Saint Louis Crisis Nursery Conference Positive Psychology
Strengths-Based Strategies for Improving Well-Being Bob Bertolino,
Ph.D. Associate Professor, Maryville University-St. Louis Sr.
Clinical Advisor, Youth In Need, Inc. Sr. Associate, International
Center for Clinical Excellence Slide 2 Tidbits For copyright
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[email protected]; P: 314.529.9659 bobbertolino.com Slide 3
From Pathology to Strengths What we have learned over 50 years is
that the disease model does not move us closer to the prevention of
these serious problems. Indeed the major strides in prevention have
largely come from a perspective focused on systematically building
competency, not correcting weakness. Prevention researchers have
discovered that there are human strengths that act as buffers
against mental illness: courage, future- mindedness, optimism,
interpersonal skill, faith, work ethic, hope, honesty,
perseverance, the capacity for flow and insight, to name several.
Much of the task of prevention in this new century will be to
create a science of human strength whose mission will be to
understand and learn how to foster these virtues in young people.
Working exclusively on personal weakness and on the damaged brains,
however, has rendered science poorly equipped to do effective
prevention. We need now to call for massive research on human
strength and virtue. We need to ask practitioners to recognize that
much of the best work they already do in the consulting room is to
amplify strengths rather than repair the weaknesses of their
clients. (p. 6-7) Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M.
(2000). Positive psychology: An introduction. American
Psychologist, 55(1), 514. 514. Slide 4 Strengths-Based Defined A
strengths-based perspective emphasizes the abilities and resources
people have within themselves and their support systems to more
effectively cope with life challenges. When combined with new
experiences, understandings and skills, those abilities and
resources contribute to improved well-being, which is comprised of
three areas of functioning: individual, interpersonal
relationships, and social role. Strengths-based practitioners value
relationships convey this through respectful, culturally-sensitive,
collaborative, practices that support, encourage and empower.
Routine and ongoing real-time feedback is used to maintain a
responsive, consumer-driven climate to ensure the greatest benefit
of services. Bertolino, B. (2014). Thriving on the front lines:
Strengths-based youth care work. New York: Routledge. Slide 5
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Slide 6 Posttraumatic Growth
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Slide 7 The Therapy Bias Freud
thought the best we could hope for was ordinary misery and
questioned the quest for happiness.Freud thought the best we could
hope for was ordinary misery and questioned the quest for
happiness. As a field, we have focused on client pathology and
problems.As a field, we have focused on client pathology and
problems. Until recently, psychological publications and studies
dealing with negative states outnumber those examining positive
states by a ratio of 15 to 1.Until recently, psychological
publications and studies dealing with negative states outnumber
those examining positive states by a ratio of 15 to 1. The bias of
both psychology and psychotherapy has been to get people back to
zero.The bias of both psychology and psychotherapy has been to get
people back to zero. A result has been the empty person.A result
has been the empty person. Help adolescents and families to develop
skills to flourish by reducing negative symptoms and building
well-being.Help adolescents and families to develop skills to
flourish by reducing negative symptoms and building well-being. By
leveraging assets we create opportunities for present and future
change.By leveraging assets we create opportunities for present and
future change. Slide 8 Positive Psychology Defined Positive
Psychology focuses on: What kinds of families result in children
who flourish, what work settings support the greatest satisfaction
among workers, what policies result in the strongest civic
engagement, and how peoples lives can be most worth living. (p. 5)
Seligman, M. E. P., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2000). Positive
psychology: An introduction. American Psychologist, 55(1), 514.
American Psychologist, 55(1), 514. Slide 9 Well-Being Contributors
Lyubomirsky, S. (2007). The how of happiness: A scientific approach
to getting the life you want. New York: Penguin. Slide 10 Five
Pillars of Well-Being (Intentional Activities) 1.Positive Emotion
2.Engagement 3.Meaning 4.Relationships 5.Accomplishments Seligman,
M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of
happiness and well-being. New York: The Free Press. Slide 11
Considerationsfor Leveraging Assets Slide 12 Considerations for
Leveraging Assets Focus on fundamental skills such as listening,
attending, and eliciting client feedback and respond to that
feedback immediately as a means of strengthening the therapeutic
relationship. Researchers have identified several aspects of the
alliance (i.e., empathy, positive regard, congruence) that are
known contribute to contribute to better overall alliances.Focus on
fundamental skills such as listening, attending, and eliciting
client feedback and respond to that feedback immediately as a means
of strengthening the therapeutic relationship. Researchers have
identified several aspects of the alliance (i.e., empathy, positive
regard, congruence) that are known contribute to contribute to
better overall alliances. Slide 13 Collaborate with clients on
determining which exercises provide the best fit. Numerous studies
in psychotherapy have demonstrated the clients rating of the
therapeutic alliance (i.e., the combination of client-therapist
bond, collaboration with the client on goals, and collaboration
with the client on tasks to accomplish those goals) as a reliable
and consistent predictor of eventual treatment outcome.Collaborate
with clients on determining which exercises provide the best fit.
Numerous studies in psychotherapy have demonstrated the clients
rating of the therapeutic alliance (i.e., the combination of
client-therapist bond, collaboration with the client on goals, and
collaboration with the client on tasks to accomplish those goals)
as a reliable and consistent predictor of eventual treatment
outcome. Slide 14 Consider cultural and contextual factors with
positive interventions. Any fixed moral vision that sees happiness
as a yardstick of a good life should be avoided. For example, a
youth raised in a European-American culture may think of happiness
as a process of autonomy and self-determination, whereas a client
from another culture may see happiness as relating to others and
fulfilling obligations.Consider cultural and contextual factors
with positive interventions. Any fixed moral vision that sees
happiness as a yardstick of a good life should be avoided. For
example, a youth raised in a European-American culture may think of
happiness as a process of autonomy and self-determination, whereas
a client from another culture may see happiness as relating to
others and fulfilling obligations. Rashid, T. (2009). Positive
interventions in clinical practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology:
In Session, 65(5), 461-466. Slide 15 Encourage clients to use
agreed-upon exercises in a routine and ongoing manner, continue
those exercises that have proven beneficial, and experiment with
new ones as needed. In studies researchers have found that people
with the highest levels of happiness are the ones who maintain
adherence to the exercises they were asked to try.Encourage clients
to use agreed-upon exercises in a routine and ongoing manner,
continue those exercises that have proven beneficial, and
experiment with new ones as needed. In studies researchers have
found that people with the highest levels of happiness are the ones
who maintain adherence to the exercises they were asked to try.
Circumstances happen to people, and activities are ways that people
act on their circumstance. (Lyubomirsky, Sheldon, & Schkade,
2005, p. 118) Lyubomirsky, S., Sheldon, K. M., Schkade, D. (2005).
Pursuing happiness: The architecture of sustainable change. Review
of General Psychology, 9, 111-131. Review of General Psychology, 9,
111-131. Slide 16 Package exercises to increase the likelihood of
benefit. It may not be practical for clients to do several
exercises in given day; however, it is suggested that therapists
encourage clients to try more than one exercise and do so on
multiple occasions over an agreed-upon time frame. In doing so it
can be helpful to work with clients on a combination of exercises
that can both contribute to an immediate boost of happiness and
those that can be incorporated into everyday routines and provide
longer-term satisfaction.Package exercises to increase the
likelihood of benefit. It may not be practical for clients to do
several exercises in given day; however, it is suggested that
therapists encourage clients to try more than one exercise and do
so on multiple occasions over an agreed-upon time frame. In doing
so it can be helpful to work with clients on a combination of
exercises that can both contribute to an immediate boost of
happiness and those that can be incorporated into everyday routines
and provide longer-term satisfaction. Slide 17 Positive Emotion
Slide 18 Our preoccupation has been the relief of suffering, the
alleviation of negative emotions It is clearly not the whole story.
Aaron Beck Aaron Beck Slide 19 Positive Emotion Happiness (and
lastingly happier); Joy; Life SatisfactionHappiness (and lastingly
happier); Joy; Life Satisfaction Past, Present, and FuturePast,
Present, and Future Positivity: 3:1 Ratio (Fredrickson)Positivity:
3:1 Ratio (Fredrickson) Signature StrengthsSignature Strengths The
Language of ChangeThe Language of Change GratitudeGratitude
SavoringSavoring MindfulnessMindfulness Focus on What Went Well (or
3 Things)Focus on What Went Well (or 3 Things) Slide 20 Positivity
Ratios Give the person a notebook, journal, calendar, or piece of
paper. Divide the paper into sections with each section
representing a day of the week. There should be enough room for up
to 20 entries per day.Give the person a notebook, journal,
calendar, or piece of paper. Divide the paper into sections with
each section representing a day of the week. There should be enough
room for up to 20 entries per day. Have the person write down
events that affect how they feel during the course of the day. The
person should write the event down in as close proximity as
possible to the actual time of the event.Have the person write down
events that affect how they feel during the course of the day. The
person should write the event down in as close proximity as
possible to the actual time of the event. Next to each event, have
the person select one of the following words to describe how they
felt about that event:Next to each event, have the person select
one of the following words to describe how they felt about that
event: Type 1: Amused, grateful, inspired, interested, joyful,
love, proud, sereneType 1: Amused, grateful, inspired, interested,
joyful, love, proud, serene Type 2: Angry, ashamed, disgust, guilt,
hate, sad, scared, stressedType 2: Angry, ashamed, disgust, guilt,
hate, sad, scared, stressed Add up number of Type 1 responses, then
Type 2 responses. Divide the Type 1 total by the Type 2 total to
create a Positivity Ratio.Add up number of Type 1 responses, then
Type 2 responses. Divide the Type 1 total by the Type 2 total to
create a Positivity Ratio. Examples: 5 events listed, 2 Type 1 and
3 Type 2 their ratio would be 0.67:1Examples: 5 events listed, 2
Type 1 and 3 Type 2 their ratio would be 0.67:1 Example 2: 11
events listed, 8 Type 1 and 3 Type 2 their ratio would be
2.67:1Example 2: 11 events listed, 8 Type 1 and 3 Type 2 their
ratio would be 2.67:1 Slide 21 VIA Signature Strengths Values in
Action (VIA)Values in Action (VIA)
www.authentichappiness.orgwww.authentichappiness.org VIA Survey of
Character StrengthsVIA Survey of Character Strengths Six
Categories:Six Categories: 1.Strengths of Wisdom and Knowledge
2.Strengths of Courage 3.Strengths of Humanity 4.Strengths of
Justice 5.Strengths of Temperance 6.Strengths of Transcendence
Slide 22 VIA Signature Strengths (cont.) 1.Wisdom and Knowledge:
Cognitive strengths that entail the acquisition and use of
knowledge 2.Courage: Emotional strengths that involve the exercise
of will to accomplish goals in the face of opposition, external or
internal 3.Humanity: Interpersonal strengths that involve tending
and befriending others 4.Justice: Civic strengths that underlie
healthy community life 5.Temperance: Strengths that protect against
excess 6.Transcendence: Strengths that forge connections to the
larger universe and thereby provide meaning Slide 23 Slide 24
Character Strengths and Posttraumatic Growth Character Strengths
found to predict Posttraumatic Growth:Character Strengths found to
predict Posttraumatic Growth: BraveryBravery GratitudeGratitude
HopeHope KindnessKindness ReligiousnessReligiousness Character
Strengths found to be important mediators of success in situations
characterized by significant cognitive, emotional, and physical
challenges:Character Strengths found to be important mediators of
success in situations characterized by significant cognitive,
emotional, and physical challenges: CourageCourage HonestyHonesty
LeadershipLeadership OptimismOptimism
Self-regulationSelf-regulation TeamworkTeamwork Mathews, M. D.
(2008). Positive psychology: Adaptation, leadership, and
performance in exceptional circumstances. In P. A. Hancock & J.
L. Szalma (Eds.), Performance under stress (pp. 163-180).
Aldershot, England: Ashgate. (Eds.), Performance under stress (pp.
163-180). Aldershot, England: Ashgate. Slide 25 Character Strengths
and Common Concerns Presenting Problem Potential Character Strength
Utilized Effective prevention of depression relapse Perspective,
Curiosity, Judgment, Spirituality Residual depressive symptoms
Curiosity, Perseverance Anxiety Self-Regulation, Bravery, Fairness,
Curiosity Body-image issues Gratitude, Kindness Drug Use
Self-Regulation, Bravery Trauma Perseverance, Bravery, Hope
Improved attention and working memory Self-Regulation, Love of
Learning Reduced anxiety; adaptive learning dealing with threat
Self-Regulation, Curiosity, Perspective Improved romantic
relationships Love, Kindness, Social Intelligence Decreased
negative self-focused attention Zest, Humor Decreased negative
affect Zest, Hope Rashid, T. (2009). Positive interventions in
clinical practice. Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session,
65(5), 461-466. Slide 26 Signature Strengths Exercise Take one
signature strength and for the following week use that strength in
a new way, every day.Take one signature strength and for the
following week use that strength in a new way, every day. Peterson,
C. (2006). A primer in positive psychology. New York: Oxford
University Press. Seligman, M. E. P., Steen, T. A., Park, N., &
Peterson, C. (2005). Positive psychology progress: Empirical
validation of interventions. American Psychologist, 60(5), 410-421.
American Psychologist, 60(5), 410-421. Slide 27 The Costs of
Negativity A recent study shows that extensive discussions of
problems and encouragement of problem talk, rehashing the details
of problems, speculating about problems, and dwelling on negative
affect in particular, leads to a signicant increase in the stress
hormone cortisol, which predicts increased depression and anxiety
over time.A recent study shows that extensive discussions of
problems and encouragement of problem talk, rehashing the details
of problems, speculating about problems, and dwelling on negative
affect in particular, leads to a signicant increase in the stress
hormone cortisol, which predicts increased depression and anxiety
over time. People who are in a more positive mood are better liked
by others and more open to new ideas and experiences.People who are
in a more positive mood are better liked by others and more open to
new ideas and experiences. Byrd-Craven, J., Geary, D. C., Rose, A.
J., & Ponzi, D. (2008). Co-ruminating increase stress hormone
levels in women. Hormones and Behavior, 53, 489492. Hormones and
Behavior, 53, 489492. Fredrickson, B. (1998). What good are
positive emotions? Review of General Psychology, 2, 300-319. Slide
28 Gratitude A prized propensity in the Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim,
Christian, and Jewish traditions.A prized propensity in the Hindu,
Buddhist, Muslim, Christian, and Jewish traditions. Being thankful
for and appreciating the actions of another.Being thankful for and
appreciating the actions of another. Emerges upon recognizing that
one has received a positive outcome from another person who behaved
in a manner that was costly to him or her, valuable to the
recipient, and intentionally rendered.Emerges upon recognizing that
one has received a positive outcome from another person who behaved
in a manner that was costly to him or her, valuable to the
recipient, and intentionally rendered. Can also result from a
nonhuman action or event.Can also result from a nonhuman action or
event. Slide 29 Gratitude Visit 1.Think of someone who has done
something important and wonderful for you, yet who has not been
properly thanked. 2.Reflect on the benefits you received from this
person, and write a letter expressing your gratitude for all he or
she did for you. 3.The letter should be approximately 300 words.
Rehearse the letter over and over until you know it by heart.
4.Arrange to deliver the letter personally, and spend some time
with this person talking about what you wrote. Slide 30 Gratitude
Journals; Diaries; Post-itsJournals; Diaries; Post-its Poster
BoardsPoster Boards Bulletin BoardsBulletin Boards Private and
Public ExpressionsPrivate and Public Expressions Slide 31
Strategies for Savoring Share with Others: Seek out other to share
an experience.Share with Others: Seek out other to share an
experience. Memory Building: Take a mental photograph or a physical
souvenir of an event and reminisce about it later with
others.Memory Building: Take a mental photograph or a physical
souvenir of an event and reminisce about it later with others.
Sharpening Perceptions: Focus on specific aspects of an
experience.Sharpening Perceptions: Focus on specific aspects of an
experience. Absorption: Become totally immersed in the pleasure and
try not to think about other matters.Absorption: Become totally
immersed in the pleasure and try not to think about other matters.
By Comparison: Once a day, take the time to enjoy something that is
usually hurried; note the difference.By Comparison: Once a day,
take the time to enjoy something that is usually hurried; note the
difference. Slide 32 Mindfulness Mindfulness is an overarching
human strength closely linked with human well-being and the ability
to adaptively self-regulate feelings and actions;Mindfulness is an
overarching human strength closely linked with human well-being and
the ability to adaptively self-regulate feelings and actions; In
flexing the self-regulation muscle, a mindful disposition offers
new insights by enhancing cognitive flexibility, which decreases
the need to control or alter environment and experiences; the
individual then moves toward acceptance and genuine appreciationIn
flexing the self-regulation muscle, a mindful disposition offers
new insights by enhancing cognitive flexibility, which decreases
the need to control or alter environment and experiences; the
individual then moves toward acceptance and genuine appreciation
Rashid, T. (2009). Positive interventions in clinical practice.
Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session, 65(5), 461-466. Slide
33 Mindfulness Exercises Identify key words that are validate,
support, inspire, and increase optimism. Then, say those key words,
repeating them in different ways while noticing the feelings,
thoughts, and images that arise. When you are done, write about
your experience for 5-10 minutes.Identify key words that are
validate, support, inspire, and increase optimism. Then, say those
key words, repeating them in different ways while noticing the
feelings, thoughts, and images that arise. When you are done, write
about your experience for 5-10 minutes. Capture a positive state
(i.e., feeling joy, spontaneous, inspired, or the like) and focus
on the words for 15-20 minutes, becoming fully immersed in the
positive state.Capture a positive state (i.e., feeling joy,
spontaneous, inspired, or the like) and focus on the words for
15-20 minutes, becoming fully immersed in the positive state.
Breathing space exercise is when a 3-minute exercise in which the
person tunes into the present moment, focusing on the breath, and
then expanding the awareness to sense the whole body.Breathing
space exercise is when a 3-minute exercise in which the person
tunes into the present moment, focusing on the breath, and then
expanding the awareness to sense the whole body. Mindful walking
and other forms of behavioral activation have been linked with
increased energy and well-being.Mindful walking and other forms of
behavioral activation have been linked with increased energy and
well-being. Slide 34 What Went Well? 1.For one week, identify and
write down three good things that went well each day; 2.Write down
what influenced or caused those things; 3.At the end of the week
reflect on the collection of good things. Slide 35 Creating
Positive Emotion: Further Exercises Your Way (1) Ask the person to
give his or her definition of happiness; (2) Have the person rate
his or her current level of happiness on a scale of 1- 10; (3) Work
with the person to identify two ways to boost his or her level of
happiness up to one point over the next weekYour Way (1) Ask the
person to give his or her definition of happiness; (2) Have the
person rate his or her current level of happiness on a scale of 1-
10; (3) Work with the person to identify two ways to boost his or
her level of happiness up to one point over the next week
Broaden-and-build positive emotions expand what an individual feels
like doing at any given time. (1) Have the person listen to a song,
watch a movie, or read a passage from a book; (2) Have the person
identify one of five emotions he or she feels (i.e., joy
contentment, fear, anger, or neutral); (3) Have the person list
everything he or she would like to do at that
moment.Broaden-and-build positive emotions expand what an
individual feels like doing at any given time. (1) Have the person
listen to a song, watch a movie, or read a passage from a book; (2)
Have the person identify one of five emotions he or she feels
(i.e., joy contentment, fear, anger, or neutral); (3) Have the
person list everything he or she would like to do at that moment.
Slide 36 Creating Positive Emotion: Further Exercises (cont.) Help
others to more easily adapt to changing circumstances by trying
something new on the fly, then writing or talking with someone
about how it felt to exercise creativityHelp others to more easily
adapt to changing circumstances by trying something new on the fly,
then writing or talking with someone about how it felt to exercise
creativity Encourage practicing happiness (start small example:
smiling at others)Encourage practicing happiness (start small
example: smiling at others) Use music, stories, movies and other
similar mediums to help others experience positive emotionUse
music, stories, movies and other similar mediums to help others
experience positive emotion Slide 37 Engagement Slide 38 Engagement
Being at one with some absorbing activity (Flow)Being at one with
some absorbing activity (Flow) Involves loss of
self-consciousnessInvolves loss of self-consciousness Considered
the opposite of Positive EmotionConsidered the opposite of Positive
Emotion Goal-directedGoal-directed Art, sports, conversationArt,
sports, conversation Slide 39 Flow in Action Choose an activity
that the person can focus on without interruption (e.g., a creative
endeavor, conversation, etc.)Choose an activity that the person can
focus on without interruption (e.g., a creative endeavor,
conversation, etc.) Have the person engage in the activity for a
minimum of 20 minutesHave the person engage in the activity for a
minimum of 20 minutes Immediately following the activity, have the
person write down what he or she remembers about the
experienceImmediately following the activity, have the person write
down what he or she remembers about the experience Slide 40
Positive Relationships Slide 41 Numerous studies document the link
between society and psyche: people who have close friends and
confidants, friendly neighbors, and supportive co-workers are less
likely to experience sadness, loneliness, low self-esteem, and
problems with eating and sleeping. The single most common finding
from a half century's research on the correlates of life
satisfaction, not only in the United States but around the world,
is that happiness is best predicted by the breadth and depth of
one's social connections. Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: The
collapse and revival of American community. New York: Simon &
Schuster. Slide 42 Positive Relationships Building positive
relationships and social connectionsBuilding positive relationships
and social connections People who are socially connected are more
resilient to the challenges of lifePeople who are socially
connected are more resilient to the challenges of life Two kinds of
social connectionsTwo kinds of social connections 1.One to one:
friendships; pets 2.Group/community connections: neighborhoods,
interest groups, church communities, professional or work groups,
groups of friends, sports teams, military units, support groups and
so on. Slide 43 Exercises for Building Positive Relationships Do
Cognitive MappingDo Cognitive Mapping Learn about and invest in
others interests. Let others know they are valued by knowing the
little things.Learn about and invest in others interests. Let
others know they are valued by knowing the little things. Use
activities, games, puzzles, or problems situations that foster
cooperation and working together, which creates we- nessUse
activities, games, puzzles, or problems situations that foster
cooperation and working together, which creates we- ness Active
Constructive Responding (ACR)Active Constructive Responding (ACR)
Slide 44 Active Constructive Responding Active-constructive
responding (an enthusiastic response): Thats great! I wonder what
other positive changes might be on the horizon for
you.Active-constructive responding (an enthusiastic response):
Thats great! I wonder what other positive changes might be on the
horizon for you. Active-destructive responding (a response that
points out the potential downside): So is that going to be their
expectation going forward?Active-destructive responding (a response
that points out the potential downside): So is that going to be
their expectation going forward? Passive-constructive responding (a
muted response): Thats nice, Mike.Passive-constructive responding
(a muted response): Thats nice, Mike. Passive-destructive
responding (a response that conveys disinterest): I didnt get
outside all day.Passive-destructive responding (a response that
conveys disinterest): I didnt get outside all day. Slide 45 Meaning
Slide 46 Slide 47 Meaning The Meaningful LifeThe Meaningful Life
Subjective sense of meaning is strongly correlated with
happinessSubjective sense of meaning is strongly correlated with
happiness Using what is best inside you to belong to and serve
something bigger than you are (the larger world and society)Using
what is best inside you to belong to and serve something bigger
than you are (the larger world and society) Positive Institutions
(i.e., religion, politics, family, community, etc.)Positive
Institutions (i.e., religion, politics, family, community, etc.)
Practice Positive DeviancePractice Positive Deviance
AltruismAltruism Future-Mindedness can help a person to become more
creative, optimistic, and hopefulFuture-Mindedness can help a
person to become more creative, optimistic, and hopeful Finding
Life Purpose (and/or developing the spiritual self)Finding Life
Purpose (and/or developing the spiritual self) Pascale, R.,
Sternin, J., & Sternin, M. (2010). The power of positive
deviance: How unlikely innovators solve the worlds toughest
problems. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press. worlds toughest
problems. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press. Slide 48 Altruism
Actions or behaviors that are intended to benefit another
person.Actions or behaviors that are intended to benefit another
person. Can be motivated by personal egotism, or it can be prompted
by pure empathic desire to benefit another person, irrespective of
personal gain.Can be motivated by personal egotism, or it can be
prompted by pure empathic desire to benefit another person,
irrespective of personal gain. Exercise: Choose something that you
can do for another person to make their life better. Complete the
act without telling the other person. Write about what how you felt
after completing the act of altruism.Exercise: Choose something
that you can do for another person to make their life better.
Complete the act without telling the other person. Write about what
how you felt after completing the act of altruism. Slide 49 Future
Pull 1.Find a vision for the future 2.Identify and dissolve
perceived barriers to the preferred future 3.Make an action plan to
reach the perceived future Slide 50 50 Finding Life Purpose or
Direction Four signals or life energies: 1.Blissed 2.Blessed
3.Pissed 4.Dissed Slide 51 Meaning and Purpose: Further Exercises
Encourage youth to join the movement movement.Encourage youth to
join the movement movement. Identify a new cause or effort to
invest self in (sometimes it is necessary to challenge youth and
others to use their dissatisfaction and/or sarcasm and take
action)Identify a new cause or effort to invest self in (sometimes
it is necessary to challenge youth and others to use their
dissatisfaction and/or sarcasm and take action) Slide 52
Accomplishment Slide 53 Accomplishment Often pursued for its own
sakeOften pursued for its own sake Self-discipline (Grit and
Determination) is twice as important as IQSelf-discipline (Grit and
Determination) is twice as important as IQ AchievementAchievement
CompetenceCompetence MasteryMastery Development of New
SkillsDevelopment of New Skills Accomplishments over life
spanAccomplishments over life span Donors and accumulatorsDonors
and accumulators Slide 54 Accomplishment: Exercises Spread the
WordSpread the Word Diaries, journals, scrapbooksDiaries, journals,
scrapbooks Artwork, musicArtwork, music Public speakingPublic
speaking