Establishing The Principles | Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy |As-Sarf 1 ن الرحيم الر بسم اى آلهمد وعلبينا وسلم وبارك على ن وصلى العا رب امد ا, أما بعدع وصحبه أOur teacher began with praising Allaah and sending salaat and salaam on the Messenger of Allaah, his family, companions and followers until the Last Day and began: CONJUGATIONS An Naaqis ص اق النEvery verb which has a و, يor اas its Laam. As-Sarf (Morphology) ~ Class Twenty-One
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Establishing The Principles | Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy | As-Sarf 1
بسم اهلل الرمحن الرحيم
احلمد هلل رب العاملني وصلى اهلل وسلم وبارك على نبينا حممد وعلى آله وصحبه أمجعني, أما بعد
Our teacher began with praising Allaah and sending salaat and salaam on the Messenger of
Allaah, his family, companions and followers until the Last Day and began:
CONJUGATIONS
An Naaqis الناقص Every verb which has a و, ي or ا as its Laam.
As-Sarf (Morphology) ~ Class Twenty-One
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Establishing The Principles | Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy | As-Sarf 4
لغ الرض ف رأيت مشار ق ها ومغار ب ها وإ نن أمنت سيب “ إ نن اللنه زوى ل ها ن ملكها ما زو ي ل م
زين الحر والب يض وإ ن سألت رب لمنت أن ل ي هل كها وأعط يت الكن ب سنة ب عامنة وأن ل يسلط
ه م ف يستب يح ب يضت هم وإ نن رب قال يا حممند إ ن وى أن فس عليه م عدوا م ن س إ ذا قضيت قضاء فإ ننه ل
ي رد وإ ن أعطيتك لمنت ك أن ل أهل كهم ب سنة ب عامنة وأن ل أسلط عليه م ه م وى أن فس عدوا م ن س
يستب يح ب يضت هم ولو اجتمع عليه م من ب أقطار ها – أو قال من ب ني أقطار ها – حتن يكون ب عضهم
ي هل ك ب عض ا ويسب ب عضهم ب عض ا
[Reference: Saheeh Muslim 2889 a – Book 41, Hadith 6904]
“Verily if I have decreed/decided then it is not rejected/changed… ”
قضيت : I decreed/ decided
دنن ف الرض مرنت ني ولت علنن علوا نا إ ل بن إ سرائ يل ف الك تاب لت فس وقضي كب ري ا
And We decreed for the Children of Israel in the Scripture, that indeed you would do mischief
on the earth twice and you will become tyrants and extremely arrogant! [17:4]
Establishing The Principles | Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy | As-Sarf 5
نا عليه الموت ما دلنم على موت ه إ لن دابنة الرض تأكل ف لمنا قضي ف لمنا خرن ت ب ي ننت ال ن أن لنو كانوا ي علمون الغيب ما لب ثوا ف نسأته م
العذاب المه ني
Then when We decreed death for him [Sulaiman (Solomon)], nothing informed them (jinns)
of his death except a little worm of the earth, which kept (slowly) gnawing away at his stick,
so when he fell down, the jinns saw clearly that if they had known the unseen, they would not
have stayed in the humiliating torment. [34:14]
قضينا : We decreed/decided
ن هم ثن ل ي دوا ف نون حتن يكموك ف يما شجر ب ي فل وربك ل ي ؤم ا ا منا قضيت ويسلموا تسل يم ه م حرج أنفس
But no, by your Lord, they can have no Faith, until they make you (O Muhammad SAW)
judge in all disputes between them, and find in themselves no resistance against your
decisions, and accept (them) with full submission. [4:65]
قضيت : You decreed/decided
فم ن ككم فاذكروا اللنه كذ كر كم آباءكم أو أشدن ذ كر ا فإ ذا قضيتم منناس رة م ن خلق ن يا وما له ف الخ النناس من ي قول رب ننا آت نا ف الد
So when you have accomplished your Manasik [(i.e. Ihram, Tawaf of the Ka’bah and As-Safa
and Al-Marwah), stay at ‘Arafat, Muzdalifah and Mina, Ramy of Jamarat, (stoning of the
specified pillars in Mina) slaughtering of Hady (animal, etc.)]. Remember Allah as you
remember your forefathers or with a far more remembrance. But of mankind there are some
who say: “Our Lord! Give us (Your Bounties) in this world!” and for such there will be no
portion in the Hereafter. [2:200]
فإ ذا جنوب كم وعلى وق عود ا ق يام ا اللنه فاذكروا الصنلة قضيتم فإ ذا الصنلة وافأق يم اطمأننتم ن ني على كانت الصنلة إ نن منوقوت ا ك تاب ا المؤم
When you have finished As-Salat (the prayer – congregational), remember Allah standing,
sitting down, and lying down on your sides, but when you are free from danger, perform As-
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Salat (Iqamat-as- Salat). Verily, the prayer is enjoined on the believers at fixed hours.
[4:103]
قضيتم : You all decreed/finished
قضى comes also in the meaning of finalized/executed etc.
Here we can apply the principle of turning the Yaa into an Alif, because the yaa took a
harakah and the letter before it took a fathah.
It is turned into a sitting Alif to indicate that it was originally a Yaa and that is the
benefit of writing it as a Yaa.
This verb is mentioned in twelve verses of the Quraan.
Allaah سبحانه وتعالى said:
ا أمر ا قضى وإ ذا والرض السنماوات بد يع ف يكون كن له ي قول فإ نن The Originator of the heavens and the earth. When He decrees a matter, He only says to it :
Establishing The Principles | Ustaad Fahd At-Tahiriyy | As-Sarf 7
ل ك قال بشر يسسن ول ولد ل يكون أنن رب قالت ما يلق اللنه كذا أمر ا قضى إ ذا يشاء ف يكون كن له ي قول فإ نن
She said: “O my Lord! How shall I have a son when no man has touched me.” He said: “So
(it will be) for Allah creates what He wills. When He has decreed something, He says to it
only: “Be!” and it is. [3:47]
ا ي قول له كن ف يكون فإ ذا قضى أمر ا فإ نن هو النذ ي يي ي وي يت He it is Who gives life and causes death. And when He decides upon a thing He says to it
only: “Be!” and it is. [40:68]
Here the yaa has a harakah and the letter before it has a fathah so we are able to turn the Yaa
into the Alif
Now we have a morphological problem which is two sukoons in a row. We are able to drop the first
silent letter becauce it is an Alif (harfu ‘illah) and the letter before it has a fathah suiting it.
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Here we take the superior principle by turning the Yaa into an Alif because the yaa has a
harakah and the letter before it has a fathah.
Now we have to silent letters in a row. We are able to drop the first silent letter because it is
an Alif (harfu ‘illah) and the letter before it has a fathah suiting it.
Allaah سبحانه وتعالى said:
ك عليك زوجك واتنق وإ ذ ت قول ل لنذ ي أن عم اللنه عليه وأن عمت عليه أمس ك ما اللنه مبد يه وتشى النناس واللنه أحق أن تشاه اللنه وتف ي ف ن فس ها وطر ا زونجناكها ل كي ل يكون على المؤم ن ني حرج ف ف لمنا قضى زيد من
وكان أمر اللنه مفعول هنن وطر ا ن أزواج أدع يائ ه م إ ذا قضوا م
And (remember) when you said to him (Zaid bin Harithah, the freedslave of the Prophet
SAW) on whom Allah has bestowed Grace (by guiding him to Islam) and you (O Muhammad
SAW too) have done favour (by manumitting him) “Keep your wife to yourself, and fear
Allah.” But you did hide in yourself (i.e. what Allah has already made known to you that He
will give her to you in marriage) that which Allah will make manifest, you did fear the people
(i.e., Muhammad SAW married the divorced wife of his manumitted slave) whereas Allah had
a better right that you should fear Him. So when Zaid had accomplished his desire from her
(i.e. divorced her), We gave her to you in marriage, so that (in future) there may be no
difficulty to the believers in respect of (the marriage of) the wives of their adopted sons when
the latter have no desire to keep them (i.e. they have divorced them). And Allah’s Command