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Satellite Remote Sensing of Aviation Hazards
Gary P. Ellrod , CCM*Gary P. Ellrod , CCM*
NOAA/NESDIS-retiredNOAA/NESDIS-retired
Granby, CTGranby, CT
Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, 2008Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, 2008Islip/Macarthur Airport, NYIslip/Macarthur Airport, NY
* AMS Certified Consulting Meteorologist
Outline
Current capabilities of satellite dataCurrent capabilities of satellite dataFog and low cloudsInflight icingTurbulenceThunderstorms (initiation, convective gusts)Volcanic ash
Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, 2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY
Detection of Mountain Waves Using Water Vapor Imagery
Low and mid-Tropospherice wavescan be seen in GOES 6.7 m water Vapor imagery, but not in IR or visible
GOES-12 IR, 13 Nov 2003
GOES-12 WV, 13 Nov 2003
MountainWaves
Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, 2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY
Total Column Ozone from GOES Sounder
Stratospheric Intrusion
Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, 2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY
Convective InitiationCritical for air traffic managementCritical for air traffic managementGOES Visible Imagery Applications GOES Visible Imagery Applications
(boundary interactions, stability, etc)(boundary interactions, stability, etc)Stability and moisture Products from Stability and moisture Products from
Established by International Civil Aeronautical Organization (ICAO) in mid-1990’sVolcanically active regions source: Smithsonian Inst.
Technology OutlookOperational Spacecraft
Near-TermNear-TermGOES-N (launched May 2006) through P
Improved navigation, power to operate through Improved navigation, power to operate through satellite eclipse (Spring, Fall)satellite eclipse (Spring, Fall)
launch in 2010)Twenty-two bands at 370 to 740 m resolutionTwenty-two bands at 370 to 740 m resolutionIncludes day/night visibleIncludes day/night visible
Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, 2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY
Sixteen spectral bandsSixteen spectral bandsResolution: 0.5 km visible, 2 km IRResolution: 0.5 km visible, 2 km IRFive minute CONUS, 15 min Full DiskFive minute CONUS, 15 min Full Disk
Hyper-spectral capabilities, hourly global coverageHyper-spectral capabilities, hourly global coverageGood resolution (4 km horizontal, ~1 km vertical)Good resolution (4 km horizontal, ~1 km vertical)
Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, 2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY
2222
ABI Improvements
1/5 Disc
GOES-I/P
5 Minute CoverageGOES-R
Full Disc
ABI covers the earth approximately five times faster than the current Imager.
2323
Imager Coverage in ~30 minutes
Current Imager
(Rapid Scan mode)
Future Imager
(“Flex” mode)
Full Disk 0 2
Northern Hemi 1 -
CONUS 3 6
Mesoscale 0 60
Full Disk N. Hemisphere CONUS Mesoscale
IR Resolution – ABI versus GOES-12
Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, 2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY
Use of 1.6 m “Near-IR” on ABI
1.6 m
Simulated GOES-R Fog ImageBased on AVHRR IR (3.7 m and 11.0 m)
Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, 2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY
Hyperspectral sounder on geo will provide rapid observations need to monitor hurricane eye temperature anomaly, which is a surrogate measurement of hurricane intensity
Temperature and moisture cross section along AIRS scan line 119, demonstrating profiling capability, but AIRS does not provide the
monitoring requirement
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Summary
Satellite remote sensing is critical in Satellite remote sensing is critical in providing needed observations to support providing needed observations to support aviation warnings and forecastsaviation warnings and forecasts
Future instruments will provide excellent Future instruments will provide excellent opportunities for improved productsopportunities for improved products
Much work is needed to fully utilize future Much work is needed to fully utilize future deluge of high quality data!deluge of high quality data!
Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, Aviation Weather Users Workshop, Nov 18-19, 2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY2008 Islip/Macarthur Airport, NY
Internet Resources:
GOES Aviation Products (Imager and Sounder) http://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/smcd/opdb/aviation/