Sample Copy. Not For Distribution. · transmitted, in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without

Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.

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varfj{k ds yksx


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Orangebooks Publication

Vishwavidyalaya Marg, Civil Lines, Delhi NCR - 110054 Smriti Nagar, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh - 490020 Website: www.orangebooks.in ________________________________________________________________ © Copyright, 2019, Author

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varfj{k ds yksx vtc nqfu;k xtc yksx Hkkx 2

vkjrh iaMîk

ORANGEBOOKS PUBLICATION www.orangebooks.in


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अनु%मिणका

अ+याय 1 1

अ+याय 2 11

अ+याय 3 17

अ+याय 4 21

अ+याय 5 27

अ+याय 6 39

अ+याय 7 47

अ+याय 8 57

अ+याय 9 71

अ+याय 10 81


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varfj{k ds yksx

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अ"याय 1 tc ls <iyh ekÃ dk var gqvk gS] rc ls xqykcx<+] edM+hiqj vkSj lTtu

iqj uxjksa dh fe=rk nwljs jkT;ksa ds fy, ,d felky cu xÃ gSA ;g rhuksa jkT; fey dj brus rkdroj gks x, gSa fd budh 'kfä ds lkeus buds fdlh Hkh nq'eu dh fVdus dh fgEer gh ugÈ jgh gSA ysfdu xqykcx<+ ds jktk ohj Çlg dh Çprk vkSj ijs'kkuh fQj Hkh de ugÈ gqÃ gS ftldh otg gS jktxíh lEgkyus ds fy, dkÆrds; dk bUdkj djuk! tc lkjh dksf'k'kksa ds ckn Hkh dkÆrds; xqykcx<+ dk jktk cuus ds fy, jkt+h ugÈ gqvk] rc ;g loky mBk fd vc jktk fdls cuk;k tk,\ ohj Çlg dh vc mez gks pyh gS] muls vc jktikV ugÈ lEgyrk gS vkSj muds vius nksuksa csVs cjlksa igys MqxMqx lsu ds lkFk gq, ;q) esa ohjxfr çkIr dj pqds gSa] blfy, vius jkT; dh ft+Eesnkjh og fdlh ;ksX; O;fä ds gkFkksa esa lkSai dj viuk ckdh thou Hktu vkSj dhrZu djrs gq, fcrkuk pkgrs gSaA exj dksÃ Hkh uke mudks lw> gh ugÈ jgk gSA vkf[kj bl leL;k dk gy <w¡<us ds fy;s ohj Çlg us Lokeh fdÆdjkuan dh 'kj.k esa tkuk gh Bhd le>k vkSj rqjar Lokehth ls feyus ds fy, f'ko eafnj iagqp x, D;ksafd fdÆdjkuUn tYnh gh vius vkJe okfil tkus okys Fks] blfy, muds tkus ls igys gh muls bl ckjs esa ckr dj ysuk mfpr FkkA

tc ohj Çlg f'ko eafnj iagqps rks lkSHkkX; ls ijh jkuh uSuk nsoh vkSj czãkuan Hkh ml le; ogh¡ ij Fks blfy, tSls gh ohj Çlg us viuh leL;k fdÆdjkuan ds lkeus j[kh oSls gh ijh jkuh us dgk] Þegkjkt! vxj dkÆrds; jktxíh lEHkkyus ls budkj dj jgk gS rks esjs fopkj esa f'kok dks jktk cuk nsuk pkfg,A D;ksafd og ohj] le>nkj vkSj turk ds dY;k.k ds ckjs esa lkspus okyk O;fä gSA iwjs xqykcx<+ esa mlls c<+ dj nwljk dksÃ Hkh O;fä jktk cuus ds ;ksX; ugÈ gSAß \uSuk nsoh dh ckr lHkh dks ilan vkÃ vkSj vxys gh fnu f'kok dks jktegy esa cqyk dj ohj Çlg us mls viuk QSlyk lquk fn;kA Þf'kok] ge pkgrs gSa fd xqykcx<+ dh ft+Eesnkjh rqEgsa lkSai dj ge vkSj jkuh la;qäk viuk ckdh thou Lokehth ds vkJe esa vkSj t+:jreanksa dh lsok djus esa O;rhr djsaA blfy, tYnh gh ,d vPNs eqgwrZ esa ge rqEgsa bl jkT; ds jktk ds lkjs vfèkdkj lkSai nsauk pkgrs gSaAß

igys rks f'kok bruh cM+h ft+Eesnkjh vius Åij ysus ls FkksM+k fgpfdpk;k ysfdu ohj Çlg ds le>kus ij jkt+h gks x;k vkSj mldh Loh—fr feyrs gh jktk ohj Çlg us vius çeq[k eL=h dks jkT;kfHk"ksd dh rS;kfj;ka 'kq: djus dh vkKk ns nh vkSj czãkuan dks jkt fryd ds fy, ,d vPNk eqgwrZ fudkyus dks dgkA f'kok


vkjrh iaMîk

2

ds jkT;kfHk"ksd dh lwpuk feyrs gh iwjs jkT; esa [k+q'kh dh ygj nkSM+ xÃ] D;ksafd lHkh yksx ohj Çlg ds bl QSlys ls [kq'k FksA xqykcx<+ esa iwjs tksj 'kksj ls jkT;kfHk"ksd dh rS;kfj;ka 'kq: gks xb± vkSj bl volj ij ièkkjus ds fy, xqykcx<+ dh turk ds vykok lHkh fe= jkT;ksa dks Hkh fuea=.k Hksts x,A fygkt+k lHkh jktkvksa us ièkkj dj dk;ZØe dh 'kksHkk c<kÃA lTtu iqj ds jktk lqtku Çlg vkSj edM+hiqj ds jktk MqxMqx lsu ds vykok dsljxat dk eqf[k;k iq"dj ukFk vkSj Çpxkjh ns'k dk jktk gq'kkax Hkh jkT;kfHk"ksd esa 'kkfey gq,A buds vykok ckSuksa dk jktk fpUpqx vkSj taxy ds lHkh dchyksa ds ljnkj Hkh vusd migkj ysdj xqykcx<+ iagqps vkSj lekjksg esa 'kkfey gq,A [kwc èkweèkke ls f'kok dk jkt fryd djus ds ckn jktk ohj Çlg us Lokehth ds vkJe tkus dh viuh rS;kjh 'kq: dj nhA

pkjksa rjQ [kqf'k;k¡ eu jgh FkÈ] exj bl galh [k+q'kh ds ekgkSy esa Hkh jktk MqxMqx lsu uk tkus D;ksa ijs'kku vkSj vueuk FkkA mldh ijs'kkuh dh rjQ fdlh vkSj dk è;ku rks ugÈ x;k] ysfdu eaxy Çlg mldh Çprk rkM+ x;k vkSj mlus dkÆrds; dks bl ckjs esa irk djus dks dgk rks dkÆrds; us crk;k fd lquk gS MqxMqx lsu vius jkT; okfil tkus dh tYnh epk jgs gSa] bldk eryc gS fd dgÈ dksÃ xM+cM+ rks t+:j gSA

dkÆrds; bl ckjs esa MqxMqx lsu ls ckr djus dh lksp gh jgk Fkk fd ?kj iagqpus ij f'kok us mls cqyk dj crk;k fd jktk MqxMqx lsu dy lqcg vius jkT; okfil tk jgs gSa vkSj nks fnu ckn dkÆrds; vkSj eaxy Çlg dks edM+hiqj tkuk gSA dkÆrds; us gSjku gksdj iwNk fd edM+hiqj esa ,slk dkSulk t+:jh dke vk iM+k gS tks mls ogk¡ tkuk iMsxk\ vHkh rks muds ifjokj dks jktegy esa tkdj jgus dh iwjh O;oLFkk djuh gS] vHkh og dSls tk ldrk gS\ rc f'kok us dgk ÞugÈ dkÆrds; csVk! bl le; ;gk¡ ds çcaèk ns[kus ls T+;knk t+:jh rqEgkjk edM+hiqj tkuk gS ÞD;ksafd dqN vjls ls ogk¡ ij dqN vthc ls çkf.k;ksa dk miæo 'kq: gks x;k gS ftuls fucVuk edM+hiqj dh lsuk ds fy, ,d pqukSrh cu x;k gSA ;g çk.kh jkr esa vkdj cLrh esa dqN ,slk dj tkrs gSa ftlls yksxksa dh jkstejkZg dh ft+Unxh esa rwQ+ku vktkrk gSA dHkh fdlh lM+d ds chpksa chp vpkud yEch njkj vk tkrh gS vkSj dHkh jkT; ds cxhps lw[k tkrs gSaA dHkh vpkud unh dk ikuh de gkstkrk gS vkSj eNfy;k¡ ikuh ds Åij vktkrh gSaA exj dqN nsj ckn lc fQj ls igys tSlk gks tkrk gSA f'kok dh ckr lqu dj dkÆrds; us dgk Þfirkth] gks ldrk gS fd ckfj'k uk gksus dh otg ls ,slk gqvk gksAß f'kok us csVs dh ckr dks udkjrs gq, crk;k fd ,slk ugÈ gS ;g 'kjkjr t+:j dksÃ tknwxj ;k nSR; gh dj jgk gS] D;ksafd ,d 'kke dks tc dqN yksx vius [ksrksa ls okfil ykSV jgs Fks rks vkleku esa ,d pedhyh pht+ rst+h ls mMrh gqÃ vkÃ vkSj vkdj mu yksxksa ds Åij gok esa Bgj xÃA fQj mlesa ls ,d uhys jax dh fdj.k fudy dj lhèkh muyksxksa ij iM+h vkSj muesa ls dqN yksxksa dks ml fdj.k us ml pedhyh pht+ ds vUnj [kÈp fy;kA dkÆrds; dk eqag gSjkuh ls [kqyk jg x;kA Þfirkth] mu yksxksa dk fQj D;k gqvk\ vkSj bl ?kVuk ds ckjs esa irk dSls pyk\ß f'kok cksyk ÞcsVk] ml le; ftrus yksx ogka ij ekStwn Fks] muesa ls nks&rhu yksx ml uhyh fdj.k dks ns[k dj ogka ls nwj gV x, Fks vkSj Ç[kpus ls cp x, FksA mUgksaus gh cLrh esa vkdj lcdks bl ?kVuk ds ckjs esa crk;k FkkA fQj vxys fnu os lc yksx Hkh okfil ykSV vk;s ftUgsa uhyh


varfj{k ds yksx

3

fdj.k [kÈp dj ysdj xÃ FkhA exj mUgsa dqN Hkh ;kn ugÈ Fkk fd muds lkFk D;k gqvk vkSj fdlus fd;kA tc mu yksxksa dks gks'k vk;k rks os lHkh yksx [ksrksa ds ikl iM+s gq, Fks vkSj cgqr chekj vkSj det+ksj FksAß

f'kok us vkxs crk;k fd MqxMqx ds xqykcx<+ vkus ls igys edM+hiqj esa tks gqvk mls ns[k dj rks turk us jktk ds ikl tkdj lqj{kk dh xqgkj epk nhA gqvk ;g fd tc cLrh ds yksx 'kke dks viuk viuk dke [k+Re djds ?kjksa dks ykSVus yxs rks ;g ns[k dj pdjk x, fd mudh cfLr;ksa ds jkLrs fdlh nwljh rjQ eqM+ x, gSaA lkjs yksx cspkjs vius ?kjksa dh rjQ x, rks dgÈ vkSj gh iagqp x, vkSj jkLrs <w¡<us esa jkr Hkj bèkj mèkj HkVdrs jgsA exj lqcg gksrs gh lc dqN igys tSlk gks x;kA MqxMqx lsu blh fy, tYnh vius jkT; okfil tkuk pkgrk gS D;ksafd ogka ds yksx bl le; cgqr ijs'kku vkSj Mjs gq, gSaA fdlh dks le> esa ugÈ vk jgk gS fd ;g lc gjdrsa dkSu vkSj D;ksa dj jgk gS\ f'kok us vkxs dgk] ÞdkÆrd csVk] MqxMqx lsu dk ekuuk gS fd bl ekeys esa rqe gh mudh lgk;rk dj ldrs gks blfy, mUgksaus jktk ohj Çlg ls çkFkZuk djh gS fd og rqedks edM+hiqj Hkst dj mudh bl ijs'kkuh dks lqy>kus esa mudh enn djsaAß

f'kok ls iwjh ckr lqudj dkÆrds; edM+hiqj tkus ds fy, jkt+h gks x;k vkSj bl ckjs esa ckr djus ds fy, eaxy Çlg ds ?kj iagqp x;kA dkÆrds; dh iwjh ckr lquus ds ckn eaxy Çlg us dqN lksp dj dgkÞ ;qojkt! ;g dke èkjrh ds fdlh balku dk ugÈ gS vkSj uk gh dksÃ tknwxj ,slk dke dj ldrk gSA gks uk gks] varfj{k ds çk.kh gh èkjrh ij mrjdj miæo epk jgs gSaAß

eaxy Çlg dh ckr lqu dj dkÆrds; galus yxk rks mlus le>k;k fd tks ?kVuk,a edM+hiqj esa gks jgh gSa mudks djus dh rkdr varfj{k ds çkf.k;ksa esa gh gSA eaxy Çlg us crk;k fd tc og edM+hiqj esa jgrk Fkk rks ,d ckj xqEpqe uke ds ,d jkT; esa fdlh dke ls x;k Fkk ogka ,sls gh çk.kh vkx;s FksA mUgksaus ,d gh jkr esa dÃ edku rksM+ Mkys Fks vkSj dqN lM+d pyrs yksxksa dks ck¡èk dj isM+ ij cSBk fn;k FkkA oks cspkjs lkjh jkr isM+ ij yVds jgs vkSj vxys fnu tc fdlh us mUgsa ns[kk] rc dqN yksxksa dh enn ls mUgsa isM+ ls uhps mrkjk x;kA ;g lqu dj dkÆrds; us iwNk fd xqEpqe esa vk;s gq, mu çkf.k;ksa dk fQj D;k gqvk\ rks eaxy Çlg us crk;k ÞdkÆrds;] vki ugÈ tkurs gSa fd esjk ,d tqM+oka HkkÃ Hkh gS ftldk uke Øwj Çlg gSA tSls eSa vius ckyksa ls vius tSls yksx rS;kj dj ysrk gw¡ oSls gh esjk HkkÃ vius xkyksa ij FkIiM+ ekj dj gj FkIiM+ ls vius tSlk ,d vkneh cuk ldrk gSAß

eaxy Çlg dh ckr lqurs gh dkÆrds; us viuk lokyksa dk flyflyk 'kq: dj fn;k ftuds tokc esa eaxy us crk;kÞ ;qojkt! esjk HkkÃ igys jktk MqxMqx lsu ds jkT; esa turk dks vUu ckaVus dk dke ns[krk FkkA ,d ckj dqN yksxksa us vUu ds Hk.Mkj ls lkjk vUu pqjk fy;k vkSj MqxMqx lsu us pksjh dk vkjksi esjs HkkÃ ds Åij yxk dj mldks cgqr viekfur fd;kA Øwj bl ckr ls cgqr nq[kh gks x;k vkSj ge yksxksa dks fcuk dqN crk;s ,d fnu edM+hiqj NksM+ dj pyk x;k FkkA dqN fnuksa ckn tc eq>s irk pyk fd og xqEpqe jkT; esa tkdj cl x;k gS rks eSa mlls feyus ogka x;k FkkA mUgÈ fnuksa ogka mu çkf.k;ksa dk mRikr epk gqvk FkkA ,d fnu tc eSa vkSj Øwj 'kke ds le; xqEpqe ds ckt+kj esa ?kwe jgs Fks rks vpkud vkleku


vkjrh iaMîk

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ls ,d yky jax dh yEch jLlh tSlh pht+ vkÃ ftl ds Åij ,d vthc lk çk.kh myVk yVdk gqvk FkkA tc rd ge yksx dqN lksprs ;k djrs rc rd rks mlus uhps mrj dj viuh jLlh NksVh djds mlls t+ehu esa ,d xgjk xïk [kksn fn;k vkSj jkg pyrs yksxksa dks mBk dj ml x<~<s esa Qsadus yxkA ns[kus esa NksVk Fkk exj cgqr rkdroj Fkk og çk.khA ;g ns[k dj Øwj us eq>s b'kkjk fd;k vkSj ge nksuksa us vius tSls yksxksa dh Q+kSt cukdj mls ?ksjuk 'kq: dj fn;k vkSj vkf[kj mldks idM+ gh fy;k vkSj mls viuh QkSt ds gkFkksa esa lgst dj ge nksuksa HkkÃ x<~<s ls yksxksa dks ckgj fudkyus esa yx x, exj og rks cgqr pkykd fudykAß eaxy Çlg us xgjh lkal ysdj vkxs crk;k fd tc eaxy vkSj Øwj fey dj yksxksa dks xïs ls ckgj fudky jgs Fks ml le; muds nwljs lkfFk;ksa dk è;ku FkksM+k gV x;k rks ml çk.kh us viuh jLlh okys gfFk;kj ls mu yksxksa ij geyk dj fn;k vkSj mudh idM+ ls fudy dj Hkkx x;k vkSj fQj ls ml gfFk;kj dh jLlh cuk dj mlh ds lgkjs ls iy Hkj esa mM+ x;kA mlds ckn 'kk;n oSlk dksÃ Hkh tho ogka okfil ugÈ vk;k D;ksafd ckn esa ,slh dksÃ ?kVuk ogk¡ ugÈ ?kVhA

eaxy Çlg dh ckr lqu dj dkÆrds; Çprk esa iM x;kA eaxy dks edM+h iqj pyus ds fy, rS;kj jgus dks dg dj og vius ?kj ykSVus yxk] exj jkLrs Hkj mlds fnekx esa varfj{k ds yksxksa ls fucVus dh Çprk gh ?kwerh jghA ^bu çkf.k;ksa ls fucVus ds fy, rks ijh jkuh ls lykg ysus ds ckn cgqr lksp le> dj dksÃ ;kstuk cukuh iM+sxhA* ;gh lksprk gqvk dkÆrds; tc vius ?kj ykSV jgk Fkk rks jkLrs esa mls vkjo fey x;kA Þvkjo HkÃ;k! vki js'ke igkM+h ls dc vk;s\ß dkÆrds; ds iwNus ij vkjo us crk;k fd og dkQh le; ls varfj{k esa tkus ds fy, dksÃ ,slk rjhdk <w¡<us dh dksf'k'k dj jgk Fkk ftlds fy, fdlh ;ku dh t+#jr uk iM+s exj mlesa lQyrk ugÈ fey jgh FkhA fQj lw;Z ns'k ds oSKkfudksa dh enn ls vkSj laL—r dh dqN iqjkuh iqLrdksa esa i<+dj mls ,d rjhds dh tkudkjh feyh vkSj mlus viuk dke 'kq: fd;k tks fd vc iwjk gksus okyk gSA exj vHkh dqN NksVh eksVh ijs'kkfu;ka mls cukus esa vkjgh gSa mUgÈ ds ckjs esa tkudkjh ysus ds fy, og Kku Hkou vk;k gS vkSj ogh¡ dh vfrfFk'kkyk esa Bgjk gqvk gSA ;g lqu dj dkÆrds; us mls cèkkÃ nsrs gq, iwNk Þvjs okg vkjo HkÃ;k! rks

vkius D;k rjhdk lkspk gS\ß vkjo us tokc fn;k] ÞdkÆrdsय] eSaus ckny dh 'kDy dk ,d ,slk gYdk QqYdk fMCck cuk;k gS tks ikuh ds vUnj vkSj Åij rks pyrk gh gS lkFk gh gok ds tksj ls mM+rk Hkh gS vkSj t+#jr ds vuqlkj cM+k vkSj NksVk fd;k tk ldrk gSA mls ns[k dj varfj{k ds fuokfl;ksa dks ;gh yxsxk fd og ckny gS dksÃ i`Foh ls vk;k gqvk ;ku ugÈ vkSj os yksx ml ij geyk djus dh dksf'k'k ugÈ djsaxsA ysfdu vHkh mldh mM+us dh 'kfä dks c<kus esa yxk gw¡ rkfd og eq>s varfj{k esa vkjke ls ys tk ldsAß

vkjo dh ckr lqu dj dkÆrds; [kq'k gksdj vkjo ds xys yx x;k vkSj cksykÞ okg HkÃ;k okg! vc rks ge yksx vkids lkFk gh varfj{k ds çkf.k;ksa ds ikl tk,axsAß dkÆrds; dh ckr lqu dj vkjo us gSjkuh ls iwNk fd mls varfj{k ds çkf.k;ksa ls feyus dh dkSu lh t+#jr vk iM+h gS\ rc dkÆrds; us mls edM+hiqj esa eps fofp= coky ds ckjs esa crkrs gq, dgk ÞHkÃ;k vki ,dne Bhd le; ij vk;s gSaA eq>s nks fnuksa ckn edM+hiqj tkuk gSA vc vki Hkh esjs lkFk gh pfy;sxkAß



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