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• Name : Suresh Chandran• Current Employer : IBM – USA• Current Client : Caterpillar (USA• Education : - MBA from IIM (Bangalore)
- PGDM (Finance) from
University of Texas (Arlington)• 6 yrs - Industry Experience and , 11 yrs in SAP
• Industries worked :• ITC , L&T, GM (USA), Pepsi (USA),• IBM (India), Accenture (USA) & IBM (USA)
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Sales and Distribution (SD)Overview
Prepared by : Suresh Chandran
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WHY SAP ? Follows a worldwide standard approach in assessing client projects.
Uses standardized procedures and functionalities
Provides the client with a formal report of findings andrecommendations and also enable in analyzing, research, businessenhancement and expansion.
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What a Consultant Does ?The SAP Consultants :
– undertakes the implementation process providing E2E solution. – understands clients business requirements and advices the client for
best business practices using SAP Tools. – have insight into where the process / product is heading. – have understanding of what’s in the next phases or release(s). – have access to developers to ensure answers to issues
The SAP consultant be heavily involved with process design andconfigurations, therefore:
– can provide a new perspective on issues and current approaches – is not constrained by previous discussions , politics, and previous design
iterations
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Customer BenefitsMinimizes the risk within the project and ongoing productive system byhaving a highly experienced, independent party determine if:
– the proposed design is robust, realistic, pragmatic, maintainable, andsupportable.
–the
configured system supports the design is maintainable, supportable andpractical.
– the live system makes optimal use of the SAP system.
Identifies project risk factors early in the timeline.
Increases efficiency and effectiveness of the SAP solution.
Helps ensure successful implementations and a smooth productiveoperation.
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Industries in SAP
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ASAP Methodology - Recommended timing for reviews
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ASAP MethodologyDescription :
AcceleratedSAP (ASAP) provides a proven, comprehensive, repeatable and richimplementation methodology to streamline projects.
ASAP covers :1. Preparation2. Business Blueprint3. Configuration/Realization4. Final Preparation5. Go-Live & Support
(For all stages, Documentation is MUST.)
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ASAP Methodology ……Contd Benefits
• Reduced total cost of implementation through streamlined and modularimplementation roadmap that provides content rich implementation accelerators,templates and guides.
• Industry standard aligned project management process and guidelines.• Achieve transparency of value delivery through consistent business case reflection.• Enables efficient project governance and quality management.• Drive combined Business Process and IT Architecture approach (E2E).• Covers entire project life-cycle – from evaluation through delivery to post
project solution mgmt and operations.
• Delivers revised content in all traditional ASAP areas – Project management, SAPSolution Manager.
• Organizational change management, training, blueprinting, realization, cutoverplanning and execution, and others.
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SAP - Sales and Distribution (SD)Overview
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R/3
FIFinancial
Accounting
COControlling
PSProjectSystem
WFWorkflow
ISIndustrySolutions
MMMaterials
Mgmt.
HRHumanResources
SDSales &
Distribution
PPProduction
Planning
QMQuality
ManagementPM
Plant Maintenance
SMService
Manage-ment Integrated Solution
Client / ServerOpen Systems
ECEnterpriseControlling
AMFixed Assets
Mgmt.
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SAP System Landscape
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Sales & Distribution (SD)• Mechanisms to execute the business processes used in
the selling, shippingand billing of products and services
• Tightly coupled data flow to the other SAP modules — Integration
• Flexible and robust functionality that is tailored throughconfiguration
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SD Components
Sales Support
MasterData
Shipping
Sales
ForeignTrade
Billing
SalesInfo
System
Transportation
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SD Overview — Master Data• Information about
CustomersMaterials
Price• Flexible data structures that support the business
environment• Specialized master data to support sales order
processing
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SD Overview — Sales Support
• Provides the functionality to support the staff involved inbusiness development and customer service processes
• Primary functions – Sales Prospects – Contact Persons – Competitors and Competitive Products – Sales Activities – Direct Marketing
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SD Overview — Sales
• Primary base for customerorder management
• Highly customizable
• Sophisticated pricing• Integrated ATP• Integrated credit management
• Sampling of functions : – Inquiries & Quotes – Sales Orders – Returns – Contracts & Scheduling
Agreements – Consignment – Rush Orders & Cash Sales – Back Orders & Subsequent
Deliveries – Credit & Debit Memo
Requests
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SD Overview — Shipping• Main functions
– Picking, Packing & Inventory management – Generate Shipping Documents
• Transportation Management – Routes – Transportation Scheduling
• Delivery Scheduling, Returns Deliveries & StockTransfer
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SD Overview — Billing
• Invoice Generation — automatic or manual
• Comprehensive set of billing functions
• Linked documents — e.g. invoice & credit memo
• Real-time integration with finance (FI)
• Fully integrated and comprehensive pricing
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SD Overview — S I S
• Flexible tool that allows one to collect, consolidate, and utilize datafrom sales and distribution processing
• A component of the Logistic Information System (LIS)
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Sales & Distribution
- Process Flow -
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Supply Chain Process
Customer Order Picking Goods Issue
BillingAccounts ReceivableFinal Payment
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SD - Cycle
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SAP Process Steps
Quotation SalesOrder
Sales
ShippingDelivery
Note PickingPost Goods
Issue
Billing Billing
FIA/R
PostIncomingPayment
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Sales — Inquiry & Quotation
• Support pre-sales processes• Are time sensitive
• Automatic availability check• Automatic pricing• No impact to FI• Can be used as reference documents
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Sales — Sales Order
• Core of customer ordermanagement
• No impact to G/L• Can reference existing
documents• Copies key information
from master data
• Automated standardfunctions ... – availability check – MRP updating – pricing – credit check – delivery scheduling – export control
– shipping & route determination
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Shipping — Delivery Note
• Initiates the shipping process• Control document for shipping processes — maintains status of
each processing step
• Re-confirms: availability, credit, foreign trade, delivery scheduling• Facilitates transportation planning
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Shipping — Picking & Packing
• Picking: Physical activity of moving goods from thewarehouse for further processing (packing, loading)
• Packing: Determines packing materials and packingdetails
• Advanced processing includes, e.g. batch mgmt., serialnumber control
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Billing• Generate customer invoice
• Updates FI
– Customer account – G/L accounts: revenue, discount, etc.
• Applies relevant pricing
• Updates customer credit
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Sales & Distribution
- Organizational Structures -
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Sales Organization
Baseball Division
BB
Softball Division
SB
Direct Distribution Channel
DI
Baseball Division
BB
Softball Division
SB
Wholesale Distribution Channel
WH
Baseball Division
BB
Softball Division
SB
Retail Distribution Channel
RE
Domestic Sales Sales Organization
So00
Baseball Division
BB
Cricket Division
SB
Wholesale Distribution Channel
WH
Europe Sales Organization
EURO
Baseball Division
BB
Wholesale Distribution Channel
WH
Asia Pacific Sales Organization
APAC
SC Corporation
Company Code CC00
Client 860
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Sales Organization
• Sells and distributes products, negotiates terms of salesand is responsible for these business transactions
• Critical organization element to the definition of businessmarkets
• A business transaction is linked to one SalesOrganization
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Distribution Channel
• Identifies how products and services reach the customer
• Can be assigned to one or more Sales Organizations
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Division• Often times used to define product line
distribution• Organization level to which customer
specific information and requirements aremaintained — e.g. pricing, partial delivery• Assigned to one or more Sales
Organizations
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Sales Area• Organizational element comprised of:
– Sales Organization – Distribution Channel – Division
• Will be used to link together the organizational aspectsof sales to customers
• Used for statistical analysis
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Sales Area
Domestic SalesSales Organization
SO00
DirectDistribution Channel
DI
WholesaleDistribution Channel
WH
RetailDistribution Channel
RE
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
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Sales Office
• Typically defines a territory or market area• Linked to one or more Sales Areas• Optional organization structure
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Internal Sales Organization
DomesticSales Area
WesternSales Office
EasternSales Office
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Sales Group
• Sales Group – Sub-division of a sales office, territory or
market
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Sales Person
• Sales Person – Defined in HR — Personnel Admin. – Specifically defines an individual rather than a
position (sales rep.) in sales processing
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Internal Sales Organization
DomesticSales Area
WesternSales Office
EasternSales Office
SouthwestSales Group
NorthwestSales Group
SalesPerson
SalesPerson
SalesPerson
SoutheastSales Group
NortheastSales Group
SalesPerson
SalesPerson
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Shipping Point & Loading Point
• Shipping Point – Location that performs all delivery related activities – Assigned a factory calendar – A delivery can be processed from only one shipping
point• Loading Point
– A subdivision of the shipping point used for morespecialized handling
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Shipping Organization
Dock #1Loading Pt
D1
Dock #2Loading Pt
D2
Freight DockShipping Pt
SP00
Dock #3Loading Pt
EX
ExpressShipping Pt
QUIK
Dock #2Loading Pt
XP
ExportShipping Pt
EXPT
Sioux FallsPLANTPT00
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Sales & Distribution
- Master Data -
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SD Master Data - Core Elements
MasterData
Pricing
Material Master Sales: sales org 1
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-General Data
Basic Unit of Measure
DivisionMaterial Group
Sales Unit
Delivering Plant
Cash discount-Tax data
Country
Tax category
Tax classification
-Quantity stipulations
Min. order quantity
Min. delivery quantity
Delivery unit
Material Master — Sales: sales org. 1Basic Data 1 - 2
Classification
Sales: sales org. 1 - 2
Sales: general/plant
Purchasing
Foreign Trade: Import Data
Sales: text
Purchase order: text
MRP 1 - 4
Forecasting
Storage 1 - 2
Warehouse Management 1 - 2
Quality Management
Accounting 1 - 2
Costing 1 - 2
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Material Master — General Data
Base Unit of Measure The Base Unit of Measure is the unit of measure in which stocks are managed within your company.
Division You may enter the Division which your product is infor sales (defaults if entered in the Basic data screen).
Material Group A (freely definable) key that’s used to group severalmaterials or services for analysis/reporting as well assearch by match code.
Sales Unit This is the unit of measure in which the material issold, if different from the base unit of measure.
Delivering Plant Plant, from which the material is available for sale. This is a default value only.
Cash discount Indicator used for materials, which allow for a cashdiscount.
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Material Master — Tax data &Quantity stipulations
Tax data
Country Country
Tax category Taxes, applicable to this material (e.g. Federal, Statetaxes in US, VAT in GB)
Tax classification taxable, exempt
Quantity stipulations
Min. order quantity Min. quantity a customer can order (in base unit ofmeasure).
Min. delivery quantity Min. delivery quantity to a customer.
Delivery unit Only multiples of this number will be delivered to thecustomer.
i l S l l
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-Grouping terms
Matl statistics group
Material pricing grp
Volume rebate group
Acct assignment grp
Commission group
Item Category group
Material Master — Sales: sales org.Basic Data 1 - 2
Classification
Sales: sales org. 1 - 2
Sales: general/plant
Purchasing
Foreign Trade: Import Data
Sales: text
Purchase order: text
MRP 1 - 4
Forecasting
Storage 1 - 2
Warehouse Management 1 - 2
Quality Management
Accounting 1 - 2
Costing 1 - 2
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Material Master — Grouping terms
Matl statistics group Helps to determine which data the system updates in theLogistics Information System (LIS).
Material pricing grp A way to group materials with similar pricing conditions.
Volume rebate group A material can be assigned to a volume rebate group (e.g.Low Rebate, High Rebate) if the material qualifies for rebate.
Acct assignment grp A grouping of materials with the same accountingrequirements (used to determine revenue and sales deductionaccounts)
Commission group Several materials can be assigned to the same commissiongroup, if the commission sharing between representatives isthe same for these materials (e.g. Rep.A: 6%, Rep.B: 10%,Rep C: 12%).
Item Category group A grouping of materials, that helps the system determine theItem Category. Item Category determines how a specific itemis processed by system. E.g. a text item is not relevant forpricing.
Material Master Sales: general/plant
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General data
Base unit
Gross weight
Net weight
Avail. Check
Shipping data (times in days)Trans. Grp
LoadingGrp
Packaging material data
Matl grp ship. matls
General plant parameters
Negative stock
Material Master — Sales: general/plant Basic Data 1 - 2
Classification
Sales: sales org. 1 - 2
Sales: general/plant
Purchasing
Foreign Trade: Import Data
Sales text
Purchase order: text
MRP 1 - 4
Forecasting
Storage 1 - 2
Warehouse Management 1 - 2
Quality Management
Accounting 1 - 2
Costing 1 - 2
Material Master General data & Shipping
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Material Master — General data & Shippingdata (times in days)
General dataBase unit The Base Unit of Measure is the unit of measure in which
stocks are managed within your company.
Gross weight In Base Units of Measure.
Net weight In Base Units of Measure.
Avail. Check Tells the system when to do an availability check, as well aswhich MRP elements (such as purchase orders,reservations) to include in the check.
Shipping data (times in days)
Trans. Grp Transportation groups are groups of materials that have
the same transportation requirements. For example, allgoods that need refrigeration.
Loading Grp Loading groups define materials that have the same loadingrequirements, such as forklift truck, or crane.
M i l M P k i i l d &
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Material Master — Packaging material data &General plant parameters
Packaging material data
Matl grp ship. matls, or
Material group shipping materials Freely definable group name, which is used to
indicate groups of materials with similarshipping materials, such as liquids or bulk, forexample.
General plant parameters
Negative stock Check mark indicator, which specifies whethernegative stock is allowed at that plant.
M t i l M t S l t t
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- Sales texts Text
specific to
the material
and in an
appropriate
language.
Material Master — Sales texts Basic Data 1 - 2
Classification
Sales: sales org. 1 - 2
Sales: general/plant
Purchasing
Foreign Trade: Import Data
Sales text
Purchase order: text
MRP 1 - 4
Forecasting
Storage 1 - 2
Warehouse Management 1 - 2
Quality Management
Accounting 1 - 2
Costing 1 - 2
A G
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Account Groups
• Account group determines which fieldsare to be used in defining customer
master data
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Field Status
Field status controls the use of each field within thecustomer master determining whether a field isrequired, optional, suppressed or display only
Field status controls are also relevant to a specificactivity — create, change, or display
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Sales & Distribution
- Customer Master -
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Customer Master
Sales & DistributionData
Company CodeData
General
Data
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Customer Master
• Centralized data for both SD & FI• Segmented into three sections
– General data - address & communication
– Company code data (FI) - banking andpayment information related to FI – Sales data (SD) - pricing, delivery, output
• The sales data is specific to one salesarea and is therefore dependent on thesales organization
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Customer Master by Sales Area
Customer• Sales Organization
• Distribution Channel• Division
Customer Master Address &
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General Data — Ad dres sCustomer Name
Search Term
Street address, City,
Postal code, Country
Language
General Data—
Comm unicat ion Telephone, Fax, Data numbers
Customer Master — Address &Communication
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Customer Master — Control Data
General data—
Contro l da ta
Account control : Vendor, AuthorizationTrading partner, Group key
Tax information : Tax codes, Fiscal address
Country code, City codeVAT N, Tax jurisdiction codeEqualization tax, Sole proprietorTax on sls/pur.
Reference data / area : International Locator No.
Industry: Transport ZoneExpress stationTrain stationLocation code
k
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General Data — Market ing
Classification : Nielsen IDCustomer classificationIndustry
Industry codes
Operating figures : Annual salesNumber of employeesFiscal year variant
Sales prospecting : Legal status
Customer Master — Marketing
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General Data — Paym ent Transact ions
Bank details Country
Bank KeyAccount holderBank AccountControl KeyCollection
Customer Master — PaymentTransactions
Customer Master — Unloading Point
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General Data — Unload ing p o in t s
Unloading point
Customer factory calendar
Default Unloading Point
Goods receiving hours
Customer Master Unloading Point
C M F i T d
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General Data —
Foreign t rade
Country key for export control of customer
Table of Denial Orders list (TDO)
Special Designated Nationals list (SDN)
Diversion High Risk Profile list (DHRP)
Usage and Classification
Customer Master — Foreign Trade
Customer Master Contact Persons
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General Data — Contac t persons
Name
Telephone number
Department
First name
Form of address (e.g. Mr., Ms.)
Function
Customer Master — Contact Persons
Customer Master — Accounting
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Accounting info Reconciliation AccountSort keyHead office
Interest calculation Interest indicatorInterest calculation frequencyLast key date
Reference data Buying group
gInformation Com pany Cod e Data
Ac coun t ing Inform ation
Customer Master — Payment
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yTransactions Com pany Cod e Data
Paym ent Transact ions
Payment data: Payment termsTolerance group
AutomaticPaymentTransactions: Payment methods
Alternative payerLockbox
C t M t C d
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Customer Master — Correspondence Com pany Cod e Data
Correspondence
Dunning data : Dunning procedureDunning recipient
Correspondence : Account numberat customerCustomer user
Paymentnotices to : Customer
SalesAccountingLegal
Customer Master Insurance
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Customer Master — Insurance Com pany Cod e Data
Insurance
Export creditinsurance : Policy number
Institution numberAmount insuredValid untilLead monthsDeductible
Customer Master Sales
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Sales Data — Sales area
Sales order : Sales districtSales officeSales groupOrder probability
Item proposalAccount at customer
Pricing /Statistics: Price group
Customer pricing procedure
Price list typeCustomer statistical group
Customer Master — Sales
Customer Master Shipping
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S & D Data — Sh ipp ing
Shipping : Delivery priorityShipping conditionsDelivering plant
Order combinationBatch split allowed
Partial Delivery: Complete deliveryPartial delivery of itemMaximum part deliveries
Customer Master — Shipping
Customer Master — Billing
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S&D Data — B i l ling
Billing section : Manual invoice maint.RebatePricingBilling scheduleInvoice list schedule
Delivery andpayment terms : Incoterms
Payment terms
Accounting : Account assignment group
Taxes: Tax requirements for the customer
Customer Master — Billing
C stomer Master Partner F nctions
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S& D Data — Par tner func t ions
The different partners are assigned
• SP Sold-to-party• BP Bill-to-party• PY Payer• SH Ship-to-party• … additional Partner function(s)
Customer Master — Partner Functions
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Assigning Additional Partners
— Siesta Baseball League - Vera Cruz, NM — Sold-to : 10018Bill-to : 10018
Payer : 10018Ship-to : 10018
— Siesta Baseball League - Vera Cruz, NM — Sold-to : 10018Bill-to : 10018Payer : 10018Ship-to : 10018Ship-to : 10249 - Bakersfield, CA
Sold-to
Payer Ship-toBill-to
Sold-to
Payer Ship-toBill-to Ship-to
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Sales & Distribution
- Business Partners -
Business Partners
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Business Partners• Defines all of the parties involved in a business
transaction and differentiates between their roles — customer, carrier, employees, customer contact, etc.
• Through customizing the system automatically
assigns partners to the customer master and totransactions
Sold-to Ship-to Bill-to Payer
Business Partners
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Business Partners• The system creates these four business
partners by default. All four are required.
• All four may be the same or may be different.
• Since these are automatically assignedpartners you may need to add additionalpartners to carry out your businesstransactions.
Sold-to Ship-to Bill-to Payer
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Business partners — Sold-to• Customer that orders thegoods• Can perform all primary
partner functions — sold-to,ship-to, payer, bill-to
• Primary type of businesspartner• Cannot be linked to other
sold-to partners
Sold-to
Ship-to
Bill-to
Payer
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Business partners — Ship-to
• Party that receives thegoods
• Can be created as anindependent partner and
linked to one or moresold-to partners
Sold-to
Ship-to
Bill-to
Payer
ll
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Business partners — Bill-to
• Party that receives theinvoice
• Can be created as anindependent partner and
linked to one or moresold-to partners
Sold-to
Ship-to
Bill-to
Payer
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Business partners — Payer
• Party that sends thepayment
• Can be created as anindependent partner andlinked to one or moresold-to partners
Sold-to
Ship-to
Bill-to
Payer
B i P E l
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Business Partners — Example
Sold-to
Bill-to
Payer
Ship-to
Ship-to
Ship-to
Ship-to
Ship-to
Ship-to
Sold-to
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Sales & Distribution
- Pricing -
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Pricing
• ―World- class‖ functionality • Highly customizable & extendible
• One of the most complex features of SAP• Used to determine the net price for a material or an order
Pricing Process
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Pricing Process
• Standard pricing calculates the gross price, thenapplies discounts, surcharges and applicable taxes toarrive at the final pricefinal price = gross price - discounts + surcharges + taxes
• Cost-plus pricing determines the base cost andapplies the appropriate discounts, surcharges andtaxesfinal price = cost - discounts + surcharges + taxes
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Pricing Components
• Pricing is based on a matrix of predefined and custom elements
– Prices – Discounts & Surcharges – Freight – Taxes
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Pricing Procedure
• In short, the mechanism used to arrive at the finalprice
• Considers all of the applicable pricing conditions, e.g.
material price, customer discount• Is assigned by: sales area, sold-to party and sales
document type (e.g. sales order)
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Pricing Procedure
• The pricing procedure uses what SAP calls―the condition technique‖.
• The pricing condition technique starts withthe: – Pricing Procedure which looks at – Conditions which use
– Access Sequences which accesses – Condition tables which point to – A price, discount or other condition ($)
R/3 Pricing ProcessSALES DOC DETERMINE PRICING PRICE THE
DETERMINE ACCESSACCESS THE CONDITION
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SALES DOC.ITEM
DETERMINE PRICINGPROCEDURE
FOR ITEM
PRICE THEITEM
SEQUENCE FOR EVERYCONDITION TYPE IN
PRICING PROCEDURE
ACCESS THE CONDITIONRECORDS AND
DETERMINE PRICE
UNIFORM SALES AREA &
DOCUMENT TYPE &SOLD-TO
CONDITION TYPE ANDACCESS SEQUENCE
ARE LINKED INTABLE
PR00
KI00
TX00
FR00
CONDITION TYPE
ACCESS SEQUENCE
TX00
FR00
KI00
PR00
- - -$9.25N/A
STOPS LOOKING AFTER FINDING FIRST VALUE
ETC .
PRICE ELEMENTCONTROL PARAMETERSUPPER/LOWER LIMITS
PRICING PROCEDURE
USSTD PR00
TX00
KI00
FR00
USALT
DISCOUNT
CONDITION TYPE CONDITION
PRICE
FREIGHT
TAXES
DISCOUNT
PRICE
KI01
PR00
KEY
CUSTOMER/MAT’L OR PRICE LIST/MAT’L OR
MATERIAL
LOOK FOR CONDITIONRECORDS IN THIS ORDER
OF CONDITION TABLES
ACCESS SEQUENCE
01
02
03
PR00 CUSTOMER /MATERIAL
PRICE LIST TYPE/MAT’L
MATERIAL
ORDER
ETC .
KI00 01
02
03
CUSTOMER /MATERIAL
PRICE LIST TYPE/MAT’L
MATERIAL
SALES
AREA
DOC .
TYPE
SOLD
TO
PRICING
PROCEDURE US01
US01
UK01
UK02
USSTD
USALT
UKSTD
UKSTD
A
B
1
1
1
1
A
A
Price Agreements
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• Simple priceagreements – product – customer – customer & material – customer group &
material
• Detailed priceagreements – pricing scales – rebates – customer expected
price
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Specialized Master Data
• Customer Material Info. Record• Item Proposal• Listing & Exclusion• Product Substitution
C t /M t i l I f R d
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Customer/Material Info. Record
• Defines a customer alias for a material & description,for example:
Can further define attributes of the material, shippingand partial delivery information specific to the product
and customer
• Referenced in the sales order using the OrderingParty overview
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Item Proposal
• Used to define frequently ordered combinations orspecial assortments of products and quantities
• Either products or products with quantities can beselected during order entry
• An item proposal can be defined for a customer via thecustomer master record
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Material Listing & Exclusion
• Used to control what products are available for acustomer or group
• Material Listing — defines products that can be sold to acustomer
• Material Exclusion — defines products that cannot besold to a customer
Product SubstitutionMaterial Determination
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Material Determination
• Enables automatic or manual substitution of materialsduring sales order processing
• Examples: – substitute a standard product with a promotional material – substitute based on a customer preference – substitute based on selection list (manual)
Customizing For Transactions Shipping Functions
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• Shipping Point Determination – The shipping point is determined for each line item
based on the shipping point determination
– Shipping point = shipping condition +loading group +delivering plant
Customizing For TransactionsShi i F ti
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Shipping Functions
• Route Definition – Route to be traveled and the transit time – Generic routes can be used to simply define
transit time• Route Determination
Proposed route = shipping point +destination country +
transportation zone +shipping condition
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Sales & Distribution
- Transactions -
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Business Document Types
Inquiry
Credit Memo
Returns
Quotation
Sales Order
Cash Sale
Rush Order
Consignment
Contract
SchedulingAgreement
Debit Memo
ReturnablePackaging
Order Processing Functionality
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• Delivery scheduling• Availability check• Transfer of requirements to MRP• Pricing• Credit check• Shipping point & route determination• Foreign trade & license processing
• Document flow
Delivery Scheduling
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Delivery Scheduling
• Automatic scheduling of essential shipping activities ...Calculated using defined activity times ...Resulting in scheduled activity dates
• Determined using backward and forward schedulingrules
l h d l
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Delivery Scheduling• Structure of sales documents
Header
Line item # 1
Line Item # 2
Schedule line # 1
Schedule line # 1
Schedule line # 2
D li S h d li T i l
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Delivery Scheduling — Terminology
• Transportation lead time — time required to scheduletransportation
• Pick/Pack time — time required for picking and packing
• Load time — time required to load• Transit time — time required to transport goods from
shipping point to ship-to
B k d S h d li
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Backward Scheduling
RequestedDelv. Date
GoodsIssue
LoadingMaterial
Availability
Order
Date
Transp.
Sched.
TransitTime
(2 days)
LoadingTime(1 day)
Pick & PackTime
(2 days)
Transp.Sched.Time(1 day)
26th 27th 28th 29th 31st25th
25
F d S h d li
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Forward Scheduling
RequestedDelv. Date
GoodsIssueLoading
Material
Availability
Order
Date
Transp.
Sched.
TransitTime
(2 days)
LoadingTime
(1 day)
Transp.Sched.
Time(1 day) NewDelv. Dat
27th 27th 28th 29th 31st26th
27
1
Pick & PackTime
(2 days)
Availability Check
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Availability Check
• Determines the material availability date• Considers inward and outward movement of inventory —
customizable• Influences partial deliveries by
– proposing a quantity that can be delivered on the requested date (complete
delivery) – determines the earliest date for full delivery – determines the number and dates for partial deliveries to fulfill the order
Availability Check
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Availability Check
• In determining the material availability datethe system can include specific stocks ifselected, such as: – Safety stock – Stock in transfer – Quality inspection stock – Blocked stock – Restricted use stock
Transfer of Requirements to MRP
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Transfer of Requirements to MRP
• Ordered quantities are passed to MRP (MM)• Controlled by the schedule line category• Blocking of documents can affect requirements passing
— delivery block
Credit Check
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Credit Check
• Efficient means to implement credit management
• Integrated with FI — via credit control area
• Automatically alerts when a credit check fails
• Comprehensive credit management reporting
Shipping Point & Route Determination
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pp g
• A shipping point is determined for each lineitem — shipping point determination• A delivery can only be processed from one
shipping point• Routes - route to be traveled & transit time
are determined using customized rules• Routes can be used to simply define transit
time
F i T d & Li P i
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Foreign Trade & License Processing
• Predefined trade areas — NAFTA, EU• Automated reporting for trade areas• Automated controls
– license management – embargo lists – control by customer, country, product, point in
time
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Shipping
Shi i g O i
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Shipping Overview
• Comprehensive functionality to support picking, packingand loading functions
• Work list and deadline monitoring• Functions with backorder processing• Tightly coupled to the MM and FI modules• Facility for transportation management
Shi i g O i
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Shipping Overview
Order
Order
Order
Delivery
OrderCombination
Order
Delivery
PartialDelivery
Delivery
Order
CompleteDelivery
Delivery
Delivery
Shipping Overview
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• Delivery creation activities
– checks order and materials to determine if a delivery is possible — delivery block, incompleteness
– confirms availability – confirms export/foreign trade requirements – determines total weight & volume
Shipping Overview
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• Delivery creation activities
– generates packing proposal – considers partial deliveries – updates route assignment – assigns picking location – determines batches – updates sales order — status, delivery qty
Deliveries & Delivery Notes
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y
• The Delivery Note – Initiates the delivery process – Control mechanism for the process – Changes to delivery are allowable - products, quantities
Delivery Note
Picking
Packing
Loading
Post GoodsIssue
Status
Delivery Due List
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• Produces a work-list of deliveries• Encompasses deliveries and transfers• Can be scheduled to run in batch
• Automatically combines deliveries
Picking
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• Quantities based on delivery• Assigned date when picking should begin• Automated storage location assignment
• Supports serial number tracking and batch management• Integrated with Warehouse Management (WM)
Packing
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Packing
• Identifies which packaging is to be used for specifiedproducts
• Identifies and updates accounts associated with
returnable packaging• Tracks the packed product by container• Insures weight/volume restrictions are enforced
Goods Issue
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Goods Issue
• Event that indicates the change in ownership of theproducts
• Reduces inventory• Automatically updates the G/L accounts• Ends the shipping process and prevents changes to
the shipping documents
Goods Issue
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Generalledger
Inventory
750
Cost of goods sold
750
Goods Issue
Billing Overview
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Billing Overview
• Automated invoicing based on sales orders and/ordeliveries
• Functionality for processing credit/debit memos and
rebates• Integration with FI & CO-PA• Updates customer’s credit data• Can create pro forma invoices
Automatic Account Assignment
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Automatic Account Assignment• Defines the G/L accounts that billing entries are
posted to — revenue, deduction, freight charges
Cust Acct.Grp.
01
Application
V
SalesOrg.
SOxxKOFI
Chart of Accounts
CHRT
From Table
FromSalesDoc.
AccountKey
ERL
FromPricingProc
Condition Type
610000
From Table
G/L Account
FromCustomerMaster
FromSalesDoc.
FromSalesDoc.
Billing Methods
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Separate invoice per delivery
DeliveryOrderDelivery
Invoice
Invoice
DeliveryOrderDelivery Invoice
DeliveryOrder
CollectiveInvoice
Order DeliveryInvoice
Invoice
InvoiceSplit
Billing Documents
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• Explicitly specify documents
• Billing due list — builds a worklist of invoices that shouldbe generated
• Automatic posting to FI
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Billing Plans
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• Periodic — total amount for a planned billing period
• Milestone — distributing the total amount over multiple
billing dates - typically used with the project system (PS)
• Installment — evenly proportioned amounts and definedpayment dates
• Resource related — consumed resources such asservice or consulting
SD Milestone Billing
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Billing Description %Value Billing Milestone
Billingdate
blockstatus
11/20/96 Contract 10 30,000 - x
x01/20/97 Assembly 40 120,000 - x x04/20/97 Operational 40 120,000 x x05/20/97 Acceptance 10 30,000 x x06/20/97 Final invoice --
- - x
Sold-to : QAZ Industries Delivery Date : 06/20/97Material : 546-dk1 Generator Price : $300,000
Sales
Order
BillingPlan
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Outline Agreements
• Contracts• Schedule Agreements
Contracts
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Contracts
• Defined quantities and validity period for acustomer
• The contract is fulfilled by orders placed
against the contract - release orders• Contracts are automatically updated
through release order processing
• Pricing can be assigned to a contract
Contracts
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Contracts
ContractTarget Qty: 900Order Qty: 700
ContractTarget Qty: 900Order Qty: 750
...
Release Order
Order Qty: 200
Release OrderOrder Qty: 150
Scheduling Agreements
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Scheduling Agreements
• Defines specific product quantities and delivery dates fora customer
• Schedule lines and processed through standard delivery
processing• Availability check is performed during creation and
quantities are passed to MRP• System automatically updates delivered quantities
Scheduling Agreements
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Delivery5/10 100
Delivery6/10 100Delivery7/10 200
Delivery8/10 300
Scheduling Agreements
SchedulingAgreement
Date Qty05/15 10006/15 100
07/15 20008/15 300
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Backorders
Backorder ProcessingRescheduling
Backorders
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Backorders
• Backorder processing – determines which orders have unconfirmed
quantities by customer or material
– sort the orders according to priority – assign available stock to outstanding orders
or reassign confirmed quantities to high-profile orders
Backorders
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Backorders
• Rescheduling – updates the orders with the results of the availability
check
– can be used to manage the distribution of availableinventory when demand is greater than supply
Customer Returns
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ReturnOrder
Goods ReceiptQuality Inspection
Credit Memo
Customer Returns
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Customer Returns
Order Delivery Invoice
ReturnsDeliveryReturn
CreditMemo
1
2
3
Return toInventory
Customer Returns
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• Returns document – Billing block can be proposed – Use the Order reason field to identify the reason for the return – Full access to pricing and ability to re-price
• Return delivery – Issues a goods receipt to place material into inventory
Customer Returns
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Customer Returns
• Credit memo – Billing block must be cleared from Return – Posts to FI
– Can be processed in batch (background) – Can be processed collectively (grouped)
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Output & Text
Communication — Output
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SAPDocument
FAX
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Communication — Output
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Communication Output
• Output — traditional forms or electronic communicationsproduced for internal or external partners
• Assigned to business partners & sales documents
• Definable media — EDI, fax, print
• Highly customizable — Sapscript
Communication — Text
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Co u cat o e t
• Texts are used for internal and externalcommunication
• Created for business partners, materials,
header or item level of sales documents — order, delivery, billing, picking lists
SIS Overview
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• Flexible information system designed tosupport business planning, forecastingand reporting
• Pre-defined catalog of performancemeasures and reports
• On-demand access to reports andexceptions
• Data maintained in a separate database
Logistics Information System
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g y
• Inventory Management• Purchasing• Sales and Distribution• Production• Plant Maintenance• Quality Management
Inventory Information System Standard Analysis
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• Material• Plant• Storage Location• MRP Controller• Material Groupings
Purchasing Information System Standard Analysis
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• Material• Vendor• Material Group• Purchasing Group• Purchasing Documents
Sales Information System Standard Analysis
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• 5 Pre-defined drill-down reports – Customer – Material – Sales Organization – Shipping Point – SD Documents
Production Information System Standard Analysis
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• Product Group• Material• Work Center• Production Resources and Tools
Reporting Tools
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• Value display - absolute or percentage• Top N - top 10, top 100, etc.• Sorted - ascending or descending• ABC• Classification• Graphics - 2D, 3D
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