-
Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
i
SRI PRIHATININGSIH.dkk
TEKNIK KOMPUTER DAN JARINGAN
SMK
Direktorat Pembinaan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Direktorat
Jenderal Manajemen Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Departemen
Pendidikan Nasional
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Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) ii
Penyusun
Dra. Sri Prihatiningsih, MT Rudi Haryadi,ST Nusirwan Hakim, SPd
Yuli Pamungkas , SP Institusi : SMK Negeri 1 Cimahi
Editor Nama : Hertog Nugroho.Phd
Institusi : Politeknik Negeri Bandung
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Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
iii
SAMBUTAN DIREKTUR PEMBINAAN SMK
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Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) iv
KATA PENGANTAR PENYUSUN
Pertama-tama penulis panjatkan puji syukur kehadlirat Allah SWT.
atas segala rahmat dan karuniaNya hingga penyusunan buku kejuruan
SMK Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan ini dapat terselesaikan.
Buku ini disusun dari tingkat pemahaman dasar Komputer mulai
merakit PC, merawat PC, sampai memperbaiki PC hingga aplikasi
lanjut yang digunakan dalam membuat Jaringan Komputer baik yang
menggunakan kabel maupun yang tanpa kabel juga untuk jaringan lokal
(LAN) sampai pada jaringan luas (WAN). Dalam buku ini juga dibahas
tentang administrasi server berikut security pada jaringan
komputer. Isi buku ini sengaja disajikan secara praktis dan lengkap
sehingga dapat membantu para siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK),
mahasiswa, guru serta para praktisi industri.
Buku teks ini merupakan salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk
mengejar ketertinggalan sebagaimana disebutkan yang diharapkan
menjadi bahan rujukan sebagai dasar pengembangan Teknik Komputer
dan Jaringan di SMK untuk dikembangkan dan disempunakan melalui
temuan-temuan dalam praktik di sekolah serta memotivasi
pelaku-pelaku pendidikan di sekolah khususnya guru praktik untuk
senantiasa mengembangkan materi bahan ajar sesuai dengan bidangnya,
memberikan kritik dan saran untuk menyempurnakan dan melengkapi
buku teks ini agar dapat membekali peserta didik secara
optimal.
Tim penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada berbagai pihak yang
telah membantu materi naskah serta dorongan semangat dalam
penyelesaian buku ini. Kami sangat berharap dan terbuka untuk
masukan serta kritik konstruktif dari para pembaca sehingga dimasa
datang buku ini lebih sempurna dan implementatif.
Tak ada yang sempurna kecuali Dia yang memiliki segala puji.
Oleh karena itu masukan dan saran penulis harapkan untuk
kesempurnaan penulisan ini, atas saran dan masukannya kami ucapkan
banyak terimakasih.
Jakarta , November 2008
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Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
v
DAFTAR ISI
Sambutan Direktur Pembinaan
SMK..........................................................................
ii Kata Pengantar
........................................................................................................
iii Daftar
Isi....................................................................................................................
iv Daftar Tabel
..............................................................................................................xii
Daftar Gambar
.........................................................................................................
xiii Lembar
Pengesahan...............................................................................................
xxii
Glossary.................................................................................................................
xxiii Sinopsis
.................................................................................................................
xxvi Spektrum Kompetensi Keahlian Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
............................xxvii Peta
Kompetensi.....................................................................................................xxix
Daftar Pustaka
........................................................................................................xxxi
Bab 1 Dasar-dasar Personal Komputer
............................................................... 1
1.1
Pendahuluan..................................................................................................1
1.2 Latar
Belakang...............................................................................................1
1.2.1 Manfaat Komputer
................................................................................2
1.3 Sejarah
Perkembangan..................................................................................3
1.3.1 Alat Hitung Tradisional dan Kalkulator
Mekanik....................................3 1.3.2 Komputer
Generasi
Pertama................................................................5
1.3.3 Komputer Generasi Kedua
...................................................................8
1.3.4 Komputer Generasi Ketiga
...................................................................9
1.3.5 Komputer Generasi Keempat
...............................................................9
1.3.6 Komputer Generasi
Kelima.................................................................11
1.4 Organisasi Sistem
Komputer........................................................................12
1.4.1 Central Processing Unit
.......................................................................
13 1.4.2 Memory
................................................................................................
13 1.4.3 Data Bus
..............................................................................................
13 1.4.4 Address
Bus.........................................................................................
13 1.4.5 Control Bus
..........................................................................................
13 1.4.6 Input/Output (I/O) Ports
.......................................................................
13
1.5 Perangkat
Input............................................................................................14
1.5.1
Keyboard...............................................................................................
14 1.5.2 Mouse
...................................................................................................
14 1.5.3
Trackball................................................................................................
15 1.5.4
Scanner.................................................................................................
15 1.5.5 Digitizer
.................................................................................................
15 1.5.6
Kamera..................................................................................................
16 1.5.7
Mic.........................................................................................................
16 1.5.8 Joystick
.................................................................................................
16
1.6 Perangkat
Output.........................................................................................16
1.6.1 Monitor
..................................................................................................
17 1.6.2
Printer....................................................................................................
18 1.6.3
Speaker.................................................................................................
19 1.6.4 LCD Projector
.......................................................................................
20
1.7 Prosesor
......................................................................................................20
1.7.1 Generasi pertama
.................................................................................
20 1.7.2 Generasi Kedua
....................................................................................
21
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Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) vi
1.7.3 Generasi Ketiga
....................................................................................
21 1.7.4 Generasi Keempat
................................................................................
21 1.7.5 Generasi
Kelima....................................................................................
21 1.7.6 Generasi Keenam
.................................................................................
22 1.7.7 Generasi Ketujuh
..................................................................................
24 1.7.8 Generasi ke 8 Intel Core 2 Duo
............................................................ 25
1.8 Sistem Pendukung
......................................................................................
27 1.8.1 Motherboard
..........................................................................................
27 1.8.2 Memori
..................................................................................................
28 1.8.3 Expansion
Card.....................................................................................
30 1.8.4 Memori Eksternal
..................................................................................
32
1.9 Sistem
Operasi............................................................................................
37 1.9.1 Komponen Sistem
Operasi...................................................................
37 1.9.2 Fungsi dan Layanan Sistem Operasi
................................................... 41 1.9.3
Struktur Sistem
Operasi........................................................................
43 1.9.4 Tipe Sistem Operasi
.............................................................................
48 1.9.5 Pemilihan Sistem Operasi
....................................................................
50
1.10. Soal-soal
.....................................................................................................
51
Bab 2 Merakit Merawat Dan Memperbaiki Komputer
PersonaL........................ 52 2.1
Pendahuluan...............................................................................................
52 2.2 Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja
.............................................................
52
2.2.1 Electro Static Discharge
(ESD).............................................................
52 2.2.2 Perangkat Proteksi ESD
.......................................................................
53 2.2.3 Sumber-sumber Bahaya
.......................................................................
54 2.2.4 Posisi Kerja yang Baik
.......................................................................
57 2.2.5 Kecelakaan
Kerja...............................................................................
59 2.2.6 Menjaga Lingkungan Hidup
...............................................................
61
2.3 Perakitan Komputer
Personal......................................................................
62 2.3.1 Mengenal Layout
Mother-board............................................................
58 2.3.2 Langkah-langkah Perakitan
..................................................................
62 2.3.3 Setting BIOS
.........................................................................................
76 2.3.4 Partisi dan High Level Format Harddisk
............................................... 85
2.3 Melakukan Perawatan
PC...........................................................................
88 2.3.1 Perangkat untuk Perawatan
.................................................................
89 2.3.2 Perawatan Peripheral PC
.....................................................................
91 2.3.3 Perawatan secara software
..................................................................
94 2.3.4 Penjadwalan Perawatan PC
.................................................................
97
2.4 Diagnosa dan
Troubleshooting....................................................................
97 2.4.1 Motherboard
..........................................................................................
97 2.4.2 Prosesor/CPU
.......................................................................................
98 2.4.3 I/O Port
..................................................................................................
99 2.4.4 Media Penyimpanan
...........................................................................
100 2.4.5 Memori
................................................................................................
100 2.4.6 Monitor
................................................................................................
102 2.4.7 Perangkat
Input...................................................................................
103
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2.4.8 Kartu
Adapter......................................................................................
104 2.4.9
Rangkuman.........................................................................................
107
2.5 Upgrade
Komputer.....................................................................................108
2.5.1
Motherboard........................................................................................
109 2.5.2 Case
....................................................................................................
109 2.5.3 RAM
....................................................................................................
109 2.5.4
Prosesor..............................................................................................
110 2.5.5 Harddisk
..............................................................................................
110 2.5.6 Display
................................................................................................
110 2.5.7 Monitor
................................................................................................
110 2.5.8 VGA
Card............................................................................................
111 2.5.9
Port......................................................................................................
111 2.5.10 CD-RW DVD/RW
...........................................................................
112
2.6 Overclocking
..............................................................................................113
2.6.1 Mengatasi Masalah Panas
.................................................................
116 2.6.2 Dampak Overclock
.............................................................................
116
2.7 Masalah
Lingkungan..................................................................................117
2.7.1 Prosedur
Pembuangan......................................................................
117
2.7 Soal-soal Latihan
.......................................................................................118
Bab 3 Sistem Operasi Untuk Komputer Tunggal (Stand Alone)
..................... 115 3.1
Pendahuluan.............................................................................................
115 3.2 Microsoft Disk Operating System
...............................................................115
3.2.1 Struktur File
DOS................................................................................
116 3.2.2 Dasar Perintah DOS
...........................................................................
117 3.2.3 Membuat Disk Boot DOS
...................................................................
119 3.2.4 Booting Sistem dengan
DOS..............................................................
119 3.2.5 File Konfigurasi DOS
..........................................................................
120 3.2.6 Manajemen Memori
............................................................................
120 3.2.7 Perangkat Manajemen Memori
.......................................................... 121
3.2.8 Registry
...............................................................................................
121
3.3 Sistem Operasi Windows
9X......................................................................122
3.3.1 Windows 95
........................................................................................
123 3.3.2 Windows 98
........................................................................................
124 3.3.3 Windows Me
.......................................................................................
124 3.3.4 Struktur File Windows
.........................................................................
124 3.3.5 Instalasi Windows 98
..........................................................................
125 3.3.6 Mengoperasikan Windows 98
............................................................
129
3.4 Windows XP
..............................................................................................133
3.4.1 Jenis Windows XP
..............................................................................
134 3.4.2 Fitur dan
Peningkatan.........................................................................
136 3.4.3 Instalasi Windows XP
.........................................................................
137 3.4.4 Mengoperasikan Windows
XP............................................................
140
3.5 Windows Vista
...........................................................................................141
3.5.1 Edisi-edisi Windows
Vista...................................................................
143 3.5.2 Kebutuhan perangkat keras
............................................................... 144
3.5.3 Instalasi Windows Vista
......................................................................
145
3.6 Apple dan
Macintosh..................................................................................147
3.6.1 Jenis-jenis Macintosh
.........................................................................
148
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Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) viii
3.6.2 Mac OS
...............................................................................................
148 3.6.3 Mac OS X
............................................................................................
153
3.7 Beberapa pertimbangan dalam memilih sistem operasi.
........................... 155 3.8 Soal-soal Latihan
......................................................................................
157
Bab 4 Jaringan
Komputer..................................................................................
159 4.1 Komunikasi
...............................................................................................
159 4.2 Sistem Komunikasi Data
...........................................................................
162
4.2.1 Komponen Komunikasi Data
.............................................................. 162
4.2.2 Protokol
...............................................................................................
163 4.2.3 Metode Komunikasi
Data....................................................................
164 4.2.4 Handshaking
.......................................................................................
164 4.2.5 Kendali Aliran
......................................................................................
165 4.2.6 Model Referensi Komunikasi Data
..................................................... 167
4.3
Pengalamatan...........................................................................................
175 4.3.1 Kelas Alamat
IP...................................................................................
178 4.3.2 Kelas Alamat
Khusus..........................................................................
179 4.3.3 Alamat Private dan
Public...................................................................
181 4.3.4 Range Network
...................................................................................
181 4.3.5 Menerapkan
Pengalamatan................................................................
185
4.4 Routing
.....................................................................................................
192 4.4.1 Berdasarkan
Prosesnya......................................................................
192 4.4.2 Berdasarkan Pengisian Tabel Routing
............................................... 194
4.5 Soal-Soal
Latihan......................................................................................
197
Bab 5 Instalasi Jaringan
Komputer...................................................................
199 5.1 Klasifikasi Jaringan Komputer
...................................................................
199
5.1.1
LAN......................................................................................................
199 5.1.2
MAN.....................................................................................................
202 5.1.3 Wide Area Network (WAN)
.................................................................
202
5.2 Topologi Jaringan Komputer
.....................................................................
205 5.2.1 Topologi Bus
.......................................................................................
206 5.2.2 Topologi Ring
......................................................................................
207 5.2.3 Topologi
Star.......................................................................................
208 5.2.4 Topologi
Pengembangan....................................................................
208
5.3 Media Transmisi Jaringan
.........................................................................
208 5.3.1 Media Guided (Wireline)
.....................................................................
211 5.3.2
Wireless...............................................................................................
230
5.4 Perangkat Jaringan
Komputer...................................................................
238 5.4.1 Host,
....................................................................................................
239 5.4.2 NIC
......................................................................................................
249 5.4.3 Bridge
..................................................................................................
245 5.4.4 Modem
................................................................................................
247 5.4.5 Hub
......................................................................................................
247 5.4.6 Switch
..................................................................................................
249 5.4.7
Router..................................................................................................
250 5.4.8
Repeater..............................................................................................
251
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Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
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5.5 Teknik menghubungkan Komputer dengan Jaringan
.................................253 5.6 Persiapan, pemasangan dan
Pemeriksaan Perangkat Jaringan ................254
5.6.1 Survei
Lapangan..............................................................................
254 5.6.2 Pembuatan Topologi Implementasi
.................................................. 256 5.6.3
Identifikasi
Perangkat.......................................................................
259
5.7 Pemeliharaan Jaringan Komputer
..............................................................263
5.8 Diagnosa masalah pada jaringan komputer
...............................................264 5.9 Soal-Soal
Latihan.......................................................................................
268
Bab 6 Sistem Operasi Jaringan Berbasis GUI
................................................. 269 6.1 6.1
Windows NT
..............................................................................................269
6.1.1
Sejarah................................................................................................
269 6.1.2
Edisi.....................................................................................................
270 6.1.3 Versi
....................................................................................................
270 6.1.4 Fitur
.....................................................................................................
270
6. 2 Windows 2003
...........................................................................................272
6.2.1 Sejarah Pengembangan
.....................................................................
272 6.2.2 Edisi
...................................................................................................
272 6.2.3 Instalasi Windows Server
2003........................................................... 276
6.2.4 File
Server...........................................................................................
280 6.2.5 Print Server
.........................................................................................
282 6.2.6 Web Server
.........................................................................................
286 6.2.7 FTP
Server..........................................................................................
298 6.2.8 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Server (DHCP Server)
........... 296 6.2.9 Domain Controller (DC)
......................................................................
302
6.3 Menginstalasi Linux Ubuntu
.......................................................................307
6.3.1 Setting Alamat IP
................................................................................
312 6.3.2 Konfigurasi Sistem
..............................................................................
313 6.3.3 Login ke Sistem
..................................................................................
313 6.3.4 Paket Perangkat Lunak
......................................................................
314
6. 4 Soal-soal Latihan
.......................................................................................315
Bab 7 Sistem Operasi Jaringan Berbasis TUI
...................................................317 7.1
Pendahuluan..............................................................................................317
7.2 Jenis-jenis Sistem Operasi Jaringan Berbasis
Teks...................................317
7.2.1
Linux....................................................................................................
318 7.2.2 FreeBSD
.............................................................................................
318
7.3 Membuat Partisi dan File
System...............................................................319
7.3.1 Menggunakan
fdisk.............................................................................
319 7.3.2 Membuat Partisi
..................................................................................
321 7.3.3 Memformat partisi.
..............................................................................
323 7.3.4 Pengaturan Quota
..............................................................................
323 7.3.5 Memonitoring penggunaan harddisk
.................................................. 325
7.4 Instalasi Sistem Operasi Berbasis Teks
.....................................................326 7.4.1
Instalasi Linux
.....................................................................................
326 7.4.2 Instalasi FreeBSD
...............................................................................
332
7.5 Pengaturan Run Level
...............................................................................337
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Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) x
7.5.1 Proses
Booting....................................................................................
337 7.5.2 Mengatur Default Runlevel
.................................................................
338 7.5.3 Berpindah
Runlevel.............................................................................
338 7.5.4 Servis yang Dijalankan Runlevel
........................................................ 336
7.6 Konfigurasi Jaringan
.................................................................................
339 7.6.1 ifup &
ifdown........................................................................................
339 7.6.2 ifconfig
.................................................................................................
340 7.6.3 Mengatur
route....................................................................................
341 7.6.4 Mengatur DNS Resolver
.....................................................................
342 7.6.5 Konfigurasi Wireless
...........................................................................
342
7.7 File dan
direktori........................................................................................
343 7.7.1 Everything is
File.................................................................................
343 7.7.2 Kategori File
........................................................................................
343 7.7.3 Penamaan File
....................................................................................
344
7.8 Sistem File
Jaringan..................................................................................
344 Network File System (NFS)
.........................................................................
344
7.9 Soal-soal Latihan
......................................................................................
346
Bab 8 Administrasi Sistem dalam Mode Teks pada Sistem Operasi
Jaringan347 8.1
Pendahuluan.............................................................................................
347 8.2 Bekerja dengan Command Line Interface
................................................. 347
8.2.1
Shell.....................................................................................................
347 8.2.2 Bash
....................................................................................................
348 8.2.3 Perintah, Argumen, dan Option
.......................................................... 349
8.2.4 Nama file, wildcard, dan ekspansi path
.............................................. 350 8.2.5
Kustomisasi Lingkungan
Shell............................................................
350 8.2.6 Variabel Shell
......................................................................................
353
8.3 Penanganan File dan Direktori pada Shell
................................................ 354 8.3.1
Navigasi: ls, cd, dan pwd
....................................................................
354 8.3.2 Pagers: more, less, dan most
............................................................. 356
8.3.3 Keluaran Sederhana: cat dan echo
.................................................... 356 8.3.4
Pembuatan: touch dan
mkdir..............................................................
357 8.3.5 Menyalin dan
Memindahkan...............................................................
358 8.3.6 Penghapusan: rm dan rmdir
...............................................................
359
8.4 Pipeline dan Redirection
...........................................................................
359 8.4.2 Redirection
..........................................................................................
359 8.4.3
Pipeline................................................................................................
360
8.5 Administrasi
Sistem...................................................................................
361 8.5.1 Job Control
..........................................................................................
361 8.5.2 Membuat, Memonitor dan Mematikan Proses
................................... 361 8.5.3 Hard Links dan
Symbolic
Links...........................................................
365 8.5.4 Manajemen pengguna
(user)..............................................................
366 8.5.5 Mengganti Kata
Sandi.........................................................................
369 8.5.6 Manajemen
Kepemilikan.....................................................................
370 8.5.7 Kontrol Akses terhadap
File................................................................
371 8.5.8 Otomasi dan Penjadwalan Pekerjaan
................................................ 372
8.6 Penggunaan dan Pengaturan Halaman Manual
........................................ 374
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xi
8.6.1 Halaman
manual.................................................................................
374 8.6.2 Whatis
.................................................................................................
374 8.6.3
Apropos...............................................................................................
374
8.7 Backup Data
..............................................................................................375
8.7.1 Alasan Melakukan Backup
.................................................................
375 8.7.2 Media Backup
.....................................................................................
375
8.8 Soal-soal
latihan..........................................................................................375
Bab 9 Wide Area
Networks................................................................................
377 9.1 WAN (Wide Area
Network).........................................................................377
9.2 Koneksi Wide Area
Network.......................................................................380
9.2.1 Dedicated Point to Point.
....................................................................
381 9.2.2 Circuit Switching.
................................................................................
381 9.2.3 Packet
Switching.................................................................................
382
9.3 Protokol WAN
............................................................................................382
9.3.1 Protokol HDLC (High Level Datalink Control)
.................................... 383 9.3.2 PP (Point to Point
Protocol)................................................................
383 9.3.3 Protokol X.25 dan LAPB (Link Access Procedure
Balanced)............ 388 9.3.4 Frame Relay
.......................................................................................
390
9.4 Virtual LAN (VLAN)
....................................................................................394
9.5 Virtual Private Networks (VPN)
..................................................................396
9.5.1 Protokol Tunneling VPN
.....................................................................
397 9.5.2 Keamanan VPN
..................................................................................
397 9.5.3 Membangun VPN
............................................................................
397
9.6 Membangun Koneksi.
................................................................................400
9.7 Diagnosa Permasalahan
WAN...................................................................402
9.8 Perbaikan Jaringan
....................................................................................405
9.9 Soal-Soal
Latihan.......................................................................................409
Bab 10 Pengelolaan Server Pada Jaringan Komputer
..................................... 411 10.1 Menetapkan
Spesifikasi
Server..................................................................411
10.2 Memilih Sistem Operasi untuk Server
Jaringan..........................................412 10.3 Memilih
Aplikasi untuk Server
....................................................................414
10.4 Membangun dan Mengkonfigurasi
Server..................................................414 10.5
File Server
.................................................................................................414
10.6 Printer
Server.............................................................................................423
10.7 Proxy Server
..............................................................................................429
10.8 DNS
Server................................................................................................433
10.9 DHCP Server
.............................................................................................441
10.10 Web Server
..............................................................................................447
10.11 Administrasi Server pada
Jaringan...........................................................452
10.11.1 Memonitor kinerja jaringan
............................................................. 452
10.11.2 Konfigurasi Quota
...........................................................................
452
10.12 Soal-Soal
Latihan........................................................................................
458
Bab 11 Sistem Keamanan Jaringan (Firewall)
.................................................. 460 11.1 Jenis
Firewall
.............................................................................................461
11.2 Tipe Firewall
..............................................................................................463
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Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xii
11.2.1 Packet Filtering Gateway
..................................................................
463 11.2.2 Application Layer Gateway
...............................................................
464
11.2.3 Circuit Level
Gateway.....................................................................
465 11.2.4 Statefull Multilayer Inspection Firewall
............................................ 465 11.3 Pengendalian
Jaringan..............................................................................
466
11.3.1.Koneksi TCP
.....................................................................................
456 11.3.2 Chains (Mata Rantai) Iptables
.......................................................... 470
11.4 Mendesain Sistem Keamanan Jaringan
.................................................... 473 11.4.1
Membuat Inisialisasi
.......................................................................
474 11.4.2 Mengijinkan Lalu Lintas Paket ICMP
...............................................475 11.4.3
Mengijinkan Paket SSH Masuk Firewall
......................................... 476 11.4.4 Mengijinkan
Akses HTTP Melintas Firewall ...................................
477 11.4.5 Mengijinkan Query Server
DNS..................................................... 477 11.5
IP
MASQUERADE.....................................................................................
478 11.6 Teknik Hubungan
Langsung......................................................................
480 11.7 DMZ (De-Militarized Zone).
.......................................................................
481 11.7.1 DMZ Pada Jaringan
Terpisah.........................................................
481
11.7.2 DMZ Pada Satu Jaringan
.................................................................
483 11.7.3 Firewall Dengan Hardware Khusus
.................................................. 485
11.8 Soal-Soal
Latihan..........................................................................................
485
Bab 12 Backup dan Restore Basisdata
........................................................... 486
12.1 Pendahuluan
.............................................................................................
486 12.2 MySQL Sebagai Database
Server.............................................................
486 12.3 Format Tabel MySQL
................................................................................
488
12.3.1 Format Tabel MyISAM
......................................................................
488 12.3.2 Format Tabel
InnoDB........................................................................
489
12.4 Instalasi MySQL
........................................................................................
490 12.4.1 Instalasi MySQL di Windows
............................................................ 490
12.4.2 Instalasi MySQL di Linux
..................................................................
493 12.4.3 Konfigurasi MySQL dengan Configuration
Wizard........................... 495
12.5 Menjalankan MySQL
.................................................................................
504 12.6 Administrasi User
MySQL..........................................................................
505
12.6.1 Menambah Account Baru Pada MySQL
.......................................... 506 12.6.2 Menghapus
Account dari
MySQL..................................................... 508
12.6.3 Mengubah Password Account pada MySQL
................................... 509 12.6.4 Mengubah Privilege
pada MySQL....................................................
509
12.7 Organisasi Database MySQL
....................................................................
510 12.8 Backup dan Restore
Database..................................................................
514
12.8.1 Data File
MySQL...............................................................................
515 12.8.2 Membackup Database
......................................................................
516 12.8.3 Menggunakan Batch File
..................................................................
530 12.8.4 Mengimpor
Data................................................................................
531 12.8.5 Replikasi
MySQL...............................................................................
533
12.9 Soal-soal Latihan
......................................................................................
538
-
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Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
xiii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 1 - 1 Level pada sistem
operasi......................................................... 45
Tabel 3 - 1 Perintah internal
DOS................................................................
117 Tabel 3 - 2 External Command
...................................................................
119 Tabel 3 - 3 Fungsi bagian-bagian window
.................................................. 130 Tabel 3 - 4
Kebutuhan Perangkat keras Windows Vista
............................. 144 Tabel 7 - 1 Blok device
berdasarkan media dan interface .......................... 319
Tabel 8 - 1 Daftar Wildcard
.........................................................................
350 Tabel 8 - 2 File kustomisasi lingkungan kerja bash
.................................... 351 Tabel 8 - 3 Daftar Opsi
...............................................................................
353 Tabel 11 - 1 Tabel Port UDP
.........................................................................
470 Tabel 11 - 2 Tabel Filter Pada IPTABLES
.................................................... 471 Tabel 11 -
2 NAT pada IPTABLES
............................................................... 472
Tabel 11 - 3 Tabel Mangle
...........................................................................
473
-
Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xiv
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1 - 1 Abacus (sempoa)
..........................................................................
3 Gambar 1 - 2 Kalkulator roda
numerik.................................................................
3 Gambar 1 - 3 Mesin Babbage
.............................................................................
4 Gambar 1 - 4 Penghitung dengan kartu
perforasi................................................ 5 Gambar
1 - 5 Komputer
Z3..................................................................................
6 Gambar 1 - 6 Colossus
.......................................................................................
6 Gambar 1 - 7 Harvard Mark
I...............................................................................
6 Gambar 1 - 8 Eniac
.............................................................................................
7 Gambar 1 - 9 Komputer EDVAC
.........................................................................
7 Gambar 1 - 10 Komponen tabung hampa
........................................................... 7
Gambar 1 - 11 Komputer generasi
kedua............................................................ 8
Gambar 1 - 12 VLSI
............................................................................................
9 Gambar 1 - 13 Chip
ULSI..................................................................................
10 Gambar 1 - 14 Komputer yang dapat
digenggam.............................................. 10 Gambar 1
- 15 Salah satu jenis
laptop/notebook............................................... 12
Gambar 1 - 16 Salah satu jenis netbook
........................................................... 12
Gambar 1 - 17 Diagram Blok
Komputer.............................................................
13 Gambar 1 - 18 Satu unit komputer
....................................................................
14 Gambar 1 - 19 Salah satu jenis Keyboard
........................................................ 14 Gambar
1 - 20 Konektor keyboard
....................................................................
14 Gambar 1 - 21 Keyboard wireless
.....................................................................
14 Gambar 1 - 22 Beberapa jenis Mouse
............................................................... 15
Gambar 1 - 23
Trackball...................................................................................
15 Gambar 1 - 24 Flatbed Scanner
.......................................................................
15 Gambar 1 - 25 Handheld
Scanner.....................................................................
15 Gambar 1 - 26 Digitizer
.....................................................................................
16 Gambar 1 - 27 Kamera
Digital...........................................................................
16 Gambar 1 - 28 Microphone
...............................................................................
16 Gambar 1 - 29 Beberapa jenis Joystick yang sering digunakan
....................... 16 Gambar 1 - 30 Monitor CRT
.............................................................................
17 Gambar 1 - 31
LCD...........................................................................................
17 Gambar 1 - 32 Printer Dot Matrix 9 pin dan 24 pin
............................................ 18 Gambar 1 - 33
Contoh Printer
Inkjet..................................................................
19 Gambar 1 - 34 Beberapa Laserjet
Printer..........................................................
19 Gambar 1 - 35 Contoh Plotter
..........................................................................
19 Gambar 1 - 36 Speaker Surround
...................................................................
19 Gambar 1 - 37 LCD
Projector............................................................................
20 Gambar 1 - 38 Beberapa Contoh Prosesor
....................................................... 20 Gambar 1
- 39 Intel 8086
..................................................................................
20 Gambar 1 - 40 Prosesor80286
..........................................................................
21 Gambar 1 - 41 Prosesor i386
............................................................................
21 Gambar 1 - 42 Prosesor Intel 486
.....................................................................
21 Gambar 1 - 43 Prosesor Keluaran
Cyrix........................................................... 22
Gambar 1 - 44 Socket 8
....................................................................................
23 Gambar 1 - 45 Prosesor generasi Keenam dari
Intel........................................ 23 Gambar 1 - 46
Prosesor Generasi Ketujuh dari
AMD........................................ 24
-
Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
xv
Gambar 1 - 47 Intel Core 2 Duo
.........................................................................25
Gambar 1 - 49 Alur data Memori
.......................................................................
28 Gambar 1 - 50 Memori
Module.........................................................................
29 Gambar 1 - 51 VGA card dengan Slot
AGP....................................................... 30
Gambar 1 - 52 Sound Card
..............................................................................
31 Gambar 1 - 53 NIC Jenis 10 MBps
....................................................................
31 Gambar 1 - 54 Card TV tuner
............................................................................
31 Gambar 1 - 55 MPEG Card
...............................................................................
32 Gambar 1 - 56 Floppy disk drive 5,25 inch
........................................................ 32 Gambar
1 - 57 Floppy disk drive 3,5 inch
.......................................................... 32
Gambar 1 - 58 Bentuk fisik Hard
Disk...............................................................
32 Gambar 1 - 59 Compact
disc.............................................................................
33 Gambar 1 - 60 Bentuk fisik CDROM driver
........................................................ 33 Gambar
1 - 61 Proses penulisan pada CD-RW
................................................. 33 Gambar 1 - 62
Media DVD
................................................................................
36 Gambar 1 - 63 Lingkungan server
.....................................................................
37 Gambar 1 - 64 Text User Interface
....................................................................
38 Gambar 1 - 65 Struktur Pohon File
....................................................................
38 Gambar 1 - 66 Disk defragmenter bawaan
Windows......................................... 42 Gambar 1 - 67
Hubungan antar komponen dalam sistem komputer.................. 42
Gambar 1 - 68 Lapisan pada sistem operasi
..................................................... 44 Gambar 1 -
69 Lapisan Sistem Operasi Secara Umum
..................................... 48 Gambar 1 - 70
Mengoperasikan beberapa aplikasi dalam waktu bersamaan ... 48
Gambar 1 - 71 Tampilan desktop Windows 98
.................................................. 49 Gambar 1 - 72
Macintosh
OSX..........................................................................49
Gambar 2 - 1 Proses terjadinya ESD ............ ......
...........................................53 Gambar 2 - 2 ESD
Static Mats
..........................................................................53
Gambar 2 - 3 Antistatic spray
............................................................................53
Gambar 2 - 4 Wrist strap
...................................................................................54
Gambar 2 - 5 Cahaya laser pada printer
laser...................................................55 Gambar 2
- 6 Komponen dasar printer
laser......................................................55
Gambar 2 - 7 Perjalanan kertas pada printer laser
............................................55 Gambar 2 - 8
Menghindari elektrostatik dengan menghubungkan tubuh pada
casing........................................................
...................................56 Gambar 2 - 9 Catu daya
komputer........................
...........................................56 Gambar 2 - 10 Bagian
dalam sebuah monitor
CRT...........................................57 Gambar 2 - 11
Mengosongkan tegangan statik monitor
....................................58 Gambar 2 - 12
Chipset..........................................
...........................................58 Gambar 2 - 13 Layout
Motherboard......................
...........................................59 Gambar 2 - 14 ROM
BIOS.
...............................................................................60
Gambar 2 - 15 Soket 370 dan Soket A, Serupa tapi tak
sama............................61 Gambar 2 - 16 Toolset untuk
merakit computer ...........................................62
Gambar 2 - 14 Tata letak umum sebuah casing
PC..........................................63 Gambar 2 - 15 Bagian
belakang casing jika dilihat dari dalam
..........................63 Gambar 2 - 16 Kabel panel
depan........................
...........................................63 Gambar 2 - 20 Panel
depan Casing......................
...........................................63 Gambar 2 - 21 Kabel
yang disertakan dengan motherboard...............................63
Gambar 2 - 22 Peletakan Motherboard.................
...........................................64 Gambar 2 - 23
Pendingin yang disertai compound
...........................................64
-
Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xvi
Gambar 2 24 Slot memori.........................................
.....................................64 Gambar 2 - 25 Posisi
Pemasangan memori..........
.............................................71 Gambar 2 - 26
Pemasangan Casing.....................
.............................................71 Gambar 2 - 27
Posisi Pemasangan Baut dan
Sekrup.........................................71 Gambar 2 - 28
Pemasangan Motherboard pada casing
.....................................72 Gambar 2 - 29 Pemasangan
Baut.........................
.............................................72 Gambar 2 - 30
Pemasangan kabel Power...................
.......................................72 Gambar 2 - 31 Pemasangan
VGA Card.................
............................................72 Gambar 2 - 32
Pemasangan baut VGA card........
.............................................73 Gambar 2 - 33
Pemasangan NIC..........................
.............................................73 Gambar 2 - 34
Pemasangan Harddisk .............................................73
Gambar 2 - 35 Pemasangan sekrup penahan
harddisk......................................73 Gambar 2 - 36
Pemasangan CD-ROM..................
.............................................73 Gambar 2 - 37
Pemasangan baut CD-ROM.........
.............................................73 Gambar 2 - 38
Pemasangan FDD.........................
.............................................74 Gambar 2 - 39
Pemasangan baut FDD .............................................74
Gambar 2 - 40 Jumper pada HDD dan CD-ROM
.............................................74 Gambar 2 - 41
Pemasangan kabel data dan power
...........................................74 Gambar 2 - 42
Pemasangan kabel data dan power FDD
...................................74 Gambar 2 - 43 Pemasangan
kabel data .............................................74 Gambar 2
- 44 Pemasangan kabel power dan LED
...........................................75 Gambar 2 - 45 searah
jarum jam, pemasangan keyboard, mouse, monitor, power
monitor dan kabel power................
.............................................75 Gambar 2 - 46
Tampilan jika perakitan berhasil
.............................................76 Gambar 2 - 47 Menu
awal AWARD BIOS.............
.............................................76 Gambar 2 - 48 Menu
BIOS features Setup...........
.............................................76 Gambar 2 - 49 Menu
utama
FDISK....................................................................86
Gambar 2 - 50 Pemilihan menu
fdisk..................................................................86
Gambar 2 51 Membuat partisi.................... ......
.............................................87 Gambar 2 - 52
Pilihan untuk membuat partisi ......
.............................................87 Gambar 2 - 53
Menghapus partisi.........................
.............................................87 Gambar 2 - 54
Format drive C dengan dos...........
.............................................88 Gambar 2 - 55
Peringatan akan terhapusnya data
.............................................88 Gambar 2 - 56
Cairan Pembersih (Compound)....
.............................................90 Gambar 2 - 57
Vacuum cleaner komputer............
.............................................90 Gambar 2 - 58
UPS.............................................................................................90
Gambar 2 - 59 Surge Suppressor..........................
.............................................90 Gambar 2 - 60
Peripheral PC................................
.............................................91 Gambar 2 - 61
Pembersih floppy driver...............
.............................................92 Gambar 2 - 62 Head
floppy yang sering kotor
.............................................92 Gambar 2 - 63 CD
cleaner......................................
............................................93 Gambar 2 - 64
Harddisk............................................
..........................................93 Gambar 2 - 65 Monitor
LCD..................................
.............................................94 Gambar 2 - 66
Printer............................................
.............................................95 Gambar 2 - 67
Penggunaan CHKDSK..................
.............................................96 Gambar 2 - 68 Disk
yang terfragmentasi ..............
.............................................97 Gambar 2 - 69 Drive
harus didefragment ...............
............................................97 Gambar 2 - 70 Port
USB.....................................................................................112
-
Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
xvii
Gambar 2 - 71 Setting jumper untuk
overclock...................................................116
Gambar 3 - 1 DOS prompt
...............................................................................
119 Gambar 3 - 2 Struktur file DOS
........................................................................
121 Gambar 3 - 3 Hasil perintah DIR
......................................................................
122 Gambar 3 - 4 Proses booting
DOS...................................................................
124 Gambar 3 - 5 Hirarki
memori............................................................................
125 Gambar 3 - 6 Desktop windows 98
..................................................................
129 Gambar 3 - 7 Desktop Windows ME
................................................................
129 Gambar 3 - 8 Partisi
.........................................................................................
129 Gambar 3 - 9 Ekstensi file menunjukkan asosiasi dengan
aplikasi................... 130 Gambar 3 - 10 Halaman proses awal
instalasi ................................................. 131
Gambar 3 - 11 Persiapan direktori
...................................................................
131 Gambar 3 - 12 Menentukan lokasi
...................................................................
132 Gambar 3 - 13 Add New Hardware Wizard
...................................................... 132 Gambar 3
- 14 Pemilihan lokasi
driver..............................................................
132 Gambar 3 - 15 kotak dialog display properties
................................................. 133 Gambar 3 - 16
Dialog untuk mengganti driver
.................................................. 133 Gambar 3 -
17 Window dan keterangannya
..................................................... 134 Gambar 3
- 17 Pencari file
...............................................................................
135 Gambar 3 - 18 Setting
waktu............................................................................
136 Gambar 3 - 19 Mematikan program yang membeku
........................................ 137 Gambar 3 - 20 Kotak
dialog add/remove
program............................................ 137 Gambar 3 -
21 Windows XP Professional
........................................................ 138 Gambar
3 - 22 Sebelum ditekan shift
............................................................... 146
Gambar 3 - 23 Setelah ditekan shift
.................................................................
146 Gambar 3 - 24 Logo Windows
Vista.................................................................
146 Gambar 3 - 25 Desktop Windows Vista dengan Tema Longhorn
..................... 146 Gambar 3 - 27 Tampilan Mac OS versi
pertama .............................................. 154 Gambar 3
- 27 System 1
..................................................................................
155 Gambar 3 - 28 Tampilan system 2
...................................................................
155 Gambar 3 - 29 System 3
..................................................................................
156 Gambar 3 - 30 System 4
..................................................................................
156 Gambar 3 - 31 System 4.2
...............................................................................
157 Gambar 3 - 32 System Software 6
...................................................................
158 Gambar 3 - 33 System 7
..................................................................................
158 Gambar 3 - 34 Mac Os
8..................................................................................
159 Gambar 3 - 35 Desktop Mac Os
9....................................................................
160 Gambar 3 - 36 Box Paket Mac OS X dan tampilan desktop
............................. 160 Gambar 3 - 37 Mac Os X 10.0
Cheetah ...........................................................
161 Gambar 3 - 38 Mac OS X 10.1 Puma
2001.................................................... 161 Gambar
3 - 39 Mac OS X 10.2 Jaguar
2002.................................................. 161 Gambar 3
- 40 Mac OS X 10.3 Panther 2004
................................................ 162 Gambar 3 - 41
Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger
2005..................................................... 162
Gambar 3 - 42 Mac OS X 10.5 "Leopard"
2007................................................ 163 Gambar 4 -
1 Sistem Komunikasi Data
............................................................ 166
Gambar 4 - 2 Metode Komunikasi Data
........................................................... 169
Gambar 4 - 3 Pembentukan
Koneksi................................................................
169 Gambar 4 - 4 Flow Control
...............................................................................
170
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Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xviii
Gambar 4 - 5 Sistem Windowing
......................................................................171
Gambar 4 - 6
Acknowledge.............................................................................171
Gambar 4 - 7 Susunan Layer Model Referensi OSI
........................................172 Gambar 4 - 8 Fungsi
Layer-layer pada Model OSI
..........................................175 Gambar 4 - 9 Model
Referensi
TCP/IP............................................................175
Gambar 4 - 10 Aplikasi TCP/IP
.......................................................................176
Gambar 4 - 11 Protokol Lapisan
Transport......................................................176
Gambar 4 - 12 Protokol Lapisan
Internet.........................................................176
Gambar 4 - 13 Protokol Lapisan Network Akses
.............................................176 Gambar 4 - 14
Perbandingan antara model OSI dengan protokol TCP/IP.......177
Gambar 4 - 15 Hubungan Tiga Jenis Pengalamatan
Komputer.......................178 Gambar 4 - 16 Pengalamatan pada
Protokol TCP/IP ......................................180 Gambar 4
- 17 Pembagian Format Alamat
IP..................................................181 Gambar 4 -
18 Halaman Control Panel
...........................................................182
Gambar 4 - 19 Halaman Network Connection
.................................................183 Gambar 4 - 20
Local Area Connection Properties
...........................................184 Gambar 4 - 21 WIzard
TCP/IP Properties
.......................................................185 Gambar 4
- 22 Informasi konfigurasi network dari jendela support
network.....186 Gambar 4 - 23 Tanggapan ipconfig /all
...........................................................187
Gambar 4 - 24 Tools Ping
...............................................................................188
Gambar 4 - 25 Routing Langsung
...................................................................189
Gambar 4 - 26 Routing Tak Langsung
............................................................190
Gambar 4 - 27 PC dengan dua NIC untuk fungsi
Router.................................192 Gambar 4 - 28 Topologi
untuk penambahan routing
.......................................193
Gambar 4 - 29 Tabel Routing Sebuah
Host......................................................200
Gambar 4 - 30 Contoh Topologi Static Routing
................................................200
Gambar 5 - 1 Local Area Network
...................................................................
199 Gambar 5 - 2 Simbol Perangkat LAN
........................................................... 200
Gambar 5 - 3 Hub
..........................................................................................
200 Gambar 5 - 4 Acces Point sebagai Bridge
................................................... 200 Gambar 5 -
5 Switch
......................................................................................
200 Gambar 5 - 6 Jaringan Ethernet
...................................................................
200 Gambar 5 - 7 Token Ring
..............................................................................
201 Gambar 5 - 8 FDDI
.........................................................................................
202 Gambar 5 - 9 Wide Area Network , Interkoneksi LAN, MAN dan WAN
........... 202 Gambar 5 - 10 Perangkat WAN
......................................................................
203 Gambar 5 - 11 Point to Point Protocol
............................................................ 203
Gambar 5 - 12 Frame Relay
...........................................................................
203 Gambar 5 - 13 Perbandingan Jaringan Komputer berdasarkan Jarak
............ 205 Gambar 5 14 Pola Hubung
Host...................................................................
206 Gambar 5 15 Topologi BUS
........................................................................
207 Gambar 5 16 Topologi Ring .
.......................................................................
207 Gambar 5 17 Topologi Star
.........................................................................
208 Gambar 5 18 Topologi Pengembangan
....................................................... 208 Gambar
5 19 Sinyal Periodik
.......................................................................
210 Gambar 5 - 20 Kabel Twisted Pair
.................................................................
212
-
Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
xix
Gambar 5 21 Konektor RJ 11
......................................................................213
Gambar 5 22 Konektor RJ 45
......................................................................213
Gambar 5 23 Penampang UTP
..................................................................214
Gambar 5 24 Penampang STP
...................................................................215
Gambar 5 25 Penampang S/STP
................................................................215
Gambar 5 26 Penampang S/UTP FTP S/FTP
.......................................215 Gambar 5 27 Susunan
Warna kabel twisted pair .....................................216
Gambar 5 28 Crimp Tools
.........................................................................216
Gambar 5 29 LAN Tester
...........................................................................217
Gambar 5 30 Tone Generator
.....................................................................218
Gambar 5 - 31 Susunan Kabel EIA/TIA 568 A dan TIA 568 B
....................... 219 Gambar 5 - 32 Koneksi menggunakan
Straight-throuh cable ....................219 Gambar 5 33 Susunan
warna Straight Through ......................................219
Gambar 5 - 34 koneksi menggunakan Cross Over Cable
..............................219 Gambar 5 35 Cross Over Adapter
...............................................................220
Gambar 5 36 Aplikasi Roll Over untuk konfigurasi Perangkat
...............221 Gambar 5 37 Penyusunan kabel berdasarkan susunan
warna ..............221 Gambar 5 38 Perapihan susunan kabel dengan
pemotongan ujung kabel
.....................................................................................222
Gambar 5 39 Pemasangan kabel tersusun ke dalam konektor
..............222 Gambar 5 40 Near-end Crosstalk
..............................................................223
Gambar 5 41 Far End Crosstalk (FEXT)
...................................................223 Gambar 5 42
Power Sum Near End Crosstalk (PSNEXT) ........................224
Gambar 5 - 43 Wiring Closet
........................................................................224
Gambar 5 - 44 Kabel Koaksial
......................................................................225
Gambar 5 - 45 Konektor BNC
........................................................................225
Gambar 5 - 46 Pilihan Jenis Fiber Optic
......................................................227 Gambar 5
- 47 Fungsi Fisik Fiber Optic
.......................................................227 Gambar 5
- 48 Single Mode Fiber
................................................................227
Gambar 5 - 49 Multi Mode Fiber
...................................................................228
Gambar 5 - 50 Tipe Konektor Fiber Optic
...................................................229 Gambar 5 51
Spektruk Gelombang Elektro Magnetik
..................................229 Gambar 5 52 Komunikasi Radio
..................................................................230
Gambar 5 53 Implementasi Komunikasi Radio pada Jaringan Komputer
....231 Gambar 5 54 Line of Sight
..........................................................................231
Gambar 5 55 Fresnell Zone
........................................................................231
Gambar 5 56 ISM Band
..............................................................................232
Gambar 5 57 Perangkat Wireless LAN
........................................................233 Gambar
5 58 Contoh Uni Directional
Antena................................................234 Gambar 5
59 Antenna Omni
.......................................................................234
Gambar 5 60 Antena yang terbuat dari kaleng
Susu....................................235 Gambar 5 61 Komunikasi
Satelit
.................................................................237
Gambar 5 62 Komunikasi Satelit dengan
VSAT...........................................238 Gambar 5 63
Komponen LAN
.....................................................................238
Gambar 5 64 Komponen WAN
...................................................................239
Gambar 5 65 Interface Serial
......................................................................239
Gambar 5 66 Slot Ekspansi ISA dan PCI
..................................................240 Gambar 5 67
PCI Ethernet Card
................................................................241
Gambar 5 68 PCI Wireless Card
................................................................241
-
Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xx
Gambar 5 69 Pemasangan pheriferal internal pada Motherboard
......... 242 Gambar 5 70 Penempatan PCMCIA pada komputer Personal
............... 243 Gambar 5 71 PCMCIA
................................................................................
244 Gambar 5 72 Wireless USB
.......................................................................
244 Gambar 5 73 Simbol
Brdge.........................................................................
245 Gambar 5 74 Bridge
...................................................................................
245 Gambar 5 75 Pengiriman data melalui bridge
............................................. 245 Gambar 5 76
Perangkat Segmentasi Network
............................................ 246 Gambar 5 77 Fungsi
Fisik Bridge
............................................................... 246
Gambar 5 - 78 Simbol Hub
...........................................................................
247 Gambar 5 79 Hub
.......................................................................................
247
Gambar 5 80 Tabrakan Paket Data (Collisison)
.......................................... 248 Gambar 5 81 Cara
Kerja Hub
.....................................................................
248 Gambar 5 - 82 Pemasangan bridge, switch atau router untuk
mengatasi
terjadinya (collision)
........................................................... 249
Gambar 5 83 Switch
...................................................................................
249 Gambar 5 84 Cara Kerja Switch
.................................................................
250 Gambar 5 85 Simbol Router
.......................................................................
250 Gambar 5 86 Fungsi Kerja Router
............................................................ 250
Gambar 5 87 Dedicated Router
..................................................................
251 Gambar 5 88 Proses Penguatan Sinyal oleh Repeater
............................... 252 Gambar 5 89 Repater/Signal
Amplifier .......................................................
252 Gambar 5 90 Peer to Peer
.........................................................................
253 Gambar 5 91 Client Server
.........................................................................
253 Gambar 5 92 Rol Meter
..............................................................................
254 Gambar 5 93 AVO Meter
............................................................................
254 Gambar 5 94 GPS
......................................................................................
254 Gambar 5 95 Spectrum Analyzer
............................................................... 254
Gambar 5 96 Teropong/Binoculer
.............................................................. 255
Gambar 5 97 Format Survei Lapangan
...................................................... 256 Gambar 5
98 Tampilan Awal Visio
.............................................................. 257
Gambar 5 99 Area Kerja Microsoft Visio
..................................................... 257 Gambar 5
100 Pilihan Simbol untuk Bekerja pada Microsoft Visio
.............. 258 Gambar 5 101 Icon Open Stencil
............................................................... 258
Gambar 5 102 Pilihan Stencil
.....................................................................
258 Gambar 5 103 Connector Tool dan Line Tool
............................................. 258 Gambar 5 104 Icon
Save
............................................................................
259 Gambar 5 105 Penambahan Target pada Solarwinds
................................ 262 Gambar 5 106 Akses Monitoring
Menggunakan Solarwinds ....................... 262 Gambar 5 107
Tampilan Peta dari Software Whats Up ..............................
263 Gambar 5 108 Skematik Koneksi UPS
....................................................... 264 Gambar
5 109 Diagram Alir Basic Trouble Shooting
.................................. 264 Gambar 5 110 Interkoneksi
Penangkal Imbasan Petir ................................ 266
-
Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
xxi
Gambar 8 - 1 User berkomunikasi dengan kernel melalui shel..344
Gambar 9 - 1 PDU Pada OSI Model
....................................................................377
Gambar 9 - 2 Komponen WAN
..........................................................................378
Gambar 9 - 3 Teknologi WAN
............................................................................378
Gambar 9 - 4 Dedicated Point-to-Point link
........................................................ 379 Gambar
9 - 5 Circuit Switch
...............................................................................379
Gambar 9 - 6 Packet
Switch...............................................................................380
Gambar 9 - 7 Fungsi Kerja PPP dari model Referensi
....................................... 381 Gambar 9 - 8 Handshake
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP)...................383
Gambar 9 - 9 Handshake PPP dengan
CHAP...................................................385 Gambar 9
- 10 Link X.25
...................................................................................386
Gambar 9 - 11 Link Frame Relay
......................................................................389
Gambar 9 - 12 Implementasi
VLAN...................................................................392
Gambar 9 - 13 Implementasi
VPN.....................................................................384
Gambar 9 - 14 Topologi Sebelum Implementasi VPN
.......................................395 Gambar 9 - 15 Topologi
Sesudah Implementasi VPN .......................................395
Gambar 9 - 16 Tampilan Awal Konfigurasi Hyper Terminal
...............................397 Gambar 9 - 17 Tampilan Remote
Terminal Melalui Hyper Terminal ..................398 Gambar 9 - 18
Software Putty untuk remote login
.............................................398 Gambar 9 - 19
Winbox Loader untuk Remote
Terminal.....................................399 Gambar 10 - 1
Pemilihan Paket Samba ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ......
...... ......408 Gambar 10 - 2 Tampilan gadmin-samba
........................................................... 411
Gambar 10 - 3 Menambahkan User
..................................................................
412 Gambar 10 - 4 Menambahkan direktori yang akan dibagi pakai
........................ 412 Gambar 10 - 5 Akses PC Klien ke File
Server ................................................... 414
Gambar 10 - 6 Daftar Folder yang Dapat dilihat
................................................ 414 Gambar 10 - 7
Konfigurasi CUPS melalui web
.................................................. 415 Gambar 10 -
8 Setting Sharing
Printer...............................................................
416 Gambar 10 - 10 Jendela Add Printer
.................................................................
417 Gambar 10 - 11 Penambahan Network
Printer.................................................. 418
Gambar 10 - 12 Penentuan Alamat Printer Server
............................................ 418 Gambar 10 - 13
Daftar Printer Setelah Penambahan
........................................ 419 Gambar 10 - 14 Jendela
Pencetakan
................................................................
419 Gambar 10 - 15 Menu Internet Options-Connections
........................................ 422 Gambar 10 - 16
Penentuan Alamat Proxy
Server.............................................. 423 Gambar 10
- 17 Proxy Setting
...........................................................................
423 Gambar 10 - 18 Struktur Hirarki DNS
................................................................
424 Gambar 10 - 19 Jendela gadmin-bind untuk mengatur DNS server
.................. 427 Gambar 10 - 20 Pemilihan Paket DHCP Server
................................................ 435 Gambar 10 - 21
Tampilan gadmin-dhcpd
.......................................................... 435
Gambar 10 - 22 Konfigurasi interface untuk dhcp-server
.................................. 436 Gambar 10 - 23 Menambahkan
range IP address yang akan dipinjamkan........ 436 Gambar 10 - 24
Pemberian alamat berdasarkan MAC address ........................
437 Gambar 10 - 25 Jendela Konfigurasi klien pada Microsoft Windows
................. 438 Gambar 10 - 26 Tampilan Browse Domain Local
.............................................. 442 Gambar 11 - 1
Ilustrasi Penerapan Firewall
...................................................... 452 Gambar
11 - 2 Arsitektur Firewall Pada Jaringan
Komputer.............................. 453 Gambar 11 - 3 Lapisan
untuk Proses Packet Filtering Gateway........................ 454
Gambar 11 - 4 Web server dengan Firewall
...................................................... 454
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Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xxii
Gambar 11 - 5 Statefull Multilayer Inspection Firewall dilihat
pada Model TCP/IP456 Gambar 11 - 6 Koneksi TCP Pada Firewall
....................................................... 457 Gambar
11 - 7 Sebuah Koneksi
ICMP...............................................................
458 Gambar 11 - 8 Sebuah Koneksi
UDP................................................................
459 Gambar 11 - 9 Proses Pada Paket yang Melewati Firewall
............................... 460 Gambar 11 - 10 SNAT dan
DNAT....................................................................462
Gambar 11 - 11 Skema Firewall dalam
Jaringan..............................................463 Gambar 11
- 12 Jaringan untuk Penerapan IP MASQUERADE........................
468 Gambar 11 - 13 Jaringan Hubungan Langsung
................................................ 470 Gambar 11 - 14
Jaringan DMZ Terpisah
............................................................471
Gambar 11 - 15 Jaringan DMZ dalam Satu
Jaringan..........................................473 Gambar 12 - 1
Halaman pertama Setup Wizard MySQL
....................................479 Gambar 12 - 2 Jendela
dialog Setup Type
.........................................................480 Gambar
12 - 3 Memulai proses instalasi
............................................................480
Gambar 12 - 4 Proses Instalasi MySql
...............................................................481
Gambar 12 - 5 Kotak dialog MySql Sign Up
.......................................................481 Gambar
12 - 6 Proses instalasi selesai
..............................................................482
Gambar 12 - 7 Halaman pertama
wizard............................................................484
Gambar 12 - 8 Jendela dialog untuk memilih tipe
konfigurasi.............................485 Gambar 12 - 9 Jendela
dialog untuk memilih tipe server
....................................485 Gambar 12 - 10 Jendela
dialog untuk memilih jenis penggunaan database .......486 Gambar 12
- 11 Jendela dialog untuk memilih lokasi dari innoDB
......................487 Gambar 12 - 12 Jendela dialog untuk
memilih jumlah koneksi yang dapat
dilakukan secara bersamaan
...................................................488 Gambar 12 -
13 Jendela dialog untuk memilih networking
.................................488 Gambar 12 - 14 Jendela dialog
untuk memilih tipe karakter ...............................489
Gambar 12 - 15 Jendela untuk menentukan MySQL sebagai servis di
Windows490 Gambar 12 - 16 Pilihan
keamanan.....................................................................491
Gambar 12 - 17 Jendela dialog untuk menjalankan
konfigurasi..........................491 Gambar 12 - 18 Command
prompt.....................................................................492
Gambar 12 - 19 Koneksi ke MySQL server dengan user
root.............................493 Gambar 12 - 20 Data file tabel
MyISAM
.............................................................503
Gambar 12 - 21 Data file tabel
innoDB...............................................................503
Gambar 12 - 22 Penguncian tabel personil
........................................................504 Gambar
12 - 23 Melakukan FLUSH
tabel...........................................................504
Gambar 12 - 24 Proses backup tabel
personil....................................................505
Gambar 12 - 25 File hasil backup tabel
personil.................................................505 Gambar
12 - 26 Perintah backup
tabel...............................................................505
Gambar 12 - 27 merestrore tabel personil
..........................................................506
Gambar 12 - 28 Perintah mysqldump untuk membackup
database....................506 Gambar 12 - 29 Proses backup
database
..........................................................506
Gambar 12 - 30 Menu
backup............................................................................507
Gambar 12 - 31 Menyimpan backup
..................................................................508
Gambar 12 - 32 Proses
backup..........................................................................508
Gambar 12 - 33 Proses backup
selesai..............................................................508
Gambar 12 - 34 Restore database dengan MySQL administrator
......................509 Gambar 12 - 35 Memilih file
backup...................................................................510
Gambar 12 - 36 Proses restore
database...........................................................510
-
Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
xxiii
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Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008) xxiv
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
-
Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan
Direktorat Pembinaan SMK (2008)
xxv
GLOSSARY
Wide Area Network
merupakan jaringan komputer yang mencakup area yang besar
sebagai contoh yaitu jaringan komputer antar wilayah, kota atau
bahkan negara, atau dapat didefinisikan juga sebagai jaringan
komputer yang membutuhkan router dan saluran komunikasi publik WAN
digunakan untuk menghubungkan jaringan lokal yang satu dengan
jaringan lokal yang lain, sehingga pengguna atau komputer di lokasi
yang satu dapat berkomunikasi dengan pengguna dan komputer di
lokasi yang lain
Local Area Network
LAN adalah jaringan komputer yang jaringannya hanya mencakup
wilayah kecil; seperti jaringan komputer kampus, gedung, kantor,
dalam rumah, sekolah atau yang lebih kecil
Switch digunakan sebagai penghubung komputer atau router pada
satu area yang terbatas, switch juga bekerja pada lapisan data
link, cara kerja switch hampir sama seperti bridge, tetapi switch
memiliki sejumlah port sehingga sering dinamakan multi-port
bridge.
Software Perangkat lunak atau piranti lunak adalah program
komputer yang berfungsi sebagai sarana interaksi antara pengguna
dan perangkat keras.
Troubleshooting pencarian sumber masalah secara sistematis
sehingga masalah tersebut dapat diselesaikan.
Periferal perangkat keras yang dihubungkan ke komputer untuk
meningkatkan kegunaannya.
BIOS, singkatan dari Basic Input Output System, dalam sistem
komputer IBM PC atau kompatibelnya (komputer yang berbasis keluarga
prosesor Intel x86) merujuk kepada kumpulan rutin perangkat lunak
yang mampu melakukan hal-hal berikut: Inisialisasi (penyalaan)
serta pengujian terhadap perangkat keras (dalam proses yang disebut
dengan Power On Self Test, POST) Memuat dan menjalankan sistem
operasi Mengatur beberapa konfigurasi dasar dalam komputer
(tanggal, waktu, konfigurasi media penyimpanan, konfigurasi proses
booting, kinerja, serta kestabilan komputer)
Sistem Operasi perangkat lunak sistem yang bertugas untuk
melakukan kontrol dan manajemen perangkat keras serta
operasi-operasi dasar sistem, termasuk menjalankan software
aplikasi seperti program-program pengolah kata