1 1798/DBR/2013 भारत सरकार जल संसाधन मंालय क ीय भ ू जल बोड GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD महारार राय क े अंतडत सातारा जजले की भ ू जल विान जानकारी GROUND WATER INFORMATION SATARA DISTRICT MAHARASHTRA By िारा Abhay Nivasarkar अभय ननिसरकर Scientist-B िैाननक - ख मय े, नाप ु र CENTRAL REGION, NAGPUR 2013
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1798/DBR/2013
भारत सरकार
जल संसाधन मंत्रालय
कें द्रीय भूजल बोर्ड GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES
CENTRAL GROUND WATER BOARD
महाराष्ट्र राज्य के अतंर्डत सातारा जजले की
भूजल विज्ञान जानकारी GROUND WATER INFORMATION
SATARA DISTRICT
MAHARASHTRA
By द्िारा Abhay Nivasarkar अभय ननिसरकर
Scientist-B िैज्ञाननक - ख मध्य क्षेत्र, नार्पुर
CENTRAL REGION, NAGPUR 2013
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SATARA DISTRICT AT A GLANCE
1. LOCATION
North latitude : 17°05’ to 18°11’
East longitude : 73°33’ to 74°54’
Normal Rainfall : 473 -6209 mm
2. GENERAL FEATURES Geographical area : 10480 sq.km. Administrative division : Talukas – 11 ; Satara ,
Mahabeleshwar (As on 31.3.2013) Wai, Khandala, Phaltan, Man,Jatav,
3. POPULATION (2001, 2010 Census) : 28.09,000., 3003922
Male : 14.08,000, 1512524 Female : 14.01,000, 1491398
Population growth (1991-2001) : 14.59, 6.94 % Population density : 268 , 287 souls/sq.km. Literacy : 78.22 % Sex ratio : 995 (2010 Census) Normal annual rainfall : 473 mm 6209 mm (2001-2010)
4 GEOMORPHOLOGY Major Geomorphic Unit : Western Ghat, Foothill zone , Central , : Plateau and eastern plains Major Drainage : Krishna, Nira, Man 5 LAND USE (2010) Forest area : 1346 sq km Net Sown area : 6960 sq km Cultivable area : 7990 sq km
6 SOIL TYPE : 2 Medium black, Deep black
7 PRINCIPAL CROPS Jawar : 2101 sq km Bajara : 899 sq km Cereals : 942 sq km Oil seeds : 886 sq km Sugarcane : 470 sq km 8 GROUND WATERMONITORING Dugwell : 46 Piezometer : 06
9 GEOLOGY Recent : Alluvium
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Upper-Cretaceous to Eocene : Deccan Trap (Basalt) 10 HYDROGEOLOGY Water Bearing Formation : Basalt- Weathered /Fractured /
Jointed/ Vesicular/ massive/ under Phreatic and semi confined condition
11 WATER LEVEL Premonsoon Depth to water level May 2011 0.09 to 16.2 mbgl Post Monsoon Depth to water (Nov 2011) 0.02 to 13.65 mbgl Water Level Trend Pre -monsoon Water Level Trend (2001-2010) Rise 0.019 to 0.972 m/year Fall 0.003 to 0.627 m/year Post Monsoon Water level trend (2001-2010) Rise 0.006 to 0.887m/year Fall Neglible to 0.323 m/year Annual Trend (2001-2010) Rise 0.009 to 0.790 m/year Fall 0.031 to 0.245 m/year 12 GROUND WATER EXPLORATION AS ON 31.3.2013
Wells EW 19, OW 09 Depth Range 67 to 301 m Discharge Trace to 15 lps
13 GROUND WATER QUALITY Ground Water is Suitable for Drinking and irrigation purpose 14 DYNAMIC GROUND WATER RESOURCES : (As on 31/3/2009)
Net Annual Ground Water Availability 105584.1 HAM
Existing Gross Ground Water Draft for irrigation 68650.12 HAM
Existing Gross Ground Water Draft for domestic and industrial water supply
4743.316 HAM
Existing Gross Ground Water Draft for All uses (11+12)
73393.43 HAM
Provision for domestic and industrial requirement supply to 2025
9396.149 HAM
Net Ground Water Availability for future irrigation development (10-11-14)
27582.26 HAM
Stage of Ground Water Development 69.51%
Over Exploited taluka : None Critical taluka : None Semi-Critical taluka : None 15 RURAL WATER SUPPLY (March 2005)
Total Villages : 1721 Piped water supply schemes : 3354
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Dugwells : 1336 Hand pumps/ Borewells : 8969
0
Ground Water Information
Satara District
Contents 1.0 Introduction .......................................................................... 1 2.0 Climate and Rainfall ............................................................ 4 3.0 Geomorphology and Soil Types ........................................ 5 4.0 Ground Water Scenario ....................................................... 6 4.1 Hydrogeology ........................................................................................ 6 4.2 Water Level Scenario ............................................................................ 8 4.3 Aquifer Parameter ............................................................................... 13 4.4 Yield of Dug Wells & Bore Wells ........................................................ 14 4.5 Ground Water Resources ................................................................... 15 4.5 Ground Water Quality ......................................................................... 16 4.7 Status of Ground Water Development .............................................. 19
5.0 Ground Water Management Strategy ............................... 20 5.1 Ground Water Development ............................................................... 20 5.2 Water Conservation and Artificial Recharge .................................... 21
6.0 Ground Water Related Issues and Problems ................... 21 7.0 Mass Awareness and Training Activities ......................... 22 7.1 M.A.P. and W.M.T.P. ............................................................................ 22
8.0 Areas Notified by CGWA/SGWA ....................................... 22 9.0 Recommendations ............................................................. 22
List of Figures 1. Administrative Set up 2. Hydrogeology 3. Location of Monitoring Stations 4. Depth to Water Level (Premonsoon- May 2011) 5. Depth to Water Level (Postmonsoon- Nov. 2011) 6. Ground Water Resources
List of Tables
1. Studies undertaken by CGWB 2. Ground Water Exploration Data (2012) 3. Annual Rainfall Data (2001-2010) 4. Water Level Data (2011) 5. Water Level Trend Data Data (2001-2010) 6. Aquifer Parameters 7. Yield of Dug Wells and Bore Wells 8. Taluka wise Ground Water Resources (2008-2009) 9. Classification of Ground Water Samples based on BIS Drinking Water Standards (IS-10500-91, Revised 2003) 10. Classification of Ground Water for Irrigation Based on EC 11. Nature and Yield Potential of Aquifers
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GROUND WATER INFORMATION
DISTRICT SATARA
1.0 Introduction
Satara district is one of the oldest districts and located in western part of
Maharashtra State. In 1960 Northern Satara district was named as Satara and Southern
Satara district named as Sangli district. It is bounded by Pune district in the north,
Solapur district in the east, Sangli district in the south and Ratnagiri district in the west.
Raigad district lies to its north-west. Satara district is located in the western part of
Deccan plateau and lies between 17°05’ and 18°11’ north latitudes and 73°33’ and
74°54’ east longitudes. The entire area of the district falls in parts of Survey of India
degree sheet No’s 47-G, 47-K, 47-J and 47-F. The district has an area of 10480 sq.km,
which constitutes about 3% of the total area of Maharashtra. Prior to 1971, district had
9 talukas but presently there are 11 talukas. These talukas consist of 1721 villages
including 20 unhabited villages besides 10 towns.
The total population of Satara district as per 2001 census is 28.09,000, out of
which rural population is 2398765 (85%). Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribe population
is 233014 and 18342 respectively. The male population is 14.08,000, and female
population is 14.01,000 whereas the population density is 268 souls/sq.km. The
increase in population is 14.590% over the period of 10 years from 1991 to 2001
Satara is one of the famous districts for tourist destination. Mahabaleshwar and
Panchghani are the two hill stations which have great tourism attraction and Pratapgarh
have quite a historical importance. Shingarpur, Sajjangarh, Pusgaon, Godavale, Buchafal
are the religious places of great importance. A figure showing taluka boundaries is
shown in figure 1.
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Figure 1: Administrative Set up of Satara District
The following studies have been taken up by Central Ground Water Board in the
district. A list of studies conducted in the district is presented in the Table 1.
Table 1: Studies Carried out by CGWB in the District
Sl no Officer AAP Type of Survey / Study
1 Shri J P Das 1975-76 Systematic Hydrogeological survey in parts of Satara District
2 Dr D K Chadha 1976-77 Systematic Hydrogeological survey in parts of Satara District
3 Shri A R Bhaisare 1977-78 1978-79 1979-80
Systematic Hydrogeological survey in parts of Satara District
4 Shri Das and Shri S Sudarshan
1979-1981
Systematic Hydrogeological survey in parts of
Satara District
5 Shri S Sudarshan 1980-81 Systematic Hydrogeological survey in parts of
Satara District
6 Shri P K Naik 1988-89 Systematic Hydrogeological survey in parts of
Satara District
7 Shri R P Singh 1989-90 Systematic Hydrogeological survey in parts of
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Satara District
8 Shri D K Rai 1989-90 Systematic Hydrogeological survey in parts of
Satara District
9 Shri A Sudarsha 1991-92 ReappraisaHydrogeological survey in parts of Satara District
10 Dr P K Naik 1991-92 1992-93
Reappraisal Hydrogeological survey in parts of Satara District
11 S/Shri K.P. Dongre and A. Nivasarkar
2011-12 Ground Water Management Studies in of Man Basin.
In addition to above studies a report on ground water resource and development
potential of Satara district, Maharashtra was compiled during year 2005-06 by Shri.
Sourabh Gupta, Scientist-D.
Ground water exploration in the district has been taken up since 1979 and total
58 exploration wells (EW) and 25 observation wells (OW) and 3 Piezometers (PZ) have
been drilled so far. The main objective of ground water Exploration is to decipher the
sub surface geology of the district to identify various water bearing horizons, their depth
range, yield and their extent, to compute their hydraulic characteristic and also to
evacuate chemical quality of ground water to establish their suitability for various uses.
The Taluka wise salient features of ground water exploration are giver in table-2.
Table 2: Ground water Exploration Data (2012)
S. No.
Taluka Wells Drilled
Drilled Depth (m bgl)
Zones (m bgl)
Discharge (lps)
SWL (m bgl)
1. Javali Ew-3 200.00 16.00 to 181.00 0.14 to 2.16
5.00 to 12.00
2. Karad EW-5 OW-1
95.00 to 200.00
7.40 to 95.80 1.37 to 5.77
6.25 to 50.00
3. Khandala EW-6 OW-4 Pz-1
40.00 to 200.00
10.00 to 79.00 0.38 to 10.00
3.20 to 7.95
4. Khatav EW-7 OW-3
67.40 to 301.00
6.00 to 152.00 0.14 to 5.00
2.02 to 8.28
5. Koregaon EW-5 OW-3
122.25 to 200.00
4.25 to 134.55 0.14 to 12.18
1.40 to 17.50
6. Man EW-9 OW-5
135.50 to 201.60
16.20 to 150.00
0.71 to 10.00
1.00 to 64.50
7. Patan EW-5 OW-2
80.60 to 200.00
22.60 to 186.30
Traces to 3.00
1.47 to 74.50
8. Phaltan EW-7 OW-3
7.70 to 201.00
28.00 to 96.80 0.14 to 0.72
3.17 to 17.25
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Pz-1
9. Satara EW-6 OW-2 Pz-1
177.10 to 201.5.50
35.00 to 36.00 152.00 to 153.00
2.16 to 5.15
1.40 to 18.20
10. Wai EW-5 OW-1 Pz-1
5.70 to 200.00
12.00 to 16.00 Traces to 3.00
1.60 to 17.29
11. Total EW-58 OW-25 PZ-3
5.70 to 301.00
4.25 to 186.30 Traces to 10.00
1.00 to 64.50
The perusal of Table-2 shows that the depth of 58 EW and 25 OW and 3 Pz drilled
in hard rock area (Deccan trap basalt) of the district varies from 5.70 to 301.00 meters
below ground level (m bgl). The water bearing zones were encountered in the depth
range of 4.25 to 186.30 m bgl, which shows that the deeper zones below 50 m depth
have also been encountered at many places in the district indicating that the water can
also been drawn from deeper aquifer in case of scarcity for drinking water supply. The
discharge of the wells drilled in the district varies between traces to10.00 liters per
second (lps).
2.0 Climate and Rainfall
The climate of the district is on the whole is agreeable. The winter season is from
December to about the middle of February followed by summer season which last up to
May. June to September is the south-west monsoon season, whereas October and
November constitute the post-monsoon season. The mean minimum temperature is
14.40 C and mean maximum temperature is 36.8 C at Satara town in the district.
The rainfall analysis for the period 1901-2005 revels that the normal annual
rainfall over the district varies from 473 to about 6209 mm. In the eastern part of the
district around Mhasawad (Man taluka) and Phaltan taluka it is minimum and increases
toward the west and reaches maximum around Mahabaleshwar. However, probability of
occurrence of normal rainfall is maximum (50 to 55%) in the south eastern part around
Mhaswad (Man), Vaduj, Pusewadi and Karad. While the probability of receiving excess
rainfall (i.e. 25% or more) varies from 9% to 30%. It is minimum around Mhaswad (9%)
and maximum around pusewadi (30%). The study also reveals that entire north eastern
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and south western part of district comprising almost entire khandala, phaltan, khatav,
mhaswad talukas and part of Koregaon and Karad talukas which experienced drought for
more than 20% of the years can be categorized as “drought area”. The average rainfall
data for the period (1998-2010) are represented in table-3.
The perusal of table-3 indicated that the average annual rainfall during the period
ranges between 550.5 mm (Man) to 5830.3 mm (Mahabaleshwar).
Table 3: Annual Rainfall Data for 2001-2010 (in mm)
Station 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Average