Page 1
salt, baking soda, water, sugar
oxygen, iron, hydrogen, gold
Matter
MixturePure
Substance
ElementsCompoundsHeterogeneous
MixtureHomogeneou
s Mixture
separate physically
cannot separate physically
separate chemically
cannot separate
Chemicalchanges
Physicalchanges
(solutions)
filtering
distillation(boiling)
(uneven, differences) NaCl NaHCO3
H2O C12H22O11
O2 FeH2 Au
differences or unevenly
mixed
uniform or evenly mixed
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Pure SubstancesElement:
-only one type of atom
-simplest form of matter retaining its properties
Examples:Carbon (C)Helium (He)Gold (Au)
(cannot be separated) (chemically or physically)
Page 3
Pure Substances
Compound:
different elements chemically bonded together
Examples:Carbon Dioxide (CO2)Water (H2O)Salt (NaCl)Sucrose (C12H22O11)
(can be separated… chemically)
Page 4
Sodium is a highly reactive metal stored in oil.
Cl2 (element)Chlorine kills organisms in pools.
It’s also a poisonous green gas.
completely new substance with completely new
properties
NaCl(compound)
Na (element)
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Compound:can be separated… chemically into…
H2O(liquid)
O2(gas)
H2(gas)
Hoffman apparatus
elements …which can… NOT.
Page 6
Mixtures
Homogeneous Mixture:
physically mixed evenly…it looks the same throughout
lemonadeSteel (Fe + C + Cr)NaCl + H2O salt water
distillation
(boiling)
(Solution)
Examples:Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) make brass.
physically separated by _____________.
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Mixtures
Heterogeneous Mixture:
physically mixed unevenly…can see the different parts
Examples: SandGraniteWood
2 Types:Suspensions & Colloids
Page 8
Separation (Group Discussion)
Sand + Iron (Fe) + Salt (NaCl) is a(n)______________________ that can be separated by …heterogeneous mixture
Physically:-pulling out Fe with magnetPhysically:-dissolving NaCl in water-filtering sand out-evaporating the water
Chemically:-decomposing NaCl with electricity into Na and Cl
Page 9
1. Passing an electric current through a substance produces oxygen and sulfur.This substance cannot be a(n)
A. compound.B. mixture.C. element.D. solution.
Quick Quiz!
Page 10
Quick Quiz.
2. Which of the following is a mixture?
A. sodium chloride (NaCl)
B. carbon dioxide (CO2)
C. sucrose (sugar, C12H22O11)
D. air (N2, O2, CO2, H2, Ar, …)
Page 11
Quick Quiz.
3. A blue-green solid is decomposed by heating.
A colorless gas and a black solid appear.
The blue-green solid must have been a(n)
A. heterogeneous mixture
B. homogeneous mixture
C. compound
D. element
+
Page 12
salt, baking soda, sugar, water
oxygen, iron, hydrogen, gold
Matter
____________
Substance
________________________geneous
Mixture_____geneous
Mixture
separate physically
________ separate physically
_________ _______
separate chemically
cannot separate
________changes
________changes
(________)
filtering
distillation(boiling)
(uneven, differences) NaCl NaHCO3
H2O C12H22O11
O2 FeH2 Au