SAILING THEORY LESSON 1
S A I L I N G T H E O R Y L E S S O N
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C O V E R I N G T H E B A S I C S
T O D AY:
Nautical knowledge & Sailing concepts
Seamanship
Rope-work
Boat set up
Boat handling
Safety & the environment
Passage planning & navigation
O P T I O N A L F U T U R E S E S S I O N S :
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PA R T S O F A B O AT
• Mast
• Boom
• Forestay
• Backstay
• Spreaders
• Shrouds
• Pull-pit
• Push-pit
• Bow
• Stern
• Hull
I D E N T I F Y T H E F O L L O W I N G & W H AT D O T H E Y D O :
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PA R T S O F A B O AT ( C O N T )
U N D E R N E AT H T H E B O AT
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Rudder Propellor Keel
P L A N V I E W O F A B O AT
WIND
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Stern
AftLeeward - side furthest from the wind
StarboardForward
Bow
Windward - closest to the wind
Port
PA R T S O F A S A I L
The corners: • Head • Tack • Clew
The edges: • Luff • Leach • Foot
K E Y PA RT S O F T H E S A I L :
T E L L TA L E S
B AT T O N S
H E A D
R O A C H
L E A C H
TA C KC L E W
F O O TB O O M
L U F F
M A S T
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S A I L S
Mainsail
Headsail: • Genoa • Jib • Storm jib • Roller furling
• Spinnaker • Symmetric • Asymmetrical
D I F F E R E N T T Y P E S O F S A I L S
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A S Y M M E T R I C S P I N N A K E R
• No pole - connected to tackline
• Running downwind
• Angle of sail…60-90 degrees
K E Y F E AT U R E S
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S Y M M E T R I C S P I N N A K E R
• Use a pole, brace, kicker & topper
• Running downwind
• Angle of sail…90-180 degrees
K E Y F E AT U R E S
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R U N N I N G R I G G I N G
D I F F E R E N T R O P E S & T H E I R U S E S
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Rope Name Rope UseHalyardSheetsRunning TravellerCunninghamOuthaul VangKickerTopper BraceReefing Lines
F O R C E S A C T I N G O N S A I L S
1. Flow of air over sail produces pressure changes, producing lift & increases the speed of the wind over the upper surface
2. A combination of sideways force from the sail and opposite resistance from the water pushes the boat forward
3. A sailing boat does not blow over as the force of the wind is counterbalanced by weight & buoyancy
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H O W S A I L S W O R K : U P W I N D
“ P U L L M E T H O D ”
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H O W S A I L S W O R K : D O W N W I N D
“ P U S H M E T H O D ”
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G O I N G U P W I N D
TA C K I N G
WIN
D
H E A D I N G U P
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G O I N G D O W N W I N D
G Y B I N G
WIN
D
B E A R I N G AWAY
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W I N D O V E R S TA R B O A R D S I D E O F T H E B O AT I S S A I L I N G O N
W I N D O V E R P O RT S I D E O F
T H E B O AT I S S A I L I N G O N
P O I N T S O F S A I L
16Running
Beam reach
Close haul
Port tack
Starboard tack
In irons/ Head to wind
R O P E W O R K & K N O T S
K E Y K N O T S
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• Bowline • Figure of eight • Clove-hitch • Reef knot • Round turn and two half hitches • Fisherman’s stitch
R O P E W O R K
• Tying off to a cleats • Flaking a rope • Using Jammers • Camcleat