.pnghttp://marineodyssey.co.uk/resources/_wsb_800x570_Marine+Food+Web.png

Glerl.nooa.govGlerl.nooa.gov

Grazing food chain (based on photosyntesis)Grazing food chain (based on photosyntesis)

AutotrophsAutotrophs

PhytoplanktonPhytoplankton

Trophic level 1Trophic level 1

(primary producers)(primary producers)

HeterotrophsHeterotrophs

Zooplankton NektonZooplankton Nekton

(level 4-5)(level 4-5)

Trophic levels 2-3Trophic levels 2-3

(herbivores and small (herbivores and small carnivores)carnivores)

Tree of lifeTree of life

Photosynthesis and eating are complimentary!Photosynthesis and eating are complimentary!

Primary production (photosynthesis) by plants Primary production (photosynthesis) by plants (autotrophic):(autotrophic):

6CO6CO22 + 6H + 6H220 + solar energy = C0 + solar energy = C66HH1212OO66 + 6O + 6O22

Pyramid of Energy

Illustrates how much energy is present at each trophic level and how much is transferred to the next level Most energy Most energy

dissipates dissipates between trophic between trophic levelslevels

Explains why Explains why there are so few there are so few trophic levelstrophic levels

Food web and energy transferFood web and energy transfer

--the biomass at lower trophic levels provides food for the biomass at lower trophic levels provides food for higher trophic levelshigher trophic levels

-generally, animals are smaller and reproduce faster at -generally, animals are smaller and reproduce faster at lower trophic levels. In addition, the organisms are lower trophic levels. In addition, the organisms are more numerous at lower levelsmore numerous at lower levels

-the base of the energy pyramid for marine food webs -the base of the energy pyramid for marine food webs is chemical or solar energy. The transfer of energy is chemical or solar energy. The transfer of energy from one trophic level to the one above is only about from one trophic level to the one above is only about 10%. So there is a decrease in biomass and number 10%. So there is a decrease in biomass and number of organisms at higher trophic levelsof organisms at higher trophic levels

Any questions?Any questions?