Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Org (SASO) · of Thiols and Other Sulfur Species- Doctor Test". 2.26 SASO-ASTM-D5453:2014 “Standard Test Method for Determination of Total

الهيئة السعودية للمواصفات والمقاييس والجودة Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Org (SASO)

SASO FDS 30182 :2017

CLEAN MOTOR VEHICLES GASOLINE (LOW SULFUR)

ICS: 75.160.20

THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT SAUDI STANDARD CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT.

IT IS, THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS A

SAUDI STANDARD UNTIL APPROVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

SAUDI ARABIAN STANDARD SASO ……/2017

2

مقدمة

المواصفة القياسية السعودية رقم بإعدادقامت الهيئة السعودية للمواصفات والمقاييس والجودة المواصفات استعراض بعد" وقود)بنزين( السيارات النظيف )منخفض الكبريت( "( 7102)........./

ة السعوديقياسية المواصفة صلة على أن تلغي الال ذات المرجعية واألجنبية والدولية والمؤلفات العربية القياسية

م.7170وقود )بنزين( السيارات " وتحل محلها بعد اتمام برنامج الوقود النظيف عام " (0590/7102رقم )

Foreword

Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO) has updated the

Saudi Standard No. (……/2017) “CLEAN MOTOR VEHICLES GASOLINE

(LOW SULFUR)" based on relevant ADMO, International and National foreign

Standards and references. The approved Saudi Standard will replace and

supersede the Saudi Standard No (1951/2017) “MOTOR VEHICLES

GASOLINE” after Completion of Clean fuels Project in 2021.


3

CLEAN MOTOR VEHICLES GASOLINE (LOW SULFUR)

1. SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION

1.1 This standard is concerned with clean motor vehicles gasoline (low sulfur) used

as a fuel for ground vehicles equipped with spark-ignition internal combustion

engines. This fuel contains oxygenated compounds such as methyl tertiary –

butyl ether (MTBE).

1.2 This standard describes various characteristics of automotive fuels for use over a

wide range of operating conditions. It provides for a variation of the volatility and

water tolerance of automotive fuel in accordance with seasonal climatic

changes at the locality where the fuel is used.

1.3 The spark-ignition engine fuels covered in this standard contains the gasoline

and its blends with oxygenates such as alcohols and ethers. This standard does

not apply to fuels that contain an oxygenate as the primary component, such as

Fuel Methanol (M85). The concentrations and types of oxygenates are not

specifically limited in this standard. However, as oxygenate content increases

above some threshold level, the likelihood for vehicle problems also increases,

and this is depending on oxygenate type.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all the safety problems associated

with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish

appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of

regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. COMPLEMENTARY REFERENCES

2.1 GSO-ASTM -D1266:2016“Standard Test Method for Sulphur in Petroleum

Products (Lamp Method)”.

2.2 SASO-151:2003" determination of gum content in fuels by jet evaporation"

2.3 GSO-1081:2002"EVALUATION OF COPPER CORROSION FROM

PETROLEUM PRODUCTS BY COPPER STRIP TEST".

2.4 GSO-ASTM-D1298:2016 "Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density,

or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by

Hydrometer Method".

2.5 GSO-1082:2002" DETERMINATION OF VAPOR PRESSURE OF

PETROLEUM PRODUCTS (REID METHOD)".

2.6 GSO-OIML-R 117-1:2010" Dynamic measuring systems for liquids other than

water – Part 1: Metrological and technical requirements".

2.7 SASO-256:1981"methods of test for gasoline - determination of low lead content

in gasoline".

2.8 GSO-1086:2002" METHODS OF TEST FOR GASOLINE -DETERMINATION

OF VAPOUR— LIQUID RATIO"

2.9 SASO-ASTM-D3342:2011"standard test method for lead in gasoline iodine


4

monochloride method"

2.10 GSO-1208:2002"Determination of Density and Relative Density of Liquids by

Digital Density Meter".

2.11 SASO-1060:1998 “Methods of testing gasoline- Determination of octane number

(research method)”

2.12 GSO-ASTM-D2700:2016"Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of

Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel"

2.13 SASO-ISO-3405:2014"Petroleum Products- Determination of Distillation

Characteristics at Atmospheric Pressure"

2.14 SASO-ASTM-D 3227:2014 “standard test method for (thiol mercaptan) sulfur in

gasoline, kerosine, aviation turbine, and distillate fuels (potentiometric method)”.

2.15 SASO-1752:2000" determination of colour for petroleum products".

2.16 SASO-ISO-3837:2010 “Liquid Petroleum Products-Determination of Hydrocarbon

Types by Fluorescent Indication Adsorption”.

2.17 GSO-ASTM-D4057:2014" Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum

and Petroleum Products".

2.18 SASO-ISO-3171:2008 " petroleum liquids - automatic pipeline sampling".

2.19 SASO-ASTM-D6378:2011 “Standard Test Method for Determination of Vapor

Pressure (VPX) of Petroleum Products, Hydrocarbons, and Hydrocarbon-

Oxygenate Mixtures (Triple Expansion Method)”.

2.20 GSO-ASTM-D4815:2014" standard method for determination of MTBE, ETBE,

TAME, DIPE, tetiary-AMyl alcohol and C1 to C4 alcohols in gasoline by gas

chromatography"

2.21 SASO-ISO-7536:2006 "petroleum products - determination of oxidation stability

of gasoline - induction period method".

2.22 SASO-ASTM-D3606:2011"Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished

Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Chromatography".

2.23 SASO-ASTM-D6277"standard test method for determination of benzene in spark-

ignition engine fuels using mid infrared spectroscopy".

2.24 SASO-ASTM-D873:2014 "Determination of Oxidation Stability of Aviation

Fuels (Potential Residue Method)".

2.25 SASO-ISO-5275:2006"Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvent- Detection

of Thiols and Other Sulfur Species- Doctor Test".

2.26 SASO-ASTM-D5453:2014 “Standard Test Method for Determination of Total

Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel,


5

and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence”.

2.27 GSO-ISO-20847:2008 “Petroleum products - Determination of sulfur content of

automotive fuels - Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry”.

2.28 SASO-ASTM-D2622:2011 “Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum

Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry”.

2.29 SASO-ASTM-D5580:2014 “Standard Test Method for Determination of

Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, p/m-Xylene, o-Xylene, C9 and Heavier

Aromatics, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography”.

2.30 SASO-ASTM-D5769:2014 “Standard Test Method for Determination of

Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasolines by Gas

Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry”.

2.31 SASO-ASTM-D5059:2014 “Standard Test Methods for Lead in Gasoline by X-

Ray Spectroscopy”.

2.32 SASO-ISO-3830:2008" petroleum products - determination of lead content of

gasoline - iodine monochloride method".

2.33 SASO-ASTM-D6839:2014 “standard test method for hydrocarbon types,

oxygenated compounds, and benzene in spark ignition engine fuels by gas

chromatography”.

2.34 SASO-ASTM-D3831:2014 “standard test method for manganese in gasoline by

atomic absorption spectroscopy”.

2.35 GSO ASTM D5845:2014" Standard Test Method for Determination of MTBE,

ETBE, TAME, DIPE, Methanol, Ethanol and tert-Butanol in Gasoline by Infrared

Spectroscopy".

2.36 SASO-ASTM-D5599:2014"standard test method for determination of oxygenates

in gasoline by gas chromatography and oxygen selective flame ionization

detection".

2.37 SASO-ASTM-D7039:2014" Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Gasoline, Diesel

Fuel, Jet Fuel, Kerosine, Biodiesel, Biodiesel Blends, and Gasoline-Ethanol

Blends by Monochromatic Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence

Spectrometry".

2.38 GSO ASTM D5191:2016" Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum

Products (Mini Method) ".

2.39 SASO……/……. “Determination of Total Iron in the Gasoline”


6

2.40 SASO……/……. “Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active

Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)” 3. DEFINITIONS

3.1 Premium motor gasoline: A volatile mixture of liquid hydrocarbons,

generally containing small amounts of additives, suitable for use as a fuel in

spark-ignition, internal combustion engines. It shall be no addition of an alkyl

lead.

3.2 Oxygenated compounds: One or more than one ashless, organic compounds

containing oxygen in some added substances such as ethanol or ether, which

can be mixed with gasoline as a fuel supplement.

3.3 Gasoline-alcohol blend: A fuel consisting primarily of gasoline along with a

substantial amount (more than 0.35 mass % oxygen, or more than 0.15 mass %

oxygen if methanol is the only oxygenate) of one or more alcohols.

3.4 Gasoline-ether blend: A fuel consisting primarily of gasoline along with a

substantial amount (more than 0.35 mass % oxygen) of one or more ethers.

3.5 Gasoline-oxygenate blend: A fuel consisting primarily of gasoline along with a

substantial amount (more than 0.35 mass % oxygen, or more than 0.15 mass %

oxygen if methanol is the only oxygenate) of one or more oxygenates.

4. CLASSIFICATION

4.1 clean motor vehicles gasoline (low sulfur) shall be classified according to the

Octane Number as follow:

4.1.1 Premium gasoline (95 RON).

4.1.2 Premium gasoline (91 RON).

4.2 clean motor vehicles gasoline (low sulfur) shall be classified according to seasonal

changes in volatility, vapour - liquid ratio and distillation fractions. Tables (1) and

(2) represent 95 RON and 91 RON grades, respectively.

7

Table (1)

Classification of clean motor vehicles gasoline (low sulfur) - 95 RON

TEST GUARANTEE METHOD

Color Standard Red 2.15

Corrosion Cu Strip at 50 °C, 3 hr, Max No. 1b 2.3

Density, at 15 °C, kg/m3 To be reported 2.4,2.10

Octane Number, Research, Min 95.0 2.11

Octane Number, Motor, Min 85 2.12

Oxygenates

MTBE, Vol %, Max or

Other Ether Based Oxygenates, wt%, Max

15.0

2.7 2.20, 2.35,2.36

Sulfur, ppm, Max 10 2.1, 2..26, 2.27,2.28,2.37

Doctor Test, or

Mercaptan Sulfur, ppm wt, Max

Negative (Note h)

15.0

2.40

2.14 15 2.14

Benzene, vol%, Max. 1.0 2.22, 2.23, 2.29

Aromatics, vol %, Max 35 2.23

Metallic Lead, g/L, Max 0.013 (Note a) 2.7, 2.9,2.32

Total Manganese, mg/L 0.25 (Note j) 2.3

Total Iron, mg/L 0.5 (Note j) 2.239

Olefin vol %, Max. 18.0 (Note c) 2.16,2.33

Gum, Solvent Washed, mg/100 ml, Max

(Note b) 3.0 2.2

Gum, Unwashed, mg/100 ml

(Note b) To be reported

2.2

Potential Gum Unwashed, 8 hr, mg/100 ml

(Note b) To be reported

2.24

Distillation:

Vol % Evap at 70 °C (E70) Min - Max

Vol % Evap at 100 °C (E100) Min –Max

Vol % Evap at 150 °C (E150) Min

End Point °C Max

Max Residue, vol% Max

20 - 48

46 - 71

75

210

2.0

2.13

SAUDI ARABIAN STANDARD SASO 1….../2017

8

Vapor Lock Index (VLI) Max SUMMER

875

INTERMEDIATE

915

WINTER

1160

(Note i)

Vapor Pressure, Reid, psia (Min – Max) (kPa) 6.5(45) –

8.7(60)

6.5 (45) –

8.7(60)

6.5 (45) –

10.2 (70) 2.9, 2.19, 2.38

Oxidation Stability, at 100 °C, minutes,

Min 480 2.21,2.24

Additives: 1. Antioxidant, lb/1,000 bbl, Min.

2. Metal Deactivator, lb/1,000 bbl, Min.

3.Deposit Control Additive (DCA), lb/1,

000 bbls.

(See Notes c, d, e, f )

20.0

0.5

(Note e,g)

Seasons Summer Intermedate Winter

Months June,July,August March,April,May,Septemper,October and November December,January and February

NOTES:

a) Testing of lead is not required for domestic gasoline but is required for imported gasoline. Refineries’ Laboratories should have always the ability to test for metallic lead from time to time.

b) The result of the potential gum (unwashed, 8 hours) test is to be reported within 48 hours from product Certification at point of origin. The final objective of monitoring the potential gum is to meet the Internal target of a maximum potential gum content of 20 mg/100 ml (unwashed, 8 hours). All gasoline Producers are encouraged to meet this monitoring target.

c) The additive package (antioxidant and metal deactivator) is not needed if the olefin vol % in gasoline is less than 5%.

d) Antioxidant dosing of imported gasoline shall be limited to a minimum of 20 lb/1,000 barrels at the point of manufacture and certified by an independent inspector according to procedures established by Aramco Trading Company.

e) Approved additives type, brand, dosage and qualification reference to be reported.

f) No additives or chemical additions to gasoline are approved except as designated in this specification.

g) Addition of deposit control additive during product distribution and prior to product sale is required.Only approved additives can be used at approved treat rates. Type, brand, dosage and qualification reference of any additive used should be reported.

h) If the result of the Doctor Test ASTM D4952 is positive, then only mercaptan sulfur determination test is required.

i) VLI = 10(RVP) + 7(E70); RVP in KPA, E 70 is vol% evaporated at 70 °C.

j) Metallic additives are not allowed for octane boosting in Saudi Aramco gasoline (domestic and imported).For the rejection of the imported cargoes, the detection limits of the equipment shall be used. The detection limits of total manganese and iron are 0.25 mg/l and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. Testing of manganese and iron is not required for domestic gasoline but is required for imported gasoline.Laboratories analyzing the imported gasoline should always have the ability to test for manganese and iron.

k) Test required only for imported cargoes, cracked products, or when the olefins content is 5 vol. % or more.

9

Table (2)

Classification of clean motor vehicles gasoline (low sulfur) - 91 RON

TEST GUARANTEE Methods

Color Green 2.15

Corrosion Cu Strip at 50 °C, 3 hr, Max No. 1b 2.3

Density, at 15 °C, kg/m3 To be reported 2.4,2.10

Octane Number, Research, Min

91.0 2.11

Octane Number, Motor , Min 81 (Note a) 2.12

Oxygenates

MTBE, Vol %, Max or

Other Ether Based Oxygenates, wt %, Max 15.0

2.7

2.20, 2.35,2.36

Sulfur, ppm, Max 10 2.1, 2..26, 2.27,2.28,2.37

Doctor Test, or

Mercaptan Sulfur, ppm (wt), Max

Negative (Note f )

15.0

2.40

Benzene, vol %, Max. 1.0

Aromatics, vol %, Max 35 2.14

Metallic Lead, g/L, Max 0.013 (Note b) 2.14

Total Manganese, mg/L 0.25 (Note h) 2.22, 2.23, 2.29

Total Iron, mg/L 0.5 (Note h) 2.23

Olefin, vol %, Max 18.0 (Note d) 2.7, 2.9,2.32

Gum, Solvent Washed, mg/100 ml, Max

(Note c) 3.0

2.3

Gum, Unwashed, mg/100 ml

(Note c)

To be reported 2.239

Potential Gum Unwashed, 8 hr, mg/100

ml (Note c)

To be reported

2.16,2.33

Distillation:

Vol% Evap at 70 °C (E70) Min - Max

Vol% Evap at 100 °C (E100) Min - Max

Vol% Evap at 150 °C (E150) Min

End Point °F (°C) Max

Max Residue, vol% Max

20-48

46-71

75

(210)

2.0

2.2


10

Vapor Lock Index (VLI) Max SUMMER

875

INTERMEDIATE

915

WINTER

1160

(Note g)

Vapor Pressure, Reid psia (Min – Max)

(kPa)

6.5(45) –

8.7(60)

6.5 (45) –

8.7 (60)

6.5 (45) –

10.2 (70) 2.9, 2.19, 2.38

Oxidation Stability, at 100 °C, minutes,

Min

480 2.21,2.24

Additives:

1. Antioxidant, lb/1,000 bbl, Min.

2. Metal Deactivator, lb/1,000 bbl, Min

3. Deposit Control Additive (DCA),

lb/1,000 bbl.

(Note d)

20.0

. 0.5

(Note e)

Seasons Summer Intermedate Winter

Months June,July,August March,April,May,Septemper,October and November December,January and February

NOTES:

a) Imported gasoline must have a minimum MON of 81.

b) Testing of Lead is not required for domestic gasoline but is required for imported gasoline. Refineries’ laboratories should have always the ability to test for metallic lead from time to time.

c) The result of the potential gum (unwashed, 8 hours) test is to be reported within a maximum of 48 hours from product certification at point of origin. For imported gasoline the potential gum is limited to a maximum of 20 mg/100 ml. OSPAS in coordination with Distribution Operations has the authority to accept “potential gum” higher than 20 mg/100 ml, only on as needed basis.

d) The additive package (antioxidant and metal deactivator additive) is not needed if the olefin vol % in gasoline is less than 5% Antioxidant dosing of imported gasoline shall be limited to a minimum of 20 lb/1,000 barrels at the point of manufacture and certified by an independent inspector according to procedures established by Aramco Trading Company. Approved additives type, brand, dosage and qualification reference to be reported. No additives or chemical additions to gasoline are approved except as designated in this specification.

e) Addition of deposit control additive during product distribution and prior to product sale is required. Only approved additives can be used at approved treat rates. Type, brand, dosage and qualification reference of any additive used should be reported.

f ) If the result of the Doctor Test ASTM D4952 is positive, then only mercaptan sulfur determination test is required.

g) VLI = 10(RVP) + 7(E70); RVP in KPA, E 70 is vol% evaporated at 70 °C.

h) Metallic additives are not allowed for octane boosting in Saudi Aramco gasoline (domestic and imported). For the rejection of the imported cargoes, the detection limits of the equipments shall be used. The detection limits of total manganese and iron are 0.25 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L, respectively.Testing of manganese and iron is not required for domestic gasoline but is required for imported

gasoline. Laboratories analyzing the imported gasoline should always have the ability to test for manganese and iron.

i) Test required only for imported cargoes, cracked products, or when the olefins content is 5 vol. % or more.

5. REQUIREMENTS

Clean motor vehicles gasoline (low sulfur) shall meet the following:

5.1 It shall be free from undissolved water, suspended matters, and sediments. It

shall be clear and bright at the ambient temperature or at 21oC, whichever is

higher.

Note(1): The gasoline sample used in visual examination test shall not be cooled

below about 15oC or at the temperature recorded when the sample was taken,

whichever is lower, as cooling of gasoline containing oxygenated compounds can

produce changes in appearance that cannot be reversed on rewarming.

5.2 In order to produce vehicle catalytic systems phosphorus – containing

compounds shall not be included in unleaded gasoline.

5.3 Oxygen content should not be more than 2.7% by mass in gasoline -

oxygenate blend.

5.4 It shall comply with the characteristics mentioned in Table (1) for RON 95 and

Table (2) for RON 91.

11

6. SAMPLING

6.1 Sampling shall be taken from gasoline pumps, storage tanks or pipeline

according to the Saudi Standards mentioned in items (2. 6),(2/17) and (2.18).

7. METHODS OF TEST

The following tests shall be carried out in accordance with Saudi standards

prescribed in items (2.1) to (2.40). Samples shall be taken in accordance with

item (6).

7.1 Visual inspection to ensure the absence of water, sediments and suspended

matter.

7.2 Determination of color.

7.3 Determination of distillation characteristics.

7.4 Determination of potential gum (unwashed) content.

7.5 Corrosion of copper strip test.

7.6 Determination of oxidation stability.

7.7 Determination of Sulfur content.

7.8 Determination of lead content.

7.9 Determination of vapour Pressure.

7.10 Determination of octane number by Research Method.

7.11 Determination of vapour-liquid ratio.

7.12 Determination of Oxygen content.

7.13 Determination of density.

7.14 Determination of methyl tertiary-butyl ether content (MTBE).

7.15 Determination of benzene content.

7.16 Determination of olefin content.

7.17 Determination of solvent washed gum content.

7.18 Determination of additives.

7.19 Doctor test.

7.20 Determination of mercaptan sulphur content.

7.21 Detection of phosphorus compounds

7.22 Determination of Aromatics content.

7.23 Determination of total Manganese content.

7.24 Determination of total iron content.

8. MARKING

8.1 Without prejudice to what is mentioned in the Saudi standard mentioned in

item (2.6), the following information shall be legibly and indelibly marked in a

conspicuous space on each gasoline pump and container in Arabic or Arabic

and English languages.

8.1.1 Clean motor vehicles gasoline (low sulfur).

8.1.2 Octane number.

8.1.3 Net volume (for container only).


12

8.1.4 Type of oxygenate.

8.1.5 Name of manufacturer or its trademark.

8.1.6 Date of manufacture or its abbreviation (for container only).

8.1.7 Precaution “Avoid Environmental Pollution” or put the international sign for

“No Pollution”.

8.2 For tank cars, tankers, tank lorries or others where marking is difficult,

however, those may be marked in invoice.

9. RULES O F ACCEPTANCE AND REJECTION

9.1 Each consignment of clean motor vehicles gasoline (low sulfur) shall be

accompanied with a certificate stating its compliance with this Saudi standard.

13

Main References ةالمراجع األساسي

4132/ 193 -رقم أ مواصفات أرامكو- "93"الجازولين الممتاز رقم اكتان البحث

-Aramco Specifications A-391 /2014 Low

Premium Gasloine-91 RON 4132/ 193-رقم أ مواصفات أرامكو

"93"الجازولين الممتاز رقم اكتان البحث Aramco Specifications A-395 /2014 Low

Premium Gasloine-95 RON

Other References األخرى المراجعالمواد معية األمريكية لالختبار ومعيار الج -

2132/4132رقم دي "السيارات ذات محركات احتراق تعمل بالشرارة"وقود

-American Society for Testing and Material

ASTM D-4814/2014 “Specification for

Automotive Spark- Ignition Engine Fuel”. لوبريزول: المرجع الجاهز للتشحيم ومرجع الوقود"

4111صدرت في Lubrizol: “Ready Reference for Lubricant

and Fuel Reference” issued on 2000

األوروبية القياسية المواصفات - الوقود الخالي -"وقود السيارات 4134/ 441رقم إي إن

المتطلبات وطرق االختبار" -من الرصاص

-EUROPEAN STANDARD: EN 228/2012

"Automotive Fuels – Unleaded Petrol –

Requirements and Test Methods"

-المواصفات الصناعية اليابانية"جازولين 4134/ 4414 رقم جي اي اس كي

السيارات".

-Japanese Industrial Standard, JIS K 2202 –

2012 “Motor Gasoline”

السيارات جمعية مهندسي - "جازولين السيارات" 131/4131رقم جي

-Society of Automotive Engineers SAE

J313/2010 “Automotive Gasoline”.

Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Org (SASO) · of Thiols and Other Sulfur Species- Doctor Test". 2.26 SASO-ASTM-D5453:2014 “Standard Test Method for Determination of Total

Documents