Sangath, ahmedabad – b

VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE

Indian vernacular architecture

Indian vernacular architecture is the informal, functional architecture of structures, often in rural areas of India, built of local materials and designed to meet the needs of the local people. The builders of these structures are unschooled in formal architectural design and their work reflects the rich diversity of India's climate, locally available building materials, and the intricate variations in local social customs and craftsmanship. It has been estimated that worldwide close to 90% of all building is vernacular, meaning that it is for daily use for ordinary, local people and built by local craftsmen.

Toda tribal hut

A village hut in West Bengal

The term "vernacular architecture" in general refers to the informal building of structures through traditional building methods by local builders without using the services of a professional architect. It is the most widespread form of building.[2]

House with verandah inEttayapuram

Traditional home, Manali

Categories

Kachcha

Pakka

Semi-pukka

Kachcha

A kachcha is a building made of natural materials such

as mud, grass, bamboo, thatch or sticks and is

therefore a short-lived structure. Since it is not made

for endurance it requires constant maintenance and

replacement. The practical limitations of the building

materials available dictate the specific form which can

have a simple beauty. The advantage of a kachcha is

that construction materials are cheap and easily

available and relatively little labor is required.

Pakka Mortar holding weathered bricks

A pakka is a structure made from materials

resistant to wear, such as forms of stone or brick,

clay tiles, metal or other durable materials,

sometimes using mortar to bind, that does not

need to be constantly maintained or replaced.

However, such structures are expensive to

construct as the materials are costly and more

labor is required. A pakka (or sometimes

"pukka") may be elaborately decorated in

contrast to a kachcha.

Semi-pukka

A combination of the kachcha and pukka style, the semi-pukka, has evolved as villagers have acquired the resources to add elements constructed of the durable materials characteristic of a pukka. Architecture as always evolves organically as the needs and resources of people change.

MODERN ARCHITECTURE

INTRODUCTION:

SANGATH means “moving together through .”Participation

It is an architect office

Location: Thalte Road,Ahmedabad 380054

Client: Balkrishna Doshi

Period of construction: 1979-1981

Project Engineer: B.S. Jethwa, Y. Patel

Site area: 2346 m2

Total Built-up Area: 585 m2

Project Cost: Rs. 0.6 Million ( 1981 )

Passive Design:

Not require mechanical heating and Cooling

Reduces greenhouse gas emissions from heating, cooling, mechanical ventilation and lighting

Take advantage of natural energy flow

Maintain the thermal comfort

Sangath , architect Balkrishna Doshi’s studio, was built in 1979-80. The entire ensemble has an organicity and contiguity through the modulation of the landscape. The exterior landscape slowly merges up with the vaults creating a harmonious earth form . The entire journey from the entry into the structure is a phantasmagoria of nuances and hints. The flooring plays a vital role in giving directionality and inducing notion. Pattern , texture and semiotics are used extensively to demarcate movement flow. Placement position and typology of the vegetation adds to the attribute of floors in creating a harmonious continuity.

PLAN,SANGATH

TOP VIEW, SANGATH

Design concept And Features:

Design concerns of climate ( temperature or humidity or sunlight).

Extensive use of vaults

Main studio partly bellow the ground (sunken)

FEATURES

Very less use of mechanical instrument

Special materials are used resulting in a low cost building costing it

Continuity of Spaces

Complete passive design

Lot of vegetation & water bodies

Use of lot of diffused sunlight

Grassy steps which Doshi uses as informal Amphitheatre

CONSTRUCTION OF VAULT

3.5 cm thick RCC

8 cm ceramic fuses

3.5 cm thick RCC

6 cm thick water proofing

1 cm thick broken China mosaic finish

Broken China mosaic is insulative and reflective surface.

Broken China mosaic gives a very good textures.

Ceramics are temperature resistant.

Water cascades from fountain into series of Channels

Diffused light in the drafting studio

Whole area is covered with vegetation

Terracotta pots and sculpture lying in the compound

ATMAAhmedabad Textile Mill Owners' Association

Le Corbusier came to India to design Chandigarh in 1951. He was invited to Ahmedabad by mayor Chinubhai Chimanbhai. Surottam Hutheesing, then president of Ahmedabad Mill Owners' Association, commissioned Corbusier to build the new headquarters of the association. It was completed in 1954.

Mill Owners’ Association Building, commonly confused with 'Ahmedabad Textile Mill Owners' Association House' (ATMA House), is a modern architecture building in Ahmedabad, India designed by French architect Le Corbusier. Its many walls (with windows in between) slant, and there are trees actually growing out of the side of it. Also, the drainage system is built into the handrails of the balconies.

The east and west facades are in the form of sun breakers or brise-soleil, one of Corbusier’smany formal inventions, which, while avoiding harsh sun, permit visual connection and air movement. While the brise-soleil act as free facades made of rough shuttered concrete, the north and south sides, built in rough brickwork, are almost unbroken.

A ceremonial ramp makes for a grand approach into a triple height entrance hall, open to the wind. Arrival is on the first floor, where (as per the original design) the executives’ offices and boardroom are located. The ground floor houses the work-spaces of the clerks and a separate, single-story canteen at the rear.

On the second floor of the Mill Owners’ Building, the lobby is treated as “an open space defined by harsh, angular forms and the auditorium as an enclosed space delineated by soft, curvilinear forms …two contradictory elements that both need the other in order to exist.”