Safety, Health, Well-Being, & Security 12 Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
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Safety, Health, Well-Being, & Security
12
Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. Al l Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or dupl icated, or posted to a publ icly accessible website, in whole or in part.
LEARNING OUTCOMES
2Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. Al l Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or dupl icated, or posted to a publ icly acce ssible website, in whole or in part. HRM3 | CH3
1 Identify and discuss the central elements associated with employee safety and health
2 Describe the basic issues involved in the physical work environment
3 Discuss stress and stress-management programs in organizations
4 Identify and describe the most important HR-related security issues in organizations
3Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. Al l Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or dupl icated, or posted to a publ icly acce ssible website, in whole or in part. HRM3 | CH3
Employee Safety and Health
• Safety hazards: Conditions in the work environment that have the potential to cause harm to an employee
• Health hazards: Characteristics of the work environment that more slowly and systematically result in damage to an employee’s health
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Table
HRM3 | CH3
12.1 Most Dangerous Occupations in the
United States, 2012
5Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. Al l Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or dupl icated, or posted to a publ icly acce ssible website, in whole or in part. HRM3 | CH3
Categories of Occupational Illnesses
• Occupational skin diseases or disorders
• Dust diseases of the lungs
• Respiratory conditions because of toxic agents
• Poisoning
• Disorders• Resulting from physical agents
• Associated with repeated trauma
• Other categories of occupational illness
6Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. Al l Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or dupl icated, or posted to a publ icly acce ssible website, in whole or in part. HRM3 | CH3
Ways to Control Employee Safety
• Act that authorized the U.S. Government to create various standards regarding occupational safety and a health and administrative agency that enforces those standards
OSHA
• Safety engineers: Experts who carefully study the workplace, try to identify and isolate dangerous situations, and recommend solutions for dealing with those situations
Controlling accidents at work
Controlling occupational diseases
7Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. Al l Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or dupl icated, or posted to a publ icly acce ssible website, in whole or in part. HRM3 | CH3
The Physical Environment
• Hours of work• Working hours and its distribution can affect
employee safety and well being
• Circadian rhythms: Natural cycles that indicate when a body needs to eat or sleep
• Illumination, temperature, office, and work space design
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Figure
HRM3 | CH3
12.1 The Causes and Consequences of Stress
in Organizations
9Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. Al l Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or dupl icated, or posted to a publ icly acce ssible website, in whole or in part. HRM3 | CH3
Stress and Stress Management at Work
• Stress: Person’s adaptive response to a stimulus that places excessive psychological or physical demands
• Task demands - Stressors associated with the specific job a person performs• Overload - When a person has more work to do
than he or she can handle
• Physical demands
• Role demands
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Table
HRM3 | CH3
12.3 Most and Least Stressful Jobs
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Personality Characteristics Affected by Stress
• Highly competitive and highly focused on work with few interests outside of work
Type A personality
• Less aggressive, more patient, and more easygoing
Type B personality
• Individual difference that allows some individuals to experience less stress when dealing with stressful events, and that makes them more effective in dealing with the stress they do experience
Hardiness
12Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. Al l Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or dupl icated, or posted to a publ icly acce ssible website, in whole or in part. HRM3 | CH3
Consequences of Stress at Work
• Individual• Behavioral, psychological, and medical
• Organizational• Decline in performance and attitude related
• Burnout: General feeling of exhaustion that develops when an individual simultaneously experiences too much pressure and too few sources of satisfaction
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Consequences of Stress at Work
• Turnover: People leaving their jobs, whether voluntarily or involuntarily
• Dysfunctional behavior: Any behavior of work that is counterproductive• Theft and sabotage
• Sexual and racial harassment
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Stress and Stress Management at Work
• Wellness programs in organizations• Institutional programs: Undertaken through
established organizational mechanisms
• Collateral stress programs: Created specifically to help employees deal with stress
• Other interventions
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Workplace Security
• Safe and secure environment is a driver to human behavior
• Announcements layoffs are likely to increase feelings of insecurity concerning employment
• Insurance programs are designed to provide security in various forms
• Threat of bombings or kidnappings is a different type of security issue experienced after Sept 11, 2001 attacks
SUMMARY
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• Safe and secure working environment is the key driver to human behavior
• Important for an employee to provide a safe workplace to increase the performance levels
• Employee stress management must be one of the key roles of the HR management
KEY TERMS
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• Burnout (p. 275)• Circadian rhythms (p. 271)• Collateral stress programs (p. 276)• Dysfunctional behavior (p. 276)• Hardiness (p. 274-275)• Health hazards (p. 266)• Institutional programs (p. 276)• OSHA (p. 268)• Safety engineers (p. 269)• Safety hazards (p. 266)• Stress (p. 273)
KEY TERMS
18Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. Al l Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or dupl icated, or posted to a publ icly acce ssible website, in whole or in part. HRM3 | CH3
• Turnover (p. 275)• Type A personality (p. 274)• Type B personality (p. 274)
19Copyright ©2016 Cengage Learning. Al l Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or dupl icated, or posted to a publ icly acce ssible website, in whole or in part. HRM3 | CH3
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