SAFETY & HEALTH PROGRAM

SAFETY & HEALTH PROGRAM North East Roofing Contractors Association

(NERCA)

Revision Date:

JULY 2014

POWDER, PARYLENE, LIQUID, HALAR, NYLON AND COMPOSITE COATINGS COMPANY

The intent of this manual is to provide a guideline only for each contractor and/or subcontractor to prepare his/her own safety and health programs and policies. We recommend this information be used as a guideline only and that the best policy for a contractor will be one that is customized to fit each contractor’s specific needs. Contractors are still required to abide by all federal, state, city and local safety rules and regulations. Any advice or comments in this manual is given in this general context and should not be relied upon as a substitute for legal or other professional advice.

DISCLAIMER

The content of this material is intended to assist and provide guidance to interested parties, including contractors, subcontractors and their supervisors to manage, recognize, evaluate and control unsafe conditions or activities associated with their business. Its content only represents a portion of the requirements and responsibilities of current laws governing the roofing industry. The Association suggests consultation with a safety, health or legal expert for compliance with all local, state and federal laws.

The North/East Roofing Contractors Association, Inc. takes no responsibility for the material presented or conformance with applicable laws. Anyone wishing to affirm the legal position of individual facts or situation should refer to the relevant regulations and other related statutory documents or consult a lawyer. Taking the advice and good management practice given in this document does not confer any immunity from legal obligations, both criminal and civil.

While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information provided in this manual, the author, North/East Roofing Contractors Association, Inc., their agents and the publishers accept no responsibility or liability for any loss or damage caused, whether occasioned by negligence, misstatement or otherwise arising out of and errors, omissions or inaccuracies in the materials.

North/East Roofing Contractors Association, Inc. 100 Grossman Drive, Suite 300 Braintree, Massachusetts 02184

Phone: 781/849-0555 Fax: 781/849-3223

www.nerca.org

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART 1: ADMINISTRATIVE POLICIES

A1. Safety Policy Statement A2. Roles & Responsibilities A3. General Rules of Conduct A4. Drug & Alcohol Abuse Policy A5. Internal Jobsite Inspection Program

- Sample Inspection Checklist Included

A6. Progressive Disciplinary Action Policy - Sample Disciplinary Form Included

A7. Safety Committees A8. Employee Training

PART 2: POST INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

P1. Onsite Medical Treatment & Response P2. Accident Reporting & Investigations

- Sample Accident Investigation Form Included

P3. Supervisors Guide to Accident Investigation P4. Return to Work Program P5. OSHA Recordkeeping

- P5.1: OSHA Recordkeeping Forms

P6. Emergency Action Planning

PART 3: SAFETY & OSHA REGULATORY COMPLIANCE PROGRAMS

S1. Hazard Communication Program – GHS Compliant S1.1 Pictogram Poster S2. Fall Protection S2.1 Fall Protection Poster S3. Ladder Safety Policy S3.1 Job Built Ladders – OSHA Bulletin S4 Trenching & Excavations S5 Sheet Metal Safety S6 Kettle & Tanker Safety S7 Fire Prevention Safety

S8. Personal Protective Equipment

S9 Asbestos S10 Silica Safety S11 Cranes, Conveyors, Hoists S12 Forklift Safety S12.1 Forklift Safety Posters S13 Hand & Power Tool Safety S14 Confined Space S14.1 Confined Space Posters S14.2 Confined Space Quiz S14.3 Confined Space Decision Flow Chart S15 Electrical Safety S15.1 Electrical Safety Checklist S15.2 Electrical Safety Poster S16 Scaffolding & Aerial Lift Safety S16.1 Scaffolding Safety Poster S16.2 Aerial Lift Safety Posters S16.3 Aerial Lift Safety Checklist S17 Material Handling S18 Back Injury and MSDS Prevention

PART 4: RANDOM TOOL BOX TALKS

(Inset Company Name)

Section A1 Safety Policy Statement

(Insert Company Name) is committed to providing a working environment for our employees and subcontractors that is safe, healthy, productive and compliant with federal, state, and local laws and regulations. Safety shall be incorporated and performed in every function and aspect of our operations. The prevention of accidents and injury in the workplace is our most important goal. It is our philosophy to not provide just high quality and production, but high quality and production that is safe for all individuals, whether they are an employee, sub-contractor, client or pedestrian. Therefore all safety rules and policies shall be strictly adhered to and enforced at all times. We realize the high degree of safety which we strive for can only be accomplished by the active participation by all employees’ in hazard recognition and accident prevention. It’s every employee’s responsibility to identify and correct any safety hazards which they may encounter. The company’s safety manual has been designed to help guide and train our employees in the prevention of accidents and incidents involving personnel, property, and the general public.

A SAFE JOB IS A PRODUCTIVE JOB!!!

___________________________________________________________________ (Company Officer Name) Date

Section A2

Roles & Responsibilities:

* The following is a sample “Roles and Responsibilities” which will need to be modified/edited to meet the needs of your company’s structure. Not every company will have a “Safety Manager” however those without one will likely need to assign those responsibilities to other parties within the organization.

A successful Safety Program can only be achieved and maintained when there is active interest, participation, and accountability at all levels of the organization. To ensure this, the company, delegates the following safety roles & responsibilities. Everyone has the responsibility for Safety! Corporate Management: 1. Is ultimately responsible for directing the establishment of and ensuring

enforcement of policies, rules, and procedures relating to safety.

2. To ensure that the company’s operations are executed at all times to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health, safety and welfare of all employees and others who may be affected by its operations.

3. In addition, management is responsible for promoting and assuring active

support of the safety program throughout all levels of the company. 4. To assign responsibilities for safety.

5. To ensure that all Directors and Managers understand and fulfill their

responsibilities with regard to safety & health.

6. Arrange for funds and facilities to meet the requirements of company policy and OSHA regulation.

7. Make provision for adequate and appropriate training to be given to all employees.

8. Set a personal example on all matters of health and safety.

Safety Manager The primary role of the Safety Manager is to advise the Corporate Management on all safety and health matters to ensure the Company complies with its regulatory obligations. The Safety Manager is designated responsibility to control and update this Safety Manual and to ensure that all Departments operate to the procedures and instructions contained there: In particular the Safety Manager will: 1. Provide clear understanding and direction to all management and employees

regarding the importance of safety through the development, implementation, monitoring and revision of policy and procedures.

2. Understand the application of OSHA 1926 Construction Regulations and other

legislation relevant to the company’s business. 3. Keep up to date with changes in current regulation and to bring to the attention of

Corporate Management any relevant new regulations. 4. Attend such courses/seminars run by external sources to enable accurate

interpretation of regulation to enable implementation within the organization. 5. Ensure that all new employees in the company are provided with a copy of the

policy statement, receive safety orientation training are issued with personal protective equipment as required and their personal responsibilities as set out in this manual.

6. To recommend control measures and advise on the standard of P.P.E. issued to

employees. 7. Organize and maintain yearly training curriculum and records ensuring employees

have the training required and necessary to protect themselves from workplace hazards.

6. Conduct a pre-job safety planning reviews. Create site specific safety plans

outlining potential hazards and precautions, and review these with Project Management and Foreman.

7. Conduct health and safety inspections and prepare reports of all the company’s

operations. 8. Immediately contact Corporate & Project Management if situations are found,

that in the opinion of the Safety Manager, require immediate rectification or the stopping of any operation.

9. To notify Corporate & Project Management if the corrective action agreed after

any workplace inspection is not implemented by the arranged date. 10. To carry out investigations into all accidents and near-miss incidents and to record

the findings on the relevant forms. 11. To highlight areas where training/certification is required to meet the standards

imposed by OSHA or other governing regulations. 12. To set a personal example by wearing appropriate personal protective

clothing/equipment and observing all safety requirements/procedures. 13. Help organize and assist Safety Committee Meetings. 14. Make oneself available during inspections of jobsites and company facilities

state, federal, or insurance representatives. Project Managers/Superintendent: Each Project Manager is responsible for his or her personal safety and that of all personnel under his or her authority, including others who may be affected by the company’s activities. In particular they will: 1 Understand and implement the company safety policy. 2 Oversee site planning and approve a site plan that takes into account access, fall

protection, traffic control, materials handling, storage, sanitation and any other safety measure pertinent to the particular project.

3 Conduct Safety Inspections at their projects ensuring that the methods and

systems of work are safe. Ensure that the necessary procedures, rules and regulations designed to achieve this are being adhered with.

4 Ensure accident and near-miss reporting procedures are understood and complied

with, and assist with accident investigations where appropriate. 5 Ensure all employees and sub-contractors are suitably trained/competent to carry

out the prescribed task and that the necessary licenses/certificates of competence are in force and appropriate.

6 Shall assume responsibility for enforcement of the safety program. Reprimand, using the Progressive Disciplinary Program outlined in this manual, any employee for failing to adhere with their health and safety responsibilities.

7. Set a personal example with regard to health and safety matters. 8. Ensure safety is a line item for discussion at all job progress meetings. 9. Closely monitor weather and notify / coordinate with Foreman of any potential

weather concerns.

Foreman: Foreman are the “front line” and critical component to this Safety Program. They have the most immediate effect on the culture of the project and must ALWAYS set a personal example of how to properly implement safety into the work detail. Their attitude towards safety will have a great effect on that of the crew. 1. Maintains a work environment that ensures the maximum safety of all

employees and protection of the environment.

2. Familiarizes new employees concerning safe work practices and provides on-the-job training in the use and implementation of safety equipment and controls.

3. Conducts daily inspections of the work site.

4. Shall pre-plan upcoming work to ensure all aspects of the Site Specific Safety

Program and/or this manual can be implemented. Any deviations should be discussed with and approved by the Project Management and/or Safety Department.

5. Notifies Project Management and/or Safety Department of employee misconduct issues so that the Progressive Disciplinary Program can be implemented.

6. Shall provide and ensure the use of PPE as required. 7. Shall enforce all aspects of the safety program. 8. Shall assist with accident investigations and ensure prompt reporting to Project

Management & Safety Department.

9. Act as a leader in company safety policy and setting a good example by following all safety rules.

10. May be required to conduct weekly toolbox talks. Will ALWAYS conduct these in

a professional manner consistent with guidelines within this Safety Manual. 11. Communicate with all employees about safety and accident prevention

activities. 12. Immediately notifies Management if OSHA or another governing agency arrives

on site to conduct an inspection. 13. Maintain good housekeeping conditions at all times. 14. Ascertain that all injuries involving our employees that require medical attention

are properly treated and promptly reported to the office.

15. Ensure adequacy of tie-ins each and every night to aid in prevention of water infiltration events. Ensure adequate material is onsite to quickly protect the structure from water infiltration in the event of a sudden storm.

Employees: Every employee is responsible for working safely, both for self-protection and for protection of fellow workers. Employees must also support all company safety efforts. Specific employee safety responsibilities include: 1. All employees must learn and comply with the mandatory safety and health rules

and regulations applicable to their work and to the general safety and health of their fellow workers on the job site.

2. Use the proper PPE and be familiar with the installation and location of all safety devices.

3. Maintain PPE in good working condition. It is your personal responsibility to use

and maintain such equipment. 4. If you are unsure how to do any task safely, ASK your supervisor. 5. Notify supervisors of unsafe conditions or acts. 6. Report all accidents, incidents, and recognized safety hazards to supervisors

immediately.

7. Protect customer’s property from potential damage while work is being

performed. 8. Operate company vehicles and equipment only if trained and authorized to do

so. 9. Inspect equipment prior to use. Do not operate any tool or equipment, which in

your opinion is not in a safe condition. Immediately report it to your foreman. 10. Obey all safety rules, government regulations, signs, markings, and instructions.

If you don’t know, ask your foreman. 11. Do not engage in horseplay; avoid distracting others; be courteous to fellow

workers. 12. Always use the right tools and equipment for the job. Use them safely and only

when authorized. Office Manager 1. Maintains effective files on all workers’ compensation, general liability, and auto

claims.

2. Reports Workers Compensation reports to insurance carrier within 24 hours of accident.

3. Assists in tracking injured workers from the point of injury to full duty resolution.

4. Assists in development of Temporary Alternate work.

5. Assists in revising and maintaining written safety program.

6. Maintains records of work-related injury and illness as required by federal and/or state OSHA regulations.

Contractors/Subcontractors: 1. Contractors and/ or subcontractors shall be advised that they have the sole and

complete obligation to provide a safe and healthy working environment for their employees and other personnel on the job site that may be exposed to their work.

2. Must adhere with all aspects of this Safety Manual.

We welcome your participation and cooperation as a member of the (Insert Company Name) team. We have a continuing responsibility to our clients to provide our construction services in the safest, most efficient and economical manner possible. Proper conduct on the job site is thus essential to the common good of every employee and the daily progress of the job. In order to enjoy a safe and efficient job, unsatisfactory conduct, including but not limited to the following violations, will be subject to appropriate disciplinary action, including termination:

- Failure to comply with company, general contractor or government safety rules or regulations.

- Destruction or willful abuse or damage of company property, equipment, job site or other company property.

- The sale or solicitation of illegal drugs on any company property or job site.

- Misusing or removing from the premises, without proper authorization, company property, records or other materials.

- Insubordinate conduct, refusal to perform work assignments or follow supervisor’s directions.

- Unsafe or improper operation of tools, equipment or vehicles including improper care of personal protective equipment.

- Working in an unsafe manner that could or does result in injury to yourself or others.

- Committing or threatening any act of violence, engaging in fighting, brawling, horseplay, or disorderly conduct on company premises or job site.

- Disclosure of confidential company information to unauthorized personnel.

- Behavior that discriminates against other employees or job applicants including intimidation, coercion or harassment of any nature.

- Reporting to work in an unfit physical condition unable to safely perform assigned job duties.

- Knowingly permitting unauthorized personnel to be in company facilities or on company property.

- Good housekeeping must always be practiced. Return all tools and equipment to their proper places when finished. Keep floors and passageways clean and clear.

- Loose clothing or jewelry cannot be worn when operating machinery and equipment.

- All employees are classified as “employees at will” and termination is not limited to a situation where a rule of conduct has been violated.

The above rules of conduct are NOT all-inclusive and may not identify all forms of unacceptable behavior that may be justified be discipline or termination. Project work rules are intended for the welfare of all personnel and employee cooperation is expected and appreciated.

Section A3 General Rules of Conduct:

* The following is a “sample” drug and alcohol abuse policy. It is the recommendation of NERCA that each company wishing to implement such a policy have it reviewed by a Human Resource

Attorney familiar with State Laws pertaining to these types of programs and testing. Purpose To establish policies and procedures to be followed in dealing with the problems of alcohol use and abuse; the use, sale, or possession of illegal drugs; the misuse of legal drugs; and to comply with the Company’s obligations under Federal and State laws involving controlled substance abuse. Scope The provisions of this policy will apply to all employees while some of the testing provisions will apply only to employees covered by Federal Drug Testing regulations (Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration). The Company can include Pre-Employment drug screening for all job applicants as well as Reasonable Suspicion testing for all employees. CDL holders covered by Federal Drug Testing regulations shall also participate in Random, and Post Accident testing. Objective (Insert Company Name) is committed to maintaining a "drug/alcohol-free" workplace. Employees are advised that remaining "drug/alcohol-free" is a condition of employment. Alcohol and illegal drug use pose a serious threat to workplace safety and health. Employees who abuse alcohol or drugs are a danger to themselves, co-workers and other contractors.

Policy

1. The use, possession, sale, transfer, acceptance, or purchase of illegal drugs and/or controlled substances during the course of employment is strictly prohibited except prescription medications as legally prescribed by a physician.

Section A4 Drug & Alcohol Abuse Policy:

2. The use, possession of an open container, personal sale, transfer or acceptance of alcohol during the course of employment is strictly prohibited. Any violation of this policy will be grounds for immediate termination and may result in a report to the appropriate law enforcement authorities.

3. Prescription drugs shall not be used by any person other than the individual to whom it

is prescribed. Such substances or non-prescription (over-the-counter) drugs shall be used only as prescribed or indicated. Employees shall be removed from the project if the side effects of prescription drugs adversely affect the safe completion of their work activity. Employees should be encouraged to discuss with their supervisor and physician any effects of medication which could adversely affect their safety or the safety of others.

4. These provisions extend to off-the-job activities which adversely affect an employee’s job performance or which causes an employee to test positive for use of a controlled substance as defined by the DOT.

Any employee found to have violated the above provisions will be subject to immediate suspension, pending investigation and can include termination. Drug and Alcohol Screening Pursuant to Company policy, employees and applicants for employment will be subject to screening for drug and/or alcohol use in the following circumstances:

1. Post offer / Pre-employment – Any applicant for employment post offer: A positive result will render the applicant ineligible for employment.

2. Random: Persons under DOT drug test requirement will be subjected to random drug

and alcohol testing as required. * It is the intent of this policy that a urine sample must be given on the day scheduled for a drug test.

3. Reasonable Suspicion: All employees are subject to reasonable suspicion testing. This test shall be initiated when at least one, but preferably two, supervisors trained in recognition, have observed actions, appearance, or conduct indicative of the use of a controlled substance/alcohol. The supervisors must document the behavior of the employee that led to the reasonable suspicion conclusion, as well as the names of witnesses, if any. The individual will then be removed from service pending the results of the test. A employee is required to submit to testing, upon reasonable suspicion, when requested to do so by the employer, and the employer is required to ensure that the employee is transported immediately to a site where a urine sample may be collected.

4. Post Accident Testing: All CDL holders / DOT qualified personnel:

a. Shall provide a urine sample to be tested for the use of controlled substances as soon as possible, but not later than thirty-two (32) hours after a “reportable” accident if the driver of the commercial motor vehicle receives a citation for a moving traffic violation arising from the accident.

b. If the driver is so injured as to be unable to ensure a test is done, such driver shall provide the Company with necessary authorizations for obtaining hospital reports or other documents that would indicate whether there were drugs in the driver’s system at the time of the accident.

c. Alcohol testing must be conducted within 8 hours of the qualifying accident. If

after (2) two hours it is not conducted it must be documented, after 8 hours if it is not completed it must be documented and attempts are discontinued.

d. ** In the event of a fatality in any accident, regardless of issuance of a violation,

both drug and alcohol tests must be conducted.

I. Procedure in the Event of a Positive Screening In the event that an employee tests positive, that employee will be immediately disqualified from performing their duties and, as a result, will be subject to disciplinary action which can include immediate termination.

Acknowledgment of (Insert Company Name) Anti-Drug Policy

I hereby certify that I have received a copy of the company drug program. I have read and understand its contents and understand that I must be drug free as a condition of employment. The company has established an anti-drug policy for the purpose of maintaining a drug free work place, in accordance with Federal regulations and/or company policy. All existing company employees and new applicants for company employment must be drug free in accordance with the company drug free workplace program. I acknowledge that the company is vitally concerned with any situation where the use of illegal drugs, or the illegal use of prescription drugs, seriously interferes with any person’s health and job performance. Name (please print) __________________________________________________ Signature _______________________________________ Date ______________

Purpose:

To provide employees with a safe working environment by addressing actual and potential workplace safety hazards. To identify hazards, determine areas of needed re-training, and ensure company safety policies are adhered with.

Policy:

• (Insert Company Name) Project Managers / Superintendents will conduct routine safety inspections of company jobsites utilizing the construction safety inspection checklist tool (See attached checklist). The safety inspection findings will be reviewed with the foreman for review and follow through.

• (Insert Company Name) Project Managers / Superintendents shall make every effort to ensure all jobs receive one documented jobsite inspection per week. Service Managers will attempt to inspect each service crew once per month.

• The inspector shall make every effort to implement corrective action and eliminate or control

the identified hazard immediately. Where not possible the inspector shall communicate with (Insert Company Name) Management to devise a plan of action.

• Routine staff meetings will begin with a review of jobsite inspections performed and discussion

relating to safety. If concerning inspections surface, (Insert Company Name) Management shall make a determination if any retraining or disciplinary action is necessary.

Section A5 Internal Jobsite Inspection Program

< COMPANY NAME> Jobsite Safety Inspection Location: Scope of Work: Date of Inspection: Foreman Name: *Complete front & back, fall protection on rear of this form* YES NO N/A Comments Ladder Safety Set at proper angle (4:1) Extends 3’ above roof landing Tied off securely to the building In good, safe working condition, proper ladder for job Set on firm flat surface PPE Eye/face protection worn per policy Hard hats worn when hazards exist & per policy Gloves worn during tear off & sharp metal handling Proper gloves worn when handling chemicals Scaffolding Competent person on-site, daily inspections performed All employees utilizing have user training Work platform fully decked with proper overlap Guardrails & toeboards on all open sides of work area Is safe Access available Other? Material Handling / Tools Proper lifting techniques observed Rigging in good condition Chute on roof > 20’ or other means to lower material All equipment in good condition, proper guards Unsafe equipment tagged out of service Other? Electrical Safety GFCI utilized at all times Cords in good condition, not subject to damage All ladders/equipment 10’ min. from electrical lines Electric hand tools in good condition Other? Fire Protection & Prevention Fire extinguisher charged in work area Materials stored away from potential fire hazards “No Smoking” near flammables Safety gas cans in use Housekeeping good, debris / trash removed promptly Kettle Safety Customers property protected (ground+side building) Ground man monitoring kettle during operations Kettle area flagged Propane tanks upright+secure Hot pipe secured to railing/roof General All ladders removed when leaving site Public protected from falling objects Drains & effective tie-ins completed daily Property protected from asphalt, dust, misc. debris Intakes covered or turned off when chemicals used

Other?

FALL PROTECTION YES NO N/A Comments Warning Lines (WL) / Safety Monitor (SM) WL 6’ from edge of roofs >50’ in length or width, erected with no sag less than 34”.

WL 10’ from edge when mechanical equipment is utilized, erected with no sag less than 34”.

SM in audible & visible distance, monitoring duties only. Other? Guardrails Top rail 39-45” with midrail. Cable deflects 3” or less, cable of withstanding 200lbs of force.

Guardrails installed if PFAS isn’t used at hoist areas. Standard toe board erected if exposure below exists Other? Personal Fall Arrest Anchorage points of suitable strength to support fall or restraint.

PFAS installed and utilized properly, in accordance with manufacturers guidelines.

All PFAS equipment inspected prior to use. Other Skylight & Hole Protection Skylight/Holes protected by guardrail, cover, warning lines or PFAS used.

Covers capable of withstanding twice the intended load. Hole or Cover painted atop all hole covers. Other?

Other (any other recognizable fall hazard)

Purpose: The disciplinary policy is intended to encourage compliance with the requirements of the Federal Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA) and all additions and revisions thereto, as well as other applicable federal, state and local requirements and this Safety Manual. Workers performing work in an unsafe manner that would endanger themselves, other workers or the public will be subject to discipline or termination. Administration:

• Project Managers / Superintendents shall be responsible for administering the Progressive Disciplinary Policy. Any notice of discipline shall be copied to the Safety Manager and placed in the employee file.

Policy:

• Any Supervisors (including front line foreman) who observe violations of the above shall notify (Insert

Company Name) Project Management / Superintendent who will determine the course of action best suited to the circumstances.

• Any disciplinary action involving suspension or termination shall be approved by the (Inset Company Name) President / Owner.

• (Insert Company Name) shall ensure each violation is treated in a fair, concise, and consistence manner in accordance with the following Progressive Disciplinary Program.

• (Insert Company Name) reserves the right to start the disciplinary process where it deems appropriate, depending on the gravity of the offense. The steps to be taken shall be progressive, except in the most egregious circumstances and shall include:

Violations of the previous safety rules and any other rules or regulations contained in this manual will be met with progressive disciplinary action.

Progressive Disciplinary Action

First Offense………Verbal Warning Second Offense…...Written Warning

Third Offense…… Suspension *Any Fall Protection infraction is subject to multiple days off or termination

THE COMPANY RESERVES THE RIGHT TO SUSPEND OR TERMINATE AN EMPLOYEE FOR A VIOLATION OF ANY

SAFETY REGULATION IF THE EMPLOYEE’S FOREMAN, SUPERVISOR OR MANAGEMENT DEEMS THE SAFETY VIOLATION SERIOUS ENOUGH TO WARRANT SUCH ACTION.

Section A6 Progressive Disciplinary Policy:

(Insert Company Name) Safety Disciplinary Warning

• As an employee of (Insert Company Name) you are required to follow all safety

policies and procedures. Communication and training regarding these procedures has been provided. This Safety Disciplinary Written Warning will serve to document a violation of (Insert Company Name) Safety Policy.

Employees Name _______________________________________________ Date of Violation _______________________________________________ Violation Location ______________________________________________

• Description of Unsafe Act or Procedures Violated:

• Applicable (Insert Company Name) Policy / Programs: • Is retraining required? (YES) (NO) If yes, what kind of retraining and when must it be conducted by?

• Employee’s Supervisor’s Name: _______________________________

• Was employees Supervisor notified (circle)? (YES) (NO)

• Project Manager / Superintendent completing form:

Print Name:______________________________________________

Signature:________________________________________________

(This section below is only required when employee is receiving disciplinary action above the verbal level.)

I have received this disciplinary action and understand that adherence with company policy is mandatory, and violations of policy in the future will mandate further disciplinary action to be taken up to and including the termination of my employment.

Employee’s Signature: ___________________________________ Date: _______________

Copy to Employee Copy to Owner Copy to Safety Department Copy to Personnel File

Level of Discipline (check in front)

_____ Written Verbal Warning: _____ Written Warning: _____ Suspension (day’s ____): _____ Termination:

Purpose

• To implement effective safety committees that will support the safety program and serve as an additional means of communication between management and employees.

• Employee involvement is the most effective way to improve workplace safety, reduce

losses, and develop a positive working environment and culture.

• The benefits of a proactive safety committee go far beyond complying with state and federal regulations. When employees have a voice in safety issues and play a role in resolving them, a strong sense of pride and accomplishment is developed. In addition, a feeling of responsibility and safety awareness is spread to every employee who is serving on the committee or has served on it in the past.

• Together with management, a strong safety foundation is developed through a trained

and educated safety and health committee.

Policy and General Information

• A safety committee will meet once a quarter (at a minimum) at a designated time.

• The safety committee will consist of a member of Senior Management, the Claims Manager, one field employee, one Superintendent, one Foreman and one warehouse/maintenance employee. The Safety Department may participate as a liaison to the committee. Members may be rotated annually. A list of the current safety committee members will be posted on the employee safety board.

• A committee member will be chosen by the committee to act as the safety

committee chairperson. An additional committee member will be chosen to take meeting minutes or an Administrative Assistance will be assigned.

Section A7 Safety Committee Policy

Safety Committee Responsibilities The safety committee will be involved in the actual planning and establishment of procedures for the safety and health program and will play a part in making the program operative. The following are considered basic responsibilities of the safety committee.

• Have regularly scheduled quarterly meetings (at minimum) with a written agenda and the

recording of minutes. Minutes of meetings shall be sent to the Safety Department

• Conduct periodic jobsite inspections for the purpose of detecting hazards

• Urgent safety and health problems shall be brought to the attention of the Director of Safety immediately

• Follow up on recommendations determined from previous inspections

• Identify unsafe conditions and practices, and, suggest solutions

• Review accidents, illnesses, and near misses as a basis for recommending means to

prevent recurrence

• Encourage feedback from all employees with regard to problems, ideas, and solutions related to safety

• Assist in the establishment of safety topics for training

• Review the results of recent Job Site Inspections and discuss major problems uncovered

and how they may be eliminated

• Keep everyone informed about new safety rules and policies, training programs, accident causes, and other safety and health matters

• Participate in the development of safety rules, incentive programs, new safety policies, etc.

• Recommend changes or additions to improve personal protective clothing and equipment

General Format for Safety & Health Committee Meetings

• All meetings should consist of a planned agenda and the recording of minutes. Other applicable attachments relevant to the meeting should be included when the package is distributed to committee members. The minutes distributed prior to the meeting are from the previous month's meeting. Upper management will also receive a copy of safety committee minutes.

• A sample agenda and a recording form for minutes of the safety and health committee

meeting are attached to this policy.

SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE MEETING SAMPLE AGENDA

Meeting: Day/Date Time Location 1. Call to order 2. Review of previous meeting minutes 3. Announcements Specific announcements/news/events 4. Injury/Illness review a. Description of accidents(s) b. Type and cause of accident(s) c. Accident prevention action plan 5. Incident and near miss accident review/prevention 6. Vehicular Accident cause review from previous month 7. Facility inspection reports a. Action plan for correction b. Feedback from committee members 8. Monthly Safety Task 9. Old business 10. New business

11. Adjournment

(Insert Company Name) Safety Committee Meeting Minutes

Meeting Date: Attendance: See attached sign-in sheet Called to order at: (Insert last meeting date) minutes reviewed and accepted. Announcements: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Injury / Illness Review (see attached form): ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Incident and Near Miss Accident Review / Prevention: __________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Vehicle Accident Cause Review: ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Facility Inspection Reports (attach inspection reports): ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Old Business: ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

New Business: ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Next Meeting Date/Time:

Respectively Submitted By:

Incident Date

Type of Incident

Incident Description Recommended Corrective Action

Responsible for Corrective Actions

Date Actions Completed

Purpose It is the responsibility of (Insert Company Name) to provide hazard recognition and control training to all employees who have a potential exposure to any such hazard. It is also the responsibility of (Insert Company Name) to ensure that employee training has been comprehended and safety procedures are followed. Safety & Health Training shall be provided at no expense to the employees. Policy and General Information

• OSHA standards applicable to the roofing industry require employers to provide employees with safety training. All (Insert Company Name) employees will receive safety training that is applicable to their particular job functions. Employees will receive new employee safety training upon hire and refresher safety training throughout their employment.

• All Supervisors will create an environment where employees feel comfortable asking

questions and are praised for safe work behaviors. Responsibilities

• The Safety Department will be responsible for implementing the safety training policy. They will make certain that the necessary resources are available to provide each employee with the required safety training.

• The Safety Department will conduct new employee safety orientation training for all

new employees. Refresher safety training will be provided utilizing weekly mandatory safety talks conducted by field foreman. Supervisors will provide on-the-job training whenever a new task warrants such training.

• The Safety Department will be responsible for providing and updating training materials. The Safety Department will conduct periodic audits to assess compliance with this Employee Safety Training Policy.

• The Safety Department will be responsible for making certain documentation that employee training is up to date and available upon request. A New Hire Orientation Training Record is attached to this section. (See Attachment A of this section)

Section A8 Employee Training

• The employee will actively participate in all required safety training. Employees should make certain that they understand the material being presented and ask questions if they do not understand.

Training Topics Initial training shall be conducted by a competent person for employee being exposed to the corresponding hazard. Initial training programs conducted by (Insert Company Name) shall include, but not be limited to (See attached New Employee Training Record at end of this section):

Personal Protective Equipment Hazard Communications Fall Protection Accident Reporting Hand & Power Tools Electrical Safety Material Handling & Storage Scaffolds & Ladders

In the event that (Insert Company Name) has the potential to be exposed to a hazard, which was not covered during the initial employee training, specific training shall be provided. Specific training topics shall include, but not be limited to the following (See Attached Training Matrix at end of this section):

Respiratory Protection Confined Spaces Asbestos Lead Aerial Lifts Hoisting & Rigging Powered Industrial Truck

Refresher Training

• Refresher Training will be provided for specific topics as required by law or as determined by the Safety Department.

• Another form of refresher training is weekly safety toolbox talks. A safety toolbox talk is a 5 – 15 minute informal safety discussion presented to employees as refresher training.

• Safety toolbox talks should be scheduled and conducted at the same day and time each

week. Ideally, Monday mornings are the best time for a tool box talk meeting, as they set the tone for the week.

• Safety toolbox talks are mandatory. All safety toolbox talks will be documented and participants must sign an attendance sheet.

• Safety toolbox talks will be presented by supervisors/foreman. Topics will include

information pertaining to safety hazards with an increased risk of injuries and required OSHA training. Tool Box talks shall be conducted in a professional manner detailing applicable regulations and company requirements. Foreman should choose a topic relative to their work and provide an opportunity for employees to ask questions.

(Attached in the Appendixes are sample tool box talks)

(SAMPLE) NEW EMPLOYEE

TRAINING RECORD

The employee’s signature below indicates that s/he has received classroom and/or on the job training on the dates indicated. Training has been conducted by ______________________________, _________________________________, __________________________________________ and follows curriculum outlined in <Insert Company Name> Safety & Loss Control Training Outline.

Employee Responsibilities

INITIAL Accident Reporting Guidelines

INITIAL Return to Work Program

INITIAL Disciplinary Policy for Safety Non Compliance

INITIAL Personal Protective Equipment

INITIAL Hazard Communications

INITIAL Conventional Fall Protection

INITIAL Safety Monitors & Warning Line Systems

INITIAL Holes & Covers

INITIAL Ladder Safety

INITIAL Scaffold Awareness

INITIAL Electrical Safety

INITIAL Hand & Power Tools

INITIAL Material Handling

INITIAL Material Storage

INITIAL Fire Prevention

INITIAL Basic First Aid

INITIAL Working with Hot

INITIAL General Housekeeping

INITIAL

<INSERT COMPANY NAME>

NEW EMPLOYEE TRAINING RECORD I have received the safety training indicated in the above checklist. If at any time I have any questions regarding workplace hazards or health and safety I will contact my supervisor. Employee Signature Date Employee Printed Name Trainer Signature Date

SAMPLE SAFETY TRAINING MATRIX

Managers / Estimators

Superintendent Foreman Field Employees Warehouse

Employee Safety Responsibilities

Accident / Near Miss Reporting Guidelines

Safety Committee Roles / Responsibilities 1 1 1 1 1

Return to Work Program Disciplinary Policy

Personal Protective Equipment 2

Conventional Fall Protection 2

Safety Monitors & Warning Lines 2

Hazard Communication Holes & Covers 2

Ladder Safety Training 2 Scaffold Awareness 2 2

Electrical Safety 2 Material Handling & Safe

Lifting Procedures 2

Hand and Power Tools 2 Material Storage 2

Fire Prevention & Protection

2 Working with Hot /

Kettle Safety 2 2 2 2

CERTA (Roof Torch Applications)

2 2 2 2 Driver Safety Policy 3 3 3 3 3

Defensive Driver Training 3 3 3 3 3

Forklift Training 4 4 4 4 4 1. A representative from each department should be a member of the safety committee. 2. If the supervisor’s employees perform functions related to this training. 3. If driving a company vehicle 4. If required to operate a forklift (certification training must be conducted every three years)

Purpose:

• While the overriding purpose of this Safety Manual is the prevention of injury, construction and roofing are inherently dangerous occupations. (Insert Company Name) is committed to providing prompt medical treatment & response to our employees in the unfortunate event of injury. This program details the procedures for ensuring all employees receive proper medical attention should they be injured while at work.

Policy:

• It is (Insert Company Name) responsibility to ensure medical services are available to all employees at a jobsite. If professional medical attention is not reasonably accessible in terms of time and distance, (Insert Company Name) shall be responsible for making sure at least one employee onsite has been sufficiently trained and certified in proper first aid & CPR practices by the U.S. Bureau of Mines, American Red Cross or an equivalent training resource.

• (Insert Company Name) requires that emergency medical treatment be sought for work related injuries which involve one or more of the following items:

o Fall from heights o Loss of consciousness o Uncontrollable Bleeding o Any amputation or de-gloving of the skin o Dizziness or nausea as a result of chemical exposure o Signs/symptoms of strokes or heart attacks

• First aid kits shall be available at all projects. Employees who are injured and utilize

the first aid kits must notify their foreman who will then complete an accident report and submit it to the Project Manager and/or Safety Department. Items removed from the FA kit should be replaced as soon as possible. Contact your supervisor.

• Only employees who have been authorized to assist in medical treatment are permitted to administer minor first aid. Authorized employees are required to have a valid First Aid / CPR card from the American Red Cross or other accredited organization, and have been offered a Hepatitis B Vaccination directly from (Insert Company Name). Authorized employees shall follow all universal procedures.

P1: Onsite Medical Treatment and Response

General Information:

• The following information pertaining to several potential work related injuries/illnesses that could occur and would require the attention of someone who has been properly trained in first aid practices, IS NOT a substitute for the knowledge which is obtained through the proper training that is required to sufficiently treat an employee exhibiting any symptoms. This section does not replace first aid/CPR training. At the very most its goal is to educate construction personnel on basic first aid procedures so that they can avoid making critical mistakes.

• Injuries & Illnesses covered in this section include:

o Heat related illness o Burns o Lacerations o Head/Back/Neck Injuries o Eye Injuries o Contact with Electricity

HEAT-RELATED ILLNESS: • Working in the roofing industry exposes us to a number of work related hazards, but one

of the most serious and often overlooked is heat-related illnesses. These occur in a variety of forms and degrees of severity, but all are brought upon by working in high temperature environments. Heat-related illnesses can lead to serious and life threatening conditions, for that reason the following forms of heat-related illnesses and symptoms associated with them should be taken seriously and acted on immediately in the event an employee demonstrates these behaviors.

• The following forms of heat-related illnesses are not progressive, an employee does not have to experience heat cramps prior to exhibiting behaviors or symptoms related to heat stroke.

Heat Cramps

Heat cramps are muscle spasms, in certain cases they have been mistaken for an abdominal problem due to the severity of pain associated with them.

Symptoms:

• Muscle spasms that are painful, involuntary and brief.

Treatment:

• Remove the victim from the heat to a cool or shaded area, loosen tight or heavy clothing.

• Lie the victim down to relieve the cramp. • Have the victim consume lots of fluids (water).

Recovery:

• Generally occurs within a short duration of time, if the victim is not recovering quickly, they should be transported to a hospital to prevent the illness from potentially progressing into a move serve form of a heat-related illness.

Heat Exhaustion:

Heat exhaustion is the most common heat-related illness.

Symptoms:

• Headache • Nausea or vomiting • Dizziness • Heavy Sweating • Cool, moist skin (may be pale or red) • Body temperature may be near normal

Treatment:

• Remove the victim from the heat to a cool or shaded area, loosen tight or heavy clothing. • Lie the victim down to relieve the cramp. • Have the victim consume lots of fluids (water).

Recovery:

• The employee should start to show signs he/she is feeling better within 30 minutes, if they are not recovering quickly than they should be transported to a hospital immediately to receive further medical assistance. Heat exhaustion can develop into hear stroke.

Heat Stroke:

Heat stroke is the least common heat-related illness, but is the most serious. If not treated, heat stroke will result in death.

Symptoms:

• In the early stages the victims may sweat but their body temperature will rise and their skin will become red, hot and dry.

• High Temperature • Vomiting • Decreased alertness level • Loss of consciousness as the victim’s body

temperature rises • Rapid, weak pulse • Rapid, shallow breathing

Treatment:

Whatever can be done to lower the victim’s body temperature should begin immediately. In addition the following steps should be taken:

• Locate the victim inside an air conditioned area • Remove the victim’s clothing and cover them with a cool, wet sheets or towels • Position a fan blowing cool air directly on the victim • Call 911 immediately

Recovery:

Recovery time for a heat stroke will be dependent on a case by case basis and final decision for a return to work date will be given by the victims treating physician.

Preventative Measures for Heat-Related Illnesses:

The following measures should be taken to prevent a heat-related illness from occurring:

• Take frequent breaks in the shade on hot and humid days • Drink plenty of fluids, such as water or sports drinks. Avoid coffee, sodas, energy drinks

or any other highly caffeinated beverages. It recommended an 8oz cup of water is consumed every 15 minutes on hot, humid days

• Erect fans around the work area if possible • Wear clothing made of light weight and breathable materials • Get a good night’s sleep and consume a healthy diet

LACERATIONS Working in the construction industry presents employees with a variety of instances where they could suffer a laceration. In the event this occurs the following steps should be followed.

• Minor cuts and abrasions should be thoroughly cleaned out, dried and covered with a sterile dressing.

• More severe cuts and abrasions where heavy bleeding is present the wound should be covered with a sterile dressing,

pressured applied directly to the wo unded area and the injured body part should be raised above the heart to restrict the blood flow to the wounded area.

• Seek medical attention for severe lacerations which leave skin flapping or are deep and may have damaged ligaments, tendons or nerves.

HEAD/BACK/NECK INJURY: After a serious injury such as a fall, struck by falling object, or other major incident, the victim may have other more visible wounds which could result in untrained individuals failing to realize the possibility of a spinal cord injury.

Always assume someone who has sustains a fall from heights or is involved in any other major trauma has sustain a spinal cord injury. The following steps should be followed:

• Unless absolutely necessary for the safety of the injured, DO NOT move the victim and

prevent the victim from moving. • Stabilize the victims head and neck; movement could potentially cause damage to the

spinal cord. If materials are not at your disposal to prevent the victims head and neck from moving, simply hold the victims head to keep it from shifting or turning.

• In the event the victim is unconscious, we need to make sure their airway is clear and they are able to breathe; however we cannot tilt their head or lift their chin since we could possibly cause further damage to the victim’s spinal cord. Rather place the fingers of both your hands on the victims jaw line and lift up. This will allow for the airway to be opened without moving the victim’s neck.

Many cut resistant gloves in the marketplace today aid in

laceration prevention and have enough dexterity to allow for small objects like screws and

rivets to be grasped.

BURNS: Burns can occur from numerous activities which are performed in the roofing industry, such as burns from hot asphalt, burns from a propane torch or heat gun, electrical burns and chemical burns. It’s important that our employees are educated on the classifications and degrees of a burn and how to treat someone affected by them.

First Degree Burns:

The least serious burns are those in which only the outer layer of skin is burned, but not all the way through. They have the appearance of sunburn.

• The skin is usually red • Often there is swelling • Pain sometimes is present

Treat a first-degree burn as a minor burn unless it involves substantial portions of the hands, feet, face, or a major joint, which requires emergency medical attention. Second Degree Burns:

When the first layer of skin has been burned through and the second layer of skin also is burned, the injury is called a second-degree burn. This first sign of second degree burn is blistering.

• Blisters develop • Skin takes on an intensely reddened, splotchy

appearance • There is severe pain and swelling.

If the second-degree burn is no larger than 3 inches in diameter, treat it as a minor burn. If the burned area is larger or if the burn is on the hands, feet, face, or over a major joint, treat it as a major burn and get medical help immediately. Third Degree Burns:

The most serious burns involve all layers of the skin and cause permanent tissue damage. Fat, muscle and even bone may be affected. Areas may be charred black or appear dry and white. Difficulty inhaling and exhaling, carbon monoxide poisoning, or other toxic effects may occur if smoke inhalation accompanies the burn.

How to Treat a Burn: For minor burns, including first-degree burns and second-degree burns limited to an area no larger than 3 inches in diameter, take the following action:

• Cool the burn. Hold the burned area under cool (not cold) running water for 10 or 15 minutes or until the pain subsides. If this is impractical, immerse the burn in cool water or cool it with cold compresses. Cooling the burn reduces swelling by conducting heat away from the skin. Don't put ice on the burn.

• Cover the burn with a sterile gauze bandage. Don't use fluffy cotton, or other material that may get lint in the wound. Wrap the gauze loosely to avoid putting pressure on burned skin. Bandaging keeps air off the burn, reduces pain and protects blistered skin.

Minor burns usually heal without further treatment. They may heal with pigment changes, meaning the healed area may be a different color from the surrounding skin. Watch for signs of infection, such as increased pain, redness, fever, swelling or oozing. If infection develops, seek medical help. Caution • Don't use ice. Putting ice directly on a burn can cause a person's body to become too cold

and cause further damage to the wound. • Don't apply ointments to the burn. This could cause infection. • Don't break blisters. Broken blisters are more vulnerable to infection. For major burns, call 911 or emergency medical help. Until an emergency unit arrives, follow these steps:

1. Don't remove burned clothing. Hot bitumen cools and hardens quickly. If the victim can remove the clothing immediately without allow them to do so but once it’s stuck to their skin removing it can cause more damage.

2. Don't immerse large severe burns in cold water. Doing so could cause a drop in body temperature (hypothermia) and deterioration of blood pressure and circulation (shock).

3. Check for signs of circulation (breathing, coughing or movement). If there is no

breathing or other sign of circulation, begin CPR.

4. Elevate the burned body part or parts. Raise above heart level, when possible.

5. Cover the area of the burn. Use a cool, moist, sterile bandage; clean, moist cloth; or moist cloth towels.

Get a tetanus shot. Burns are susceptible to tetanus. Doctors recommend you get a tetanus shot every 10 years. If your last shot was more than five years ago, your doctor may recommend a tetanus shot booster.

EYE INJURIES:

• For chemical exposures:

o Consult the SDS of the chemical. o Avoid rubbing of the eyes, do not bandage

them. o Immediately wash out the eyes with lots of

water for 10 to 20 minutes. o Seek medical attention immediately.

• Foreign particles in the eye:

o Avoid rubbing of the eyes. o Rinse with eyewash. o If particle remains, close eye, bandage it

lightly and seek medical attention.

• Large object impalement:

o If a large object gets embedded in the eye, rinsing is not going to help. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REMOVE IT.

o Seek immediate medical attention.

The best treatment for eye injuries is in the PREVENTION of eye injuries. Wear appropriate PPE. Goggles

should be worn for chemical exposures. Prescription eye wear often

does not provide the same level of protection as safety glasses.

ELECTRIC SHOCK • What to do if you believe someone has had, or is getting, an electric shock

o It may not be immediately clear that someone is getting an electric shock. Smoke

won’t be pouring from their ears! If you think someone is suffering from electric shock, approach with extreme caution.

o NEVER touch the person receiving the electric shock, or you could suffer one too.

o The first step is to separate the person from the source of electricity as quickly as possible. The best way of doing this is to turn off the supply, for example by unplugging the extension cord.

o If this isn’t possible, then try to remove the source of electricity from the person using

a piece of insulating material, such as a length of wood. o If overhead power lines are involved:

The power company must shut these off. Call 911 immediately!

The ground around the victim may be energized. Do not approach the victim. If you feel tingling in your lower body this is a sign you are too close. Shuffle your feet slowly in small shuffles and back away.

• After removing the person from the source of

electricity

o If the person is unconscious call for an ambulance immediately.

o Immediate medical attention should be sought for the victim.

o CPR should be provided to the victim if they are not breathing or do not have a pulse.

The ground surrounding the structure which contacted overhead powerlines may be

energized and those around it could receive electric shock or worse.

PURPOSE:

All accidents must be reported immediately and investigated promptly. This includes employee injuries, property damage, auto damage and near miss accidents. A near miss accident could later become a serious accident or injury if not addressed. The attached Accident Investigation forms will be used to document and assist the accident investigation process.

RESPONSIBILITIES: • Employees

• Immediately report accidents, incidents, and near misses to their Supervisor or Foreman. • Fully cooperate with all accident investigation procedures.

• Claims Manager

• Complete First Report of Injury and send a copy to the insurance carrier within the same shift of notification of injury.

• Maintain documentation/files of all FRI’s and investigation reports.

• Foreman / Superintendent / Project Manager • Immediately notify Claims Manager and Safety Department of any reported injury, or

incident. • Conduct timely investigations for all employee injuries, vehicle accidents and property

damage accidents and incidents. • Follow through on all corrective actions to reduce the potential for occurrence of similar

accidents / incidents.

• Safety Director • Review all accident / incident reports and recommend further corrective action if required to

reduce the potential for similar accidents. Ensure foremen are properly completing the investigations fully.

• Communicate with Safety Committee, and all employees regarding accident trends and corrective actions to reduce the potential for similar occurrences.

• Ensure all Supervisors have adequate training in accident investigations. • Conduct further accident investigations for all serious accidents.

P2 - Accident Reporting & Investigation Procedures

ACCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURES:

1. In order for (Insert Company Name) to assist our employees in a speedy recovery from all

injuries, we require all injuries, no matter how small, to be reported immediately to your Foreman/Supervisor.

2. Foreman/Supervisor shall immediately notify Claims Manager and Safety Department. Claims Manager shall complete any insurance required information including the First Report of Injury (FRI). FRI will immediately be sent to the insurance carrier. All forms should be completely filled out and returned to the Safety Department.

3. Minor injuries that do not require medical attention can be treated by using the first aid kit located

in every vehicle and the shop. These minor injuries must also be reported so that if complications develop, they can be properly treated. Claims Manager shall complete a First Report of Injury and label it, “For Record Only”.

4. Foreman / Project Manager / Superintendent / Safety Department shall coordinate who will conduct the Accident Investigation and work together towards its completion with the Safety Department being the ultimate authority. All accident reports should be filled out immediately following an accident while the details are still clear. In addition, every attempt should be made to get the names and phone numbers of any witnesses who saw the accident.

5. All employees involved in the accident investigation process are responsible for the collection, preservation and security of the scene and evidence.

NOTE: Any accident that causes a fatality or three or more employees to be hospitalized must be reported to OSHA within eight hours of the incident. ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORTS Accident reports highlight problem areas. Through the use of good reports, accident patterns can be detected and resources directed toward prevention. Accident reports make excellent training tools. The cause and effect of accidents can be reviewed at safety meetings. With regards to accident investigations:

- Accident investigation is a management function that must be executed at the Safety Director / Project Manager / Superintendent / Foreman level.

- All accidents / incidents must be investigated regardless of the extent of injury or damage. - Employees shall never be allowed to fill out their own accident investigation report. - Focus must be fact finding not fault finding. - The final report should provide recommendation for corrective action to prevent a reoccurrence.

Guide for Accident Investigations:

1. Foreman will make certain that medical treatment is offered to employees that report a workplace injury.

2. Foreman, Project Manager, Superintendent will conduct accident / incident investigation for every accident / incident / near miss that occurs. If the incident is serious in nature the Safety Director may conduct the investigation in conjunction.

3. The investigation shall begin as soon as possible. The sooner the investigation starts the less evidence is removed or altered and the more details are remembers.

4. The investigation process must be documented using the attached accident investigation forms. All facts, opinions, witness statements, physical observations, policy reviews, training and personnel records and photographs shall be included.

5. The investigation should attempt to find facts and determine the root cause. 6. During the interview process, the following questions are helpful to assist in determining the root

cause.

A Condition

Why did it exist?

Why was it not corrected?

What caused it to exist?

When did it occur?

When do similar conditions occur?

Who was responsible?

How should it be corrected?

How can it be controlled?

An Action

Why was it being done?

Why was it necessary?

What was its purpose?

What details need elimination?

Who can show me what was done?

How is the best way to do it?

How can it be improved?

SUPERVISOR’S INCIDENT/ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT

Whenever an employee reports any workplace injury/illness, the Supervisor must notify corporate of the details as soon as possible. The Supervisor must investigate the circumstances that caused the injury/illness. The supervisor must also investigate near miss incidents (incidents which did not result in a workplace injury/illness but have the potential to cause an injury/illness). In all cases, please complete the form below and fax or e-mail to corporate within 24 hours of the incident. Note: a signed copy must be retained in the workers’ compensation file. � Injury � Illness � Near Miss Date ____________________ Time _______________________ Injured Employee______________________________________________________________________________________ Last First Middle Position /Title ___________________________ Sex � M � F Age _______________________ Job location where incident occurred: ____________________________________________________________________ Duration employee has been on project: _______________ Duration of employment with company: ________________ Supervisor to whom injury was reported: _________________________________________________________________ Location of Accident: __________________________ Job Assignment at Time of Accident: ________________________ Was Medical Attention Sought? � Y � N Level of Medical Attention: � Near Miss Only � Employee Declined � FA provided at jobsite � Local Clinic � Emergency Room Describe in detail, how the injury/illness occurred and what part of the body it affected. Give specific details. Use a blank paper if additional room is needed: List any witnesses names, contact information, and accounts below. Use another piece of paper if necessary:

What should be done , and by whom to prevent recurrence of this type of accident in the future?

Investigated By (print):

Investigated By (sign): Date

Safety Committee Reviewed: Date:

Safety Committee Comments:

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P3: SUPERVISOR’S GUIDE TO ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION TECHNIQUES

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ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION TECHNIQUE SUPERVISOR’S GUIDE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Introduction 3 II. The Purpose of Accident Investigation 3 III. Definitions 4

IV. Unsafe Acts and Conditions 4 V. Reporting All Accidents & How to Stimulate 5 Reporting VI. What Is An Accident/Incident Investigation- 5 Nature/Purpose VII. The Supervisor's Role 5 VIII. When To Do The Investigation 6 IX. Key Elements of The Investigation 7 A. Get The Big Picture B. Interview Technique X. How to Interview 9 XI. Question Guide 10 XII. Causes 10

A. Immediate B. Contributing/Associated C. Basic - The Most Important XIII. Common Pitfalls 12 XIV. Incident Follow-Up 12 XV. Caution: Re-Enactment of Incidents 12

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ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION TECHNIQUES AND REPORTING SUPERVISORS' GUIDE

I. Introduction

A. The basis of Accident Investigation lies in understanding that human behavior is the central point of every accident. An injury may occur because of poorly maintained equipment, but the behavior patterns that caused the employee to fail to recognize this hazard, or even to maintain the equipment itself, are the true causes of the accident. Since we are responsible for safety and held accountable for safety performance, we must understand the roots of behavior in order to manage it properly.

II. The Purpose of Accident Investigation

A. The purpose of accident investigation is to determine the causes of accidents so that effective steps can be taken to remove them and prevent recurrence of similar accidents.

B. When we prevent accidents, it results in additional benefits:

1. Shows concern for employees - people are the most important reason. Your true concern is seen by the employees in your organization. This also provides a means for obtaining employee suggestions for improvement. 2. Investigation of one accident may bring to light unsafe acts and conditions which have not yet caused an accident. 3. A thorough investigation sometimes brings to light inefficient procedures or practices which are increasing operating costs. 4. Corrective action determined from the investigation reduces operating

costs, both directly and indirectly in: a. Delays

b. Property damage c. Fire damage d. Injury costs

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III. Definitions A. Accident - An accident is an unplanned event that causes bodily injury and/or property damage. B. Incident - A planned or unplanned event that may or may not cause bodily injury or property damage.

C. Near Miss - An event that almost causes bodily injury or property damage. ** Accidents are incidents, but not all incidents are accidents.

D. Accident Investigation - Looking at an accident to determine the cause and to determine the best course of action to prevent that event from recurring.

IV. Unsafe Acts and Conditions A. Unsafe act - any hazard created as a result of a human action or behavior; a

deviation from a generally recognized safe way of doing a job that may cause or contribute to an accident.

• An unsafe action increases the likelihood of an accident

1. Many accidents are the result of unsafe acts! An unsafe act is always outside

normal operating procedures and can be attributed to: a. Lack of adequate training b. Poor attitudes c. Lack of proper equipment and tools d. Working outside of normal parameters e. Unclear policies and procedures f. Poor leadership

B. Unsafe condition - any condition of tools, equipment, machinery, materials, products, structures, or other elements in an employee's work environment that may cause or contribute to an accident.

• An unsafe condition makes an accident more likely to occur

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V. Reporting All Accidents & How to Stimulate Reporting A. Report all accidents 1. Nothing is learned from unreported accidents 2. Causes are left uncorrected 3. Failure to report tends to spread B. How to stimulate reporting of minor injuries and accidents 1. Hold safety meeting on the importance of reporting 2. Do not act to discourage reporting 3. Show disapproval of delayed reporting

VI. What is An Accident/Incident Investigation A. It is a process of analyzing, evaluating, and reporting an accident or incident. B. It is the usefulness of information related to thoroughness and conscientiousness of the investigation. C. Complete investigation includes objective evaluation 1. All facts 2. All opinions 3. All statements 4. Related information D. The means to identify steps to prevent or control similar recurrence. E. Search for solutions. Get facts first, then find solution and who should complete.

VII. The Supervisor's Role A. The first line supervisor plays a key and critical role in effective accident investigation. The supervisor is the individual closest to the jobs, working conditions, and employees. The supervisor also understands the employees involved.

B. A supervisor should always respond positively to the employee's first report of injury.

1. Take time to handle the injury properly. 2. Authorize medical attention immediately. 3. Believe the employee. Don't suspect fraud.

4. Complete First Report of Injury Form and Medical Treatment/Accident Investigation Report.

5. Investigate accident and take down all pertinent information.

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C. The supervisor plays an important role in bringing the injured employee back to work.

1. Contact the employee and encourage fellow workers to do the same. 2. Keep informed about the employee's progress. 3. Reassure the employee that the company needs him/her.

4. Indicate to the employee the willingness you have to take whatever reasonable measures are necessary to accommodate him/her in the Temporary Alternate Work Program.

D. The supervisor's attitude can make the employee's return to work successful.

1. Make returned employee feel welcome and glad to be back. 2. Provide temporary modified duties that have been approved by Management. 3. Explain duties clearly and emphasize importance of a temporary job. 4. Point out any new or existing safety precautions that the employee may have

forgotten or needs to know. 5. The supervisor must understand the specific medical restrictions the employee

has. The worker must not deviate from the temporary modified duties until released to normal duties.

VIII. When To Do The Investigation? A. As soon as possible. B. The quicker the investigation, the more accurate the information. 1. Haven't had time to be biased by opinion of others 2. Memories are clearer 3. More details remembered 4. Less physical evidence moved or removed C. Only situation that should delay an injury investigation is the need to seek medical treatment. D. Company Policy

1. The investigation of accidents is the responsibility of ALL levels of management. 2. The procedure requires corporate investigation of all major injuries in addition to supervisor's investigation and report.

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IX. Key Elements of the Investigation A. Get the big picture first - VISIT THE SCENE 1. Look at the scene first to have a visual picture concerning information being gathered. 2. Decide where and with whom to start. 3. This saves explanation time and helps to plan what to do and who to ask. 4. Photographs can be taken for reference. 5. Identify possible witnesses.

NOTE: Serious accidents require the area to be sealed off and secured. No items are to be removed until management approves and then the item(s) is to be tagged (identification) and taken to a locked, secure location for later evaluation.

B. Interview Techniques 1. Interview most knowledgeable people first a. Injured person

1. If unavailable due to need for seeking medical treatment -- interview later, but always interview and as soon as

possible. 2. May have to visit the injured at home or elsewhere to

interview. b. Equipment operators c. Witnesses who were in the area, but may not have seen the exact incident happen, only observed before and after. 1. Usually identify things very important to the investigation. 2. Usually have seen more than they realize or willing to admit. d. Remember that later you will put all the information together like a jigsaw puzzle.

2. Put the person at ease a. Serious accidents may cause deep concern and actual fear. b. Simple explanation of investigation purpose reassures the individual that no one is "out to get him/her." c. A friendly manner encourages cooperation 3. Location of Interview a. After getting the big picture, interview in a quiet, interruption free area -- like an office. 1. Provides continuity of conversation 2. Hear everything that is said 3. Conversation not as easily influenced by seeing what should have happened or been done. 4. Less defensiveness 5. Allows interviewer to control on-site actions when visiting area so others do not repeat steps causing the injury.

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b. Visit the site with the interviewee 1. After gaining information in the private area. 2. Allows further relating of circumstances and details. 3. Triggers items that may have been overlooked. 4. Further clarifies unclear items. 5. Allows interviewer to possibly identify conflicts. 6. Do not take person to site if he does not want others to know he is involved 4. Interviews should be private a. First discuss with each knowledgeable person as privately as possible. b. Leads to most accurate findings 1. Not influenced by others as to answers. 2. More apt to reveal everything. 3. Taken more seriously by all involved. c. When serious conflicts are discovered in information gathered. 1. Re-interview separately/privately/objectively. 2. Do not reveal source of conflicting information. 3. Do not reveal conflicting information until absolutely necessary. d. Interview witnesses jointly when it is the only possible recourse to resolve conflicts that must be cleared up. 5. Supportive Materials -- Drawings and Photos a. Conditions change rapidly b. Complete as soon after incident as possible c. The more serious the incident the more valuable the information.

d. Accurate measurement of the area and position of the equipment, conditions, weights -- serve as reference that may be needed.

e. May be only visual evidence left for follow-up investigation that could be months or years later.

NOTE: Serious accidents - the above steps must be taken including identification, tagging, and saving of "ALL" items taken from the accident scene -- down to the smallest bolt/screw. 6. Keep pipeline open a. Check accuracy b. Receive follow-up information

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X. How to Interview A. Be friendly not threatening. B. Explain your methods of investigation. 1. Helps to put person at ease. 2. Person knows what to expect. 3. Gives person time to get accustomed to surrounding. 4. Instruct person to tell only what he saw and identify what he heard. C. Ask person to explain entire sequence of events by starting at the beginning. 1. Do not interrupt as it disrupts chain of thought. 2. Listen -- do not take notes. 3. Allows you to get an overview for later control and questions. D. Have person re-explain sequence of events. 1. Take notes.

2. Ask questions to get more detail or understanding. 3. You are now able to direct questions so that sequence of events are not

left out due to questions. 4. Usually additional events are included as person is more thoughtful second time around. E. Ask the person to draw a simple sketch 1. Helps you to understand. 2. May identify additional items. 3. Identifies his/her understanding. F. Closing Interview 1. Ask for his suggestions for correction to prevent recurrence. 2. Ask for any related suggestions. 3. End positively

a. Let person know he has helped in understanding how incident occurred.

b. Express appreciation for preventive ideas. c. Thank the person for his/her cooperation and help while shaking his/her hand.

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XI. Question Guide A. Listen fully to answers -- avoid showing feelings. B. Avoid leading questions. C. Ask questions that can't be answered with a simple “Yes" or "No". D. Ask questions as though you know nothing. E. Ask questions even though you believe you know the Answer -- you can be surprised. F. Don't try to impress them with how much you know -- the less you appear to know the more you find out. G. The following guide helps to identify the basic (root) causes when there are conditions or actions Discover causes by asking WHO, WHAT, WHEN, WHERE, HOW, WHY......... A CONDITION AN ACTION

Why did it exist? Why wasn't it corrected?

Why was it being done? Why was it necessary?

What caused it to exist?

What was its purpose? What details need elimination?

Where was it? Where was it's source?

Where should it be done? Where else is it being done?

When did it occur? When do similar conditions occur?

When should it be done?

Who was responsible? Who can give me answers?

Who can give me answers? Who can show me what was done?

How should it be corrected? How can it be avoided?

How is the best way to do it? How can it be improved?

XII. Causes - Seldom is there a Single Cause A. Immediate causes are considered the "symptoms." 1. Unsafe acts 2. Unsafe conditions 3. Usually one or more of these are involved. 4. Must use guarded caution so as not to stop the investigation when one cause has been determined.

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B. Contributing causes 1. Corrections needed that are discovered during the investigation. 2. Items leading up to the incident. 3. Not considered the basic cause. C. Basic Cause - The most important discovery

1. Often referred to as root, indirect, underlying or real causes. 2. The origin of the immediate and contributing causes. 3. These must be removed to prevent a recurrence. 4. When action is directed only at the unsafe act and unsafe condition, we are

treating the symptoms and not the disease; therefore, it is doubtful if we'll get better.

5. Examples of basic causes a. Lack or incomplete training in knowledge and skills. b. Incomplete definition of responsibilities c. Improper motivation d. Improper peer group influence e. Physical or mental problem f. Inadequate work standards g. Lack of policy/procedures h. Inadequate purchasing standards i. Inadequate maintenance and preventive j. Lack or incomplete inspection

D. The investigation process includes three primary factors involved in all operations. All three should be thoroughly examined in the course of investigating accidents or near misses:

1. Equipment a. Selection b. Use c. Maintenance 2. Materials a. Selection b. Handling c. Processing 3. People/Behavior a. Selection b. Training c. Leadership

* Basic causes can be found in one or more of these areas

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XIII. Common Pitfalls

Stating that no unsafe act was committed or no unsafe condition existed. 1. If nothing went wrong, there can be no accident.

Assigning causes which are too general and for which no constructive measures can be taken:

1. "He didn't pay attention". 2. "He was careless". 3. "Poor Housekeeping". 4. "Poor body mechanics". 5. "Inattention to surroundings".

Using accident investigation to blame the employee for having an accident

rather than to prevent a recurrence of the accident. 1. People will give excuses not reasons, if blamed.

D. Failing to listen to the injured employee and allowing that person to tell it all.

XIV. Incident Follow-up A. The final and most important part of preventing recurrence. B. Use follow-up file to: 1. Periodically check progress 2. Hold accountable those responsible for correction 3. Prevent corrections from falling between the cracks 4. Continued emphasis as necessary 5. Check effectiveness of corrective actions C. Review by upper management 1. Check to see if investigation and corrective steps were thorough. 2. Focal point and guide for additional investigation of major incidents. 3. Relate information to other areas for preventing similar experiences. XV. CAUTION: Re-Enactment of Incidents

A. People repeat the same substandard practice that resulted in the original loss as they explained "What Happened" at the incident site.

B. Have worker completely explain how the accident happened -- tell, but not

show, to give you insight to make sure he/she doesn't commit same act.

C. Make sure worker understands if he goes through any motions he is not to repeat the actual practice that cause accident.

Purpose It is our policy to provide workers who become ill or injured on the job with the best possible recovery program so they can return to work with minimal emotional and financial disruption in their lives. Our policy is designed to return injured and ill employees to their regular job assignments as soon as possible. Policy and General Information It is (Insert Company Name) policy to provide workers who become ill or injured on the job with the best possible recovery program so they can return to work with minimal emotional and financial disruption in their lives. Our policy is designed to return injured and ill employees to their regular job assignments as soon as possible. In order to return injured or ill workers to their jobs as soon as possible, (Insert Company Name) will make every effort to provide temporary work assignments tailored to the physical capabilities of employees who become injured or ill on the job. (Insert Company Name) will ensure workers perform only those job functions that their medical providers have determined can be safely performed during the recovery process. Alternative and modified job assignments will be structured to meet the physical capabilities and therapy needs of the injured worker.

What are the Benefits of a Return to Work Program (RTW)? For the employer:

• Reduced Worker’s Compensation insurance costs • Less down time & Reduced staffing problems • Improved employee-employer relationships • Earlier return to full duty

For the employee:

• Quicker recovery period • Less emotional stress • Reduced risk of Disability Syndrome

For the physician:

• Improved coordination of care between the employer and treating physician. • Shortened recovery period

P4 - Return to Work Program

Procedures:

1. (Insert Company Name) should inform their primary medical provider that the company has implemented a RTW program, and that the company will make an effort to accommodate the worker with temporary alternative work (TAW) within the restrictions specified by the doctor. (See attachment A)

2. Communicate the program to your employees and solicit their support. This means letting them know what will happen if they become injured and how the RTW program will benefit them. Inform them that the company intends to provide alternative and modified job assignments for all restrictions. Employees must also be made aware that refusal to perform modified duty tasks that adhere with the doctors provided restrictions may result in a termination of workers compensation benefits. This training should become part of the new-hire orientation program. (See attachment B)

3. Identify potential TAW jobs. Since the program involves both “modifying” an injured worker’s regular job or finding an “alternate” job meeting the doctor’s restrictions, it helps to have a list of potential “alternate” work tasks to start from when an injury occurs. (See attachment C)

4. Train Supervisors to understand their importance in this program. Supervisors must nurture the employee back to full duty status by providing and ensuring the employees work within their restrictions as provided by the medical care facility. The supervisors should fully understand the importance of this program to the company and support the injured employee at all times. (See attachment D)

When an injury occurs:

1. Ensure the employee prompt medical attention.

2. The employee should be trained, and aware that he/she must return to his supervisor bringing his/her work capacity form provided by the treating physician.

3. Supervisor must review the work capacity form, and provide a TAW within the listed

restrictions and recommendations of the medical provider.

4. Supervisor should monitor the injured workers progress periodically throughout the day, and support him/her in the return to work plan.

5. The employee should attend all healthcare appointments, follow the prescribed treatment

plan, and help the healthcare provider understand the type of work they do. All medical visits in which the employee receives a work capacity form should be discussed with the supervisor.

6. The employee will remain in the program for a maximum total of twelve (12) weeks or return to full duty, whichever comes first. (Insert Company Name) may extend the 12 week period based on the nature of restrictions, type of injury, and reported medical

progress. An employee who reaches maximal medical improvement (MMI) is no longer eligible for the program.

(ATTACHMENT A) Sample Doctor’s Letter

Today’s Date Your Company Name Your Company Mailing Address Your Company City, State, & Zip Your Company Telephone Numbers Doctors Office Name Mailing Address City, State, & Zip Dear Doctor (Doctor’s Name): As we’ve discussed by phone, (Insert Company Name) has instituted a Temporary Alternate Work Program for our injured employees. This program should have the following benefits for our injured employees:

- Increased income during their disability and recovery period, - Lessened emotional stress, especially about the financial consequences of the injury, - Improved employee-employer relationships, and - Hopefully, shortened recovery period

You are a key element in making this program work. We need your active support and assistance. Our program calls for the employee returning to a temporary job that matches the physical restrictions imposed by you, the treating physician. (Insert Company Name) is very determined to provide TAW that can accommodate all restrictions including seated and sedentary work. Included with this letter are any Regular Job and Temporary Jobs which we’ve already detailed as possible modified duty tasks that an injured employee may be asked to perform dependent upon their provided restrictions. We would appreciate you keeping a folder with our company name on it for this material. Whenever one of our employees is injured, you can then refer to the materials in the folder. After you have had a chance to initially examine one of our injured employees, please provide them with a Work Capacity form so we can provide a temporary job meeting your restrictions. I will also contact you after each employee visit for your evaluation of their recovery progress. We’d appreciate any suggestions you may have to improve our Temporary Alternate Work Program. We’re looking forward to working with you and your staff.

Sincerely,

(Your Name & Phone # if not in the Letterhead)

(Attachment B)

RETURN-TO-WORK PROGRAM EMPLOYEE TRAINING

What are my responsibilities in this RTW program? Notify your supervisor as soon as you sustain a work related injury.

If you go to the medical provider for treatment obtain a completed Employee Work Capability Evaluation

form and present the form to the Return-to-Work Program Manager or your Supervisor as soon as possible but no later than one work day after going to the medical provider. If you are unable to return to the company on that day contact the program manager or your supervisors

immediately after your medical appointment. Communicate frequently with your supervisor, notifying him/her of your status and detail any problems

or issues should they arise.

Questions? Please contact ___________________________, Claims Manager, or ____________________________, Safety Department, with any questions that arise at a later date. The Company Return-to-Work Program has been explained and I am aware of my responsibilities should I sustain a workplace injury. Employee Name / Department Employee Signature / Date Provide a copy to the employee and maintain the original signed form in the employee’s personnel file.

(Attachment C)

Supervisor Tips on Transitioning an Employee Back to Work Returning to work after a leave of absence due to an illness or injury can be a difficult transition for an employee. How easily an employee transitions back to work will depend upon a number of factors. For example, factors such as the length of the absence, the effectiveness of the accommodations, and how welcome and included the employee feels upon his/her return can all impact the ease in which an employee transitions back to work. As a supervisor, your actions can also have a positive impact on your employee’s transition back to work. Below, are a few tips you can follow to make your employee’s return to work as smooth as possible. Prior to the employee’s first day back at work:

o Do not disclose or discuss the employee’s disability details with your crew. Simply

tell your crew that the employee is returning to work from his/her leave of absence. o If the employee’s return to work impacts other employees’ job duties, inform them

of the changes. o If needed, prepare and arrange for work space, access, seating, etc. o If you have any difficulty determining a suitable task that is within the restrictions

provided by the medical provider, notify the Safety Department. On the employee’s first day back at work:

o Personally greet and welcome the employee back at work. o Introduce the employee to new crew members, if any. o If you have not already done so, review with the employee the TAW position, and

what his/her tasks will be. o Remind the employee that his/her health/safety is the primary concern; therefore,

if he/she is asked to perform a task that exceeds his/her work restrictions or he/she feel unable to perform a task, he/she should immediately notify you.

o Reassure the employee that his/her disability details have not been shared with his/her co-workers and that he/she should not feel compelled to do so.

While the employee continues to work:

o As you do with your other employees, periodically check-in with the employee to

see how he/she is doing.

(Attachment D)

RETURN-TO-WORK PROGRAM SUPERVISOR TRAINING

As a supervisor, what are my responsibilities in a RTW program?

The most significant responsibility of the supervisor is to provide positive support to the injured employee. This continues from the onset of the injury until the employee returns to work at full capacity. It is also important for you to have active communication with the injured employee during the leave of absence. Active, positive communication emphasizes the employee’s value to the company, thus increasing the likelihood of an early return to the workplace. You will be attending several meetings with the employee participating in the Return-to-Work Program and the Claims Manager. During these meetings you should clearly explain to the returning employee the duties and importance for the transitional assignment, pointing out new and original safety policies and safe work practices. Be sure to review the Supervisor Tips on Transitioning an Employee Back to Work. Questions?

Please contact ___________________________, Return-to Work Program Manager or Safety Department with any questions.

The Company Return-to-Work Program has been explained and I am aware of my responsibilities if one of my employees is participating in the Return-to-Work Program. Employee Name / Department Employee Signature / Date Provide a copy to the employee and maintain the original signed form in the employee’s personnel file.

Policy:

• OSHA recordkeeping is required for all employers with ten or more employees under the OSHA standard 29 CFR 1904. Employers are responsible to keep OSHA recordkeeping forms providing information regarding all OSHA recordable injuries and illnesses that occur in the workplace

Training:

• The claims coordinator shall receive training regarding OSHA’s Recordkeeping Standards to ensure incidents are deemed work related, treatment beyond basic first aid (including a follow-up visit) is provided and the injury is not a recurrence of a previous OSHA recordable, and to ensure lost workdays are not counted after the 180th day.

Timelines:

• (INSERT COMPANY NAME) shall document all OSHA recordable injuries / illness within seven calendar days of notification. In the event a recorded incident is deemed non-OSHA recordable, it may be removed from the OSHA log at a later date.

Notification:

• Senior Management shall be responsible for notifying the area OSHA office within 8 hours of a fatality and/or a catastrophe (3 or more people hospitalized for one event).

Posting:

• The recordkeeping forms must be available upon request to employees, employee representatives and OSHA. The OSHA summary sheet, Form 300A will be signed by a company officer and posted from February 1 to April 30 in an area accessible to all employees.

Record Retention:

• OSHA 300 logs and 300A Summary Sheets shall be maintained for a minimum of five years.

P5 – OSHA Recordkeeping

File Separation:

• First Report of Injury forms, corresponding Accident Investigation forms, and medical evaluations shall be maintained in a separate file. This information shall not be made part of the employee’s personnel file or training file.

• Each employee shall have a training file separate from his or her personnel file. (INSERT

COMPANY NAME) shall maintain a copy of the employee training records for a period of not less than five (5) years after the date of employment separation.

Access to Records:

• Access to an employee’s training records shall be granted upon the request of any authorized OSHA/EPA representative. Employees shall only be granted access their own personal training file.

OSHAForms for RecordingWork-Related Injuries and Illnesses

What’s Inside…In this package, you’ll find everything you need to complete

OSHA’s and the

for the next several years. On the following pages, you’ll find:

General instructions for filling out the forms in this package

and definitions of terms you should use when you classify

your cases as injuries or illnesses.

An example to guide you in filling

out the properly.

Several pages of the

(but you may make as many copies of

the as you need.) Notice that the

is separate from the

Removable pages

for easy posting at the end of the year.

Note that you post the only,

not the

A worksheet for

figuring the average number of employees who worked for

your establishment and the total number of hours worked.

A copy of the OSHA 301 to

provide details about the incident. You

may make as many copies as you need or

use an equivalent form.

Take a few minutes to review this package. If you have any

questions,

We’ll be happy to help you.

Log Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

Log

Log

Log

Log Summary.

Summary

Summary

Log.

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An Overview: Recording Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

How to Fill Out the Log

Log of Work-Related Injuries andIllnesses

Summary of Work-Related Injuries andIllnesses

Worksheet to Help You Fill Out the Summary

OSHA’s 301: Injury and Illness IncidentReport

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or .

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visit us online at www.osha. gov call your local OSHA office

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Dear Employer:This booklet includes the forms needed for maintaining

occupational injury and illness records for 2004. These new forms havechanged in several important ways from the 2003 recordkeeping forms.

In the ,OSHA announced its decision to add an occupational hearing losscolumn to OSHA’s Form 300, Log of Work-Related Injuries andIllnesses. This forms package contains modified Forms 300 and300A which incorporate the additional column M(5) Hearing Loss.Employers required to complete the injury and illness forms must beginto use these forms on January 1, 2004.

In response to public suggestions, OSHA also has made severalchanges to the forms package to make the recordkeeping materialsclearer and easier to use:

• On Form 300, we’ve switched the positions of the day countcolumns. The days “away from work” column now comes beforethe days “on job transfer or restriction.”

• We’ve clarified the formulas for calculating incidence rates.

• We’ve added new recording criteria for occupational hearing lossto the “Overview” section.

• On Form 300, we’ve made the column heading “Classify theCase” more prominent to make it clear that employers shouldmark only one selection among the four columns offered.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration shares with youthe goal of preventing injuries and illnesses in our nation’s workplaces.Accurate injury and illness records will help us achieve that goal.

December 17, 2002 Federal Register (67 FR 77165-77170)

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

U.S. Department of Labor

The(Form 300) is used to classify work-relatedinjuries and illnesses and to note the extentand severity of each case. When an incidentoccurs, use the to record specific detailsabout what happened and how it happened.The — a separate form (Form 300A)— shows the totals for the year in eachcategory. At the end of the year, post the

in a visible location so that youremployees are aware of the injuries andillnesses occurring in their workplace.

Employers must keep a for eachestablishment or site. If you have more thanone establishment, you must keep a separate

and for each physical location thatis expected to be in operation for one year orlonger.

Note that your employees have the right toreview your injury and illness records. Formore information, see 29 Code of FederalRegulations Part 1904.35,

Cases listed on theare not necessarily eligible

for workers’ compensation or other insurancebenefits. Listing a case on the does notmean that the employer or worker was at faultor that an OSHA standard was violated.

Record those work-related injuries and

illnesses that result in:

death,

loss of consciousness,

days away from work,

restricted work activity or job transfer, or

medical treatment beyond first aid.

You must also record work-related injuries

and illnesses that are significant (as defined

below) or meet any of the additional criteria

listed below.

Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

Log

Summary

Summary

Log

Log Summary

Employee Involvement.

Log of Work-Related

Injuries and Illnesses

Log

When is an injury or illness consideredwork-related?

Which work-related injuries andillnesses should you record?

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An injury or illness is considered

work-related if an event or exposure in the

work environment caused or contributed to the

condition or significantly aggravated a

preexisting condition. Work-relatedness is

presumed for injuries and illnesses resulting

from events or exposures occurring in the

workplace, unless an exception specifically

applies. See 29 CFR Part 1904.5(b)(2) for the

exceptions. The work environment includes

the establishment and other locations where

one or more employees are working or are

present as a condition of their employment.

See 29 CFR Part 1904.5(b)(1).

You must record any significant work-

related injury or illness that is diagnosed by a

physician or other licensed health care

professional. You must record any work-related

case involving cancer, chronic irreversible

disease, a fractured or cracked bone, or a

punctured eardrum. See 29 CFR 1904.7.

You must record the following conditions whenthey are work-related:

any needlestick injury or cut from a sharpobject that is contaminated with anotherperson’s blood or other potentiallyinfectious material;

any case requiring an employee to bemedically removed under the requirementsof an OSHA health standard;

tuberculosis infection as evidenced by apositive skin test or diagnosis by a physicianor other licensed health care professionalafter exposure to a known case of activetuberculosis.

an employee's hearing test (audiogram)reveals 1) that the employee hasexperienced a Standard Threshold Shift(STS) in hearing in one or both ears(averaged at 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hz) and2) the employee's total hearing level is 25decibels (dB) or more above audiometriczero ( also averaged at 2000, 3000, and 4000Hz) in the same ear(s) as the STS.

Medical treatment includes managing andcaring for a patient for the purpose ofcombating disease or disorder. The followingare not considered medical treatments and areNOT recordable:

visits to a doctor or health care professional

solely for observation or counseling;

What are the additional criteria?

What is medical treatment?

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An Overview:Recording Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

What do you need to do?

1. Within 7 calendar days after youreceive information about a case,decide if the case is recordable underthe OSHA recordkeepingrequirements.

Determine whether the incident is anew case or a recurrence of an existingone.

.

dentify the employee involved unlessit is a privacy concern case as describedbelow.

dentify when and where the caseoccurred.

Describe the case, as specifically as youcan.

Identify whether the case is an injuryor illness. If the case is an injury, checkthe injury category. If the case is anillness, check the appropriate illnesscategory.

2.

3.

4.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Establish whether the case was work-related

If the case is recordable, decide whichform you will fill out as the injury andillness incident report.

You may useor an equivalent

form. Some state workers compensa-tion, insurance, or other reports maybe acceptable substitutes, as long asthey provide the same information asthe OSHA 301.

I

I

Classify the seriousness of the case byrecording theassociated with the case, with column G(Death) being the most serious andcolumn J (Other recordable cases)being the least serious.

OSHA’s 301: Injury andIllness Incident Report

How to work with the Log

most serious outcome

The Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act of 1970 requires certain employers to prepare and maintain records of work-related injuries and illnesses. Use thesedefinitions when you classify cases on the Log. OSHA’s recordkeeping regulation (see 29 CFR Part 1904) provides more information about the definitions below.

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diagnostic procedures, including

administering prescription medications that

are used solely for diagnostic purposes; and

any procedure that can be labeled first aid.

( )You must consider the following types of

injuries or illnesses to be privacy concern cases:

an injury or illness to an intimate body part

or to the reproductive system,

an injury or illness resulting from a sexual

assault,

a mental illness,

a case of HIV infection, hepatitis, or

tuberculosis,

a needlestick injury or cut from a sharp

object that is contaminated with blood or

other potentially infectious material (see

29 CFR Part 1904.8 for definition), and

other illnesses, if the employee

independently and voluntarily requests that

his or her name not be entered on the log.

You must not enter the employee’s name on the

OSHA 300 for these cases. Instead, enter

“privacy case” in the space normally used for

the employee’s name. You must keep a separate,

confidential list of the case numbers and

employee names for the establishment’s privacy

concern cases so that you can update the cases

and provide information to the government if

asked to do so.

If you have a reasonable basis to believe

that information describing the privacy concern

case may be personally identifiable even though

the employee’s name has been omitted, you may

use discretion in describing the injury or illness

on both the OSHA 300 and 301 forms. You

must enter enough information to identify the

cause of the incident and the general severity of

the injury or illness, but you do not need to

include details of an intimate or private nature.

contusion, chipped

tooth,

See below for more information about first aid.

Log

Under what circumstances should youNOT enter the employee’s name on theOSHA Form 300?

Classifying injuries

An injury is any wound or damage to the body

resulting from an event in the work

environment.

Cut, puncture, laceration,

abrasion, fracture, bruise,

amputation, insect bite, electrocution, or

a thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiation

burn. Sprain and strain injuries to muscles,

joints, and connective tissues are classified as

injuries when they result from a slip, trip, fall or

other similar accidents.

Examples:

What is first aid?If the incident required only the following typesof treatment, consider it first aid. Do NOTrecord the case if it involves only:

using non-prescription medications at non-prescription strength;

administering tetanus immunizations;

cleaning, flushing, or soaking wounds on theskin surface;

using wound coverings, such as bandages,BandAids™, gauze pads, etc., or usingSteriStrips™ or butterfly bandages.

using hot or cold therapy;

using any totally non-rigid means of support,such as elastic bandages, wraps, non-rigidback belts, etc.;

using temporary immobilization deviceswhile transporting an accident victim(splints, slings, neck collars, or back boards).

drilling a fingernail or toenail to relievepressure, or draining fluids from blisters;

using eye patches;

using simple irrigation or a cotton swab toremove foreign bodies not embedded in oradhered to the eye;

using irrigation, tweezers, cotton swab orother simple means to remove splinters orforeign material from areas other than theeye;

using finger guards;

using massages;

drinking fluids to relieve heat stress

Restricted work activity occurs when, as the

result of a work-related injury or illness, an

employer or health care professional keeps, or

recommends keeping, an employee from doing

the routine functions of his or her job or from

working the full workday that the employee

would have been scheduled to work before the

injury or illness occurred.

If the outcome or extent of an injury or illness

changes after you have recorded the case,

simply draw a line through the original entry or,

if you wish, delete or white-out the original

entry. Then write the new entry where it

belongs. Remember, you need to record the

most serious outcome for each case.

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How do you decide if the case involvedrestricted work?

How do you count the number of daysof restricted work activity or thenumber of days away from work?

What if the outcome changes after yourecord the case?

Count the number of calendar days the

employee was on restricted work activity or was

away from work as a result of the recordable

injury or illness. Do not count the day on which

the injury or illness occurred in this number.

Begin counting days from the day the

incident occurs. If a single injury or illness

involved both days away from work and days of

restricted work activity, enter the total number

of days for each. You may stop counting days of

restricted work activity or days away from work

once the total of either or the combination of

both reaches 180 days.

after

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Classifying illnesses

Skin diseases or disorders

Respiratory conditions

Hearing Loss

All other illnesses

Skin diseases or disorders are illnesses involving

the worker’s skin that are caused by work

exposure to chemicals, plants, or other

substances.

Contact dermatitis, eczema, or

rash caused by primary irritants and sensitizers

or poisonous plants; oil acne; friction blisters,

chrome ulcers; inflammation of the skin.

Respiratory conditions are illnesses associated

with breathing hazardous biological agents,

chemicals, dust, gases, vapors, or fumes at work.

Silicosis, asbestosis, pneumonitis,

pharyngitis, rhinitis or acute congestion;

farmer’s lung, beryllium disease, tuberculosis,

occupational asthma, reactive airways

dysfunction syndrome (RADS), chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),

hypersensitivity pneumonitis, toxic inhalation

injury, such as metal fume fever, chronic

obstructive bronchitis, and other

pneumoconioses.

Noise-induced hearing loss is defined for

recordkeeping purposes as a change in hearing

threshold relative to the baseline audiogram of

an average of 10 dB or more in either ear at

2000, 3000 and 4000 hertz

All other occupational illnesses.

Heatstroke, sunstroke, heat

exhaustion, heat stress and other effects of

environmental heat; freezing, frostbite, and

other effects of exposure to low temperatures;

decompression sickness; effects of ionizing

radiation (isotopes, x-rays, radium); effects of

nonionizing radiation (welding flash, ultra-violet

rays, lasers); anthrax; bloodborne pathogenic

diseases, such as AIDS, HIV, hepatitis B or

hepatitis C; brucellosis; malignant or

Examples:

Examples:

Examples:

PoisoningPoisoning includes disorders evidenced by

abnormal concentrations of toxic substances in

blood, other tissues, other bodily fluids, or the

breath that are caused by the ingestion or

absorption of toxic substances into the body.

Poisoning by lead, mercury,

cadmium, arsenic, or other metals; poisoning by

carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, or other

gases; poisoning by benzene, benzol, carbon

tetrachloride, or other organic solvents;

poisoning by insecticide sprays, such as

parathion or lead arsenate; poisoning by other

chemicals, such as formaldehyde.

Examples:

benign

tumors; histoplasmosis; coccidioidomycosis.

, and the employee’s

total hearing level is 25 decibels (dB) or more

above audiometric zero (also averaged at 2000,

3000, and 4000 hertz) in the same ear(s).

When must you post the Summary?

How long must you keep the Logand Summary on file?

Do you have to send these forms toOSHA at the end of the year?

How can we help you?

You must post the only not the

by February 1 of the year following the

year covered by the form and keep it posted

until April 30 of that year.

You must keep the and for

5 years following the year to which they

pertain.

No. You do not have to send the completed

forms to OSHA unless specifically asked to

do so.

If you have a question about how to fill out

the ,

or

Summary —

Log —

Log Summary

Log

�

�

visit us online at www.osha.gov

call your local OSHA office.

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What is an incidence rate?

How do you calculate an incidencerate?

What can I compare my incidencerate to?

An incidence rate is the number of recordable

injuries and illnesses occurring among a given

number of full-time workers (usually 100 full-

time workers) over a given period of time

(usually one year). To evaluate your firm’s

injury and illness experience over time or to

compare your firm’s experience with that of

your industry as a whole, you need to compute

your incidence rate. Because a specific number

of workers and a specific period of time are

involved, these rates can help you identify

problems in your workplace and/or progress

you may have made in preventing work-

related injuries and illnesses.

You can compute an occupational injury and

illness incidence rate for all recordable cases or

for cases that involved days away from work for

your firm quickly and easily. The formula

requires that you follow instructions in

paragraph (a) below for the total recordable

cases or those in paragraph (b) for cases that

involved days away from work, for both

rates the instructions in paragraph (c).

(a)

count the number of line entries on your

OSHA Form 300, or refer to the OSHA Form

300A and sum the entries for columns (G), (H),

(I), and (J).

(b)

count

the number of line entries on your OSHA

Form 300 that received a check mark in

column (H), or refer to the entry for column

(H) on the OSHA Form 300A.

(c)

. Refer to OSHA Form

300A and optional worksheet to calculate this

number.

You can compute the incidence rate for all

recordable cases of injuries and illnesses using

the following formula:

(The 200,000 figure in the formula represents

the number of hours 100 employees working

40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year would

work, and provides the standard base for

calculating incidence rates.)

You can compute the incidence rate for

recordable cases involving days away from

work, days of restricted work activity or job

transfer (DART) using the following formula:

You can use the same formula to calculate

incidence rates for other variables such as cases

involving restricted work activity (column (I)

on Form 300A), cases involving skin disorders

(column (M-2) on Form 300A), etc. Just

substitute the appropriate total for these cases,

from Form 300A, into the formula in place of

the total number of injuries and illnesses.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) conducts

a survey of occupational injuries and illnesses

each year and publishes incidence rate data by

various classifications (e.g., by industry, by

employer size, etc.). You can obtain these

published data at www.bls.gov/iif or by calling a

BLS Regional Office.

and

To find out the total number of recordable

injuries and illnesses that occurred during the year,

To find out the number of injuries and

illnesses that involved days away from work,

The number of hours all employees actually

worked during the year

Total number of injuries and illnesses 200,000 ÷

Number of hours worked by all employees = Total

recordable case rate

(Number of entries in column H + Number of

entries in column I) 200,000 ÷ Number of hours

worked by all employees = DART incidence rate

X

X

Optional

Calculating Injury and Illness Incidence Rates

Worksheet

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Number of entries in

Column H Column I+

DART incidence

rate

Number of

hours worked

by all employees

Total number of

injuries and illnesses

X 200,000 =

Total recordable

case rate

Number of

hours worked

by all employees

X 200,000 =

The is

used to classify work-related injuries and

illnesses and to note the extent and severity

of each case. When an incident occurs, use

the to record specific details about what

happened and how it happened.

We have given you several copies of the

in this package. If you need more than

we provided, you may photocopy and use as

many as you need.

The — a separate form —

shows the work-related injury and illness

totals for the year in each category. At the

end of the year, count the number of

incidents in each category and transfer the

totals from the to the Then

post the in a visible location so that

your employees are aware of injuries and

illnesses occurring in their workplace.

Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

Log

Log

Summary

Log Summary.

Summary

If your company has more than one

establishment or site, you must keep

separate records for each physical location

that is expected to remain in operation for

one year or longer.

You don’t post the Log. You post onlythe Summary at the end of the year.

How to Fill Out the LogU

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Revise the log if the injury or illnessprogresses and the outcome is moreserious than you originally recorded forthe case. Cross out, erase, or white-outthe original entry.

Be as specific as possible. Youcan use two lines if you needmore room. Note whether the

case involves aninjury or an illness.

Choose ONLY ONE of thesecategories. Classify the caseby recording the mostserious outcome of the case,with column G (Death) beingthe most serious and columnJ (Other recordable cases)being the least serious.

}Check the “Injury” column orchoose one type of illness:

R

Describe injury or illness, parts of body affected,

and object/substance that directly injured

or made person ill

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F)

(G) (H) (I) (J) (K) (L)(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

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You must record information about every work-related death and about every work-related injury or illness that involves loss of consciousness, restricted work activity or job transfer,days away from work, or medical treatment beyond first aid. You must also record significant work-related injuries and illnesses that are diagnosed by a physician or licensed healthcare professional. You must also record work-related injuries and illnesses that meet any of the specific recording criteria listed in 29 CFR Part 1904.8 through 1904.12. Feel free touse two lines for a single case if you need to. You must complete an Injury and Illness Incident Report (OSHA Form 301) or equivalent form for each injury or illness recorded on thisform. If you’re not sure whether a case is recordable, call your local OSHA office for help.

(M)

Attention: This form contains information relating toemployee health and must be used in a manner thatprotects the confidentiality of employees to the extentpossible while the information is being used foroccupational safety and health purposes.

XYZ Company

Anywhere MA

Form approved OMB no. 1218-0176

DeathDays awayfrom work

Job transferor restriction

Remained at Work

Other record-able cases

Awayfromwork

On jobtransfer orrestriction

Enter the number ofdays the injured orill worker was:

CHECK ONLY ONE box for each casebased on the most serious outcome forthat case:

(Rev. 01/2004)

U.S. Department of LaborOccupational Safety and Health Administration

OSHA’s Form 300 (Rev. 01/2004) Year 20__ __Log of Work-Related Injuries and IllnessesYou must record information about every work-related death and about every work-related injury or illness that involves loss of consciousness, restricted work activity or job transfer,days away from work, or medical treatment beyond first aid. You must also record significant work-related injuries and illnesses that are diagnosed by a physician or licensed healthcare professional. You must also record work-related injuries and illnesses that meet any of the specific recording criteria listed in 29 CFR Part 1904.8 through 1904.12. Feel free touse two lines for a single case if you need to. You must complete an Injury and Illness Incident Report (OSHA Form 301) or equivalent form for each injury or illness recorded on thisform. If you’re not sure whether a case is recordable, call your local OSHA office for help.

Form approved OMB no. 1218-0176

Page ____ of ____

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Be sure to transfer these totals to the Summary page (Form 300A) before you post it.

Page totals

Establishment name ___________________________________________

City ________________________________ State ___________________

Inju

ry

Enter the number ofdays the injured orill worker was:

Check the “Injury” column orchoose one type of illness:

month/day

month/day

month/day

month/day

month/day

month/day

month/day

month/day

month/day

month/day

month/day

month/day

month/day

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 14 minutes per response, including time to reviewthe instructions, search and gather the data needed, and complete and review the collection of information. Persons are not requiredto respond to the collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. If you have any commentsabout these estimates or any other aspects of this data collection, contact: US Department of Labor, OSHA Office of StatisticalAnalysis, Room N-3644, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20210. Do not send the completed forms to this office.

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F)

(M)

(K) (L)(G) (H) (I) (J)

DeathDays awayfrom work

On jobtransfer orrestriction

Awayfromwork

Attention: This form contains information relating toemployee health and must be used in a manner thatprotects the confidentiality of employees to the extentpossible while the information is being used foroccupational safety and health purposes.

CHECK ONLY ONE box for each casebased on the most serious outcome forthat case:

Job transferor restriction

Other record-able cases

Remained at Work

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(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

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Identify the person Describe the case Classify the case

Case Employee’s name Job title Date of injury Where the event occurred Describe injury or illness, parts of body affected,

of illness or made person ill (

no. or onset and object/substance that directly injured

e.g., Second degree burns on

e.g., Welder e.g., Loading dock north end

right forearm from acetylene torch

( ) ( )

)

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ______________________ ___________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ___________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ___________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ___________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ___________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ___________________ ____________________________________________________ ____ ____

_____ ________________________ ____________ ______/__________ ______________________ ____________________________________________________ ____ ____

days days

days days

days days

days days

days days

days days

days days

days days

days days

days days

days days

days days

days days

U.S. Department of LaborOccupational Safety and Health Administration

OSHA’s Form 300A (Rev. 01/2004)Year 20__ __

Summary of Work-Related Injuries and IllnessesForm approved OMB no. 1218-0176

Total number ofdeaths

__________________

Total number ofcases with daysaway from work

__________________

Number of Cases

Total number of days awayfrom work

___________

Total number of days of jobtransfer or restriction

___________

Number of Days

Post this Summary page from February 1 to April 30 of the year following the year covered by the form.

All establishments covered by Part 1904 must complete this Summary page, even if no work-related injuries or illnesses occurred during the year. Remember to review the Log

to verify that the entries are complete and accurate before completing this summary.

Using the Log, count the individual entries you made for each category. Then write the totals below, making sure you’ve added the entries from every page of the Log. If you

had no cases, write “0.”

Employees, former employees, and their representatives have the right to review the OSHA Form 300 in its entirety. They also have limited access to the OSHA Form 301 or

its equivalent. See 29 CFR Part 1904.35, in OSHA’s recordkeeping rule, for further details on the access provisions for these forms.

Establishment information

Employment information

Your establishment name __________________________________________

Street _________________________ _______

City ____________________________ State ______ ZIP _________

Industry description ( )

_______________________________________________________

Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), if known ( )

____ ____ ____ ____

North American Industrial Classification (NAICS), if known (e.g., 336212)

e.g., Manufacture of motor truck trailers

e.g., 3715

(I ee the

Worksheet on the back of this page to estimate.)

_____________________

OR

____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____

Annual average number of employees ______________

Total hours worked by all employees last year ______________

f you don’t have these figures, s

Sign here

Knowingly falsifying this document may result in a fine.

I certify that I have examined this document and that to the best of myknowledge the entries are true, accurate, and complete.

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

Company executive Title

Phone Date( ) - / /

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 58 minutes per response, including time to review the instructions, search and gather the data needed, andcomplete and review the collection of information. Persons are not required to respond to the collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. If you have anycomments about these estimates or any other aspects of this data collection, contact: US Department of Labor, OSHA Office of Statistical Analysis, Room N-3644, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW,Washington, DC 20210. Do not send the completed forms to this office.

Total number of . . .

Skin disorders ______

Respiratory conditions ______

Injuries ______

Injury and Illness Types

Poisonings ______

Hearing loss

All other illnesses ______

______

(G) (H) (I) (J)

(K) (L)

(M)(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

Total number ofcases with jobtransfer or restriction

__________________

Total number ofother recordablecases

__________________

At the end of the year, OSHA requires you to enter the average number of employees and the total hours worked by your employees on the summary. If you don’t have these figures, you can use theinformation on this page to estimate the numbers you will need to enter on the Summary page at the end of the year.

For example, Acme Construction figured its average employment this way:For pay period… Acme paid this number of employees…

1 102 03 154 305 40

24 2025 1526 +

830

▼ ▼

10

How to figure the average number of employeeswho worked for your establishment during theyear:

�

�

�

�

Add

Count

Divide

Round the answer

the total number of employees your

establishment paid in all pay periods during the

year. Include all employees: full-time, part-time,

temporary, seasonal, salaried, and hourly.

the number of pay periods your

establishment had during the year. Be sure to

include any pay periods when you had no

employees.

the number of employees by the number of

pay periods.

to the next highest whole

number. Write the rounded number in the blank

marked Annual average number of employees.

The number of employees

paid in all pay periods =

The number of pay

periods during the year =

=

The number rounded =

�

�

�

�

How to figure the total hours worked by all employees:

Include hours worked by salaried, hourly, part-time and seasonal workers, as

well as hours worked by other workers subject to day to day supervision by

your establishment (e.g., temporary help services workers).

Do not include vacation, sick leave, holidays, or any other non-work time,

even if employees were paid for it. If your establishment keeps records of only

the hours paid or if you have employees who are not paid by the hour, please

estimate the hours that the employees actually worked.

If this number isn’t available, you can use this optional worksheet to

estimate it.

Optional

Worksheet to Help You Fill Out the Summary

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Multiply

Add

Round

the number of full-time employees in your

establishment for the year.

by the number of work hours for a full-time

employee in a year.

This is the number of full-time hours worked.

the number of any overtime hours as well as the

hours worked by other employees (part-time,

temporary, seasonal)

the answer to the next highest whole number.

Write the rounded number in the blank marked Total

hours worked by all employees last year.

x

+

Optional Worksheet

Number of employees paid = 830

Number of pay periods = 26

= 31.9226

31.92 rounds to 32

32 is the annual average number of employees

830

Information about the employee

Information about the physician or other health careprofessional

Full name

Street

City State ZIP

Date of birth

Date hired

Male

Female

Name of physician or other health care professional

If treatment was given away from the worksite, where was it given?

Facility

Street

City State ZIP

Was employee treated in an emergency room?

Yes

No

Was employee hospitalized overnight as an in-patient?

Yes

No

_____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

______________________________________ _________ ___________

______ / _____ / ______

______ / _____ / ______

__________________________

________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

______________________________________ _________ ___________

�

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�

U.S. Department of LaborOccupational Safety and Health Administration

OSHA’s Form 301Injury and Illness Incident Report

Form approved OMB no. 1218-0176

This is one of the

first forms you must fill out when a recordable work-

related injury or illness has occurred. Together with

the and the

accompanying these forms help the

employer and OSHA develop a picture of the extent

and severity of work-related incidents.

Within 7 calendar days after you receive

information that a recordable work-related injury or

illness has occurred, you must fill out this form or an

equivalent. Some state workers’ compensation,

insurance, or other reports may be acceptable

substitutes. To be considered an equivalent form,

any substitute must contain all the information

asked for on this form.

According to Public Law 91-596 and 29 CFR

1904, OSHA’s recordkeeping rule, you must keep

this form on file for 5 years following the year to

which it pertains.

If you need additional copies of this form, you

may photocopy and use as many as you need.

Injury and Illness Incident Report

Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

Summary,

Information about the case

Case number from the

Date of injury or illness

Time employee began work

Time of event Check if time cannot be determined

Date of death

Log _____________________ (Transfer the case number from the Log after you record the case.)

______ / _____ / ______

____________________

____________________

______ / _____ / ______

AM / PM

AM / PM �

What was the employee doing just before the incident occurred?

What happened?

What was the injury or illness?

What object or substance directly harmed the employee?

If the employee died, when did death occur?

Describe the activity, as well as the

tools, equipment, or material the employee was using. Be specific. “climbing a ladder while

carrying roofing materials”; “spraying chlorine from hand sprayer”; “daily computer key-entry.”

Tell us how the injury occurred. “When ladder slipped on wet floor, worker

fell 20 feet”; “Worker was sprayed with chlorine when gasket broke during replacement”; “Worker

developed soreness in wrist over time.”

Tell us the part of the body that was affected and how it was affected; be

more specific than “hurt,” “pain,” or sore.” “strained back”; “chemical burn, hand”; “carpal

tunnel syndrome.”

“concrete floor”; “chlorine”;

“radial arm saw.”

Examples:

Examples:

Examples:

Examples:

If this question does not apply to the incident, leave it blank.

Completed by

Title

Phone Date

_______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

(________)_________--_____________ _____/ ______ / _____

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 22 minutes per response, including time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Persons are not required to respond to the

collection of information unless it displays a current valid OMB control number. If you have any comments about this estimate or any other aspects of this data collection, including suggestions for reducing this burden, contact: US Department of Labor, OSHA Office of Statistical Analysis, Room N-3644, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW,

Washington, DC 20210. Do not send the completed forms to this office.

10)

11)

12)

13)

14)

15)

16)

17)

18)

1)

2)

3)

5)

6)

7)

8)

9)

4)

Attention: This form contains information relating toemployee health and must be used in a manner thatprotects the confidentiality of employees to the extentpossible while the information is being used foroccupational safety and health purposes.

If you need help deciding whether a case is recordable, or if you have questions about the information in this package, feel free to contact us. We’ll gladly answer any questions you have.

If You Need Help…

t Visit us online at www.osha.gov

t Call your OSHA Regional office and ask for the recordkeeping coordinator

or

t Call your State Plan office

Federal Jurisdiction State Plan States Oregon - 503 / 378-3272

Alaska - 907 / 269-4957Region 1 - 617 / 565-9860 Puerto Rico - 787 / 754-2172Connecticut; Massachusetts; Maine; New Hampshire; Rhode Island Arizona - 602 / 542-5795 South Carolina - 803 / 734-9669

Region 2 - 212 / 337-2378 California - 415 / 703-5100 Tennessee - 615 / 741-2793New York; New Jersey

*Connecticut - 860 / 566-4380 Utah - 801 / 530-6901Region 3 - 215 / 861-4900DC; Delaware; Pennsylvania; West Virginia Hawaii - 808 / 586-9100 Vermont - 802 / 828-2765

Indiana - 317 / 232-2688Region 4 - 404 / 562-2300 Virginia - 804 / 786-6613Alabama; Florida; Georgia; Mississippi

Iowa - 515 / 281-3661 Virgin Islands - 340 / 772-1315

Region 5 - 312 / 353-2220Kentucky - 502 / 564-3070Illinois; Ohio; Wisconsin Washington - 360 / 902-5554

Maryland - 410 / 527-4465 Wyoming - 307 / 777-7786Region 6 - 214 / 767-4731Arkansas; Louisiana; Oklahoma; Texas

Michigan - 517 / 322-1848

*Public Sector onlyRegion 7 - 816 / 426-5861Minnesota - 651 / 284-5050Kansas; Missouri; Nebraska

Nevada - 702 / 486-9020Region 8 - 303 / 844-1600Colorado; Montana; North Dakota; South

*New Jersey - 609 / 984-1389Dakota

New Mexico - 505 / 827-4230Region 9 - 415 / 975-4310

*New York - 518 / 457-2574Region 10 - 206 / 553-5930Idaho

North Carolina - 919 / 807-2875

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Have questions?

If you need help in filling out the or or if you

have questions about whether a case is recordable, contact

us. We’ll be happy to help you. You can:

Visit us online at:

Call your regional or state plan office. You’ll find the

phone number listed inside this cover.

Log Summary,

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Purpose:

• Although (Insert Company Name) takes every precaution to prevent serious incidents from occurring on our jobsites, it would be irresponsible to ignore the possibility that one may occur. Construction is a dangerous industry, and the emergency may not even be directly related to our operations. Having an effective plan for Emergency Response is prudent and necessary.

Policy:

• The following shall be completed and maintained on projects which require this be implemented.

EMERGENCY RESPONSE TELEPHONE NUMBERS / INFORMATION

• Project Name:____________________________________________________________

• Project Address: __________________________________________________________

• Competent Person: _______________________________ Cell Contact: _____________

• Fire #: ___________911_______________ Police #:____________911______________

• Clinic: (Name) _____________________________________________________ (Address) ___________________________________________________ (Contact #) __________________________________________________

• Hospital: (Name) _____________________________________________________ (Address) ___________________________________________________

(Contact #) __________________________________________________

• PRIMARY ACCESS TO THE CONSTRUCTION SITE MAY CHANGE AS THE PROJECT PROGRESSES. (Insert Company Name) WILL MAKE EVERY EFFORT TO ENSURE THERE IS SOMEONE AT THE ENTRANCE OF THE ACCIDENT AREA TO DIRECT EMERGENCY CREWS ONTO THE SITE.

P6 - Emergency Action Planning

(Insert Company Name) EMERGENCY CONTACT LIST (Contact immediately after securing scene and implementing emergency response)

Safety Director: (NAME) ____________________________________ (CELL) ___________________ Project Manager: (NAME) _____________________________________ (CELL) __________________ Superintendent: (NAME) _____________________________________ (CELL) __________________ Critical Operations:

• Projects which involve critical operations (use of powered equipment, propane gas, etc.) will require employees to shut this equipment off prior to exiting the roof, providing it’s safe to do so. In the event of a site evacuation, the project foreman / competent person, providing it’s safe to do so, shall designate employees to complete this task.

• If it is too unsafe for employees to shut off critical operations, the emergency responders will be immediately notified of the presence and location of these concerns by the project Foreman.

Head Count:

• All project foreman must maintain an accurate count of employees onsite under their direction.

• All employees shall be trained in the muster area at the start of the project, and this area shall be discussed during weekly tool box talks. Should jobsite conditions (wind, construction sequence, other hazards) require a change to the muster area this shall be communicated to all employees.

• The location of the muster area on this project is;

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Introduction:

• It is the desire of (Insert Company Name) that employees are informed about the hazardous substances they may encounter in the workplace, and learn the appropriate protective measures to work safely with those substances. This Hazard Communications Program is intended to comply with the requirements of the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard 29 CFR 1910.1200 and includes the recent 2012 revisions and conversion to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS).

A. Contents:

• This written Hazard Communication Program provides details on the following components of

(Insert Company Name) program.

o Hazardous Material Inventory o Safety Data Sheets o Container Labelling o Employee Training

B. Accessibility:

• This document, the Hazardous Material Inventory, and all Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are

available to all (Insert Company Name) employees upon request.

C. Hazardous Material Inventory • The Safety Department maintains a general list of all hazardous materials used in our

operations. This list contains the name of the product and address of the manufacturer.

• The Safety Department shall ensure the SDS is present for all chemicals in general inventory.

• Project Managers shall create a Hazardous Material Inventory specific to their job and include this with the Site Specific Safety Plan and pre-job documentation.

o Should the Project Manager use a hazardous material not on the general list

maintained by the Safety Department, the Project Manager shall obtain an SDS for the chemical and send it to the Safety Department so that it can be added to the general inventory.

S1 – Hazard Communication Program

D. Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

• Copies of SDS for all hazardous substances to which our employees may be exposed will be kept in a binder at the main office. These SDS are available to all employees, at all times, upon request. Copies of the products specific to the jobsite will also be kept by the Supervisor at the work site.

• The Safety Department will be responsible for reviewing incoming SDS for new and significant health/safety information. They will ensure that any new information is passed on to the affected employees.

• New materials will not be introduced into the shop or field until a SDS has been received. The

purchasing department will make it an ongoing part of their function to obtain SDS for all new materials when they are first ordered.

E. Container Labeling

• No container of hazardous substances will be used unless the container is correctly labeled and the label is legible.

• As part of the 2012 HAZCOM regulatory update, primary labels (labels on containers from the manufacturer) must have the following information affixed by December 1, 2015:

o Signal Words o Hazard Statements o Precautionary Statements o Product Identification o Supplier Identification o Pictograms

• Secondary containers (containers other than the primary one the product was received in) can

be used under the following conditions:

o Each secondary container in the workplace must be labeled, tagged or marked with the identity of hazardous chemicals contained within, and must show hazardous warnings appropriate for employee protection.

o Each secondary container label must relay the same information as the primary. o Exception to secondary container labelling granted only if the container is to remain in

custody of the user at all times and is used in its entirety or the remainder is returned to the primary container or properly disposed of within the same work shift. In these instances the secondary container does not require labeling.

• Pictograms are as follows:

Flame over Circle:

- Oxidizers

Environment:

- Environmental toxicity

Exclamation Mark:

- Irritant, Dermal sensitizer, Acute toxicity (harmful), Narcotic effects, Respiratory tract irritation

Health Hazard:

- Carcinogen, Respiratory Sensitizer, Reproductive Toxicity, Target organ toxicity, Mutagenicity, Aspiration toxicity

Flame:

- Flammables, Self-reactives , Pyrophorics , Self-heating, Emits flammable gas, Organic peroxides

Gas Cylinder:

- Gases under pressure

Corrosive:

- Skin corrosion; burns, Eye damage, Corrosive to metals

Exploding Bomb:

- Explosives, Self-reactives, Organic peroxides

Skull & Crossbone:

- Acute toxicity (severe)

F. Employee Training

• All employees will be provided information and training on the following items through the company safety training program and prior to starting work with hazardous substances:

o An overview of the requirements of the Hazard Communication Standard, including

their rights under this regulation. o Information regarding the use of hazardous substances in their specific work areas. o The location and availability of the written hazard communication program. The

program will be available from the Supervisor and Safety Department. o The physical and health hazards of the hazardous substances in use. o Methods and observation techniques used to determine the presence or release of

hazardous substances in the work area. o The controls, work practices and personal protective equipment available for

protection against possible exposure. o Emergency and first aid procedures to follow if employees are exposed to hazardous

substances. o How to read labels (including pictograms and labeling changes detailed within HAZCOM

2012 regulatory changes) and safety data sheets to obtain the appropriate hazard information.

G. Hazardous Non-Routine Tasks

• Infrequently, employees may be required to perform hazardous non-routine tasks. Prior to starting this work, each involved employee will be given information by his/her supervisor about hazards to which they may be exposed during such activity.

• This information will include:

o The specific hazards. o Protective/safety measures which must be utilized. o The measures the company has taken to lessen the hazards, including special

ventilation, respirators, the presence of another employee, emergency procedures, etc.

H. Informing Outside Contractors & Vendors

• To ensure that outside contractors are not exposed to our hazardous materials, and to ensure the safety of the contractor’s employees, it will be the responsibility of the Project Manager to provide outside contractors the following information:

o The hazardous substances under our control that they may be exposed to while at the

work site. o The precautions the contractor's employees must take to lessen the possibility of

exposure.

• We will obtain from outside contractors and vendors the name of any hazardous substances the contractor's employees may be using at a work site or bringing into our facility. The contractor must also supply a copy of the safety data sheet relevant to these materials.

I. Employee Rights Under The Hazard Communication Standard

• At any time, an employee has the right to:

o Access the SDS folder, and the Hazard Communication Program. o Receive a copy of any environmental sampling data collected in the workplace. o See their employment medical records upon request.

J. Additional Information Routes and Types of Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals:

• Listed below are the ways (routes) in which a chemical can enter your body. There are four major main ways or routes in which chemicals can enter the body.

o Inhalation is the most common route of entry. This occurs when you breathe dusts,

fumes, mists or vapors into the body. When inhaled, some hazardous substances can cause irritation or injury to the nose, mouth, throat or lungs. However, injuries from inhalation may go further than the obvious. Other hazardous substances can enter the blood stream to other organs and linings in the body and damage them.

o Absorption is the entry of a chemical into the body through the skin. This may occur

when unprotected skin comes into contact (mist, splashing, immersing, contaminated clothing rubbing against skin etc.) with a chemical. Direct skin contact with some chemicals may cause burns or irritation to the skin, while others may be absorbed into the blood stream through the skin or a wound.

o Ingestion or swallowing occurs when a chemical or anything contaminated with a chemical in ingested. Normally, the chances of someone eating or drinking a hazardous chemical from the product container are remote. It is important, however, to keep articles which could be contaminated (food, beverages, tobacco products, chewing gum, etc.) away from the work area and practice good hygiene (hand washing, etc.) before handling food items.

o Injection is the least common of the four and general occurs from mechanical entry through sharps (needles) or paint sprayers, air guns, etc.

Hazardous Chemical Inventory

Chemical Name Manufacturer SDS On File (Y/N)

Pictograms The following pictograms will appear on chemical container labels and Safety Data Sheets (SDSs):

Corrosives Irritant or Sensitizer

Health Hazard

Acute Toxicity Flammables Explosives

Gases Under Pressure Oxidizers Ecotoxicity

Introduction: For many years now falls from elevation have been the leading cause of fatalities in the roofing industry. Falls off or through roofs as well as falls off of ladders account for many fatalities as well as serious and life changing non-fatal injuries yearly. While falls are the most significant exposure we routinely deal with, good policy and procedures can effectively control these hazards. Contents:

• General Requirements

• Employee Training

• Fall Hazard Identification and Evaluation Responsibilities

• Fall Protection Systems

o Guardrails o Safety Nets o Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS)

Fall Restraint Systems Calculating Fall Distances

o Warning Lines & Safety Monitors o Covers & Skylight Guards

• Rescue Planning

S2 – Fall Protection Policy

General Requirements

• It is the policy of (Insert Company Name) to take all practical measures possible to prevent employees from being injured by falls from heights. (Insert Company Name) will take all necessary steps to eliminate, prevent, and control fall hazards. (Insert Company Name) will comply fully with the OSHA Fall Protection standard (CFR 1926, Subpart M, Fall Protection).

• This policy will follow the OSHA standard for potential falls from heights of 6 feet and more. First consideration will be given to the elimination of fall hazards. If a fall hazard cannot be eliminated, effective fall protection will be planned, implemented, and monitored to control the risks of injury due to falling.

• All personnel exposed to potential falls from heights will be trained to minimize their exposures. Fall protection equipment will be provided and used by all employees. Project Managers & Foreman will be responsible for implementation of a site specific fall protection plan for each job site. A rescue plan shall also be prepare in conjunction with a site specific safety plan for all projects in which a Personal Fall Arrest System will be utilized as the primary means of fall protection for the employees working onsite.

• In the event an employee is seen exhibiting behaviors which warrant he/she is unaware of the required procedures pertaining to fall protection, they shall receive re-training by the safety manager.

Employee Training:

• All employees who are exposed to fall hazards shall receive training as required by the Employee Training section A8 of this manual.

• Employees shall be trained by a competent person qualified in the following areas:

o Nature of fall hazards in the work area; o Correct procedures for installing, inspection, and utilizing fall protection systems o The role of each employee in a safety monitoring system. o All requirements within this Fall Protection Policy

• A written certification record shall be created verifying training. The record shall

contain the name of employees trained, date, and printed name & signature of the trainer.

• Retraining is required:

o as detailed in the company training matrix within section A8 of this manual. o when new fall protection equipment or requirements are introduced. o If employees demonstrate a lack of knowledge or understanding on a relevant

fall protection requirement of this policy. Fall Hazard Identification & Evaluation:

• Prior to accessing any roof (insert company name) shall evaluate to the extent feasible that it has sufficient structural integrity to support anticipated loads.

* At the end of this section a sample deck safety preplanning form is provided.

• The requirements of this section do not apply to employees performing initial assessments , inspections, investigations of workplace conditions prior to or after the completion of construction work.

• When employees are performing these inspections/assessments, it is the companies expectation that they will exercise extreme caution, use good common sense, avoid short cuts, and attempt to implement fall protection systems if exposed beyond a reasonable period of time or in close proximity to significant fall exposures.

• This policy is consistent with OSHA regulation 1926.500(a)(1). Some reasoning provided

by OSHA for this exemption include:

o The company must be able to access the roof initially to assess the work detail, hazards, and determine fall protection methods.

o Upon completion, fall protection must be removed and inspections may still need to take place.

o Employees performing these tasks in most cases can do so without getting in close proximity to the fall hazard, and are more focused on the fall hazards than those distracted by or performing construction activities.

FALL PROTECTION SYSTEMS Guardrails:

• Guardrail systems must meet the following criteria: o Top-rails and mid-rails of guardrail systems must be at least one-quarter inch

nominal diameter or thickness to prevent cuts and lacerations.

o If wire rope is used for top-rails, it must be flagged at not more 6 feet intervals with a high-visibility material.

o Steel and plastic banding will not be used as top-rails or mid-rails. Manila, plastic, or

synthetic rope used for top-rails or mid-rails must be inspected as frequently as necessary to ensure strength and stability.

o The top edge height of top-rails or

(equivalent) guardrails must be 42 inches plus or minus 3 inches, above the walking/working level.

o Screens, mid-rails, mesh, intermediate vertical members, or equivalent intermediate structural members must be installed between the top edge of the guardrail system and the walking/working surface when there are no walls or parapet walls at least 21 inches high. When mid-rails are used, they must be installed at a height midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the walking/working level.

o When screens and mesh are used, they must extend from the top rail to the

walking/working level and along the entire opening between top rail supports.

o Intermediate members, such as balusters, when used between posts, shall not be more than 19 inches apart.

o Other structural members, such as additional mid-rails and architectural panels, shall

be installed so that there are no openings in the guardrail system more than 19 inches.

Roofing project well protected by a guardrail system.

o The guardrail system must be capable of withstanding a force of at least 200 pounds applied within 2 inches of the top edge in any outward or downward direction. When the 200 pound test is applied in a downward direction, the top edge of the guardrail must not deflect to a height less than 39 inches above the walking/working level.

o Mid-rails, screens, mesh, intermediate

vertical members, solid panels, and equivalent structural members shall be capable of withstanding a force of at least 150 pounds applied in any downward or outward direction at any point along the mid-rail or other member.

o Guardrail systems shall be surfaced to protect workers from punctures or lacerations

and to prevent clothing from snagging.

o The ends of top rails and mid-rails must not overhang terminal posts, except where such overhang does not constitute a projection hazard.

o When guardrail systems are used at hoisting areas, a chain, gate or removable

guardrail section must be placed across the access opening between guardrail sections when hoisting operations are not taking place.

o At holes, guardrail systems must be set up on all unprotected sides or edges. When holes are used for the passage of materials, the hole shall have not more than two sides with removable guardrail sections. When the hole is not in use, it must be covered or provided with guardrails along all unprotected sides or edges.

o If guardrail systems are used around holes that are used as access points (such as

ladder ways), gates must be used or the point of access must be offset to prevent accidental walking into the hole.

o If guardrails are used at unprotected sides or edges of ramps and runways, they

must be erected on each unprotected side or edge.

Safety Nets:

• Safety nets must meet the following criteria: o Safety nets shall be installed as close to the underneath side of the walking/working

surface as possible.

o A safety net shall never be installed more than 30 feet below the walking/working surface.

o The following installation requirements shall be adhered to at all times when

installing a safety net system.

Distance below walking/working surface

Horizontal distance of outer edge of net

5 feet 8 feet 5-10 feet 10 feet 10 + feet 13 feet

o Safety net systems shall only be erected by a qualified person. o A drop test must be performed once the safety net system is installed prior to use to

ensure it was properly installed and can handle twice the intended load.

o Safety nets shall be inspected at least once a week or after any occurrence which

could affect the integrity of the system. The inspection will look for wear, damage, and other deterioration. Defective components shall be removed from service immediately.

o Materials which fall into the net shall be removed as soon as possible and at least

prior to the next work shift.

Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS):

• The use of body belts for fall arrest is prohibited and a full body harness is required.

• Personal fall arrest systems must be inspected prior to each use for wear damage, and other deterioration. Defective components must be removed from service.

• Personal fall arrest systems consist of a full body harness and a shock-absorbing lanyard attached to suitable anchorage. They are also an effective means of preventing fall accidents. The system does not actually stop you from falling, but catches you and safely stops you from hitting the level below. Fall arrest systems will be our preferred means of protection when standard guardrails, safety cables, or covers are not practical. The following rules, in addition to the manufacturer’s requirements and OSHA regulations, will be observed:

o Ropes and straps (webbing) used in lanyards, lifelines, and strength components of body harnesses shall be made from synthetic fibers except when they are used in conjunction with hot work where the lanyard may be exposed to damage from heat or flame.

o Anchorages used for attachment of personal fall arrest equipment shall be independent of any anchorage being used to support or suspend platforms and capable of supporting at least 5,000 pounds per employee attached, or shall be designed, installed, and used as part of a complete personal fall arrest system which maintains a safety factor of at least two; and under the supervision of a qualified person.

o The attachment point of the body belt shall be located in the center of the wearer's back. The attachment point of the body harness shall be located in the center of the wearer's back near shoulder level, or above the wearer's head.

o Where practical, the anchor end of the lanyard shall be secured at a level not lower than the employee's waist, limiting the fall distance to a maximum of 4 feet.

o Harnesses, lanyards, and other components shall be used only for employee

protection as part of a personal fall arrest system and not to hoist materials.

o Personal fall arrest systems and components subjected to impact loading shall be immediately removed from service and shall not be used again for employee protection until inspected and determined by a competent person to be undamaged and suitable for reuse.

o The company shall provide for prompt rescue of employees in the event of a fall or shall assure that employees are able to rescue themselves.

o Personal fall arrest systems shall be inspected prior to each use for wear, damage and other deterioration, and defective components shall be removed from service.

o Any lanyard, safety harness, or drop line subjected to in-service loading, as distinguished from static load testing, shall be immediately removed from service and shall not be used again for employee safeguarding.

o Personal fall arrest systems shall not be attached to guardrails, unless the guardrail is capable of safely supporting the load.

o Each personal fall arrest system shall be inspected not less than twice annually by a competent person in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. The date of each inspection shall be documented.

o Personal fall arrest systems will be rigged such that an employee can neither free fall more than 4 feet, nor contact any lower level.

o Personal fall arrest systems will bring an employee to a complete stop. They will also limit maximum deceleration distance an employee travels to 3.5 feet and have sufficient strength to withstand twice the potential impact energy of an employee free falling a distance of 6 feet, or the free fall distance permitted by the system, whichever is less.

Personal Fall Restraint System:

• Fall restraint systems are designed to prevent the wearer from reaching the edge or danger area and thus prevent them from falling. Body harnesses may be used for personal fall restraint. To sufficiently tie off in a fall restraint capacity the following requirements must be adhered to:

o Anchorage points used for fall restraint shall be capable of supporting 1,000 lbs of force.

o Restraint protection shall be rigged to allow the movement of employees only as far as the sides of the working level or working area and shall not permit an employee to reach the fall exposure to the point where they can actually fall.

Calculating Fall Distances:

• (Insert Company Name) requires all employees who will utilize a PFAS in a fall arrest capacity to perform a fall distance calculation prior to performing any work to ensure their system is installed in such a manner as to prevent striking any lower level.

• The following factors should be taken into consideration when performing your fall distance calculations:

o Location of your anchor point – above your head or at your feet? o Free Fall Distance – 6 feet o Length of your lanyard or connecting device – 6 feet, 3 feet (Retractable lanyards

have a 2 foot stopping distance built in). o Length of your shock absorber – generally 3 ½ feet o Distance from your D-ring (located between your shoulder blades) to your feet. o Are you using a vertical lifeline – 2 foot elongation built into the lifeline. o D-ring stretch – the D-ring of your harness will stretch approximately 2 feet.

Taking all these factors into consideration our total fall distance can be as far as 17.5+ feet.

The following picture demonstrate a fall distance calculation, keep in mind as roofers we generally do not have an anchor point located above our heads so to keep ourselves from being exposed to

more than a 6 foot free fall than we need to pay close attention to your rope grabs position.

Warning Line & Safety Monitor Systems:

• Warning lines are only an acceptable means of fall protection on low-sloped roofing system (4:12 pitch or less) and must adhere to the following requirements when being erected as utilized as a means of fall protection.

o Warning lines must be erected at least six feet from the roof edge when there is no mechanical equipment in use. If mechanical equipment is in use, such as a roof cutter, then the warning lines must be at least ten feet from the roof edge.

o Warning lines must be kept between 34-39 inches off from the roofs surface at all

times.

o The warning line system must completely enclose the work area.

o The material used as the warning line must have at least a 500 pound tensile strength and be flagged every six feet.

o The stanchions used to support the warning lines must be capable of resisting

without tipping over a force of at least 16 pounds.

o No employees are permitted in the area between the warning lines and the roof edge, unless they are performing roofing work in that area.

o No equipment or materials are to be stored outside of the warning line system.

o When work is required to be performed outside of the warning line system the

employees performing the work must be either tied off at all times to a Personal Fall Arrest System or be monitored be a Competent Person . For a safety monitor to be deemed Competent, they must have been

properly trained in how to recognize the hazards one would face while performing work in close proximity to the roof edge, such as slip, trip and fall hazards, and have the authority to correct these hazards immediately.

o The safety monitor shall warn the employees working outside of the warning lines

system when it appears they are unaware of a fall hazard or are acting in an unsafe manner.

o The safety monitor must be positioned on the same walking/working surface as

the employees he/she is monitoring.

o The safety monitor must maintain visual contact with all employees he/she is monitoring at all times.

o The safety monitor must be able to clearly communicate with all employees

he/she is monitoring at all times.

o The safety monitor shall have no other responsibilities other than monitoring the employees performing work outside of the warning lines.

Holes & Skylight Guards:

• All holes with dimensions of 2 inches by 2 inches or greater shall be covered, secured and marked.

• Skylights shall be viewed as a hole and protected by either a skylight guard or cage, barricade by guardrails or all personnel on the roof must be properly tied off in a fall arrest capacity at all times.

• The use of warning lines and a safety monitor as a means of fall protection while working

around a skylight is not permitted. However warning lines can be used to barricade an unprotected skylight or hole outside of the work area so long as the warning lines can be erected at a minimum of a 15 foot perimeter surrounding the skylight or hole. If any work is required to be performed inside of the established 15 foot perimeter than those employee shall be required to be tied off at all timed while performing the tasks.

• Hole covers must support twice the intended load, combined weight of the employee,

tools and materials.

• The hole cover must be secured from displacement and marked with either the word “HOLE” or “COVER”

Rescue Planning:

• The site specific safety plan shall include the means and methods to provide a prompt rescue (within 15 minutes) of any employee who may be exposed to fall hazard through or off an unprotected edge, hole and/or wall opening. To the extent feasible, guardrail systems and/or personal restraint systems shall be utilized.

• 911 shall be considered the last resort, and shall only be listed on the Rescue Plan after all available options have been reviewed and a call has been placed to the local emergency response team to verify trained personnel and necessary equipment are readily available.

Fall Protection Falls from heights frequently result in serious injury or death. Protect yourself:

• Identify work situations where falls are likely. Report unsafe conditions to your supervisor.

• Follow safe work practices—do not take risks.

• Use equipment (ladders, scaffolding, aerial lifts, etc.) properly.

• Use the appropriate personal fall-arrest, fall-restraint, or positioning-device systems where required.

• Inspect and maintain personal fall-arrest, fall-restraint, or positioning-device systems before and after each use.

• Participate in training.

Introduction:

Ladders are an often used, and unfortunately, and oft abused tool of the roofing trade. Adherence with this company policy is mandatory AT ALL TIMES!

General Requirements:

• All ladders and step ladders shall be used in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications and the following requirements. This includes the selection, inspection, set-up and use of all extension and step ladders.

• Whenever there is a change in elevation of 19 inches or more, a safe means of access shall be provided into the work area. This can be accomplished by a ramp, stairway, ladder, hoist, etc.

• At least one point of access shall be continuously maintained when the project has fewer than 25 employees on the working level. When employees on the working level is 25 or greater, a second ladder or egress route shall be provided and maintained.

• The maximum intended load shall never be exceeded. Only heavy or extra heavy duty ladders are permitted. Intended loads are as follows:

o Type I: 250 pounds o Type IA: 300 pounds o Type I AA: 375 pounds

• All ladders shall be inspected by a competent person on a regular basis. Inspections

should include feet, rungs, rails, and all hardware. Any ladders found defective must be immediately tagged “Do Not Use” and removed from service.

S3 – Ladder & Stairway Safety Policy

Portable Straight & Extension Ladders:

• Do not carry heavy objects up the ladder. Use mechanical equipment to assist with the lift.

• Extension ladders shall be placed on a firm base, and at a ratio of 4 to 1 (vertical to horizontal).

• Safety feet must be set up in

accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and used for their intended purpose.

• Ladder shall be secured at the top to

prevent sliding or shifting. When feasible, or if the ground conditions are suspect, the base of the ladder must also be secured.

• Extension ladders used for access to

a higher level shall extend a minimum of 36 inches above the landing or provide a grab-rail.

• All ladders shall be rated for Heavy or

Extra Heavy use depending on the anticipated load capacity for the task.

• All ladders shall be inspected daily, prior to use, for loose or broken rungs, split side rails

and missing safety feet.

• Faulty ladders shall be immediately removed from service and returned to the shop.

• Damaged ladders shall only be placed back into service if the repair meets or exceeds the original Manufacturer’s specification.

• Ladders must not be used within 10 feet of electrical lines.

• Ladders shall be taken down and secured at the end of each day to prevent unauthorized use.

• Extension ladders shall not be separated and used independently.

Good ladder extension over landing. Ladder tied down securely to prevent movement.

• Three points of contact shall be required at all time when ascending and descending the ladder.

• Safety feet (rubber grips) shall be provided on each ladder placed on a slippery surfaces,

or surfaces that have the potential to become slippery.

• To prevent trip/falls when exiting the ladder, the area around the top and bottom of ladders shall be kept clear

• Ladder rungs must be uniformly spaced or meet OSHA specifications.

Step Ladders:

In addition to the above mentioned requirements

• Stepladders shall not be used in place of an extension ladder. Step ladders must be set-up in an A frame format where all four legs make firm contact with the ground.

• The top of the stepladder and the top rung down shall never be stood on. If the ladder is not tall enough a larger ladder or other means must be obtained.

• Spacer bars on stepladders shall be in the locked position.

• Step ladders cannot exceed 20 feet in height.

Stairways:

• Stairways are often used as a means of access to the roof and while we may not be performing work in the stairwell there are requirements that must be met for it to be used as a means of access.

o The stairwell must be sufficiently lit.

o Stairs shall not have any slippery conditions or accumulated debris/material to present a slip/trip/fall hazard.

o Any pan must be filled in and provide a firm level surface upon which to step.

o Each riser shall be consistent, having the same height and tread depth.

o Stairways have four or more risers or exceeding 30” in height must be equipped with a handrail and/or stair-rail.

Handrails and stair-rails must be capable of withstanding 200lbs of force in

outward and downward direction. Handrails shall be installed between 30 and 37 inches in height above the

stair surface. If a stair-rail is to also serve as a handrail, it shall be installed at a height of

36-37 inches from the stair surface.

o All handrails and stair-rails shall be surfaced so as to prevent injuries from laceration, or puncture would as well as prevent the snagging of clothing.

FactSheetReducing Falls in Construction: Safe Use of Job-made Wooden LaddersWorkers who use job-made wooden ladders risk permanent injury or death from falls and electrocutions. These hazards can be eliminated or substantially reduced by following good safety practices. This fact sheet lists some of the hazards workers may encounter while working on job-made wooden ladders and explains what employers and workers can do to reduce injuries. OSHA’s requirements for job-made ladders are in Subpart X—Stairways and Ladders of OSHA’s Construction standards.

What is a Job-made Wooden Ladder?A job-made wooden ladder is a ladder constructed at the construction site. It is not commercially-manufactured. A job-made wooden ladder provides access to and from a work area. It is not intended to serve as a work platform. These ladders are temporary, and are used only until a particular phase of work is completed or until permanent stairways or fixed ladders are installed. A 24-ft. job-made ladder built to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) A14.4-2009 non-mandatory guidelines is shown below.

Figure 1: Single-Cleat Ladder

Training RequirementsEmployers must provide a training program for employees using ladders and stairways. The training must enable each worker to recognize ladder-related hazards and to use ladders properly to minimize hazards.

Constructing a Safe Job-made Wooden Ladder

Side rails:• Use construction-grade lumber for all

components.• Side rails of single-cleat ladders up to 24 ft.

(7.3 m) long should be made with at least 2 in. (3.8 cm) x 6 in. (14 cm) nominal stock lumber.

• Side rails should be continuous, unless splices are the same strength as a continuous rail of equal length.

• The width of single-rung ladders should be at least 16 in. (41 cm), but not more than 20 in. (51 cm) between rails measured inside to inside.

• Rails should extend above the top landing between 36 in. (91.5 cm) and 42 in. (1.1 m) to provide a handhold for mounting and dismounting, and cleats must be eliminated above the landing level.

• Side rails of ladders which could contact energized electrical equipment should be made using nonconductive material. Keep ladders free of any slippery materials.

• Only put ladders on a stable and level surface that is not slippery.

Cleats:• Cleats should be equally spaced 12 inches on

center from the top of one cleat to the top of the next cleat.

• Cleats should be fastened to each rail with three 12d common wire nails which are nailed directly onto the smaller surfaces of the side rails.

• Making cuts in the side rails to receive the cleats is not advisable.

• Cleats should be at least 1 in. (2.5 cm) x 4 in. (8.9 cm) for ladders 16 ft. (41 cm) to 24 ft. (7.3 m) in length.

Filler Blocks:• Filler should be 2 in. (3.8 cm) x 2 in. (3.8 cm)

wood strips.• Insert filler between cleats.• Nail filler at the bottom of each side rail first.

Nail the ends of a cleat to each side rail with three 12d common nails. One nail is placed 1-1/2 inch in from each end of the filler block.

• Nail the next two fillers and cleat, and then repeat. The ladder is complete when filler is nailed at the top of each rail.

• Make all side rails, rungs and fillers before the ladder is assembled.

Inspecting Ladders• A competent person must visually inspect job-

made ladders for defects on a periodic basis and after any occurrence that could affect their safe use.

• Defects to look for include: structural damage, broken/split side rails (front and back), missing cleats/steps, and parts/labels painted over.

• Ladders should be free of oil, grease and other slipping hazards.

Safe Ladder Use—DO:To prevent workers from being injured from falls from ladders, employers are encouraged to adopt the following practices:

• Secure the ladder’s base so that it does not move.• Smooth the wood surface of the ladder to

reduce injuries to workers from punctures or lacerations and to prevent snagging of clothing.

• Use job-made wooden ladders with spliced side rails at an angle so that the horizontal distance from the top support to the foot of the ladder is one-eighth the working length of the ladder.

• Ensure that job-made wooden ladders can support at least four times the maximum intended load.

• Only use ladders for the purpose for which they were designed.

• Only put ladders on stable and level surfaces unless secured to prevent accidental movement.

• Ensure that the worker faces the ladder when climbing up and down.

• Maintain a 3-point contact (two hands and a foot, or two feet and a hand) when climbing a ladder.

• Keep ladders free of any slippery materials.• Maintain good housekeeping in the areas

around the top and bottom of ladders.

Safe Ladder Use—DO NOT:• Paint a ladder with nontransparent coatings.• Carry any object or load that could cause the

worker to lose balance and fall.• Subject a job-made wooden ladder to excessive

loads or impact tests.

OSHA standard: 29 CFR 1926 Subpart X—Stairways and Ladders American National Standards Institute standard: ANSI A14.4-1979, ANSI A14.4-2009 Employers constructing job-made ladders must follow the ladder requirements set forth in 29 C.F.R. 1926 Subpart X. They are encouraged to consult the non-mandatory guidelines set forth in ANSI A.14.4-1979—Safety Requirements for Job-Made Ladders (referenced in Appendix A to Subpart X of Part 1926—Ladders) and ANSI A.14.4-2009—Safety Requirements for Job-Made Wooden Ladders.State plan guidance: States with OSHA-approved state plans may have additional requirements for avoiding falls from ladders. For more information on these requirements, please visit: www.osha.gov/dcsp/osp/statesstandards.html.Most OSHA offices have compliance assistance specialists to help employers and workers comply with OSHA standards. For details call 1-800-321-OSHA (6742) or visit: www.osha.gov/htm/RAmap.html.

DOC FS-3661 05/2013

This is one in a series of informational fact sheets highlighting OSHA programs, policies or standards. It does not impose any new compliance requirements. For a comprehensive list of compliance requirements of OSHA standards or regulations, refer to Title 29 of the Code of Federal Regulations. This information will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. The voice phone is (202) 693-1999; teletypewriter (TTY) number: (877) 889-5627.

PLAN. PROVIDE.

TRAIN.Three simple steps

to prevent falls.

Introduction:

While many roofers may never be exposed to trenching & excavation hazards, some performing below-grade waterproofing operations may be. Others may be exposed to trenching and excavation hazards just by accessing the worksite on multi-employer locations. While cave-ins are the most immediate concern when discussing excavations, there are many other hazards which employees must be aware of.

Objectives:

The objectives of this policy are to establish a written program outlining general guidelines governing excavations and trenches.

This written program will address the following:

1. Responsibilities 2. General Requirements 3. Inspections 4. Training 5. Policies & Procedures APPENDIX A: Soil Classification APPENDIX B: Protective Support Systems APPENDIX C: Inspection Checklist

S4 – Trenching & Excavation

Responsibilities:

• Upper and Middle Management including Safety Director, Project Managers, and Superintendents have the responsibility to:

o Implement this excavation policy by: Directing all supervisors to assess the hazards of each excavation and to identify

the employees this may affect.

Providing all employees with information, training, and the equipment they need to protect themselves and others from excavation hazards.

Ensuring that all necessary equipment is available to comply with this policy.

o Enforce compliance with this policy. All appropriate employees, presently employed and all new employees, must be trained and responsible for the purpose and the use of this excavation safety policy.

• Competent Person / Foreman Responsibilities

o In most work situations, the Site Supervisor will be the competent person for excavation and trenching operations.

o The OSHA Standards require that the competent person must be capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings, or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and have authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them and, if necessary, to stop the work.

o A competent person is required to:

Have a complete understanding of the applicable safety standards and any

other data provided.

Identify the proper locations of underground installations or utilities, and ensure that the proper utility companies have been contacted.

Conduct and document soil classification tests and reclassify soil after any

condition changes.

Determine adequate protective systems (sloping, shoring, or shielding systems) for employee protection.

Conduct and document all air monitoring for potential hazardous atmospheres.

Conduct and document daily and periodic inspections of excavations and trenches.

Approve design of structural ramps, if used.

• Employees have the responsibility to:

o Understand their assigned tasks relating to excavation safety.

o Apply the proper training and equipment to safely work in excavations and trenches.

o Assist with the assessment and the identification of excavation hazards.

o Comply with the directives of this policy

General Requirements:

• All excavations shall be made in accordance with the rules, regulations, requirements, and guidelines set forth in 29 CFR 1926.650, .651, and .652; the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's standard on Excavations, except where otherwise noted below.

• A competent person shall be placed in charge of all (Insert Company Name) operations taking place within excavations.

Inspections:

• The competent person shall conduct inspections:

o Daily and before the start of each shift by using the DAILY EXCAVATION CHECKLIST found at the end of this chapte.

o As dictated by the work being done in the trench. o After every rain storm. o After other events that could increase hazards, such as snowstorm, windstorm,

thaw, earthquake, dramatic change in weather, etc. o When fissures, tension cracks, sloughing, undercutting, water seepage, bulging at

the bottom, or other similar conditions occur. o When there is a change in the size, location, or placement of the spoil pile. o When there is any indication of change or movement in adjacent structures.

(For excavations 4 feet or greater in depth, a trench inspection form shall be filled out for each inspection.)

Training:

• When the company is not initiating the excavation or trenching operation, basic awareness training shall be provided by communicating all elements of this program to employees at the work location.

• The competent person(s) must be trained in accordance with the OSHA Excavation Standard, and all other programs that may apply (examples Hazard Communication, Confined Space, and Respiratory Protection), and must demonstrate a thorough understanding and knowledge of the programs and the hazards associated.

• All other employees working in and around the excavation must be trained in the recognition of hazards associated with trenching and excavating.

Policies & Procedures:

• Cave-In Protection: Cave-ins are the most common excavation hazard. They occur when a mass of soil or rock material separates from the side of an excavation or when soil is lost from under a trench shield or support system. The mass of soil or rock material then moves suddenly into the excavation either by falling or sliding. Cave-ins can entrap, bury, or otherwise injure and immobilize a worker. Protective Support Systems such as sloping, benching, shielding, and shoring should be used to protect workers from cave-ins

o All OSHA regulations pertaining to protective systems must be implemented when depth of trench is 5’ or greater, OR, when the competent person deems that potential of cave-in at a depth lower than 5’ is possible.

o Protective systems must be compliant with Appendix B of this section.

• Spoil Piles:

o Temporary spoil shall be placed no closer than 2 feet from the surface edge of the excavation, measured from the nearest base of the spoil to the cut. This distance requirement helps prevent loose rock or soil from the temporary spoil will not fall on employees in the trench.

o Spoil should be placed so that it channels rainwater and other run-off water away from the excavation. Spoil should be placed so that it cannot accidentally run, slide, or fall back into the excavation.

• Fall Hazards & Falling Objects

o Surface crossing of trenches should not be made unless absolutely necessary. However, if necessary, they are only permitted under the following conditions:

• Walkways or bridges must: have a minimum width of 20 inches. When two planks are butted together they shall be cleated.

• Walkways or bridges must be fitted with standard rails if fall exposure is greater than 6’, and extend a minimum of 24 inches past the surface edge of the trench.

o Employees are not permitted to work in trenches in which other employees are working above on the face of sloped or benched excavations unless other precautions are met.

• Access and Egress

o Trenches 4 feet or more in depth shall be provided with a fixed means of egress.

o Ladders must be secured and extend a minimum of 36 inches above the landing.

o Spacing between ladders or other means of egress must be such that a worker will not have to travel more than 25 feet laterally to the nearest means of egress.

• Surface Encumbrance

o A surface encumbrance includes any structure, sidewalk, telephone poles, hydrants, fencing, etc. that could be undermined and/or fall as a result of the excavation.

o All surface encumbrances shall be removed or supported as necessary to protect employees.

o Excavations under the base or footing of foundations is not permitted unless an adequate support system has been evaluated and installed or after review by a Registered Professional Engineer and compliance with their recommendations are implemented.

• Exposure to Vehicles

o Employees exposed to vehicular traffic shall be provided with and required to wear reflective vests or other suitable garments marked with or made of reflectorized or high-visibility materials.

o Warning Systems for Mobile Equipment

The following steps should be taken to prevent vehicles from accidentally falling into the trench:

• Barricade tape must be installed where necessary to make the trench/excavation easily visible to vehicles.

• Trenches left open overnight shall be fenced and/or barricaded.

• Exposure to Falling Loads

o All employees on an excavation site must wear hard hats.

o Employees are not allowed to work under raised loads.

o Employees are not allowed to work under loads being lifted or moved by heavy equipment used for digging or lifting.

• Underground Installations

o Prior to starting any excavation work, all underground utilities will be marked as clearly as possible in order to identify potentially dangerous situations. The supervisor or competent person will contact the local "call before you dig" number so that the various public utilities will have the opportunity to locate and mark their lines.

• Hazardous Atmospheres and Confined Spaces

o Any excavation deeper than four feet or where an oxygen deficiency or a hazardous atmosphere exists or could exist needs to be checked by a competent person. If hazardous conditions exist, respirators must be worn or ventilation must be provided and the atmosphere needs to be monitored.

o Employees shall not be permitted to work in hazardous and/or toxic atmospheres.

o Such atmospheres include those with: • less than 19.5% oxygen, • a combustible gas concentration greater than 20% of the lower

flammable limit, and, concentrations of hazardous substance that exceed those specified by OSHA.

• All operations involving such atmospheres must be conducted in accordance with OSHA requirements for occupational health and environmental controls for personal protective equipment and for lifesaving equipment. Engineering controls (such as ventilation) and respiratory equipment may be required.

o Testing for Atmospheric Contaminants • If there is any possibility that the trench or excavation could

contain a hazardous atmosphere, atmospheric testing must be conducted prior to entry. Conditions that might warrant atmospheric testing would be if the excavation was made in a landfill area or if the excavation was crossed by, was adjacent to, or contained pipelines containing a hazardous material (for example, natural gas lines).

• Testing should be conducted before employees enter the trench and should be done regularly to ensure that the trench remains safe. The frequency of testing should be increased if equipment or operations within the trench may create a hazardous atmosphere. This includes the use of chemicals and waterproofing material which may create atmospheric hazards without proper ventilation.

• Testing frequency should also be increased if welding, cutting, or burning is done in the trench.

• Employees required to wear respiratory protection must be trained, fit-tested, and enrolled in a respiratory protection program.

• Some trenches qualify as confined spaces (trenches deeper than 4’). When this occurs, compliance with (Insert Company Name) Confined Space Program is also required.

• Standing Water and Water Accumulation

o (Insert Company Name) employees are not permitted to work in trenches with standing and accumulating water.

o Methods for controlling standing water and water accumulation must be provided.

o Employees shall be removed from the trench during rainstorms.

o Trenches shall be carefully inspected by a competent person after each rain and before employees are permitted to re-enter the trench.

Appendix A: Soil Classification:

• The OSHA Standards define soil classifications within the Simplified Soil Classification Systems, which consist of four categories: Stable Rock, Type A, Type B, and Type C. Stability is greatest in Stable Rock and decreases through Type A and B to Type C, of which Type C is the least stable. Appendix A of the Standard provides soil mechanics terms and types of field tests used to determine soil classifications.

• Stable Rock is defined as:

o Natural solid mineral matter that can be excavated with vertical sides and remain intact while exposed.

• Type A soil is defined as:

o Cohesive soils with an unconfined compressive strength of 1.5 tons per square

foot (TSF) or greater. o Cemented soils like caliches and hardpan are considered Type A o Soil is NOT Type A if:

1) It is fissured. 2) The soil is subject to vibration from heavy traffic, pile driving or similar

effects. 3) The soil has been previously disturbed. 4) The material is subject to other factors that would require it to be

classified as a less stable material. 5) The exclusions for Type A most generally eliminate it from most

construction situations.

• Type B soil is defined as:

o Cohesive soil with an unconfined compressive strength greater than .5 TSF, but less than 1.5 TSF.

o Granular cohesion less soil including angular gravel, silt, silt loam, and sandy loam.

o The soil has been previously disturbed except that soil classified as Type C soil. o Soil that meets the unconfined compressive strength requirements of Type A

soil, but is fissured or subject to vibration. o Dry rock that is unstable.

• Type C soil is defined as:

o Cohesive soil with an unconfined compressive strength of .5 TSF or less. o Granular soils including gravel, sand and loamy sand. o Submerged soil or soil from which water is freely seeping. o Submerged rock that is not stable.

• Soil Test & Identification

• The competent person will classify the soil type in accordance with the

definitions in Appendix A of the Standard on the basis of at least 1 visual and 1 manual analysis. These tests should be run on freshly excavated samples from the excavation and are designed to determine stability based on a number of criteria: the cohesiveness, the presence of fissures, the presence and amount of water, the unconfined compressive strength, and the duration of exposure, undermining, and the presence of layering, prior excavation and vibration.

• The cohesion tests are based on methods to determine the presence of clay. Clay, silt, and sand are size classifications, with clay being the smallest sized particles, silt intermediate and sand the largest. Clay minerals exhibit good cohesion and plasticity (can be molded). Sand exhibits no elasticity and virtually no cohesion unless surface wetting is present. The degree of cohesiveness and plasticity depend on the amounts of all three types and water.

• When examining the soil, 3 questions must be asked: Is the sample granular or cohesive? Fissured or non-fissured? What is the unconfined compressive strength measured in TSF?

• Methods of testing soils:

• Visual test: If the excavated soil is in clumps, it is cohesive. If it breaks up easily,

not staying in clumps, it is granular.

• Wet manual test: Wet your fingers and work the soil between them. Clay is a slick paste when wet, meaning it is cohesive. If the clump falls apart in grains, it is granular.

• Dry strength test: Try to crumble the sample in your hands with your fingers. If it crumbles into grains, it is granular. Clay will not crumble into grains, only into smaller chunks.

• Pocket pentrometer test: This instrument is most accurate when soil is nearly saturated. This instrument will give unconfined compressive strength in tons per square foot. The spring-operated device uses a piston that is pushed into a coil up to a calibration groove. An indicator sleeve marks and retains the reading until it is read. The reading is calibrated in tons per square foot (TSF) or kilograms per cubic centimeter.

• Thumb penetration test: The competent person attempts to penetrate a fresh sample with thumb pressure. If the sample can be dented, but penetrated only with great effort, it is Type A. If it can be penetrated several inches and molded by light pressure, it is Type C. Type B can be penetrated with effort and molded.

• Shear vane: Measures the approximate shear strength of saturated cohesive soils. The blades of the vane are pressed into a flat section of undisturbed soil, and the knob is turned slowly until soil failure. The dial is read directly when using the standard vane. The results will be in tons per square foot or kilograms per cubic centimeter.

• The competent person will perform several tests along the depth and length of the excavation to obtain consistent, supporting data. The soil is subject to change several times within the scope of an excavation and the moisture content will vary with weather and job conditions. The competent person must also determine the level of protection based on what conditions exist at the time of the test, and allow for changing conditions.

Appendix B: Protective Support Systems:

• The Trench Protective system for trenches 20 or more feet in depth must be designed and approved by a Registered Professional Engineer.

• Protective support systems are required to protect (Insert Company Name) employees from cave-ins while working in any excavation unless:

o The excavation is made entirely in stable rock, or o The excavation is less than 5 feet deep and a competent person has examined the

ground and found no indication of a potential cave-in. When soil conditions are unstable, excavations less than 5 feet deep must also be protected from cave-ins.

• Protective systems shall have the capacity to resist without failure all loads that are intended or could reasonably be expected to be applied or transmitted to the system.

Sloping and Benching Systems

• There are 4 options for sloping: 1. Slope to the angle required by the Standard for Type C soil, which is the most unstable

soil type. 2. The table provided below may be used to determine the maximum allowable angle

(after determining the soil type). 3. Tabulated data prepared by a registered professional engineer can be utilized. 4. A registered professional engineer can design a sloping plan for a specific job.

• Sloping and benching systems for excavations 5 to 20 feet in depth must be constructed under

the instruction of a designated competent person.

• Sloping and benching systems for excavations greater than 20 feet must be designed and stamped by a registered professional engineer.

• Sloping and benching specifications can be found in Appendix B of the Standard.

• Examples of slopes in type B & C soils:

Note: A 10-foot-deep trench in Type B soil would have to be sloped to a 45-degree angle, or sloped 10 feet back in both directions. Total distance across a 10-foot-deep trench would be 20 feet, plus the width of the bottom of the trench itself. In Type C soil, the trench would be sloped at a 34-degree angle, or 15 feet back in both directions for at least 30 feet across, plus the width of the bottom of the trench itself. All simple slope excavations 20 feet or less in depth shall have a maximum allowable slope of 1 1/2:1.

Shoring Systems:

• Shoring is another protective system or support system. Shoring utilizes a framework of vertical members (uprights), horizontal members (whales), and cross braces to support the sides of the excavation to prevent a cave-in. Metal hydraulic, mechanical or timber shorings are common examples.

• Different examples of shoring are found in the OSHA Standard under these appendices: Appendix C - Timber Shoring for Trenches Appendix D - Aluminum Hydraulic Shoring for Trenches Appendix E - Alternatives to Timber Shoring

Shield Systems (Trench Boxes)

• Shielding is the third method of providing a safe workplace. Unlike sloping and shoring, shielding does not prevent a cave-in. Shields are designed to withstand the soil forces caused by a cave-in and protect the employees inside the structure. Most shields consist of 2 flat, parallel metal walls that are held apart by metal cross braces.

• Shielding design and construction is not covered in the OSHA Standards. Shields must be certified in design by a registered professional engineer and must have either have a registration plate on the shield or registration papers from the manufacturer on file at the jobsite office.

• Any repairs or modifications MUST be approved by the manufacturer.

• Safety Precautions For Shield Systems

o Shields must not have any lateral movement when installed. o Employees will be protected from cave-ins when entering and exiting the shield

(examples - ladder within the shield or a properly sloped ramp at the end). o Employees are not allowed in the shield during installation, removal, or during any

vertical movement. o Shields can be 2 ft. above the bottom of an excavation if they are designed to resist

loads at the full depth and if there are no indications of caving under or behind the shield.

o The shield must extend at least 18 inches above the point where proper sloping begins (the height of the shield must be greater than the depth of the excavation).

o The open end of the shield must be protected from the exposed excavation wall. o The wall must be sloped, shored, or shielded. Engineer designed end plates can be

mounted on the ends of the shield to prevent cave-ins

APPENDIX C

TRENCH SAFETY DAILY FIELD REPORT DATE:_____________________ Project name: ______________________________________________________ Competent person: _________________________________________________ Project Supt.: ______________________________________________________ Location:__________________________________________________________ Weather Condition: _________________________________________________ I hereby attest that the following conditions existed and that the following items were checked or reviewed during this inspection: (circle appropriate response) 1. Open trench was inspected. Y N 2. All excavated material located proper distance from toe of slopes Y N 3. Were any tension cracks observed along top of any slopes? Y N 4. Were slopes cut at design angle of repose? Y N 5. Was any water seepage noted in trench walls or trench bottom? Y N 6. Was bracing system installed in accordance with design? Y N 7. Was there evidence of shrinkage cracks in trench walls? Y N 8. Was there any evidence of caving or sloughing of soil since the last field inspection? Y N 9. Trench box(s) tabulated data sheets are onsite? Y N 10. Type shoring being used: __________________________________ 11. Did shoring plan include adequate safety factor to allow for equipment actually being

used? Y N 12. Traffic in area adequately away from trenching operations with barricades? Y N 13. Trees, boulders or other hazards in area. Y N 14. Vibrations from equipment or traffic too close to trenching operation? Y N ___________________________________________ ________________ Competent Person Signature Date

Introduction:

• Handling sheet metal can present a number of concerns from lacerations to electrical hazards. (Insert Company Name) will ensure all employees who will be required to perform and handle sheet metal are properly trained on the proper procedures pertaining to material handling of sheet metal, mechanical power presses and welding and cutting operations. In addition specific training shall be provided to employees who will need to perform lockout/tagout procedures.

Contents:

• Material Handling Procedures o Lacerations o Back-Injury Prevention

• Mechanical Power Presses o Table O-10 o Point of Operation Guards

• Welding & Cutting o Compressed Gas Cylinders

Use Transportation Storage

• Fire Prevention Procedures

S5 – Sheet Metal Safety

Material Handling Procedures:

• Employees who handle sheet metal are primarily exposed to laceration hazards since the edges and corners of the sheet metal can be exceptionally sharp. Therefore shall be required to comply with (Insert Company Name) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Policy, specifically pertaining to hand protection and the use of cut resistant gloves. Additionally sheet metal and metal in general is a great conductor for electricity and heat and can potentially become extremely hot when stored in direct sunlight or exposed to other heat sources. The winter months can present conditions as well which can affect an employee’s ability to handle sheet metal as well. The cold climates can cause the sheet metal to become cold, wet or icy making them difficult to handle. For these reason cut resistant gloves shall be worn whenever handling sheet metal.

• Sheet Metal can come in a number of sizes, shapes and weights which can present lifting hazards. If these materials are not properly handled they can directly correlate to Back Injuries. All employees who may handle sheet metal shall be properly trained on the Safe Lifting Practices as outlined in section (00). Additionally employees shall be provided with mechanical lifting aids where feasible for the purpose of transporting or re-locating sheet metal to minimize the lifting of heavy or awkward shaped loads. It is strongly encouraged that team lifts be performed as well when handling heavy loads.

Mechanical Power Presses:

• Sheet metal can come in a variety of thicknesses and gauges which make it difficult for them to be cut, bent or formed. For these reasons mechanical power presses are an essential piece of equipment which is frequently used to allow employees to easily shape the sheet metal into the desired dimensions. However, these pieces of machinery can also present employees operating them to hazards which they must be trained on.

• No employee shall be permitted to operate any mechanical power press unless they have received specific training pertaining how to safely operate the machinery. This training shall encompass guidelines provided from the manufacturer on the machines capabilities and limitations as well as any safety features. Employees shall not be permitted to operate a mechanical power press outside of the manufacturer’s specifications nor shall they be allowed to remove or disable any safety features.

• The primary hazard associate with mechanical power presses are pinch points, for this reason Table O-10 on Safeguarding the Point of Operation as provided by the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) in 29 CFR 1910.217 shall be complied with at all times.

Table O-10

Distance of Opening From Point of Operation Hazard

Maximum Width of Opening

1/2” to 1 ½” ¼” 1 ½” to 2 ½” 3/8”

2 ½” to 3 ½” ½” 3 ½” to 5 ½” 5/8”

5 ½” to 6 ½” ¾” 6 ½” to 7 ½” 7/8”

7 ½” to 12 ½” 1 ¼” 12 ½” to 15 ½” 1 ½” 15 ½” to 17 ½” 1 7/8” 17 ½” to 31 ½” 2 1/8”

Point of Operation Guards:

• All MUST: o Conform with Table O-10 o Prevent the operators hand and fingers from accessing areas over, under,

around or through the guard o Designed and installed without pinch points o Easy to inspect o Point of Operation shall be fully visible

Welding & Cutting:

• There are instances where employee may be required to perform operations pertaining to the welding or cutting of sheet metal. Prior to any of these tasks being performed (Insert Company Name) shall ensure the employee(s) that will perform this process will have received sufficient training on the proper procedures for handling and operating this equipment in a safe manner.

• In most applications these operations will be performed with the use of acetylene, which mixes oxygen gas with a compressed gas fuel and produces an extremely hot flame, often exceeding 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit. For this reason it’s essential all employees performing these tasks know how to proper use, transport and store the compressed cylinders.

Use:

• Compressed gas cylinders must always be placed in an area away from any open flames, electrical sources or sparks. Additionally compressed gas cylinders should never be used in a confined space, unless the employee is utilizing a self-contained breathing apparatus.

Transportation:

• Compressed gas cylinders shall be kept upright at all times, unless being moved in the shop. Valve caps shall be placed on all compressed gas cylinders prior to being transported or moved at all times.

• If moving a compressed gas cylinder is the shop the cylinder shall be tipped on its bottom edge and carefully rolled to its desired location. When hoisting a compressed gas cylinder on the jobsite, the cylinders shall be placed in an approved cage. The cage shall be rigged in a manner which keeps the cylinder in an upright position during the duration of the pick.

Storage:

• Compressed gas cylinders shall be stored upright at all times and secured from being tipped over or striking another cylinder.

• Oxygen cylinders shall not be stored within 20 feet of a full gas cylinder, unless separated by a non-combustible barrier.

• Compressed gas cylinders shall be stored in a dry, well-ventilated area, away from all combustible materials and free from being damaged.

• Compressed gas cylinders shall never be stored near an entrance or exit way.

Fire Prevention Procedures:

The following requirements pertain specifically to the fire prevention procedures while using a compressed gas cylinder. For further requirements concerning to proper use, selection and inspection of fire prevention equipment refer to section (00).

• The use of compressed gas cylinders for welding and cutting can create a variety of fire hazards; for this reason anytime welding or cutting operations are performed the following requirements shall be adhered to.

o An ABC rated fire extinguisher shall be located within 50 feet of all welding or cutting operations.

o A class D fire extinguisher must be present whenever a combustible metal is being used and located within 50 feet of the work area.

o Employee shall asses the work area prior to performing any welding or cutting operations to ensure all possible flammable materials have been removed from the work area.

o Whenever the compressed gas cylinder is not in use the valve shall be closed, shutting off the gas supply.

Introduction:

• Kettles and tankers are two of the most useful, yet dangerous pieces of roofing equipment needed for the installations of hot asphalt tar built up roofing systems. They allow for the storage and transportation of the material to and from the jobsite; however due to the extreme temperatures in which the asphalt is maintained presents workers to serious burn hazards and flammable materials. For these reasons (Insert Company Name) shall ensure all employees who be responsible for working with any kettles or tankers will receive training in the proper operational techniques, set-up procedures, required PPE.

Contents:

• Kettles o Set-up

Pre-Inspection Lighting the Burner

o Loading the Kettle o Monitoring the Kettle o Required PPE

• Tankers o Set-up

Pre-Inspection Lighting the Burner

o Loading the Tanker o Monitoring the Tanker o Required PPE

• Mop Carts & Luggers • Hot Pipes • Transportation

o Licensing o Markings

S6 – Kettle & Tankers Safety

Kettles:

Set-up:

• Ensuring the kettle has been properly set-up and positioned is the primary concern prior to connecting any propane cylinders or loading any asphalt into the kettle. The flatter the surface the better, but loose sand, dirt, gravel and mud should be avoided. An unstable surface can cause the kettle to shift or possibly tip over. Additionally the kettle should be positioned so the lid opens away from the structure to avoid unnecessary fume exposure to the building occupants. Plastic sheathing can also be installed over exterior air intakes to help reduce fume exposure to occupants.

• When installing the propane tanks ensure they are positioned in a location which allows the tanks to be stored upright and secured at least 10 feet from the kettles burners. The pressure release valves should also be pointing away from the kettle.

Pre-Inspection:

• Assess ground conditions and weather, moisture can cause the hot bitumen to splatter and splash when mixes with water.

• Inspect all hoses, gauges, burners and the tanks exterior for cut, cracks and to ensure they properly fit.

• Position at least 2 ten pound ABC rated fire extinguishers within 30 feet of the kettle and 50 feet from the propane tanks.

Lighting the Burner:

• Always lite the burner outside of heating tube and place it inside once lit. Propane can build up in the burner well causing a flashback or explosion when the burner is attempted to be lit while inside the heating tube.

Loading the Kettle:

• Always break the larger bricks of asphalt into smaller pieces, this will minimize employees lifting the 50-100 pound bricks of asphalt as well as splash and overflow hazards of placing the entire load into the kettle at once.

• Stirring of the kettles contents should be avoided; in the event the kettle must be stirred a wooden plank shall be used.

• Any employee responsible for loading the kettle shall be required to wear the following PPE.

o Tight Cuff Leather Gloves o Safety Glasses o Face Shield o Long Sleeved Shirt o Pants o Work Boots

Monitoring the Kettle:

• The kettle operator shall ensure the temperature of the kettle remains at least 25 degrees Fahrenheit below flash point of the bitumen. This can be obtained either on the bitumen packaging label or the Safety Data Sheet (SDS).

• The kettle operator shall always be within 25 feet of the kettle and in visual distance when the burners are on.

Required PPE:

• All employees working with hot asphalt shall be required to wear long pants (cuff less), long sleeved shirt, leather gloves and safety glasses. Additionally any employee loading brick asphalt into the kettle or dispensing liquid asphalt from the kettle pipe into a lugger shall be required to wear a face shield when performing these operations.

Tankers:

Set-up:

• Tankers must be set-up on a firm flat surface, if parked on a slope the asphalt in the tank can begin to pool in the rear near the heating tubes causing them to overheat and possibly explode.

• The wheels shall always be chalked to prevent unintentional movement and for additional stabilization.

Pre-Inspection:

• Perform thorough pre-trip vehicle inspection.

• Ensure the tanker has been filled above the heating tubes and with enough material for the day’s work. This can be seen by opening the exhaust stack covers to visually see the heating tubes.

• Once the tank has been lit, open the tank manhole cover to release gases and equalize pressure while the asphalt heats.

• Position at least 2 ten pound ABC rated fire extinguishers within 30 feet of the kettle and 50 feet from the propane tanks.

Lighting the Burner:

• Never lit a burner near flammable materials or open flames.

• Do not run propane tanks above 20 pounds per square inch.

Loading the Tanker:

• Never stand directly over the tank manhole cover while being loaded with asphalt, to avoid splash hazards.

• Any employee responsible for loading the kettle shall be required to wear the following PPE.

o Leather Gloves o Safety Glasses o Face Shield o Long Sleeved Shirt o Pants o Work Boots

Monitoring the Tanker:

• The operator shall stay within 25 feet of an operational tanker at all times while always maintaining visual contact.

• The tanker operator shall ensure the temperature of the tanker does not exceed 500 degree Fahrenheit or 25 degrees Fahrenheit below the bitumen’s flash point.

• Sticking the tanker must be completed by using a wooden plank or paddle; metal pipes should not be used.

Required PPE:

• All employees working with hot asphalt shall be required to wear long pants (cuff less), long sleeved shirt, leather gloves and safety glasses. Additionally any employee loading brick asphalt into the kettle or dispensing liquid asphalt from the kettle pipe into a lugger shall be required to wear a face shield when performing these operations.

Mop Carts & Luggers:

• The transportation of the asphalt from the ground to the roof is only the first step once it’s on the roof we need to transport it to the immediate work area; this is accomplished through the use of luggers and mop carts. The luggers are filled with hot asphalt at the tanker or kettle pipe and can be wheeled to the work area. Then a mop cart is positioned below a spout on the lugger which is opened to release the hot asphalt into the mop cart where it is then mopped onto the roof.

• While essential pieces of equipment, they too can poses serious hazards to employees.

• Always inspect the equipment to make sure it is in proper working condition.

• Never fill the mop carts or lugger to its full capacity, this makes them easier to control and decreases the chance for overflow.

Hot Pipes:

• The following criteria should be adhered to when handling hot pipes: o Inspection or all pipes and fitting shall be performed prior to use. o All hot pipes shall be secured to a support at the roof line to prevent movement. o All hot pipes should be erected and secured in as vertical a manner as possible to

prevent the pipes from bowing. o The hot pipe shall be insulated if necessary to keep the asphalt being dispensed

at the proper temperature. o Tarps shall be erected on the exterior of the building where the hot pipe is

erected to prevent the existing structure from being splashed on.

Transportation:

• Moving our kettles and tankers from jobsite to jobsite is an essential part of business; however there are specific regulations set forth by the Department of Transportation (DOT) which require the operators of tankers to be sufficiently licensed and for the vehicles to be properly marked. The following requirements shall be met by (Insert Company Name).

Licensing:

• The towing of a kettle does not require the operator to have a valid Commercial Drivers Licenses (CDL) unless:

o The vehicle and the load being towed have a gross combined weight of 26,001 pounds or more.

o The load being transported is a hazardous material over the weight 1,001 pounds.

o The unit being towed weighs more than 10,000 pounds.

• Anyone operating a tanker must have the required endorsement on the CDL.

Markings:

• All tankers and kettles must be marked on two sides with the word “HOT”, which is displayed in Gothic lettering in black on a white background.

• All tankers and kettles which carry 1,000 pounds or less must be marked on two sides with the number “3257”, which is on a white square-on-point configuration.

• If the tanker of kettle is capable of carrying over 1,000 pounds then the “HOT” and “3257” markings must be located on both sides of the vehicle and on the front and back.

• The RSPA (Research and Special Program Administration) allows the pictured marking to be used for all tankers and kettles.

Introduction:

• Fire hazard are a major concern on all roofing projects due to the amount of flammable liquids we use along with numerous kinds of electrical equipment.

Policy:

• To prevent fires it is important to understand how they begin. Fires occur when three elements: heat, oxygen and fuel combine in sufficient quantities. These three elements typically are referred to as the fire triangle.

• A fire can be extinguished by eliminating anyone of these three elements, a fire requires all three elements to burn.

• If a roof fire does occur crew members should keep the following in mind:

a. Only the crew members assisting in extinguishing the fire should remain on the roof.

b. If a fire cannot be extinguished in 20 seconds, the time it takes to empty a fire extinguisher, workers should evacuate the roof and let the fire department handle the situation.

c. Once off the roof meet at the trucks to get a count to make sure all employees are off the roof and safe.

d. Do not access the roof again, until it has been deemed safe by a competent person.

S7 – Fire Prevention Safety

• Fire Extinguishers:

1. All fire extinguishers used by (Company Name) employees should be ABC rated. The following list will describe what these ratings stand for:

a. Class A- fire extinguishers are used on wood, paper or trash fires (basically any material that leaves ash when it’s burned).

b. Class B- fire extinguishers are used on flammable liquids and gases. c. Class C- fire extinguishers are used for electrical fires. d. Class D- fire extinguishers are used on combustible metal fires. Combustible

metals include magnesium, sodium or other metals that end with the letters “um”.

o Since we do not use any combustible metals and rarely encounter them on jobs, crews are distributed fire extinguishers that are rated for Class ABC fires. If employees were to work on a job with combustible metals they will be provided a Class D fire extinguisher.

2. How to use a fire extinguisher: a. P- Pull the pin. b. A- Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire. c. S- Squeeze the handle. d. S- Sweep from side to side to cover the entire

fire.

o When using the P.A.S.S system it is important to know that you should be standing 6 to 8 feet away from the fire while trying to extinguish it.

3. Make sure the fire extinguishers are properly rated for the jobsite. An extinguisher rated at least 2A must be used for every 3,000 square feet of roof.

4. The extinguisher(s) on the roof should NEVER be more than 100 feet away from the area being worked on.

5. Whenever there is more than 5 gallons of flammable or combustible liquid or more than

5 pounds of flammable gas on the roof there must be at least one fire extinguisher with a 10B rating within 50 feet (this does not include the liquids inside of built-in gas tanks of motor vehicles).

6. Make sure the locking pin is tied in place and is not bent.

7. Make sure the needle on the gauge is in the proper pressure zone (the green zone).

8. Look for any rust, dents or cracks anywhere on the casing, if there is any present remove the extinguisher from service and get a new one.

Flammable and Combustible Liquids:

1. OSHA defines flammable liquids as having flashpoints below 140 degrees Fahrenheit and combustible liquids as having flashpoints between 140 and 200 degrees Fahrenheit. A flashpoint is the temperature at which a liquid will catch fire if exposed to a flame.

2. When storing flammable or combustible liquids: a. Store them in an area which has good ventilation to prevent vapors from

accumulating. b. Fire doors and walkways must be clear and the liquids can’t be stored near

stairways or exits. c. Always keep these liquids away from any ignition source, such as heat, flames or

smoking materials. d. The liquids must be stored in labeled safety cans, with spark arresters and self-

closing lids except for extremely viscous liquids such as EPDM adhesives, which can be stored in their original containers.

3. Simple safety tips to help prevent fires: a. Do not smoke around flammable or combustible liquids or materials. b. When refueling a piece of equipment, turn it off and let it cool down first, if

possible. c. Use these fluids in well ventilated areas to dissipate vapors. d. Always keep a fire extinguisher on hand with either a B or ABC rating.

Introduction:

• Personnel shall wear, and maintain in good condition, appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) where the potential for injuries and/or health hazards may exists.

• Personal protection equipment includes any safety equipment that is used to

prevent personal injury. This equipment is given to each new employee with the exception of work clothing and boots which are personal care items and must be provided by the employee.

• The wearing of suitable PPE when required by policy and/or OSHA is a condition of

employment. Individuals and employees that disregard this condition will be removed from the job or terminated.

(Insert Company Name):

- Shall be responsible for providing all employees with the required PPE for the hazards they are exposed to which is properly fitted for each employee.

- Shall provide all employees with training pertaining to the hazards of the job and which PPE to use to protect them from the hazard. All training on PPE shall be documented.

- Shall develop a written hazard assessment for each job which is outlined with all employees and signed.

Foreman:

- Must be aware of the activities and locations on their job sites requiring specific PPE - Train employees in the proper use of PPE - Assure that appropriate personal protective equipment is available and worn.

Employees:

- Required to comply with PPE policies as explained within their new-hire safety orientation given prior to beginning work with Eagle Rivet.

- Responsible for the maintenance, care and use of their PPE. - Required to inform their foreman whenever a need arises to use PPE for which the

employee has not received training, or when a condition exists where adequate PPE is not available.

- Required to turn all PPE in to their foreman upon separation of employment.

S8 – Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Safety

Typical PPE used by (Insert Company Name) employees: PERSONAL PROTECTION PPE: For use with/ during: Safety Glasses When exposed to air borne debris, hammering,

sawing, chipping, grinding, working in dusty places, handling chemicals or other operations where eye injuries may result.

Face Shield (w/safety glasses) Chemical splash, use of abrasive grinding wheel,

when dispensing hot asphalt from the tanker/kettle pipe, when loading the kettle/tanker with asphalt, cutting metal decking.

Hard Hats At all times on construction projects Gloves Handling sheet metal, and/or rough/abrasive

material. When dealing with chemicals (chemical resistant gloves), when handling hot asphalt and torches (leather gloves), cleaning seams or laps with membrane cleaner (chemical resistant gloves).

Proper Clothing Shirts covering the entire torso with 4” sleeves

minimum, not tank tops, shall be worn at all times on jobsites. Full work pants in good condition (no significant tears, holes, etc) shall be worn. Shorts are not permitted

Work boots Sturdy heavy duty work boots/shoes are required

for all field and shop activities. Safety toes are encouraged

Respiratory Protection All respirator usage will comply with the companies

Respiratory Protection Program Safety Harness All fall protection equipment usage shall comply

with the companies Fall Protection Program

Special Circumstances:

• Some employees may require corrective lenses to adequately perform their work operations, if required employees wearing corrective lenses must meet one of the following guidelines.

o Corrective lenses must be deigned to withstand impact hazards and side shield shall be worn with the corrective lenses.

o Goggles shall be worn over the employee’s corrective lenses without disrupting the employee’s vision.

• The use of an employee’s corrective lenses alone is not a sufficient replacement for safety glasses, neither is the use of sunglasses.

Introduction: The presence of asbestos containing building materials can still be encountered in many commercial and residential buildings, and therefore it is essential for an environmental assessment of the roofing system to be conducted prior to the start of the project. The presence of asbestos containing roofing materials, such as felts, shingles, flashings, cements and mastics, can pose an increased health risk to the exposed employees, which is why employees must be trained on the safe work practices for asbestos removal. Asbestos containing roofing material means any material containing more than one percent asbestos.

The key is to verify the presence of asbestos containing roofing materials do not exist. This can be performed by taking test cuts of the existing roofing system, which shall include all non-homogeneous materials, by reviewing the material safety data sheets or material specification sheets for the products installed and/or by talking the property owner to see if they have an asbestos management plan established. Also remember, there may be more than one roofing system present, therefore you must take a core sample down to the roof deck.

Failure to adhere to the Asbestos Removal Policy can subject the company to regulatory fines levied by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, The Environmental Protection Agency and/or local and state agencies. Be familiar with your state and local laws regarding the removal of asbestos containing roofing materials.

S9 – Asbestos Awareness

Objectives:

The objectives of this policy are to establish a written program outlining general guidelines governing the safe removal of asbestos containing roofing materials. Refer to 29 CFR 1926.1101(g)(11) for additional information on OSHA’s regulations for the removal of non-friable asbestos containing roofing materials.

This written program will address the following:

1. Responsibilities

2. General Requirements

3. Inspections

4. Health Affects

5. Training

6. Policies & Procedures

Responsibilities:

• Upper and Middle Management including Safety Director, Project Managers, and Superintendents have the responsibility to:

o Implement this Asbestos Removal policy by: Directing all project estimators and project managers to perform an

environmental survey of the roofing system to verify the absence of asbestos containing roofing materials.

Providing all employees with information, training, and the personal protective equipment they need to protect themselves from exposure to asbestos containing roofing materials.

Ensuring that all necessary tools and equipment are available to comply with this policy.

Ensure each project involving the removal, repair or maintenance of asbestos

containing roofing materials is provided with a Competent Person.

o Enforce compliance with this policy shall be performed through project pre-planning and through onsite safety and health observations.

• Methods of Compliance:

o Roofing felts and asbestos shingles are still considered Class II asbestos containing building materials are require additional safe work practices, including notifications, training, communications and recordkeeping requirements. The methods of compliance for Class II asbestos containing roofing materials are listed in 1926.1101(g)(7)

o In August 1994, the NRCA and OSHA entered into a settlement agreement which resulted in several changes to the OSHA regulations on the removal of asbestos containing roofing materials. The most significant change involved the compliance methods required for the safe handling, installation, removal, repair and maintenance of incidental asbestos containing roofing materials, including intact roofing cements, mastics, coatings and flashing, which were originally regulated as Class II asbestos containing building materials. The methods of compliance for incidental asbestos containing roofing materials are listed in 1926.1101(g)(11)

• Competent Person Responsibilities

o The OSHA Standards require that before work begins and as needed during the job, a

competent person who is capable of identifying asbestos hazards in the workplace and selecting the appropriate control strategy for asbestos exposure, and who has the authority to take corrective measures to eliminate such hazards, shall conduct an inspection of the worksite and determine that the roofing materials is intact and will likely remain intact.

o In addition to the requirements listed above, the Competent Person for Class II asbestos abatement shall receive specialty training that meets the criteria of the EPA’s Model Accreditation Plan (40 CRF part 763) for Supervisor, or its equivalent.

o Maintain communications with the building representative to ensure the occupants

have been notified of the asbestos containing roofing material removal, repair or maintenance, as required by the Hazard Communications Standard.

• Employees have the responsibility to:

o Adhere to the safe work practices established in the Asbestos Removal Policy.

o Notify the competent person in the event the asbestos containing roofing material becomes friable (defined as capable of being pulverized by hand pressure), meaning the asbestos containing roofing material is no longer considered intact.

o Notify the competent person / supervisor when fellow employees do not adhere to the

safe work practices established in the Asbestos Removal Policy

o Prevent unauthorized personnel from accessing the asbestos abatement areas. General Requirements:

• All asbestos removal shall be made in accordance with the rules, regulations, requirements, and guidelines set forth in 29 CFR 1926.1101; the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's standard on Asbestos.

• Disposal of asbestos containing roofing materials shall be performed in compliance with all federal, state and local ordinances.

• All employees shall be trained in the health hazards associated with asbestos exposure and the safe work practices to be adhered to during the removal and disposal of asbestos containing roofing material.

Health Effects Asbestos is a common, naturally occurring group of fibrous minerals which can be mined from the earth. Up until the 1970’s asbestos fibers were widely used in a variety of building materials due their resistance to heat transfer, resistance to chemicals, resistance to moisture, sound absorption and resistance to wear qualities. Generally, being around asbestos containing roofing materials isn’t a danger as long as the asbestos remains intact. Asphalt and bitumen encapsulate the asbestos fibers, preventing them from being released in the atmosphere where they can be inhaled or ingested. The inhalation and/or ingestion of asbestos containing fibers in a high concentration and/or long duration can lead to several different asbestos related diseases, including:

• Asbestosis - In this condition, the lung tissue becomes scarred. People who have asbestosis are at greater risk for lung cancer, especially if they smoke.

• Mesothelioma - This disease is cancer of the pleura.

• Lung Cancer - This type of cancer forms in the lung tissue, usually in the cells lining the air passages.

• Plural Plague - In this condition, the tissue around the lungs and diaphragm (the muscle below your lungs) thickens and hardens. This tissue is called the pleura. Pleural plaque usually causes no symptoms. Rarely, as the pleura thickens, it can trap and compress part of the lung. This may show up as a mass on an x-ray image.

• Plural Effusion - In this condition, excess fluid builds up in the pleural space. The pleural space is the

area between the lungs and the chest wall. The signs and symptoms of asbestos related diseases can occur several years after the initial exposure to asbestos, also known as Asbestos Latency Period, which can range from 20 to 40 years depending upon duration and concentration of exposure.

Training:

• Training shall be available at no additional costs to any employee who may be exposed in excess of the permissible exposure limit (0.1 f/cc) and each employee engaged in the removal of asbestos containing roofing materials.

• Training shall be provided prior to or at the time of initial assignment and at least

annually thereafter. • Training for Class II asbestos abatement, involving removal, repair or maintenance of

asbestos containing roofing materials, flooring materials, siding materials, ceiling tiles, or transite panels, shall be performed in accordance with the EPA Model Accreditation Plan (49 CFR 763).

• Class II asbestos abatement requires a supervisor / competent person who has received training in accordance with the EPA Model Accreditation Plan (49 CFR part 763).

• Employees working on projects involving the removal of incidental asbestos containing roofing material only, (meaning the abatement is not considered Class II, III or IV work) are required to meet the training requirements listed in paragraph 1926.1101(g)(11), which includes the following topics:

o Identification of asbestos o Use of asbestos in construction building materials o Characteristics of Asbestos o Health Effects and Latency Periods o Concentration and Duration of Exposure o Relationship of asbestos exposure and smoking – increase in potential health

effects o An overview of the OSHA Standards for Asbestos o OSHA’s permissible exposure limit – 0.1 f/cc time weighted average o Definition of intact vs friable asbestos containing building materials o Appropriate work practices and alternative methods for handling intact asbestos

roof coatings, mastics, cements and flashings. o Procedures to follow when asbestos containing roofing materials become friable

(non-intact). o Manual methods for removal of materials o Clean up and waste disposal.

• The Competent Person responsible for the supervision of incidental asbestos containing roofing material abatement covered under 1926.1101(g)(11), and does not engage in the Class II, III or IV work is not subjected to the same training requirements listed in 1926.1101(o)(4). In addition to meeting the training requirements for a worker covered by 1926.1101(g)(11), the competent person shall be knowledgeable in the following topics:

o Methods of determining presence of asbestos-containing roofing materials o Understanding and interpreting air monitoring data o Understanding a negative exposure assessment o Notification requirement

• Employees working in and around the asbestos abatement must be trained in the

recognition of the health hazards associated with asbestos related diseases. Policies & Procedures: When cements, mastics, coatings and flashings are manufactured and installed, the asbestos fibers are encapsulated by the adhesive bitumen, which prevents the asbestos fibers from being released and becoming airborne. The removal of intact asbestos containing roofing materials using manual methods will not result in a significant fiber release. Manual method include the use of hand tools, such as axes, pry bars, spud bars, flat shovels, utility knives and other slicing tools, that permit the incidental asbestos containing roofing materials to remain intact. The removal of incidental asbestos containing roofing materials which remain intact require the following safe work practices in accordance with 1926.1101(g)(11).

• Before work begins and as needed during the job, a competent person who is capable of identifying asbestos hazards in the workplace and selecting the appropriate control strategy for asbestos exposure, and who has the authority to take prompt corrective actions to eliminate such hazards, shall conduct an inspection of the worksite and determine that the roofing material is intact and will likely remain intact.

• A negative exposure assessment shall be conducted to ensure the airborne concentration of asbestos fibers remains below the 8-hour time weighted average of 0.1 f/cc and the 30 minute short-term exposure limit of 1.0 f/cc. A negative exposure assessment shall confirm with 1926.1101(f)(2)(i) – (iii), and may consist of an initial exposure assessment, objective data and/or data from a prior project performed within the previous 12-months in which work place conditions are “closely resembled.”

• All employees performing the installation, removal, repair or maintenance of intact asbestos containing roofing materials encapsulation or coated by bituminous or resinous compounds shall be trained in accordance with this policy (see training above).

• Asbestos containing roofing materials shall not be sanded, abraded or ground. Manual methods which do not render the materials non-intact (friable) shall be used.

• Material that has been removed for the a roof shall not be dropped or thrown to the ground.

Unless the material is carried or passed to the ground by hand, it shall be lowered to the ground via dust covered, dust-tight chute, crane or hoist.

• All materials shall be removed from the roof as soon as possible, but in any event not later

than the end of the work shift.

• The use of wet methods is not required when materials remain intact.

• Hand and power tools, such as roof cutters with abrasive or rotating blades, which may cause the asbestos containing roofing materials to crumble or become pulverized (friable) are not considered acceptable means for the removal of incidental asbestos containing roofing material. This method or means for the removal of asbestos containing roofing material in which the materials become friable must be considered Class II work.

• Smoking shall be strictly prohibited during the removal of asbestos containing roofing materials.

The removal of Class II asbestos containing roof materials roofing materials shall be performed in accordance with the following safe work practices (1926.1101(g)(8)(ii)). This includes all incidental asbestos containing roofing materials that will not, or likely will not, remain intact during the removal.

• A supervisor, who has been trained in accordance with the EPA’s model accreditation plan shall be present on all projects involving Class II work.

• A negative exposure assessment shall be conducted to ensure the airborne concentration of asbestos fibers remains below the 8-hour time weighted average of 0.1 f/cc and the 30 minute short-term exposure limit of 1.0 f/cc. A negative exposure assessment shall confirm with 1926.1101(f)(2)(i) – (iii), and may consist of an initial exposure assessment, objective data and/or data from a prior project performed within the previous 12-months in which work place conditions are “closely resembled.”

• Roofing material shall remain intact to the extent feasible.

• Cutting machines shall be continually misted during use, unless a competent person determines that misting substantially reduces worker safety.

• When removing built-up roofs with asbestos-containing felts and an aggregate surface using a power roof cutter, all dust resulting from the cutting operation shall be collected by a HEPA dust collector, or shall be HEPA vacuumed by vacuuming along the cut line. When removing built-up roofs with asbestos-containing roofing felts and a smooth surface using a power roof cutter, the dust resulting from the cutting operation shall be collected either by a HEPA dust collector or HEPA vacuuming along the cut line, or by gently sweeping and then carefully and completely wiping up the still-wet dust and debris left along the cut line.

• Asbestos-containing material that has been removed from a roof shall not be dropped or

thrown to the ground. Unless the material is carried or passed to the ground by hand, it shall be lowered to the ground via covered, dust-tight chute, crane or hoist.

• Any ACM that is not intact shall be lowered to the ground as soon as is practicable, but in any

event no later than the end of the work shift. While the material remains on the roof it shall either be kept wet, placed in an impermeable waste bag, or wrapped in plastic sheeting.

• Intact ACM shall be lowered to the ground as soon as is practicable, but in any event no later

than the end of the work shift.

• Upon being lowered, unwrapped material shall be transferred to a closed receptacle in such manner so as to preclude the dispersion of dust.

• Roof level heating and ventilation air intake sources shall be isolated or the ventilation system

shall be shut down.

• Respiratory protection shall be provided until a negative exposure assessment has been performed, and as required thereafter. Please refer the respiratory protection program within this safety policy for additional information.

• Medical evaluations shall be required when employees performing Class II work will be exposed at or above the permissible exposure level for 30 or more days per year, prior to assignment of the employee to a regulated area where negative pressure respirators are worn, and annually thereafter. Refer to 1926.1101(m) – medical surveillance for additional information.

• Protective clothing shall be provided at no cost the workers performing Class II work when the permissible exposure limit is exceeded.

Repairs Less Than 25 Square Feet Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, removal or repair of sections of intact roofing less than 25 square feet in area does not require use of wet methods or HEPA vacuuming as long as manual methods which do not render the material non-intact are used to remove the material and no visible dust is created by the removal method used. In determining whether a job involves less than 25 square feet, the employer shall include all removal and repair work performed on the same roof on the same day. Signs Warning signs that demarcate the regulated area shall be provided and displayed at each location where a regulated area is required to be established. Signs shall be posted at such a distance for each location that an employee may read the signs and take the necessary precautionary steps before entering the area marked by the signs. The following is an example of an Asbestos Danger sign. The sign may, or may not, state respiratory protection and protective clothing are required, depending upon their use is required based upon the negative exposure assessment.

Barrier Distances Employees who have not received Asbestos Awareness training, as outline in this policy, and who are directly engaged in the handling of asbestos containing building materials shall be separated by a warning line or barrier established a minimum of 20 feet away from the asbestos abatement activities.

Dumpsters Asbestos containing roofing materials shall be separated from non-regulated waste, unless otherwise permitted by local or state code. The regulated waste dumpsters shall be lined with two layers of 6 mil poly sheeting, and shall be covered or locked at the end of each shift. Dumpsters shall have appropriate signs stating the materials inside contain asbestos. Special Notes: Always verify the local and state regulations pertaining to the removal of asbestos containing roofing materials in your area, and the area where the job will be performed. Several states require additional licensing for abatement contractors, abatement supervisors and abatement workers. This policy covers the Class II removal of roofing materials and incidental asbestos containing roofing materials only. This policy is not inclusive of all asbestos abatement activities covered by the OSHA regulation 1926.1101

Introduction: Each year more than 250 workers in the U.S. die from silicosis, an incurable, progressive lung disease which is directly attributed to the overexposure of dust which contains silica. This doesn’t account for the hundreds of other employees who suffer daily from the debilitating effects silicosis can inflict on its victims. All these cases could have been prevent had the proper procedures and steps been in place and followed.

Silicosis is an incurable and often times fatal lung disease which is caused by breathing in crystalline silica particles. It is caused by being overexposed to the crystalline silica dust which in turn causes scar tissues to form in the lungs of the victim. Silica is most commonly found in sand, rock and mineral ores as it’s the second most abundant mineral in the earth’s crust.

Objectives:

The objectives of this policy are to establish a written program outlining general guidelines governing the procedures for safely working with and around crystalline silica dust.

This written program will address the following:

1. Responsibilities

2. General Requirements

3. Health Affects

4. Training

5. Policies & Procedures

S10 – Silica Awareness

Responsibilities:

• Upper and Middle Management including Safety Director, Project Managers, and Superintendents have the responsibility to:

o Implement this Crystalline Silica policy by: Directing all project estimators and project managers to perform an

environmental survey of the roofing system to verify the absence of materials which are comprised of Crystalline Silica.

Providing all employees with information, training, and the personal protective equipment they need to protect themselves from being overexposed to materials containing Crystalline Silica.

Ensuring that all necessary tools and equipment are available to comply with this policy.

o Enforce compliance with this policy shall be performed through project pre-planning and through onsite safety and health observations.

• Employees have the responsibility to:

o Adhere to the safe work practices established for working with materials containing

Crystalline Silica.

o Notify the competent person in the event the asbestos containing roofing material becomes friable (defined as capable of being pulverized by hand pressure), meaning the asbestos containing roofing material is no longer considered intact.

o Notify the competent person / supervisor when fellow employees do not adhere to the

safe work practices which they were trained on pertaining to handling materials containing Crystalline Silica.

o Prevent unauthorized personnel from accessing areas where Crystalline Silica dust is

being created.

o Protect other workers and trades from being exposed to Crystalline Silica dust created by our work operations (using a wet method while performing cutting or grinding operations of materials containing crystalline silica is the preferable method).

General Requirements:

• All employees responsible for working with or around materials containing Crystalline Silica shall adhere to all policies and procedures of the Silica Awareness Program.

• Disposal of materials containing Crystalline Silica shall be performed in compliance with all federal, state and local ordinances.

• All employees shall be trained in the health hazards associated with Crystalline Silica exposure and the safe work practices to be adhered while working with materials containing Crystalline Silica.

Health Effects Crystalline Silica affects everyone differently, specifically pertaining to the workers exposure levels and duration of time being overexposed. There are three types of silicosis, diagnosing which form is present depends on the concentration of the crystalline silica which the victims was exposed to:

- Chronic Silicosis: typically occurs after ten (10) or more years of overexposure - Accelerated Silicosis: Results from high level exposures and develops over a 5-10 year

period. - Acute Silicosis: Occurs when employees are exposed to the highest levels of crystalline

silica and symptoms can develop within a few weeks or up to five (5) years.

Signs and Symptoms:

- Chronic Silicosis: this is the most common form of silicosis and can undetected for a number of years. Even an X-ray may not show the effects the Crystalline Silica has taken on your lungs until after 15-20 years of being overexposed. The following are symptoms that someone with chronic silicosis may experience:

o Shortness of breath, severe cough, fatigue, loss of appetite, chest pains, fever.

These symptoms are the same for accelerated silicosis and acute silicosis, but occur at a much more rapid pace as the employee suffering from the disease would have been overexposed to significantly high levels of Crystalline Silica.

Training:

• Training shall be provided to all employees who will be responsible for working with or around materials containing Crystalline Silica.

• Employees shall be trained on how to identify materials in their work area which may contain

Crystalline Silica as well as how to safely work with or around the materials. • All employees who will be responsible for working with or around Crystalline Silica shall

receive training pertaining to the respiratory program. • All employees who will be responsible for working with or around materials containing

Crystalline Silica shall be properly fit tested and medically evaluated for a full/half faced respirator prior to performing any task associated with the Crystalline Silica containing materials.

OSHA regulates silica exposure using the permissible exposure limit (PEL), which is the maximum amount of airborne dust an employee may be exposed to during a full work shift (8 hours). The PEL is dependent on the amount of crystalline silica that is present in the dust. The equation for this calculation is given below. For the most part, OSHA is more concerned with the respirable fraction of the sample because it is more hazardous; however, both respirable and total dust equations are shown. The following parameters are necessary to calculate the PEL and the exposure level.

% crystalline silica in the air samples (if the laboratory reports the silica concentrations in units of mass convert the mass to percent - e.g., [sample weight (mg) ÷ dust weight (mg) ] × 100% ):

% quartz % cristobalite % tridymite

Total weight of the dust collected in the air samples in milligrams Total volume of air sampled for each sample in cubic meters (1000 liters = 1 cubic meter) Total sampling time for each air sample in minutes

PEL Equations: PEL (respirable fraction) = 10 ÷ [% quartz + (% cristobalite × 2) + (% tridymite × 2) + 2] PEL (total dust) = 30 ÷ [% quartz + (% cristobalite × 2) + (% tridymite × 2) + 2] Exposure Equation: Exposure = [(mg/m3

(1) × time(1)) + (mg/m3(2) × time(2)) + ... + (mg/m3

(n) × time(n))] ÷ 480 minutes

Example: The following example is based on collecting a respirable sample using a cyclone. If a total dust sample were collected (i.e., no cyclone used) the example would only differ in the value used to calculate the PEL. Two consecutive samples (respirable fraction) from the same employee taken for a combined exposure to silica dusts have the following results: Step 1: Calculate the percentage of quartz, cristobalite, and tridymite in the particulate collected. Quartz: [5.2% × (0.855/1.474)] + [4.8% × (0.619/1.474)] = 3.0 + 2.0 = 5.0% Cristobalite: [2.3% × (0.855/1.474)] + [1.7% × (0.619/1.474)] = 1.3 + 0.7 = 2.0% Tridymite: none detected = 0% Step 2: Calculate the PEL for the mixture. PEL (mixture) = 10 mg/m3 ÷ [% quartz + (% cristobalite × 2) + (% tridymite × 2) + 2] = 10 ÷ [5 + (2.0 × 2) + (0 × 2) + 2] = 10 ÷ 11.0 = 0.91 mg/m3

Step 3: Calculate the employee's exposure (8 hour TWA). Exposure = [(mg/m3

(1) × time (1)) + (mg/m3 (2) × time (2)) + ... + (mg/m3

(n) × time (n))] ÷ 480 minutes = [(2.1 × 238) + (1.9 × 192)] ÷ 480 = 1.8 mg/m3 Step 4: Calculate the severity of the exposure. Severity = 1.8 mg/m3 ÷ 0.91 mg/m3 = 2.0 By performing these calculations you are able to determine that your employees cannot be exposed to more than 0.91 mg/m3 over an 8 hour period. Keep in mind to perform these calculations you need to have a laboratory perform testing which will provide you with the % of quartz, cristobalite and

Sample Sampling Period

(minutes)

Total Volume

(m3)

Weight of Dust

(mg)

Concentration (mg/m3)

Laboratory Results (%)

A 238 0.405 0.855 2.1 5.2 quartz 2.3 cristobalite ND tridymite

B 192 0.326 0.619 1.9 4.8 quartz 1.7 cristobalite ND tridymite

Total 430 0.731 1.474

ND = not detectable

tridymite which are essential for the calculations. These calculations are typically performed by a certified Industrial Hygienist. Policies & Procedures:

• All employees shall be properly trained on the hazard associated with materials containing Crystalline Silica and how to safely work with and around them before ever being tasked with performing roofing operations which deal with Crystalline Silica containing materials.

• Samples shall be taken and tested on all concrete which will need to be cut or grinded to ensure it is not compromised of Crystalline Silica which exceeds the Permissible Exposure Limit established by the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA).

• Anytime a material containing Crystalline Silica needs to be cut or grinded, which would create dust, either a wet method must be used or a vacuum system with the proper filters must be attached to the tool which is creating the dust.

• Anytime materials containing Crystalline Silica are present and the chance for dust to be created arises, the foreman onsite shall be responsible for alerting all employees, other trades and the General Contractor (if there is one) of the hazards associated with the pending work prior to beginning operations.

• All employees responsible for working with or around materials containing Crystalline Silica shall be provided and shall utilize the required Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). This includes, but is not limited to a full or half faced respirator. It is recommended as a safe work practice that Tyvek suits and gloves be worn as well to eliminate the chance of the Crystalline Silica dust being created transferring to the employees clothing.

A worker using a grinder with an attached vacuum dust collection system. The vacuum pulls dust through the

hose, where it is captured by filters. (Photo courtesy of the University of Washington).

A worker cutting concrete block using a handheld

saw that applies water to the blade. The water reduces the amount of silica-containing dust that

gets in the air.

• The following lays out which type of respirator is required depending of the concentration of Crystalline Silica present:

o 5 mg/m3 – Any dust respirator o 10 mg/m3 or less – Any dust respirator, except single-use or quarter-mask respirators

-Any fume respirator or high efficiency particulate filter respirator -Any supplied-air respirator -Any self-contained breathing apparatus

o 50 mg/m3 or less - A high efficiency particulate filter respirator with a full face piece -Any supplied-air respirator with a full face piece, helmet or hood -Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full face piece

o 500 mg/m3 or less – A powered air-purifying respirator with a high efficiency particulate filter - A Type C supplied-air respirator operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure or continuous flow mode

o Greater than 500 mg/m3 or entry and escape from unknown concentrations – - Self-contained breathing apparatus with a full face piece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode - A combination respirator which includes a Type C supplied-air

respirator with a full face piece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure or continuous-flow mode and an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode.

• It is recommended that all materials which are to be disposed of that have Crystalline Silica dust on them must be bagged to prevent the dispersion of the dust.

• Roof level heating and ventilation air intake sources shall be isolated or the ventilation system shall be shut down.

• In the event another trade is performing work operations which creates crystalline silica dust, all roofing operations shall be halted until the proper documentation can be provided which clearly states the PEL are not being exceeded and it’s safe to work it the surrounding area.

• All power tools which are designed by the manufacturer to have a guard in place, such as grinder, must be used with the proper guard installed. Refer to the hand and power tools section for additional information.

Introduction:

• (Insert Company Name) employees shall be aware of the general requirements for ground set-ups, rigging safety, and hand signals. (Insert Company Name) shall take responsibility to ensure compliance. (Insert Company Name) policy is to maintain a safe workplace for its employees; therefore, it cannot be overemphasized that only qualified and licensed individuals shall be permitted to operate a crane or hoist as well as perform rigging or signaling operations.

• Qualified Person – An employee who has a recognized degree, certificate, etc., or

extensive experience and ability to solve the subject problems, at the worksite.

Contents:

• Responsibilities • Rigging • Signaling • Electrical Crane Safety • Conveyors • Hoists/Roof Mounted Hoists

Responsibilities: Project Foreman shall be responsible for:

• Ensuring that employees under their supervision have received the required training and are certified and licensed by an accredited organization to operate the cranes and hoists in their areas.

• Ensure those rigging loads and signaling cranes are qualified persons for this type of work.

• The area under the swing radius and direct lifting path of travel has been barricaded to

prevent unauthorized entry from persons and property.

S11 – Cranes, Conveyors & Hoists Safety

• Perform initial and period review of the crane operator annual, periodic, and daily inspection records.

• Ceasing any operations performed by a sub-contracted crane operator or a crane operator delivering materials, which presents an unsafe act or unsafe condition until the hazards have been abated.

• Inspecting the rigging equipment, lifting points of the load, and take disciplinary actions against any crewmember or subcontractor who disregards the crane operations instructions.

Crane Operators are responsible for:

• Operating hoisting equipment in a safe manner.

• Conducting functional tests prior to using the equipment.

• Selecting and using rigging equipment appropriately.

• Having a valid operator's license from an accredited organization on their person while operating cranes or hoists. (States may require a state specific operator’s license).

• Have a valid DOT equivalent Medical Physical

General Safety Rules: Operators shall comply with the following rules while operating the cranes and hoists:

• Do not engage in any practice that will divert your attention while operating the crane.

• Respond to signals only from the person who is directing the lift or any appointed signal person. Obey a stop signal at all times, no matter who gives it.

• Do not move a load over people. People shall not be placed in jeopardy by being under a

suspended load. Also, do not work under a suspended load unless the load is supported by blocks, jacks, or a solid footing that will safely support the entire weight.

• Ensure that the rated load capacity of the hoist, or any sling or fitting is not exceeded.

Know the weight of the object being lifted or use a dynamometer or load cell to determine the weight.

• Avoid side pulls. These can cause the hoist rope to slip out of the drum groove, damaging the rope or destabilizing the crane or hoist.

• To prevent shock loading, avoid sudden stops or starts. Shock loading can occur when a suspended load is accelerated or decelerated, and can overload the crane or hoist. When completing an upward or downward motion, ease the load slowly to a stop.

Rigging:

• Only select rigging equipment that is in good condition. All rigging equipment shall be inspected annually; defective equipment is to be removed from service and destroyed to prevent inadvertent reuse. The load capacity limits shall be stamped or affixed to all rigging components.

• (Insert Company Name) policy requires a minimum safety factor of 5 to be maintained for wire rope slings. The following types of slings shall be rejected or destroyed:

o Nylon slings with:

Abnormal wear. Torn stitching. Broken or cut fibers. Discoloration or deterioration.

o Wire-rope slings with Kinking, crushing, bird caging, or other distortions. Evidence of heat damage. Cracks, deformation, or worn end attachments. Six randomly broken wires in a single rope lay. Three broken wires in one strand of rope.

o Hooks opened more than 15% at the throat. o Hooks twisted sideways more than 10 deg. from the plane of the unbent hook. o Alloy steel chain slings with:

Cracked, bent, or elongated links or components. Cracked hooks. Shackles, eye bolts, turnbuckles, or other components that is damaged or

deformed.

Rigging a Load: Do the following when rigging a load:

• Ensure a qualified rigger is rigging the load.

• Determine the weight of the load. Do not guess.

• Determine the proper size for slings and components.

• Do not use manila rope for rigging. • Make sure that shackle pins and shouldered eyebolts are installed in accordance with

the manufacturer's recommendations. • Use safety hoist rings (swivel eyes) as a preferred substitute for eye bolts wherever

possible.

• Pad sharp edges to protect slings. Remember that machinery foundations or angle-iron edges may not feel sharp to the touch but could cut into rigging when under several tons of load. Wood, tire rubber, or other pliable materials may be suitable for padding.

• Do not use slings, eyebolts, shackles, or hooks that have been cut, welded, or brazed.

• Determine the center of gravity and balance the load before moving it.

• Initially lift the load only a few inches to test the rigging and balance.

Signaling:

• Any crane signaling of loads not in full sight of the operator shall be performed by a qualified signal person. Documentation should be available at the jobsite.

• Signals to the operator shall be in accordance with the standard ANSI hand signals

unless voice communications equipment (telephone, radio, or equivalent) is used. Signals shall be discernible or audible at all times. Some special operations may require addition to or modification of the basic signals. For all such cases, these special signals shall be agreed upon and thoroughly understood by both the person giving the signals and the operator, and shall not be in conflict with the standard signals.

• Whenever a pick is being made over power lines an additional signaler needs to be put

in place strictly for monitoring the required clearance distance from the power lines.

Electrical Crane Safety:

• Depending on how the crane is being operated can make a difference as to the distance that must be maintained from energized power lines. The following charts explain what the required clearance distances from energized power lines is when the crane is operational as well as while it is in transit.

Table A – Minimum Clearance Distances (while crane is operational)

Table T – Required Distance while Traveling under Power Lines

Voltage (nominal, kV alternating current)

Minimum Clearence Distance while Traveling

(feet) Up to .75 Kv 4

Over .75 to 50 Kv 6 Over 50 to 345 Kv 10

Over 345 to 750 Kv 16 Over 750 to 1000 Kv 20

Voltage (nominal, kV alternating current)

Minimum Clearance Distance (feet)

Up to 50 Kv 10 Over 50 to 200 Kv 15

Over 200 to 350 Kv 20 Over 350 to 500 Kv 25 Over 500 to750 Kv 35

Over 750 to 1000 kV 45

Over 1000 Kv

(as established by the utility owner/operator or

registered professional engineer who is a qualified

person with respect to electrical power transmission and

distribution Note: The value that follows

"to" is up to and including that value. For example over 50 to 200 means up to and

including 200kV.

Conveyors:

• The use of conveyors to transport and remove materials to and from the roof can be a useful tool. The following requirements must be adhered to when operating a conveyor on the jobsite.

o Employees loading or off-loading materials from a conveyor are performing work in a material hoisting area and therefore must be protected against all fall hazards by the use of a guardrail system or a personal fall arrest system

o A barricade must be erected on the ground surrounding the conveyor to prevent unauthorized access and the exposure to overhead hazards.

o Materials which could spill or be knocked over shall not be placed on a conveyor.

o A conveyor shall never be erected within 10 feet of energized power lines.

o Guards shall be in place around all gears, sprockets, chains, etc. to protect employees against pinch hazards.

o All conveyors shall be equipped with an alarm to notify employees prior to the motor starting.

o An emergency stop switch must be in place, working and easily accessible to the employee operating the conveyor.

o Employees are never permitted to ride a conveyor.

o If the conveyor in not working properly it must be tagged out of service and repairs made by a qualified mechanic.

Hoists/Roof Mounted Hoists:

• Any employee using a hoist while exposed to a fall hazard 6 feet or greater shall be protected at all times by either a guardrail system or personal fall arrest system. This includes hoisting materials or tools to the roof by use of a rope. Prior to any hoist being used the employee(s) responsible for operating it shall be sufficiently trained on the manufacturer’s operating procedures. Additionally the following requirements shall be adhered to by all employees operating or working with a hoist.

o Employees shall never stand underneath a suspended load. o Employees shall wear the proper PPE as required. o Employees shall keep clear of moving parts at all times. o Employees shall only be permitted to operate a hoist which they have received

training on.

Introduction:

• The Forklift Operation Program addresses the operation of all powered industrial trucks / forklifts. The program will establish or maintain safe, productive operators and to achieve less property damage, lower maintenance costs, and increased safe practices. The program covers rules for safe operation, training requirements, equipment inspection procedures and maintenance.

• All operators will be involved in the program. An operator is considered any employee that uses a powered industrial truck. The use of powered industrial trucks is covered under OSHA standard 29 CFR 1910.178. The rule applies to all industries in which powered industrial trucks are being used with the exception of agricultural operations. This program outlines the requirements of the standard.

Contents:

• Responsibilities o Executive Management o Managers/Supervisors o Operators

• Forklift Operating Guidelines

• Training

o Training Program Content o Workplace-Related Topics o Refresher Training & Evaluation o Avoidance of Duplicative Training

• Inspection Requirements

o Daily Shift Inspections o Distribution of Inspection Checklist

• Appendix A – Inspection Checklist

S12 – Forklift Safety

Responsibilities:

Executive Management:

• Demonstrate commitment to the program through communication of safe work practices and allotment of reasonable funding and time for training and equipment purchases and maintenance of equipment.

Managers/Supervisors:

• Ensure personnel are trained and certified operators before they are authorized to drive forklift trucks.

• Ensure that the daily inspection of each forklift is completed accurately at the start of

each shift by performing spot inspections and reviewing the documents.

• Enforce the fork truck operational rules by taking the necessary corrective action including discipline for operators who do not follow safe operational practices.

• Immediately remove from service any vehicle which is unsafe to operate; such as

defective service brakes, steering, sudden defective hoist mechanisms. If item is questionable, do not operate until assistance is obtained.

• Ensure training records are current. Training records must include a copy of the participants test, hands on checklist and certification certificate

• Periodically audit rule compliance, including daily operator inspections, and inform

affected supervision and Safety Department of the results found.

Operators:

• Follow all safe operating procedures at all times.

• Conduct pre-shift inspections and immediately report any mechanical to maintenance.

• Immediately report any incidents or accidents involving the use of powered industrial trucks to the supervisor.

• Comply with all aspects of OSHA regulations pertaining to safe operations of powered industrial

trucks, as reviewed and trained on as part of certification.

Forklift Operating Guidelines:

1. Only trained and authorized operators will be permitted to operate a forklift truck. Methods will be devised to train operators in the safe operation of forklift trucks.

2. Forklift trucks will not be driven up to anyone standing in front of a bench or other fixed

object.

3. No person is allowed to stand or pass under the elevated portion of any truck, whether loaded or empty.

4. Personnel, other than operator, will not be permitted to ride on forklift trucks.

5. The employer will prohibit arms or legs from being placed between the uprights of the

mast or outside the running lines of the truck.

6. When a forklift truck is left unattended, load engaging means will be fully lowered, controls placed in neutral, power shut off and brakes set.

7. A forklift truck is unattended when the operator is 25 feet or more away from the truck

which remains in his view, or whenever the operator leaves the truck and it is not in his view.

8. When the operator of a forklift truck is dismounted and within 25 feet of the truck still

in his view, the load engaging means will be fully lowered, controls neutralized and the brakes set to prevent movement.

9. A safe distance will be maintained from the edge of ramps or platforms while on any

elevated dock, or platform or freight car.

10. Forklift trucks will not be used for opening or closing freight car doors.

11. The lift truck operator must verify trailer chocks, supports and dock plates prior to performing any loading/unloading procedures.

12. Fixed jacks may be necessary to support a semi-trailer during loading or unloading when

the trailer is not coupled to a tractor.

13. The flooring of trucks, trailers and railroad cards will be checked for openings, cracks, and weakness before they are driven onto.

14. Sufficient headroom space must be maintained under overhead installations, lights,

pipes, sprinkler system, etc.

15. An overhead guard is used as protection against falling objects. However, an overhead

guard is intended to offer protection from the impact of small packages, boxes, bagged materials, etc., representative of the job application, but not to withstand the impact of falling capacity load.

16. A load backrest extension will be used whenever necessary to minimize the possibility of

the load or part of it from falling rearward towards the operator.

17. Only approved industrial trucks will be used in hazardous locations.

18. Whenever a truck is equipped with vertical only, or vertical and horizontal controls elevatable with the lifting carriage or forks for lifting personnel, the following additional precautions will be taken for the protection of personnel being elevated:

a. Use of a safety platform firmly secured to the lifting carriage and/or forks. b. Means will be provided whereby personnel on the platform can shut off power

to the truck. c. Such protection from falling objects as indicated necessary by the operating

conditions will be provided.

19. Fire aisles, access to stairways and fire equipment will be kept clear and free of obstructions.

20. All traffic regulations will be observed, including authorize plant speed limits.

21. A safe distance will be maintained approximately three truck lengths from the truck

ahead and the truck will be kept under control at all times.

22. The right of way will be yielded to ambulances, fire trucks or other vehicles in emergency situations.

23. Other trucks traveling in the same direction at intersections, blind spots or other

dangerous locations will not be passed. They must slow down and proceed with caution.

24. The forklift operator is required to slow down, sound the horn and proceed with caution

at cross aisles and other locations where vision is obstructed.

25. When the load being carried obstructs forward view, the driver shall be required to travel with the load trailing.

26. Railroad tracks will be cross diagonally wherever possible.

27. Parking closer than 8 feet from the center of railroad tracks is prohibited.

28. The driver will be required to look in the direction of, and keep a clear view of the path of travel.

29. Grades will be ascended or descended slowly.

30. When ascending or descending grades in excess of 10 percent, loaded trucks will be

driven with the load upgrade.

31. On all grades, the load and load engaging means will be tilted back if applicable, and raised only as far as necessary to clear the floor/road surface.

32. Under all travel conditions, the operator will have full control of the truck and operate

at a speed that will permit it to be brought to a stop in a safe manner.

33. Stunt driving and horseplay is not permitted.

34. The driver will be required to slow down and proceed with caution on wet and slippery floors.

35. Dock board or bridge plates will be properly secured before they are driven over.

36. Dock board or bridge plates will be driven over carefully and slowly and their rated

capacity never exceeded.

37. Elevators will be approached slowly and then entered squarely after the elevator car is properly leveled. Once on the elevator, the controls will be neutralized, power shut off and the brakes set.

38. Motorized hand trucks must enter elevator or other confined areas with load end

forward.

39. Running over loose objects on the floor/roadway surface is to be avoided.

40. While negotiating turns, speed will be reduced to a safe operating level by means of turning the hand steering wheel in a smooth, sweeping motion. Except when maneuvering at a very low speed, the hand steering wheel will be turned at a moderate, even rate

41. Only stable or safely arranged loads will be handled. Caution will be exercised when

handling off-center loads which cannot be centered.

42. Only loads within the rated capacity of the truck will be handled.

43. The long or high (including multiple-tiered) loads which may affect capacity will be

adjusted.

44. Trucks equipped with attachments will be operated as partially loaded trucks when not handling a load.

45. The load engaging means/forks will be placed under the load as far as possible; the mast

will be carefully tilted backward to stabilize the load.

46. Extreme care will be used when tilting the load forward or backward, particularly when high tiering. Tilting forward with load engaging means elevated will be prohibited except to pick up a load.

47. An elevated load will not be tiled forward except when the load is in a deposit position

over a rack or stack.

48. When stacking or tiering, only enough backward tilt to stabilize the load will be used.

49. If at any time, a forklift truck is found to be in need of repair, defective or in any way unsafe; the truck will be removed from service until it has been restored to a safe operating condition.

Training:

• All powered industrial truck operators shall receive training before performing any operations using any lift trucks by a qualified instructor.

• Training shall consist of a combination of formal instruction (lecture, discussion, interactive computer learning, videotape or written material) and practical training (demonstrations performed by the trainer and practical exercises performed by the trainee) and evaluation of the operators’ performance in the workplace. An evaluation of each operator’s performance shall be conducted at least once every three years.

• The following training topics will be included in the training:

Training Program Content: Powered industrial truck operators shall receive initial training in the following topics, except in those topics that the employer can demonstrate are not applicable to safe operation of the truck in the employer’s workplace:

• Operating instructions, warnings, and precautions for the types of truck the operator will be authorized to operate and any other precautions listed in the operator’s manual.

• Differences between the truck and the automobile.

• Truck controls and instrumentation.

• Engine or motor operation.

• Steering and maneuvering.

• Visibility (including restrictions due to loading).

• Form and attachment adaptation, operation, and use limitations.

• Vehicle capacity.

• Vehicle stability.

• Any vehicle inspection and maintenance that the operator will be required to perform.

• Refueling and/or charging and recharging of batteries.

• Operating limitations.

• Balancer & Counterbalances. Workplace-Related Topics:

• Surface conditions where the vehicle will be operated. • Composition of loads to be carried and load stability.

• Load manipulation, stacking and unstacking.

• Pedestrian traffic in areas where the vehicle will be operated.

• Narrow aisles and other restricted places where the vehicle will be operated.

• Hazardous (classified) locations where the vehicle will be operated.

• Ramps and other sloped surfaces that could affect the vehicle’s stability.

• Closed environments and other areas where insufficient ventilation or poor vehicle maintenance could cause a build-up of carbon monoxide or diesel exhaust.

• Other unique or potentially hazardous environmental conditions in the workplace that

could affect safe operation. Refresher Training & Evaluation: Refresher training, including an evaluation of the effectiveness of that training, shall be conducted at least every three years or as required to ensure that the operator has the knowledge and skills needed to operate the powered industrial truck safely. Refresher training in relevant topics shall be provided to the operator when:

• The operator has been observed to operate the vehicle in an unsafe manner.

• The operator has been involved in an accident or near-miss incident.

• The operator has received an evaluation that reveals that the operator is not operating the truck safely.

• The operator is assigned to drive a different type of truck.

• A condition in the workplace changes in a manner that could affect safe operation of the

truck. Avoidance of Duplicative Training: If an operator has previously received training in appropriate topics and such training is appropriate to the truck and current working conditions, additional training in that topic is not required if the operator has been evaluated and found competent to operate the truck safely. Certification: The employer shall certify that each operator has been trained and evaluated as required. The certification shall include the name of the operator, the date of the training, the date of the evaluation, and the identity of the person(s) performing the training or evaluation.

Inspection Requirements: Daily Shift Inspections: At the start of a shift, operators shall conduct a forklift inspection and complete the inspection checklist. A copy of the inspection checklist is attached. The operator prints in the "needs attention" column any condition found not to be in good condition. All acceptable items are indicated by a check mark in "OK" column. The supervisor signs each report and adds any additional remarks as necessary in the "Remarks" column to make the report accurate and acknowledged. Any vehicle found with defective service brakes, defective steering, sudden defective hoist, or fuel leak shall be taken out of service immediately. Distribution of inspection checklist: Good condition - no repairs needed:

• Operator keeps it on forklift in folder within vehicle. Turn it into Supervisor when folder is full or to get additional inspection checklists.

Repairs needed:

• Operator keeps it on forklift in folder within vehicle.

• Immediately notify Supervisor of needed repairs. NOTE: At completion of repairs, a new inspection and checklist must be completed by the operator.

DO NOT OPERATE AN UNSAFE LIFT TRUCK

INSPECTION CHECKLIST Truck ID#________________ Make ________________Date _________________ Shift ________________ Hour meter reading: Start: __________ End __________ Hours for shift ______________

Place an O.K. in the correct columns if the item is without defect.

ITEM Start of Shift

During Shift

End of Shift

Specific comments if not O.K.

Lights

Tires

Brakes

Horn

Hour meter & gauges

Steering

Hydraulic controls

Other:

If applicable:

Battery connections

Charge

Fuel level

Oil level & pressure

Water level

Fan belt

Other:

OVERALL REMARKS: ___________________________________________________ DEFECTS REPORTED TO: ________________________________________________ OPERATOR’S SIGNATURE: ______________________________________________

DO NOT OPERATE AN UNSAFE LIFT TRUCK

Forklift Safety Loading: • Know what you are loading—review the

safety data sheets (SDSs) for all hazardous materials.

• Assure the load is within the forklift’s load capacity, centered, and secure.

• Adjust the tines as wide apart as possible.

• Approach the load slowly and straight on.

• Load as close to the front wheels as possible.

• Keep the mast vertical until the load is resting against the backrest.

Lifting: • Lift the load high enough to clear the surface.

• Tilt the mast back.

• Check the load for stability.

• Check for other traffic prior to moving.

• Do not attach slings, cables, or chains to forks to lift objects beneath them.

Forklift Safety

Determine load weight: • First, check shipping documentation

for the total load weight.

• If the total load weight is not available, then check individual item weight or refer to weights and measures standards to determine individual item weight.

• Multiply individual item weight by the number of items. For example, a pallet of 100 bags of concrete weighing 50 lbs. each weighs a total of 5,000 lbs.

Determine load capacity: • Check the data or name plate on the

forklift for the stated weight capacity and load center.

• If the load center is exceeded, reduce the weight of the load according to the forklift manufacturer’s directions.

• If the load is irregularly shaped, has unbalanced weight distribution, or is not centered on the forks, the load capacity may be reduced. Check the manufacturer’s directions.

Power Tool Safety basics:

• Must be UL approved or double insulated.

• Do not carry it by its cord or trigger.

• Always use a GFCI safety outlet.

• Electrical cords must be maintained and inspected regularly.

• Power tools must bel maintained and properly treated.

• Disconnect electrical cords when servicing or changing bits and blades.

• Always use properly working guards.

Introduction:

• Employees who use tools shall be properly trained to use, adjust, store and maintain tools properly. In accordance with the (Insert Company Name) Personal Protective Equipment Policy, employees who use hand and power tools, or are exposed to the hazards of falling, flying, abrasive and splashing objects, or exposed to harmful dusts, fumes, mists, vapors, or gases shall be provided with the particular personal protective equipment necessary to protect them from the hazard.

• To minimize the unsafe conditions and unsafe acts, employees shall be responsible for the following safe work practices.

o Keep all tools in good condition with regular maintenance.

o Use the right tool for the job.

o Examine each tool for damage before use.

o Operate according to the manufacturer's instructions.

o Provide and use the proper protective equipment.

Contents: o Hand Tools

o Power Tool Precautions

o Guards

o Electric Power Tool Safety Precautions

o Powder-Actuated Tools

o Powder-Actuated Tool Fasteners

o Pneumatic Tools

o Power Abrasive Grinding Wheels

o Hydraulic Power Tools

S13 – Hand & Power Tool Safety

Hand Tools: • Appropriate personal protective equipment, e.g., safety goggles, gloves, etc., should

be worn due to hazards that may be encountered while using portable power tools and hand tools.

• Floors shall be kept as clean and dry as possible to prevent accidental slips with or around dangerous hand tools.

• Around flammable substances, sparks produced by iron and steel hand tools can be a dangerous ignition source. Where this hazard exists, spark-resistant tools made from brass, plastic, aluminum, or wood will provide for safety.

Power Tool Precautions: The following general precautions should be observed by power tool users:

• Never carry a tool by the cord or hose.

• Never yank the cord or the hose to disconnect it from the receptacle.

• Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil, and sharp edges.

• Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing, and when changing accessories such as blades, bits and cutters.

• All observers should be kept at a safe distance away from the work area.

• Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both hands to operate the tool.

• Avoid accidental starting. The worker should not hold a finger on the switch button while carrying a plugged-in tool.

• Tools should be maintained with care. They should be kept sharp and clean for the best performance. Follow instructions in the user's manual for lubricating and changing accessories.

• Be sure to keep good footing and maintain good balance.

• The proper apparel should be worn. Loose clothing, ties, or jewelry can become caught in moving parts.

• All portable electric tools that are damaged shall be removed from use and tagged "Do Not Use."

Guards: • Hazardous moving parts of a power tool need to be safeguarded. For example, belts,

gears, shafts, pulleys, sprockets, spindles, drums, fly wheels, chains, or other reciprocating, rotating, or moving parts of equipment must be guarded.

• Guards, as necessary, should be provided to protect the operator and others from the following:

o point of operation,

o in-running nip points,

o rotating parts, and

o flying chips and sparks.

• Safety guards must never be removed when a tool is being used. For example, portable circular saws must be equipped with guards. An upper guard must cover the entire blade of the saw. A retractable lower guard must cover the teeth of the saw, except when it makes contact with the work material. The lower guard must automatically return to the covering position when the tool is withdrawn from the work.

Electric Power Tool General Safety Practices: • Electric tools should be operated within their design limitations.

• Gloves and safety footwear are recommended during use of electric tools.

• When not in use, tools should be stored in a dry place.

• Electric tools should not be used in damp or wet locations.

• Work areas should be well lighted.

Powder-Actuated Tool Safety: • Only trained employees may operate a Powder Actuated Tool.

• These tools should not be used in an explosive or flammable atmosphere.

• Before using the tool, the worker should inspect it to determine that it is clean, that all moving parts operate freely, and that the barrel is free from obstructions.

• The tool should never be pointed at anybody.

• The tool should not be loaded unless it is to be used immediately. A loaded tool should not be left unattended, especially where it would be available to unauthorized persons.

• Hands should be kept clear of the barrel end. To prevent the tool from firing accidentally, two separate motions are required for firing: one to bring the tool into position, and another to pull the trigger. The tools must not be able to operate until they are pressed against the work surface with a force of at least 5 pounds greater than the total weight of the tool.

• If a powder-actuated tool misfires, the employee should wait at least 30 seconds, and then try firing it again. If it still will not fire, the user should wait another 30 seconds so that the faulty cartridge is less likely to explode, than carefully remove the load. The bad cartridge should be put in water.

• Suitable eye and face protection are essential when using a powder-actuated tool.

• The muzzle end of the tool must have a protective shield or guard centered perpendicularly on the barrel to confine any flying fragments or particles that might otherwise create a hazard when the tool is fired. The tool must be designed so that it will not fire unless it has this kind of safety device.

• All powder-actuated tools must be designed for varying powder charges so that the user can select a powder level necessary to do the work without excessive force.

• If the tool develops a defect during use it should be tagged and taken out of service immediately until it is properly repaired.

Powder-Actuated Tool Fasteners: • When using powder-actuated tools to apply fasteners, there are some precautions

to consider.

• Fasteners must not be fired into material that would let them pass through to the other side.

• The fastener must not be driven into materials like brick or concrete any closer than 3 inches to an edge or corner.

• In steel, the fastener must not come any closer than one-half inch from a corner or edge. Fasteners must not be driven into very hard or brittle materials which might chip or splatter, or make the fastener ricochet.

Pneumatic Tools:

• Pneumatic tools are powered by compressed air and include chippers, drills, hammers, and sanders. There are several dangers encountered in the use of pneumatic tools. The main one is the danger of getting hit by one of the tool's attachments or by some kind of fastener the worker is using with the tool.

• Eye protection is required and face protection is recommended for employees working with pneumatic tools.

• Working with noisy tools such as jackhammers requires proper, effective use of hearing protection.

• When using pneumatic tools, employees are to check to see that they are fastened securely to the hose to prevent them from becoming disconnected. A short wire or positive locking device attaching the air hose to the tool will serve as an added safeguard.

• A safety clip or retainer must be installed to prevent attachments, such as chisels on a chipping hammer, from being unintentionally shot from the barrel.

• Screens must be set up to protect nearby workers from being struck by flying fragments

around chippers, riveting guns, staplers, or air drills.

• Compressed air guns should never be pointed toward anyone. Users should never "dead-end" it against themselves or anyone else.

Power Abrasive Grinding Wheels:

• Powered abrasive grinding, cutting, polishing, and wire buffing wheels create special safety problems because they may throw off flying fragments.

• Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be inspected closely to be sure that it is free from cracks or defects. If they are cracked, they could fly apart during operation.

• To prevent the wheel from cracking, the user should be sure it fits freely on the spindle.

The spindle nut must be tightened enough to hold the wheel in place, without distorting the flange. Follow the manufacturer's recommendations. Care must be taken to assure that the spindle wheel will not exceed the abrasive wheel specifications.

• Due to the possibility of a wheel disintegrating (exploding) during start-up, the

employee should never stand directly in front of the wheel as it accelerates to full operating speed.

• Portable grinding tools need to be equipped with safety guards to protect workers not

only from the moving wheel surface, but also from flying fragments in case of breakage.

• Powered Grinder Safety Precautions o Always use eye & face protection. Safety glasses and a face shield are

mandatory when using abrasive grinding wheels. o Turn off the power when not in use. o Never clamp a hand-held grinder in a vise.

Hydraulic Power Tools:

• The fluid used in hydraulic power tools must be an approved fire-resistant fluid and must retain its operating characteristics at the most extreme temperatures to which it will be exposed. The manufacturer's recommended safe operating pressure for hoses, valves, pipes, filters, and other fittings must not be exceeded.

• All jacks - lever and ratchet jacks, screw jacks, and hydraulic jacks - must have a device that stops them from jacking up too high. Also, the manufacturer's load limit must be permanently marked in a prominent place on the jack and should not be exceeded.

• A jack should never be used to support a lifted load. Once the load has been lifted, it

must immediately be blocked up.

• Use wooden blocking under the base if necessary to make the jack level and secure. If the lift surface is metal, place a 1-inch-thick hardwood block or equivalent between it and the metal jack head to reduce the danger of slippage.

• To set up a jack, make certain of the following:

o the base rests on a firm level surface, o the jack is correctly centered, o the jack head bears against a level surface, and o the lift force is applied evenly.

• Proper maintenance of jacks is essential for safety. All jacks must be inspected before

each use and lubricated regularly. If a jack is subjected to an abnormal load or shock, it should be thoroughly examined to make sure it has not been damaged.

• Hydraulic jacks exposed to freezing temperatures must be filled with adequate antifreeze liquid.

CONFINED SPACE OPERATIONS

Introduction:

Occasionally in our work, we may encounter confined spaces. Confined space work requires special safety precautions to ensure that employees are not overcome by dangerous air contaminants or oxygen deficiency. In some cases, there may be fire or explosion hazards in confined spaces that do not exist in open areas. Many workers have been killed or seriously injured in confined spaces. To avoid this, employees must adhere to the following rules. This section prescribes minimum standards for preventing employee exposure to dangerous air contamination and/or oxygen deficiency in confined spaces. In some cases, extra precautions may be necessary. As always, if you are unsure, ask for assistance.

Definitions • A confined space has the following properties:

o Large enough for personnel entry o Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit o Is not designed for continuous occupancy

Examples are pits, vaults, tanks, sewers systems, and hoppers.

• A non-permit space is a confined space that does not present any potential hazards, nor will the work performed therein create a hazardous condition.

• A permit-required space is a confined space that may present one or more potential

hazards including hazardous atmospheres, fire/explosion, engulfment, entrapment, electrical, mechanical, or any other serious hazard. It is advised that the Permit approach be used for all confined space work as a means to evaluate and properly control hazards present.

Permit-required confined space hazards include risks of falls, crushing, asphyxiation, fire, explosion, chemical exposure, engulfment, drowning, electrocution, or dismemberment.

• Entry: occurs whenever any body part crosses the plane of entry of the space when the

intent is to enter.

S14 – Confined Space Operations

• Alternative Procedures: The OSHA regulations allow permit spaces which, have as their only hazard, an actual or potential hazardous atmosphere to use alternative procedures for entry. These alternative procedures do not require the implementation of a full PRCS program.

1.0 POLICY (Insert Company Name) is committed to provide safe and healthful work environment for our entire staff. In pursuit of this endeavor, the following written program is in place to first identify any Permit-Required Confined Spaces (PRCS) and to eliminate or control hazards associated with PRCS operations. This program is in accordance with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Permit-Required Confined Spaces Standard, Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations 1910.146. 2.0 RESPONSIBILITIES

• (Name of person or position), Program Administrator, is responsible for the overall implementation and maintenance of any written program or any certification concerning the requirements of the Permit-Required Confined Space Standard at our facility or jobsites.

• Each foreman is responsible to notify (Program Administrator) if a confined space is

recognized on the jobsite.

• (Name of person or position) will be responsible for determining if a PRCS program is required, or if the permit space can be classified as non-permit space. Appendix A – Flow Chart - shall be used for this purpose.

• Program Administrator will serve as or assign an Entry Supervisor for all PRCS entries. The Entry Supervisor will be responsible for completing the entry Permit (Appendix B) as well as the remaining responsibilities listed within this document.

• Training

o (Name of person or position) is responsible for ensuring that all personnel are trained to recognize confined spaces and are aware of the hazards of confined spaces. In addition, all those who are required to enter confined spaces must be trained pursuant to this program and OSHA regulations. Personnel who may be included are any authorized entrants, attendants, entry supervisors, on-site rescue team members, and employees who may potentially enter the space.

• Equipment

o (Name of person or position) will ensure that all equipment needed for safe entry into

any permit spaces and non-permit spaces and is available and in proper working order.

3.0 PERSONNEL, DUTIES AND TRAINING FOR PRCS ENTRY OPERATIONS

• Entry into any PRCS where a PRCS program is mandated will require a specially trained and equipped team. Each team will consist of:

Entry Supervisor Authorized entrant(s) Attendant Rescue Personnel

• Each member of the team will receive initial and annual refresher training. The training

will be specific for the duties of each team member and include the procedures and practices necessary to protect them from the dangers of the permit space.

• The training program will include the duties of each team member as listed below: Authorized Entrants

Know the hazards associated with the permit space and their effects. Properly use the equipment required for entry. Maintain a continuous means of communication with the attendant. Alert the attendant in the event of an emergency. Evacuate the space if an emergency occurs.

Attendants

Know the hazards associated with the permit space and their effects. Maintain an accurate account of the authorized entrants. Remain at their assigned station until relieved by another attendant or until the

permit space entry is complete. Monitor conditions in and around the permit space. Summon rescue and applicable medical services in the event of an emergency. Perform non-entry rescue procedures. Perform appropriate measures to prevent unauthorized personnel from entering

the permit space.

Entry Supervisors

Know the hazards associated with the permit space and their effects. Verify that the safeguards required by the permit have been implemented. Verify that rescue services are available. Cancel the written permit and terminate the permit space entry when required. Remove personnel who are not authorized to enter the permit space during entry

operations. Periodically, determine that the entry operation is being performed in a manner consistent with the requirements of the permit space entry procedures and that acceptable entry conditions are maintained.

Rescue Personnel

Must receive the training required of authorized entrants. Know the proper use of all personal protective equipment and rescue equipment

necessary to enable them to enter and perform rescue operations. Must practice making permit space rescues at least once every twelve months. Must be trained in basic first aid and in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). At

least one member must hold current certification in first aid and CPR. Off-site rescue services must have access to permit spaces as necessary for those

rescuers to develop an appropriate rescue plan. • Permit Required Confined Space (PRCS) Program Training If a permit-required confined space program is required, training is needed on the following topics:

Types of confined space hazards. Components of the written PRCS program. Components of the entry permit system. Components of the hot work permit. Atmospheric testing equipment including its uses, calibration, and maintenance. Atmospheric testing protocol:

o Oxygen, combustibles, toxics o Before entry, frequent or continuous testing o Check all levels of the space.

Methods for the control or elimination of any atmospheric hazards: o Inerting o Draining and rinsing o Purging and cleaning.

Procedures the employees must follow if they detect a hazard. The evaluation process to be used for entry if hazards are detected. Train employees on the use of entry equipment (e.g. ladders, communication

devices, etc). Personal protective equipment which may be required:

o Full body harness o Respiratory protection o Chemical protective clothing o Eye and face protection.

Personnel and their responsibilities: o Authorized entrant o Attendant o Entry supervisor

On-site or Off-site rescue: o Rescue Plan o Basic first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation certification o Full body harness with retrieval line attached to mechanical retrieval

device.

Any other information necessary to ensure employee safety during a permit space entry operation.

Documentation of the training.

Appendix A: Confined Space Entry Flow Chart This flow chart shall be used to determine if a confined space must be classified as permit-required or not.

Appendix B: Confined Space Permit

DATE: Click here to enter text. SITE LOCATION and DESCRIPTION: Click here to enter text. Time Issued/ Expires: Click here to enter text. (PERMIT VALID FOR 8 HOURS ONLY). ALL COPIES OF PERMIT WILL REMAIN AT JOB SITE UNTIL JOB IS COMPLETED PURPOSE OF ENTRY: Click here to enter text. HAZARDS THAT WORK IN SPACE CAN CREATE: Click here to enter text. SUPERVISOR(S) in charge of crews: SUPERVISOR(S) phone number(s): REQUIREMENTS TO BE COMPLETED, REVIEWED, AND VERIFIED PRIOR TO ENTRY (list n/a under date/time if not applicable) REQUIREMENTS COMPLETED _Yes/No/NA TIME________WHO_____________ Lock Out/De-energize/Tag-out Line(s) Broken-Capped-Blanked Purge-Flush and Ventilation Secure Area (Post and Flag) Breathing Apparatus Attendant(s) Present/Trained: Entrant(s) Present/Trained: Rescue Safety Planned All Involved Current on Training Full Body Harness w/"D" ring Hoisting & Emergency Escape Retrieval Equipment

Appendix B: Confined Space Permit (continued) REQUIREMENTS COMPLETED _____Yes/No/NA TIME________WHO_______ Fire Extinguishers Lighting (Explosive Proof) Protective Clothing Respirator(s) Specified Hot Work/ Burning and Welding Permit All Other Hazards Addressed:

COMMUNICATION PROCEDURES:

RESCUE PROCEDURES (PHONE NUMBERS AT BOTTOM): Rescue Personnel:

Appendix B: Confined Space Permit (continued) Atmospheric Tests (all areas & levels)

Oxygen %*

Explosive % Lower Flammable Limit (LFL) <10% Required

Toxic ppm/ mg/m3 (less than OSHA & ACGIH Req’d.)

Time Tester's signature (validating calibration, test results, and ventilation)

Initial Checks Result Result Result Result Result

After Isolation And Ventilation

Result Result Result Result Result

Continuous Atmospheric Test

Result Result Result Result Result

Continuous Atmospheric Test

Result Result Result Result Result

Continuous Atmospheric Test

Result Result Result Result Result

Continuous Atmospheric Test

Result Result Result Result Result

Continuous Atmospheric Test

Result Result Result Result Result

Continuous Atmospheric Test

Result Result Result Result Result

Continuous Atmospheric Test

Result Result Result Result Result

Continuous Atmospheric Test

Result Result Result Result Result

Continuous Atmospheric Test

Result Result Result Result Result

*- ambient air at sea level has about 20.9% oxygen. Greater than (>)19.5% is required for entry but NOTE; if there is less than 20.9% oxygen, there is another gas or vapor present that needs to be identified and quantified Testing Equipment Used: Click here to enter text. Calibration Date and Time: Click here to enter text. / Click here to enter text. By: Click here to enter text. We have reviewed the work under this permit and the information contained herein. Written instructions and safety procedures have been received and are understood.

Appendix B: Confined Space Permit (continued) Entrants(s): (print)

Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text.

Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text.

Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text.

Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text.

Attendant(s): (print)

Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text.

Click here to enter text. Click here to enter text.

I Certify that the requirement of this confined space entry permit have been met and authorize entry into the confined space to which this permit applies. This permit is not valid unless all appropriate items are completed. Authorization Signature/ Time/ Date

Stand-by Person: (Print) Click here to enter text.

Entry Supervisor: (print) Click here to enter text.

Relief Entry Supervisor: (print) Click here to enter text.

Permit Cancelation Date/ Time/ Reason: Click here to enter text.

Confined Spaces Attendant Duties:

Attendants are stationed outside permit-required confined spaces, and they perform the following duties:

• Attending pre-entry briefings.

• Evaluating and knowing the hazards of the space.

• Controlling access to the space.

• Taking action with unauthorized entrants.

• Monitoring and maintaining communication with entrants.

• Maintaining accountability of entrants.

• Remaining outside until relieved.

Restrictions:

• Enter only if allowed by permit, if trained, and if equipped.

• Do not enter in an emergency—summon rescue personnel.

• Do not perform other duties while on watch.

Confined Spaces Entrant duties: • Attend pre-entry briefings. • Know the hazards.

• Follow permit requirements.

• Use equipment properly.

• Communicate with the attendant.

• Alert the attendant to danger.

• Exit the space when danger is recognized or

when ordered to by the attendant.

Confined Spaces

Supervisor duties: • Understand the hazards and

needed controls.

• Verify permit completion.

• Understand the required tests and the accuracy of the monitoring equipment.

• Assure that required procedures and equipment are in place.

• Assure rescue team availability and capability.

• Enforce unauthorized entry.

• Prior to entry, brief all attendants and entrants on hazards and precautions.

Confined Space Entry Quiz

Question 1: Confined spaces are defined as: A. Large enough for entry and work. B. Containing at least 3 walls. C. Designed for continuous occupancy. D. Multiple entries and exits.

Question 2: Which of the following is not considered a confined space?

A. Utility closet B. Storage vault C. Small office D. Chemical storage tank

Question 3: Employees do not need to be trained prior to entering a confined space. A. True B. False

Question 4: The attendant is responsible for: A. Performing CPR as needed. B. Performing training for all employees. C. Assessing the hazards of the confined space. D. Assigning job duties.

Question 5: Entrant must attend a pre-entry meeting and know the hazards associated with the confined space. A. True B. False

Confined Space Entry Quiz

Question 6: The employer is responsible for: A. Providing training. B. Rescuing entrant. C. Assure employees understanding of hazards in the confined space. D. A & C only. E. None of the above.

Question 7: Confined space entry permits must: A. Be posted at the entrance to the space. B. Be signed by the supervisor. C. Included relevant testing data. D. List additional required equipment. E. All of the above. Question 8: Permits may be disposed of at the end of the work day. A. True B. False

Question 9: Confined space atmospheric testing must be conducted in the following order: A. Flammable gases or vapors, oxygen, toxic gases or vapors. B. Oxygen, flammable gases or vapors, toxic gases or vapors. C. Flammable gases or vapors, toxic gases or vapors, oxygen. D. Order does not matter.

Question 10: Hydrogen sulfide is lighter than air and therefore is concern in the top of a confined space. A. True B. False

Confined Space Entry Quiz

Question 11: Combustible gas concentrations must be below ________ of the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) for confined space entry. A. 5% B. 10% C. 12% D. 19.5%

Question 12: If the Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH) levels are reached in the confined space, anyone is allowed to rush into the confined space to rescue the person. A. True B. False

Question 13: Once a space has a permit posted, no further monitoring for hazards is required. A. True B. False

Question 14: Lockout and tagout includes isolating potential energy from which of the following energy sources? A. Electricity B. Steam C. Drive mechanisms D. Gravity flow of product E. All of the above

Question 15: Mechanical retrieval is required for spaces more than ___ feet deep. A. 10 B. 6 C. 25 D. 5

Confined Space Entry Quiz

Question 16: In-house rescue services must be trained as entrants as well as in rescue procedures and gear. A. True B. False

Question 17: Rescue team evaluation criteria include all of the following questions except: A. Does the team get along well? B. Is the team adequately equipped at all times? C. Is the team able to respond in a timely manner? D. Is the team adequately trained to perform permit space rescues of the kind needed

at the facility?

Confined Space Entry Quiz

Answer Key:

1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. E 8. B 9. B 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. E 15. D 16. A 17. A

Permit – Required Confined Space Decision Flow Chart

No Stop Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No Stop No

Yes Yes Stop * No Yes

Stop * No No Yes No Yes Continue

*Spaces may have to be evacuated and re-evaluated if hazards arise during entry.

Does the workplace contain PRCS as defined by 1910.146(b)? Consult other applicable OSHA standards.

Inform employees as required by 1910.146(c)(2).

Will permit space be entered? Prevent employee entry as required by 1910.146(c)(3). Do task from outside of space.

Will contractors enter?

Task will be done by contractors’ employees. Inform contractor as required by 1910.146(c)(8)(i), (ii) and (iii). Contractor obtains information required by 1910.146(c)(i), (ii) and (iii) from host.

Both contractors and host employees will enter the space.

Coordinate entry operations as required by 1910.146(c)(8)(iv) and (d)(11). Prevent unauthorized entry.

Will host employees enter to perform entry tasks?

Prevent unauthorized entry.

Does space have known or potential hazards?

Can the hazards be eliminated?

Not a PRCS. 1910.146 does not apply. Consult other OSHA standards.

Employer may choose to reclassify space to non-permit using 1910.146(c)(7).

Can the space be maintained in a condition safe to enter by continuous forced air ventilation only?

Space may be entered under 1910.146(c)(5).

Prepare for entry via permit procedures.

Verify acceptable entry conditions (Test results recorded, space isolated if needed, rescuers/means to summon available, entrants properly equipped, etc.)

Permit not valid until conditions meet permit specifications.

Permit issued by authorizing signature. Acceptable entry conditions maintained throughout entry.

Entry tasks completed. Permit returned and canceled.

Audit permit program and permit based on evaluation of entry by entrants, attendants, testers and preparers, etc.

Emergency exists (prohibited condition). Entrants evacuated, entry is aborted. (Call rescuers if needed). Permit is void. Reevaluate program to correct/prevent prohibited condition. Occurrence of emergency (usually) is proof of deficient program. No re-entry until program (and permit) is amended. (May require new program).

Introduction:

• All employees shall adhere to the following requirements when handling or working with electrical equipment or near electrical lines.

• Electrical equipment, including extension cords and power tools, shall be visibly inspected prior to each day’s use.

• Any damaged or defective equipment shall be tagged “do not use” and removed from service until repaired by an authorized employee. Repairs shall meet, or exceed, original manufacturer’s specifications.

• Each employee shall be trained in the recognition and avoidance of unsafe conditions respective to their job assignments.

• Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) shall be required for all 120-volt, single phase, 15- and 20- ampere receptacle outlets utilized on a construction site.

• GFCIs shall be placed as close to the power source as feasible, but at a minimum before the start of any extension cord.

• When practical, extensions cords shall be hung six feet above the work surface to prevent trip hazards and to protect the wire insulation.

• Proper lock-out tag-out procedures shall be followed for any piece of equipment that is required to be de-energized for repair or to be dismantled.

• All electrical hand tools shall have 3 operating prongs at the plug outlet, unless specifically marked as double insulated.

• All extension cords used during company operations shall be a minimum of 12 gauge, and have three operating prongs at the plug outlet.

S12 – Electrical Safety

• All employees shall stay at least ten feet from any overhead power lines at all times

unless the lines have been de-energized or grounded. All ladders, scaffold, machinery, etc. shall also remain at least 10’ from overhead power lines.

• When working on or near exposed parts they shall be treated as live.

• Only qualified personnel shall be permitted to work on energized electrical components, including repairing extension cords.

• Employees are not permitted to enter any area containing exposed electrical

components unless the area is sufficiently illuminated.

• Protective shields, protective barriers or insulating materials shall be used when working in confined or enclosed work spaces where electrical hazards may exist.

Overhead electrical lines

• While conducting site activities near overhead lines, field personnel need to be aware of the location of the lines so as not to use conductive equipment in close proximity to power lines.

• OSHA 29 CFR 1926.550 requires that any vehicle or mechanical equipment (i.e.,

conveyor) capable of having parts of its structure elevated near energized overhead lines shall be operated so that a clearance distance of at least 10 feet is maintained.

• Higher voltages require greater clearance distances. Contact the electrical utility

company to verify line voltage. If the voltage is higher than 50kV, the clearance shall be increased 4 in. for every 10kV over that voltage.

Table 12-1

Voltage Required Clearance 0-50 kV 10 feet

50-200 kV 15 feet 200-350 kV 20 feet 350-500 kV 25 feet 500-750 kV 35 feet

750-1000 kV 45 feet

• Under any of the following conditions, OSHA allows the required clearance to be reduced:

o If a vehicle is in transit with its structure lowered, the clearance shall be reduced to 4 ft. If the voltage is higher than 50kV, the clearance shall be increased 4 in. for every 10kV over that voltage

o If insulating barriers (boots) are installed to prevent contact with the lines, and if the barriers are rated for the voltage of the line being guarded and are not a part of or an attachment to the vehicle or its raised structure, OSHA allows the clearance to be reduced to a distance within the designed working dimensions of the insulating barrier. However, while this is permissible according to OSHA, some utility companies are recommending that safe distances, as described previously, be maintained in addition to the insulating barrier.

LOCK-OUT / TAG-OUT PROGRAM The company has developed the following procedures to protect our employees and reduce the risk of accidents. We will also conduct a periodic review of electrical safety, energy control procedures, and lock-out / tag-out, at least annually, to ensure that the procedure and the requirements of this section are being followed. This procedure is binding upon all employees. All employees will be instructed in the significance of electrical safety, energy control procedures, and lock-out / tag-out. Each new employee shall be instructed by their Supervisor in the purpose and use of these procedures. All Equipment and Installations 1. Only trained, qualified, and authorized employees will be allowed to make electrical repairs

or work on electrical equipment or installations. 2. All electrical equipment and systems shall be treated as energized until tested or otherwise

proven to be de-energized. 3. All energized equipment and installations will be de-energized prior to the commencement

of any work. If the equipment or installation must be energized for test or other purposes, special precautions will be taken to protect against the hazards of electric shock.

4. All equipment shall be locked out to protect against accidental or inadvertent operation

when such operation could cause injury to personnel. Do not attempt to operate any switch, valve, or other energy-isolating device bearing a lock.

5. Safety grounds shall always be used where there is a danger of shock from back feeding or

other hazards.

6. Polyester clothing or other flammable types of clothing shall not be worn near electrical circuits. Cotton clothing is much less likely to ignite from arc blast. Employees working on live circuits shall be provided Nomex or equivalent fire resistant clothing.

7. Suitable eye protection must be worn at all times while working on electrical equipment. 8. Always exercise caution when energizing electrical equipment or installations. Take steps to

protect employees from arc blast and exploding equipment in the event of a fault. 9. All power tools will be grounded or double insulated. Tools with defective cords or wiring

shall not be used. 10. Suitable temporary barriers or barricades shall be installed when access to open enclosures

containing exposed energized equipment is not under the control of an authorized person. Energized Equipment or Systems Work shall not be performed on exposed energized parts of equipment or systems until the following conditions are met:

1. It is the requirement and expectation of all subcontractors working on any live electrical components to comply with all NFPA 70e regulations in addition to OSHA regulations.

De-energized Equipment or Systems A qualified person shall be responsible for completing the following before working on de-energized electrical equipment or systems, unless the equipment is physically removed from the wiring system: 1. Notifying all involved personnel. 2. Locking the disconnecting means in the "open" position with the use of lockable devices,

such as padlocks, combination locks or disconnecting of the conductor(s) or other positive methods or procedures which will effectively prevent unexpected or inadvertent energizing of a designated circuit, equipment or appliance.

3. Tagging the disconnecting means with suitable accident prevention tags. 4. Effectively blocking the operation or dissipating the energy of all stored energy devices

which present a hazard, such as capacitors or pneumatic, spring-loaded and like mechanisms. This may require the installation of safety grounds.

5. Testing the equipment to ensure it is de-energized. Energizing (or Re-energizing) Equipment or Systems A qualified and authorized person shall be responsible for completing the following before energizing equipment or systems that have been de-energized: 1. Determining that all persons are clear from hazards which might result from the equipment

or systems being energized including arc blast or explosions caused by unexpected faults. 2. Removing locking devices and tags. Only the employee who placed them may remove

locking devices and tags. Locking devices and tags shall be removed upon completion of the work and after the installation of the protective guards and/or safety interlock systems.

Accident Prevention Tags Suitable accident prevention tags shall be used to control a specific hazard. Such tags shall provide the following minimum information: 1. Reason for placing tag. 2. Name of person placing the tag and how that person may be contacted. 3. Date tag was placed.

Lock-out / Tag-out Machinery or equipment capable of movement shall be stopped and the power source de-energized or disengaged, and locked out. If necessary, the moveable parts shall be mechanically blocked or secured to prevent inadvertent movement during cleaning, servicing or adjusting operations unless the machinery or equipment must be capable of movement during this period in order to perform the specific task. If so, the hazard of movement shall be minimized. Equipment or power driven machines equipped with lockable controls, or readily adaptable to lockable controls, shall be locked out or positively sealed in the "off" position during repair work and setting-up operations. In all cases, accident prevention signs and/or tags shall be placed on the controls of the equipment or machines during repair work. The company will provide a sufficient number of accident prevention signs or tags and padlocks, seals or other similarly effective means that may be required by any reasonably foreseeable repair. Sequence of Lockout Procedure 1. Notify all affected employees that a lockout is required and the reason therefore. 2. If the equipment is operating, shut it down by the normal stopping procedure (such as:

depress stop button, open toggle switch). 3. Operate the switch, valve, or other energy isolating devices so that the energy source(s)

(electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, other) is disconnected or isolated from the equipment. 4. Stored energy, such as that in capacitors, springs, elevated machine members, rotating fly

wheels, hydraulic systems, and air, gas, steam or water pressure, must also be dissipated or restrained by methods such as grounding, repositioning, blocking, bleeding down.

5. Lockout energy isolating devices with an assigned individual lock. 6. After ensuring that no personnel are exposed and as a check on having disconnected the

energy sources, operate the push button or other normal operating controls to make certain the equipment will not operate. CAUTION: Return operating controls to neutral position after the test.

Procedure Involving More Than One Person If more than one individual is required to lock out equipment, each shall place his/her own personal lock on the energy isolating device(s). One designated individual of a work crew or a

Supervisor, with the knowledge of the crew, may lock out equipment for the whole crew. In such cases, it may be the responsibility of the individual to carry out all steps of the lockout procedure and inform the crew when it is safe to work on the equipment. Additionally, the designated individual shall not remove a crew lock until it has been verified that all individuals are clear. Testing Equipment during Lockout In many maintenance and repair operations, machinery may need to be tested, and for that purpose energized, before additional maintenance work can be performed. This procedure must be followed: 1. Clear all personnel to safety. 2. Clear away tools and materials from equipment. 3. Remove lockout devices and re-energize systems, following the established safe procedure. 4. Proceed with tryout or test. 5. Neutralize all energy sources once again, purge all systems, and lockout prior to continuing

work. Equipment design and performance limitations may dictate that effective alternative worker protection be provided when the established lock-out procedure is not feasible. Restoring Equipment to Service After the work is completed and the equipment is ready to be returned to normal operation, this procedure must be followed: 1. Remove all non-essential items. 2. See that all equipment components are operationally intact, including guards and safety

devices. Repair or replace defective guards before removing lockouts. 3. Remove each lockout device using the correct removal sequence. 4. Make a visual check before restoring energy to ensure that everyone is physically clear of

the equipment.

ELECTRICAL SAFETY - CHECKLIST

QUESTIONS Yes No Corrective Action

1. Do you specify compliance with OSHA for all contract electrical work?

2.

Are all employees required to report any obvious hazard to life or property observed in connection with electrical equipment or lines?

3.

Are employees instructed to make preliminary inspections and/or appropriate tests to determine what conditions exist before starting work on electrical equipment or lines?

4.

When electrical equipment or lines are to be serviced, maintained, or adjusted, are necessary switches opened, locked-out and tagged whenever possible?

5. Are portable electrical tools and equipment grounded or of the double insulated type?

6. Do extension cords have a grounding conductor?

7. Are multiple plug adapters prohibited?

8.

Are ground-fault circuit interrupters installed on each temporary 15 or 20 ampere, 120 volt AC circuit at locations where construction, demolition, modifications, alterations, or excavations are being performed?

9. Is exposed wiring and cords with frayed or deteriorated insulation repaired or replaced promptly?

10. Are flexible cords and cables free of splices or taps?

11.

Is the location of electrical power lines and cables (overhead, underground, under floor, other side of walls) determined before digging, elevated, drilling or similar work is begun?

12.

Is the use of metal ladders prohibited in areas where the ladder or the person using the ladder could come in contact with energized parts of equipment, fixtures, or circuit conductors?

13. Are all disconnecting switches and circuit breakers labeled to indicate their use or equipment served?

14.

Are all unused openings (including conduit knockouts) in electrical enclosures and fittings closed with appropriate covers, plugs or plates?

15. Are electrical enclosures such as switches, receptacles, and junction boxes, provided with tight fitting covers or plates?

Completed by: Signature: Date:

New York State Insurance Fundwww.nysif.com

Safety & Risk Management

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Introduction:

• (Insert Company Name) prohibit their employees, including any sub-contractors, from accessing, utilizing, or altering any scaffold system without the written permission from the contractor responsible for the daily maintenance of the scaffold system. The project foreman shall be responsible to ensure that the scaffold system has been inspected by a Competent Person prior to any (Insert Company Name) employee accessing the scaffold system.

• Only scaffolding erected under the standards described in this policy are authorized for

use by company employees. Other work platforms required by unusual job conditions shall be cleared by the Project Manager, and shall be designed, erected, and maintained by a qualified person.

• Employees who work on scaffolds shall be trained by a qualified person to recognize

hazards associated with that type of scaffold and to understand the procedures to control or minimize those hazards. Retraining is required when an employee demonstrate behaviors which warrant they are no longer familiar with the procedures for working on scaffolding.

• Employees who erect, disassemble, move, operate, repair, maintain, or inspect a

scaffold shall be trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards related to the work duties.

o Scaffolding or any work platform used by company employees shall be inspected by a competent person each day before use to ensure that it is safe. Defective or deficient scaffolding shall be RED Tagged at the access points, and access shall be prohibited until the unsafe conditions have been corrected.

Contents:

• Scaffolding requirements o Erecting, dismantling or altering scaffolding o Tubular Welded Frame/Supported Scaffolding o Pump Jack Scaffolding o Roof Bracket Scaffolding o Ladder Jack Scaffolding

S16 – Scaffolding & Aerial Lifts Safety

o Rolling/Mobil Scaffolding o Crawling Boards

• Aerial Lifts • Access • Fall Protection Requirements

Scaffolding Requirements:

Erecting, Dismantling or Altering Scaffolding Systems:

• Scaffolding may never be erected, dismantled or altered by any employee unless they have received specific training by a qualified person which specifically outlines the proper methods and procedures for performing these tasks. This applies to all forms of scaffolding.

Tubular Welded Frame/Supported Scaffolding Systems:

• A metal tubular scaffold, including all accessories such as braces, screw jack, leveling shoes, and ladders shall be constructed to safely support 4 times the maximum load.

• Diagonal braced shall be used to connect all tubular frames, front and rear. Braces shall

be attached to the frames so that the scaffold remains square, plumb, and rigid.

• The scaffold shall be square to the ground and to the building. On un-level ground, use screw jack leveling shoes to level the scaffold. On soft or shifting ground, use 2 inch by 10 inch planks below the leveling shoes for stability as mud sills.

• Tubular frames shall be placed on top of each other by using collar-type coupling pins.

• Where there is danger of uplift, tubular frames shall be locked together vertically by use

of number 12 hangar wire.

• Scaffolds greater than 4’ in width shall be secured to the building at four times their width (4:1 ratio) vertically and additional securement every 26’ vertically and every 30’ horizontally.

• Scaffolds less than 4’ in width shall be secured to the building at four times their width vertically and additional securement every 20’ vertically and every 30’ horizontally. Example: Securement intervals for a 3’ wide scaffold shall be at 12 feet for initial height, every 20’ vertical thereafter and every 30 feet horizontally.

• All planks shall be a minimum 2 inch by 10 inch scaffold grade lumber.

• Unless planks are secured from movement, all planks shall extend a minimum of 6 inches and a maximum of 12 inches past the frame. They shall overlap a minimum of 12 inches with both planks supported by the frame.

• All scaffold work platforms over 10’ in height shall be protected by a standard guard

railing.

• Use a ladder or interior access whenever possible to gain access to the roof. When this is not possible, a scaffold tower may be used for access, only if it is built in the following manner:

• A ladder or ramp shall be provided to access a scaffold whenever there is more than a 2’

difference in elevation from one landing to the other.

• The scaffolding system must be properly tagged when defective equipment or unsafe conditions are found.

Access:

• (Insert Company Name) shall ensure safe access to all scaffolding systems and platforms is provided to all employees.

• Cross bracing on any scaffolding system shall never be used as a means of access.

• A ladder or stairway shall be used to access platforms and walking/working surfaces which are more than 2 feet above or below the point of access.

• Employees are permitted to climb through the top and mid-rails of the guardrail system

which surrounds the walking/working surface for the purpose of access.

Fall Protection:

• Fall Protection is required whenever working from scaffolding which is 10 feet or greater in height. This can be accomplished by utilizing a guardrail system which surrounds the walking/working surface or by wearing a PFAS.

Pump Jack Scaffolding:

• Brackets, braces and accessories must be designed of metal plates and angles. Each bracket must have two positive gripping mechanisms to prevent failure.

• Rigid triangular bracing must be used to secure the scaffolding at the top and bottom and at any other necessary points.

• Only quality lumber shall be used for wooden poles. It must be straight-grained and free

of imperfections.

• Whenever wood is joined together to form a pole or create a longer pole, mending plates and brackets must be used appropriately.

• Work benches may not be used as scaffold platforms but may be used as the top of the

guardrail system if they meet the height and strength requirements.

Roof Bracket Scaffolding:

• Brackets must fit the roofs pitch while providing a level platform which to work from.

• Brackets should be secured from shifting and moving at all times. The brackets should be secured with nails or screws if feasible. If not, then rope that is at least ¾” inches in diameter should be used for securement.

Ladder Jack Scaffolding:

• The working platform cannot exceed 20 feet in height.

• Only construction approved extension ladders can be used to erect a ladder jack scaffolding system. Wooden job-built ladders are not acceptable.

• Ladder Jacks must rest on the side rails and ladder rungs, if it is only able to be placed on

the ladder rungs then a minimum of 10 inches must rest on each rung.

• The base of the ladder must be secured to prevent the base from shifting or kicking out.

• Employees are not permitted to connect two platforms to one another, without the use of an additional two ladders to support the other platform.

Rolling/Mobile Scaffolding:

• A manually propelled mobile scaffold is a tubular welded frame scaffold constructed as outlined in paragraph above, but with the following additional requirements.

• The height of the scaffold shall not exceed 4 times the minimum base dimension of the scaffold.

• Casters must be strong enough to support 4 times the maximum intended load of the

scaffold. All casters shall be provided with a positive locking device to hold the scaffold in position.

• The work platform shall be tightly planked the entire width of the scaffold, except for

an entrance opening.

• A ladder or stairway shall be built into the scaffold and located in such a manner that its use shall not cause the scaffold to tip.

• All scaffolds erected inside stairwells shall be secured against movement.

• Rolling/Mobile scaffolding system cannot be moved with an employee standing on it

unless the following provisions are met:

o The ground must be within 3 degree of level and free of pits, holes or obstructions which could cause the scaffolding to become unstable or tip over.

o The height to base ratio of the scaffolding system must be at 2:1 or less. o Outriggers must be installed on both side of the scaffolding, if in place. o If being moved by a powered system the scaffolding cannot exceed a speed of 1

foot per second and the force moving the system must be applied directly to the wheels.

o Employees can never be on a part of the scaffolding that extends past the wheels, casters and supports.

Crawling Boards:

• Crawling boards must extend from the ridge of the roof to the eaves.

• Crawling boards must be secured to the roof at the ridge with the use of a ridge hook.

Aerial Lifts: Scope and Application To provide requirements for safe use and proper operation of aerial lifts and scissor lifts. This applies to all locations or projects involving the use of scissors lifts, extensible boom platforms, aerial ladders, articulating boom platforms, vertical towers or any combination thereof. Implementation It is the responsibility of the management to administer this procedure. It is the responsibility of any employee or contractor involved to adhere fully to this policy. General Requirements 1.0 Equipment Requirements

A. Aerial lifts acquired for use after January 22, 1973, shall be designed and constructed in conformance with the applicable requirements of the American National Standards for “Vehicle Mounted Elevating and Rotating Work Platforms,” ANSI A92.2-1969, including appendix. Procedures.

B. Lifts must utilize standard guardrails unless specifically required by the manufacturer.

2.0 Equipment Modifications

A. Never field modify an aerial lift for uses other than those intended by the manufacturer.

B. Any modifications for uses other than those intended by the manufacturer must have authorization from the manufacturer that is certified in writing.

C. Alteration of the insulated portion of an aerial lift that may reduce the insulating value is not permitted.

3.0 Documentation A. The manufacturer’s operating instruction manual must be available on site. B. File the following documents in the Shop/Project Health and Safety File.

1. Copy of the cover page of the Manufacturer's Operation Manual. 2. Training documentation. 3. List of authorized employees. 4. Daily inspections.

4.0 Operator Training A. Only trained and authorized personnel are allowed to operate aerial lifts.

5.0 Maintenance and Inspection

A. Inspect the unit for unsafe conditions each day prior to use. Units that have been damaged or weakened from any cause must be taken out of service until repairs are completed.

B. Test the lift controls every day, prior to operation, to ensure they are in safe working order.

6.0 Fall Protection

A. Wear fall protection in the form of a full body harness and lanyard attached to the manufacturer’s prescribed anchorage point.

B. Fall protection is not required for scissor lifts.

7.0 Set Up A. Requires that both lower and platform controls be plainly marked as to their

function. B. Survey the route to be traveled immediately prior to the work trip to check for

overhead obstructions, holes in pavement, slopes, ditches, or other potential hazards.

C. Set the braking system before elevating the basket. D. Install wheel chocks before using an aerial lift on an incline, provided they can be

safely installed. E. Electrically ground or barricade aerial lifts when working near energized lines or

equipment and consider the lift to be energized equipment.

8.0 Operation A. Stand firmly on the floor of the basket when working from an aerial lift. Sitting or

climbing on the edge of the basket and/or use of planks, ladders, or other devices for work position are prohibited.

B. Never exceed the boom and basket load limits set by the manufacturer. C. Do not pass equipment between a pole or structure and an aerial lift while an

employee working from the basket is within reaching distance of energized conductors or equipment that are not covered with insulating protective equipment.

D. Do not operate lower controls unless permission has been obtained from the employee in the basket, except in case of emergency.

E. Aerial lift truck must not be moved when the boom is not secured in traveling position and with workers in the basket.

F. Aerial ladders must be secured in the traveling position by the locking device on top of the truck cab, and the manually operated device at the base of the ladder before the truck is moved for travel.

G. Belting off to another structure or pole, while working from the lift is not permitted.

Scaffold Safety Basics: • Are the legs stable? • Is the scaffolding system correctly assembled, without using

defective components? • Are their any missing pieces? • Is an adequate guardrail system arranged? • Is the scaffold completely planked? • Is the scaffold a proper distance from the building? • Can the scaffold be accessed safely? • Is the scaffold inspected on a regular basis? • Is the scaffold maintained in a useable condition?

Aerial Lifts Positioning: • Do not drive near drop-offs or holes. • Do not raise the platform on uneven or soft surfaces. • Do not drive onto uneven or soft surfaces when

elevated. • Do not raise the platform on slopes or drive onto

slopes when elevated. • Do not raise the platform in windy or gusty weather

conditions.

Aerial Lifts

Preventing tip-overs: • Do not exceed manufacturer-

rated load capacity limits. • Do not travel to a job with the

lift in an elevated position. • Set up proper work zone

protection when working near traffic.

• Avoid excessive horizontal

forces when working on elevated aerial lifts.

AERIAL LIFT SAFETY CHECKLIST WHEN OPERATING AN AERIAL LIFT 1. Personnel shall conduct a pre-start inspection of the equipment prior to use each day. The user shall be responsible for ensuring that this has occurred. 2. Personnel shall ensure all warning placards on the machines are legible and all personnel are familiar with the operator’s manual. 3. Personnel shall ensure any malfunctioning lift is tagged “OUT OF SERVICE” and the supervisor promptly notified. The equipment shall not be operated until repaired as per the manufacturer’s recommendations. 4. Personnel shall ensure the controls are plainly marked as to their function. 5. Personnel shall use equipment only on level ground. 6. Personnel shall not load platforms/baskets in excess of the design working load. (The weight of personnel in baskets is counted as part of the load.) 7. Personnel shall utilize aerial lifts for lifting personnel and small hand tools. The use of aerial lifts in lieu of a crane is prohibited. 8. Personnel must consider the overall dimensions of this unit and always be sure that there is sufficient clearance before moving under any overhead obstruction or when working near electrical lines. Employ an equipment spotter when working in close proximity to power lines. WHEN USING AN AERIAL LIFT 1. Personnel shall not walk under a boom to gain access to the platform. 2. Personnel shall not tie the platform off to any structure for any reason. 3. Personnel shall stand on the platform floor. Standing or sitting on the railing is prohibited. 4. Personnel shall always look in the direction the machine is moving. 5. Personnel shall not rest the boom or basket on a steel structure of any kind. 6. Personnel shall wear safety harnesses and tie-off to the manufacture provided anchorage point within the platform. This includes all aerial lifts (scissor lift, etc).

7. Personnel shall attempt to perform work from within the basket at all times. If it becomes necessary to exit the basket at elevated heights, 100% Fall Protection methods shall be utilized during the transfer from the basket to an approved anchorage location . 8. Ensure that a 10 lb fire extinguisher (mounted in the basket) is provided when performing activities that present a potential fire hazard. 9. Erect barricading or use a flag person when operating in high-traffic areas. 10. Keep hands off the external portion of the basket when raising or lowering the basket. 11. Do not raise baskets with cords, leads, or hoses tied to the handrail. A tagline must be used to raise these items when the basket is in position to work. This checklist is intended to assist the user in identifying potential hazards with Aerial Lifts. Scissor Lift Articulating Aerial Lift Telescopic Aerial Lift

Trailer Mounted Aerial Lift Truck Mounted Aerial Lift

Introduction:

• (Insert Company Name) employees shall be required to comply with the following requirements pertaining to material handling and storage:

o All materials shall be stacked, racked, blocked or interlocked to prevent sliding falling or collapse.

o Keep passageways and exits clear at all times.

o Secure all compressed gas cylinders in an upright position. Cylinder caps must

be in place when cylinders are not in use.

o All materials shall be centrally located to operations to minimize travel distances

o All materials shall be stored a minimum of 10 feet away from stairwells and emergency exits.

o Combustible materials shall not be stored near open flames, or other spark

producing operations.

o Any material/debris dropped off the exterior of a building greater than 20’ must be in an enclosed trash chute or taken off via a controlled decent (use of forklift, crane/dumpster, pulley, etc.).

o Any installation/removal of trash chutes must be in accordance with the

manufacturer’s guidelines.

S17 – Material Handling & Storage Safety

Manual Material Handling:

• Employees shall be trained on proper handling techniques. o Lift with your legs. o Bend with your knees – NEVER your Back. o Keep the weight close to your body o Avoid lifting over your head, when feasible. o Do not twist your body, pivot your feet to change direction.

• Lift correctly and within your limits. Do not over estimate your strength.

• Never lift and move an object if you cannot see your route of travel.

• Asses your path of travel, remove obstacles prior to moving objects.

DO NOT BE AFRAID TO ASK FOR HELP

1.0 Purpose:

The purpose of this policy is to educate employees on the causes of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSD’s) and back injuries and to implement common sense work practices to prevent related injuries. 2.0 Background:

2.1 What are Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs)? A Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) is an injury that affects muscles, ligaments, tendons, and nerves. These are often cumulative injuries in that they develop usually when the same muscle groups are used repetitively, or for a long period of time, without adequate rest. Jobs that require awkward posture or an exertion of significant force increase the risk of these injuries.

2.2 Examples of MSDs:

Examples of MSDs include: o back pain, o carpal tunnel syndrome, o tendonitis, o hand-arm vibration syndrome.

MSDs do not include: o Injuries that are a direct result of a traumatic event such as a fall, being struck by

or caught in-between, something, o Injuries resulting from vehicular collisions, o Injuries resulting from workplace violence events

2.3 Causes of MSDs:

Work related MSDs may be caused or exacerbated by exposure to the following:

Contact Stress: Pressing the body against a hard or sharp edge can result in placing too

much pressure on nerves, tendons and blood vessels. For example, frequent kneeling atop hard surfaces without knee pads or resting your arms against sharp countertop or edges can increase your risk of suffering an MSD such as tendonitis.

S18 - Back Injury & Musculoskeletal Disorder

Prevention

Awkward Postures: Posture is the position your body is in and affects muscle groups that are involved in physical activity. Awkward postures include repeated or prolonged reaching, twisting, bending, kneeling, squatting, working orverhead with your hands or arms or holding fixed positions. Bending over at the waist to pick up objects places your back in an awkward position and puts significant force on your lower back increasing the chance of back injuries.

Repetition: Doing the same motion over and over again places stress on muscles and

tendons. The severity of risk depends on how often the action is repeated, the speed of the movement, the number of muscles involved and the required force. As an example, twisting your wrist while using a screwdriver may in time cause a low level of pain. Continuing this activity may in time lead to carpal tunnel syndrome or other MSD.

Vibration: Operating vibrating tools over extended periods of time may lead to nerve

damage. MSDs such as hand-arm vibration syndrome (aka-white finger disease) and carpal tunnel syndrome may result. Examples of vibrating tools include grinders, drills, jackhammers, and saws.

2.4 Back Injuries One of the most common MSDs in the roofing injury is a back injury. Back injuries often result from two of the previously mentioned causes, awkward postures and repetition. Understanding how the back operates is important to preventing back injuries. Anatomy: Your spine runs from the top of your

neck down to your lower back. It is made up of many 24 bones called vertebrae, one below another. Between the vertebrae are discs. Picture a disc as a jelly donut, a fibrous tissue on the outside with a jelly like substance on the inside. These discs give your back flexibility so that it can move. While many think of their back as being “straight”, your back in fact has a natural “S” curvature to it. When you bend, or twist that “S” curvature gets distorted, your muscles and ligaments stretch and those discs (jelly donuts) get squeezed. As they get squeezed repetitively and/or excessively they can weaken and may press on different parts of the spine such as nerves. In time these discs may rupture or “herniate” leading to that jelly like substance exiting the fibrous

Maintaining natural “S” curvature of back important to

reduce injury potential

tissue exterior and pressing against nerve. This is a common cause of back pain.

Causes of Back Injuries:

When many think of back injuries they think of the lower back, which in construction is a frequent source of back injury. However, back injuries are not confined to the lower back, when work is performed overhead it is common for the smaller discs, vertebrae, ligaments and muscles in our upper back can be injured in the same manner. Common tasks that lead to back injuries in roofing include lifting and/or moving tear off, pavers, or heavy rolls of material. Shoveling ballast roofs and/or debris. Mopping hot asphalt, as well as bending to screw down roofing insulation. As you can see, these types of back injuries are accumulative. Each time you lift an object improperly you place pressure upon those jelly donut like discs, and stress and strain upon your cartilage and ligaments. Twisting while you bend at the waist to pick up an object does even greater damage, especially when you are exerting force to lift, push, or pull an object.

2.5 Signs & symptoms of an MSD:

o Back or neck pain o Burning sensation o Fingers or toes turning white o Pain, tingling or numbness in hands or feet o Pain in wrists, shoulders, forearms or knees o Painful joints o Shooting or stabbing pain in arms or legs o Stiffness o Swelling or inflammation

3.0 Methods of Prevention: To help reduce the likelihood of MSDs in the workplace, the following should be performed: Engineering Controls: A preferred approach to reduce potential injury, engineering controls include:

• Plan ahead to minimize material handling. • Use of material handling aids such as carts, dollies, hoists, conveyors, etc. • Use auto feed screw guns which are available and used by roofers to reduce the

amount of bending when screwing down insulation. • Cut rolls of material, or break down stacks of material into manageable amounts

when possible rather than carrying larger, heavier, and awkward sized material. • If possible, modify the workstation layout. Remember working overhead can lead to

upper back injuries and bending over or working on your knees can lead to lower back injuries as well as injuries to the knees. Bringing work to waist level is always optimal however not always possible. Many sheet metal operations, prep work, etc. can be done from a work bench.

Administrative Controls:

• Rotate workers from physically demanding jobs which could lead to MSDs to reduce the exposure. For example, rather than having one employee work in a bent position or from their knees all day, switch tasks frequently to keep them from staying in that physically demanding position for long periods of time.

• Schedule more rest breaks for those involved in repetitive activities. • Implement mandatory stretching programs aimed at preparing the body to perform

the required tasks.

Safe Work Practices:

• Maintain good housekeeping at all times to prevent trips/falls while handling material.

• Use material handling aids whenever possible. • Break down heavy loads to manageable loads less than 50lbs whenever possible. • Utilize knee pads or other soft barrier when kneeling on hard surfaces or for

significant periods. • Utilize anti-vibration gloves when handling tools that cause vibration for lengthy

periods. • Perform simple stretches prior to beginning work to loosen muscles and better

prepare them for manual labor. Any stretch should be static (not bouncing), and you should only stretch as far as you comfortably can and hold.

Safe Lifting Techniques:

• Preplan your route. Ensure a safe path is present and that you have a safe location to put material down. Failure to do so may result in multiple lifts.

• Examine the load. Use gloves if any sharp edges are present. Obtain help if the load is heavy or of awkward size.

• Take a good stance. Your feet should be shoulder width apart and on firm footing. • Bend at the knees. Your leg muscles are

amongst the strongest in your body whereas your back muscles are much weaker. In addition, bending at the waist takes your back out of its natural “S” curvature position and puts significant pressure on those jelly donut like discs in your back. Your body acts similar to a crane. The closer the load is to to your body, the more your back can handle.

• Tighten your stomach muscles. These muscles will take pressure off your back and help align your back into the proper position.

• Avoid twisting at the waist! Just like most cranes your body can handle more weight over the front than it can over the side. As you twist the vertebrae in your back puts significant pressure on those discs.

• Lift slowly and smoothly keeping the load under full control. • Place load down following these same guidelines.

COMPANY:_______________________FOREMAN:__________________DATE:____________________

Defensive Driving

As we approach the wintry weather season, getting to and from our jobs is all that much more challenging. We always hear mention of defensive driving, but do we really know what defensive driving means? Do we realize the commitment that we have to make to become a defensive driver?

Defensive driving means driving to prevent accidents in spite of the actions of others or the conditions around you. To drive defensively, is to avoid preventable collisions and save lives.

Driving is the most dangerous thing you do on a daily basis; Driving is the leading cause of fatalities in the workplace. Read the statistics on the right side of this page. Common causes of automobile collisions; Speed: Speed kills, and more speed kills faster! That is not just a catch phrase it is fact. Speed is the number one unsafe driving behavior that contributes to collisions and violations. ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT IN WINTRY DRIGING, SLOW DOWN! Tailgating: Maintaining a safe following distance is absolutely critical to driving defensively, yet so few actually do it. The space in front of you is often the only space you have significant control over. Make sure it is adequate enough to allow you to stop in time. Always maintain a minimum of a three second following distance when operating a passenger car or truck. In a large truck above 10,000 GVW, the following distance should increase to six seconds minimum. Always add more seconds for poor conditions. Right of Way: The law states who must yield the right of way, not who has it. Never assume you have the right of way. When entering an intersection, always look to ensure traffic has stopped and be prepared to stop yourself. Train yourself to wait two seconds before accelerating through an intersection after stopped at a light. Drive for Five One common technique to improve driving is to “Drive for Five.” That means, to drive as if you’re protecting your vehicle, and the vehicles in front, behind, and to the sides. Drive as if your loved ones were driving in the vehicles around you. You wouldn’t tailgate your son or daughter. You would ensure your vehicle was in good condition, check your mirrors, signal intentions, and reduce speed if your loved ones were driving around you. Print Name: Sign Name:

Safety Tool Box Talk Defensive Driving

Statistics - 44,000 deaths per yr. - 121 deaths per day - collision every 5 sec. - injury every 10 sec. - fatality every 12 min.

It doesn’t matter who is at fault. Prevention is key! Driver attitude is critical to remaining safe and alive. Some drivers hit their brakes when being tailgated, thinking they won’t be found “at fault”. Drivers also fail to allow others to merge onto the highway, because they believe they have the “right of way”.

What does it matter to you who was “at fault”, after the kid in the car behind you stars the windshield and is taken by helicopter to the emergency room? What does it matter when the car trying to merge collides with yours and ends up in a major wreck? You

could have prevented those accidents, and the consequences. Avoid aggressive driving, drive defensively

Electrical Safety—Outlets

Unfortunately, an average of one employee per day is electrocuted at the workplace in the United States. Despite their common use, electrical outlets can be dangerous. Follow safety measures to protect yourself when using them.

Before use:

Make sure that your outlet does not have any of the following: • A loose conduit • Loose cabling • Exposed wires • Evidence of excessive heat • Cracked outlets • Missing or damaged face plates

During use:

Be sure that the plug fits firmly, and check for any signs of heating caused by faulty connections.

Cord removal:

• Grab the plug and pull.

• Yanking a cord from an outlet can break the cord's insulation and wires, pull loose wire connections, or bend plug prongs.

Three-prong plugs:

• Three-prong plugs provide grounding to prevent shock.

• Never cut off the third prong to fit into an older two-hole outlet.

• Never use a two-wire extension cord with a three-prong plug.

• If using an adapter at an ungrounded outlet, the type that accepts two-prong plugs:

‒ Be sure the pigtail (i.e., grounding connection) is attached to the face plate screw.

‒ The screw must be tested for known ground source.

Electrical Safety—Outlets

This form documents that the training specified above was presented to the listed participants. By signing below, each participant acknowledges receiving this training. Organization: Trainer: Trainer’s Signature: Class Participants: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date:

Electrical Safety—Power Strips

A power strip combines several sockets attached to the end of a flexible cable, allowing multiple devices to be plugged in. The biggest safety concern with power strips is their potential for fire if overloaded.

Precautions for fire prevention:

• POWER STRIPS ARE NOT PERMITTED FOR USE ON CONSTRUCTION SITES.

• Do not plug power strips into other power strips to make what is sometimes called a “piggy back” or “daisy chain.”

• Only use power strips that have a built-in surge protector (i.e., voltage regulator) and preferably also a built-in circuit breaker to prevent circuit overload.

• Do not use power strips for appliances with heating elements, such as electric space heaters or bench-top cooking appliances.

• Assure that all power strips meet recognized testing requirements. Although Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is the most recognizable label, there are many other testing laboratories that test and label electrical equipment.

• Do not plug power strips into extension cords; plug them directly into wall sockets. Extension cords are not to be used for permanent applications.

• A heavy reliance on power strips is an indication that you have too few outlets to address your needs. Have additional outlets professionally installed.

Determining power strip capacity:

Know the capacity of the circuit and the power requirements of all electrical items plugged into the power strip and other outlets on the circuit. In order to determine this:

• Determine the capacity of your power strip (in amps or watts).

• Determine the load (i.e. power requirements) of all the electrical items plugged into the power strip in amps or watts.

• Add up the power requirements. Assure that the total does not exceed 80% of the rated capacity of your power strip. Also, determine the same for the circuit serving the power strip to assure that it is not overloaded.

Example: A power strip is rated for 15 amps/120 V. (Note that watts = amps x volts.)

15 amps x 120 volts = 1875 watts.

1875 watts x 80% = 1500 watts that may be used.

The power strip’s capacity of 1500 watts is not exceeded.

Component Computer Monitor Speakers Electric Stapler

Scanner TOTAL

Power Requirement

250 watts

150 watts 15 watts 25 watts 150 watts

590 watts

Electrical Safety—Power Strips

This form documents that the training specified above was presented to the listed participants. By signing below, each participant acknowledges receiving this training. Organization: Trainer: Trainer’s Signature: Class Participants: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date:

Electrical Wiring Safety

Improper wiring can lead to electric shock injuries.

The most common circuits, 120 Volt electrical circuits, are comprised of three conductors:

• A “hot” conductor which carries electricity to equipment, lighting, etc.

• A “neutral” conductor which provides a return path to complete the circuit.

• A ground which provides a return path in the event of a fault.

Improper wiring of electrical circuits servicing outlets and equipment can lead to shock injuries. The following three situations can result in a shock to personnel:

• If the hot and neutral conductors are inadvertently reversed (a situation known as reverse polarity) equipment will remain energized even after it is turned off. ‒ In such a case the circuit would be open on the neutral side of the circuit rather

than the hot. ‒ This situation could result in a shock hazard because electrical energy is still flowing

to the equipment. ‒ Any contact with the equipment and the ground (such as through a person) could

cause injury.

• If the “hot” and “ground” conductors are reversed the tool or equipment casing would be energized. ‒ This situation could cause any “non-current carrying” parts of that equipment to be

energized. ‒ This is a potential shock hazard to anyone who touches that equipment.

• If the “ground” conductor is not properly wired there is no return path to the ground in the event of a fault.

Receptacle testers:

• A device called a receptacle tester is available for about $5.00 at home improvement stores and is essential for any electrical tool kit.

• It is a plug-in device which will tell the user if a wiring system is correct, wired as “reversed polarity”, wired as “open ground”, or wired as “hot/ground reversed”.

Electrical Wiring Safety

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Emergency Preparedness—Lightning

Lightning kills approximately 55 people per year and injures many more. Everyone should understand the danger of lightning and what actions to take during a storm, especially those who work outdoors.

Lightning is most often encountered during warm, humid weather and may often accompany summer rainstorms. Lightning is the electrostatic discharge between electrically charged areas within clouds or between a cloud and the earth's surface. The areas temporarily equalize the charge between themselves and yield a corresponding discharge or flash, which is called lightning. A lightning strike is when lightning hits an object on the ground.

Thunder is the sound made by lightning. Thunder is an indicator of how close the lightning is, based on how closely it follows the lightning flash. In addition, because it is sometimes heard before the storm starts, thunder can be a warning. The hazards of lightning:

• A direct lightning strike to an individual is usually fatal. Cardiac arrest or breathing failure often occurs.

• Being in the vicinity of a lightning strike is also dangerous. − If lightning strikes an electrical pole or tree, the electric current may radiate out

through the nearby ground. If you are in the vicinity, you could be injured. − Lightning strikes may also start fires or cause the collapse of trees or other

objects, leading to secondary damage and injuries. Planning for storms:

• Monitor the weather frequently and ensure you are prepared should a storm approach.

• Always respect lightning, and heed the precautions detailed in this training.

Emergency Preparedness—Lightning

Storm response:

• Remember the 20-20 rule; after seeing lightning, if you hear thunder in less time than it takes to count to 20, go indoors. Then, stay indoors for 20 minutes after hearing the last thunder.

• Take shelter inside a building as soon as possible, and postpone activities that are done outside. − However, if the situation is safe and there is adequate time, secure objects that

are outdoors. They could be blown away or cause damage from wind associated with a storm.

− Make sure that the building you choose for shelter is sturdy and safe from lightning strikes, e.g., not a metal building.

− Avoid small, isolated structures in open areas.

• Once indoors: − Unplug electrical devices such as computers, radios, and appliances. Power

surges from lightning can cause serious damage. − Shutter windows and secure doors. If the windows do not have shutters, close

blinds and curtains. − Stay away from windows and doors. − Use a battery-operated radio for updates.

• If you cannot find shelter inside a building:

− Take shelter inside a vehicle, if one is available. − Avoid tall, isolated trees in an open area because they may act as lightning rods. − Avoid hilltops, open fields, and being on the water. − Stay close to the ground, either by kneeling or lying on your side in a low area.

• Avoid contact with: − Electrical equipment, including recharging equipment. − Metal objects, either indoors or outdoors. − Corded phones. − Plumbing, because plumbing systems can conduct electricity.

• Fallen wires or fires: − Report fallen wires or fires by calling emergency services immediately. − Do not touch fallen wires. − If a vehicle is trapped beneath fallen wires, the driver must remain inside and

wait for help from emergency services. Someone who exits the vehicle can act as a grounding source.

− The ground area around the vehicle could be electrified. STAY AWAY!

Emergency Preparedness—Lightning

First aid:

• In addition to possible cardiac arrest or breathing failure, victims of a lightning strike may have the following injuries or symptoms: − Burns − Damage to the nervous system − Broken bones − Impaired sight and hearing − Memory loss − Confusion

• If someone has been struck by lightning, call emergency services immediately.

• If the victim is not breathing, and you are trained in first aid, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

• Do not move the victim unless it is absolutely necessary due to immediate danger.

• Electrical burns may be dressed with a clean, dry bandage, but they must not be cooled. Be aware that there may be both an entry burn and an exit burn.

• Keep the person calm and warm until help arrives.

• Even if the person seems to be fine, they need to have a medical evaluation.

Emergency Preparedness—Lightning

This form documents that the training specified above was presented to the listed participants. By signing below, each participant acknowledges receiving this training.

Organization: Trainer: Trainer’s Signature: _____ Class Participants: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date:

Company: ____________________________ Foreman:_________________________ Date:______________

Safe Extension Ladder Use & Inspection Ladders are used in many of our jobs. They are safe only when used correctly. Before starting any job that requires the use of a ladder make sure you select the right length. Ladders that are too short or too long can cause an accident. Some of the causes of ladder accidents include failure to inspect a ladder prior to use -- check for broken rungs, inspect the feet, make sure the side rails aren't damaged -- and look for any other obvious defect. Once you have determined the ladder is safe, Check for any overhead power lines in the area -- you don't want to become an electrical conductor. When you find a safe location, set it up -- be sure that the ladder extends three feet above the landing. The fourth rung ideally should be level with the roof line. As you climb to tie it off, a partner should foot the base. Tie the ladder off well to prevent it from falling. Remember the 1 to 4 rule -- the base of the ladder should be one foot away from the vertical support for every four feet in height. If you're in a traffic area, barricade the base area of the ladder. Also be sure the base of the ladder is on a level footing never on brick or concrete blocks -- uneven surfaces can lead to a fall. Do not place loose items like plywood under a ladder. It disperses the weight and makes it more likely to slip. Never set up ladders in doorways, unless you have a way of ensuring the door stays locked, and the area is barricaded.

When climbing a ladder always use both hands, face forward and have a good grip. Don't try to one hand it or climb facing away, and take only one step at a time. Always hoist tools with hand line and with fall protection in place! A few additional safety tips: never reach too far, keep your belt buckle between the rails -- never stand on the top two rungs or steps -- keep ladders free from slippery materials -- and remove defective ladders from service immediately. Most ladders are designed to hold only one person at a time. Two may cause the ladder to fail or throw it off balance.

If you follow these guidelines, your ladder work should be a safe operation. Don't let ladders make you fall down on the job.

Good extension, 3’ over the roof edge, tied off properly.

Safety Tool Box Talk Portable Ladder Safety Basics

Print Name Sign Name: Comments:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Fall Protection - Eliminating Falls

Learn to identify conditions and behaviors that cause falls:

Stairways

• Carrying objects that block the view of the steps • Running • Failure to use handrail • Working in areas cluttered by objects • Inattention

Ladders

• Use of ladders that do not suit the job • Use of ladders that are in poor condition • Improper ladder placement • Improper ladder use • Reaching/leaning too far • Using a step ladder that is too short

Scaffolds

• Using scaffolds without guard rails or toe boards • Using poorly constructed scaffolds • Using scaffolds without bracing to prevent sway • Rushing work

Floor Openings

• Working around uncovered floor openings • Working near floor openings that have been insufficiently covered • Working around floor openings that have been insufficiently marked

Wall Openings

• Failing to ensure that wall openings are barricaded • Working near wall openings that may break easily • Failing to tie-off when working near exposed wall openings

Fall Protection - Eliminating Falls

This form documents that the training specified above was presented to the listed participants. By signing below, each participant acknowledges receiving this training. Organization: Trainer: Trainer’s Signature: Class Participants: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date:

Company:_______________________Foreman:__________________Date:_______________________ Many of the materials necessary to install a roof system are highly flammable. Because of this it is crucial that a properly sized and working fire extinguisher is located on the roof at all times. There are many factors that contribute to the necessary location of the fire extinguisher in relation to the work area, as well as whether or not the extinguisher is in proper working condition.

Where does the fire extinguisher need to be located? Depending on the amount of flammable liquids located on the roof, the distance the fire extinguisher is located from the area being worked on varies, but it must always be visible to all employees.

• Less than 50 gallons of flammable liquids present – No further than 100 feet from the work area • More than 50 gallons of flammable liquids present- No further than 50 feet from the work area

To alleviate the issue of the fire extinguisher not being close enough to your work area, always keep the fire extinguisher within 50 feet of the area of roof being worked on. In addition to the above listed requirements, the fire extinguisher must be at least a 2A-10BC extinguisher. This is commonly known as an “ABC” extinguisher meaning it is designed to fight combustible fire, flammable liquid fires, as well as electrical fires. The (2) in 2A is equivalent to 2.5 gallons of water. The (10) in 10BC means that it can would be suitable for a class B fire approximately 10 square feet in size. How to use a fire extinguisher: ■ REMEMBER PASS The acronym ‘PASS’ is used to train people how to use an extinguisher.

• Pull • Aim • Squeeze • Sweep.

You should be approximately 8’ from the fire, and aim at the base.

Safety Tool Box Talk Fire Extinguishers

What deems a fire extinguisher as suitable for use?

• The gauge on the head of the extinguisher needs to be pointing into the green section which indicates it is properly charged. If the gauge is pointing to either of the red sections than the fire extinguisher is either overcharged or needs to be recharged.

• The pin needs to be in place on the handle of the fire extinguisher. • The inspection tag must be in place and legible.

The arrow on the gauge must be

pointing into the green area indicating it is properly charged.

If any of the requirements listed above is not in place than the fire extinguisher should be removed from the roof and replaced with one that does meet the listed requirements.

Hand Tool Safety—Screwdrivers

Hand tools help us with many tasks and have become a part of our everyday lives. As a result, the hazards associated with hand tool use are often ignored. Most hand tool accidents are preventable if best safety practices are followed. Protect yourself with the following basic safety practices when using hand tools, including screwdrivers. The screwdriver is one of the most commonly used and abused hand tools. Use the right tool for the job:

• Each tool is designed to perform a specific function. It is dangerous to substitute or use an inappropriate tool.

• Use tools properly, including the proper positioning to avoid strains and sprains.

• Never use damaged tools: discard, fix or replace them immediately.

Housekeeping:

• Do not leave tools lying around where they can become a tripping hazard.

• Ensure that your tools are secured when they are not in use, so that they cannot fall off work surfaces and injure you or others.

• Do not carry chisels, screwdrivers and other pointed tools in your pockets. Use a tool belt.

• Carry all pointed tools with the tools’ pointed ends aiming downward.

• Do not throw tools, pass them handle-first.

• Keep your tools in good repair, and inspect them before each use.

• Always wear the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when working with hand tools.

Ergonomic factors:

• Minimize sprains and strains by keeping your wrists straight and elbows close to the body.

• Use the comfort grips or properly fitted gloves to reduce the stress on your hands and wrists.

Hand Tool Safety—Screwdrivers

Ergonomic factors (continued):

• Take breaks to rest your muscles.

• Consider tool design when choosing a tool: − Look for lightweight tools with handles that allow for a relaxed grip and enable

you to keep your wrists straight. − Choose tools that can be used with either hand. − Select a tool that is the proper size for your hands. Tool handles should be

shaped so that they contact the largest possible surface of the hand and fingers. − Avoid handles with sharp edges and corners.

• Consider using power tools to reduce repetitive movements. Safety when using screwdrivers:

• Do not use screwdrivers as punches, wedges, pinch bars or pries.

• Keep screwdrivers in good condition: − A broken handle, bent blade or a dull or twisted tip

may cause a screwdriver to slip and result in a hand injury. A sharp, square-edged bit will not slip as easily as a dull, rounded one.

• Place the stock being worked on in a vise or on a flat surface and not in your hand; then, if the tool slips, there will be less chance of a hand injury.

• Match the screwdriver to the screw head.

• When using a screwdriver for electrical work, ensure that the handle is insulated and that the shaft does not extend into the handle.

Always use caution when working with tools. Do not take the safety of hand tools for granted.

Hand Tool Safety—Screwdrivers

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Organization: Trainer: Trainer’s Signature: _____ Class Participants: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date:

Hazard Communication

There are more than five-hundred thousand chemical products on the market today and hundreds of new ones are introduced each year. To reduce or eliminate the chance of injury or illness from handling chemicals at work, always follow the rules prescribed by the product manufacturer and your organization’s Hazard Communication Program (HCP). Your HCP contains:

• A list of all hazardous chemicals at the workplace.

• Operations in your work area where hazardous chemicals are present.

• Training on the hazardous materials in the workplace.

• Safety data sheets (SDSs) for all onsite chemicals both received and produced.

• Procedures to ensure that all containers of hazardous chemicals in the work area are labeled with the identity of the chemicals and the appropriate hazard warnings.

Your HCP provides proper training in:

• Specific hazards of the chemical you are working with.

• Proper work practices, personal protective equipment and other controls necessary to reduce or eliminate your exposure to the chemicals.

• Methods you can use to detect the presence or release of hazardous chemicals.

• Signs of overexposure as well as emergency and first-aid procedures to follow.

• An understanding of SDSs and product labels.

Remember, the products you use warrant respect and need to be handled correctly. Be sure you know how to use them safely.

Hazard Communication

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Pictograms

Pictograms were developed to simplify hazard communication on chemical container labels and safety data sheets (SDSs), regardless of manufacturer or country of origin. The pictograms are based on images and symbols employees throughout the world would recognize and understand. • All pictograms will be a diamond on a point with a red border and a black image

associated with the hazard in the center. For pictograms used in transport, the background color may be based on the UN Recommendations for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods.

• Multiple pictograms may appear on a product label. One pictogram will appear for a

health hazard and possibly multiple pictograms for the various physical hazards.

• The nine pictograms are listed below with the hazard class and an example chemical for each.

Pictograms Hazard Class Example Chemical

Corrosives

Hydrofluoric acid

• Used for etching in silicon semiconductor production and oil refining.

• Corrosive to metal.

Irritant or sensitizer

Acetic acid

• Used in film development and as a solvent in various industries.

• Skin irritant.

Health hazard

Formaldehyde

• Used in embalming and as a bacterial and viral disinfectant.

• Known carcinogen, lung and skin irritant and sensitizer.

Pictograms

Pictograms Hazard Class Example Chemical

Acute Toxicity

Chloroform

• Used as a solvent in many industries.

• May be toxic to kidney, liver and heart.

Flammables

Hydrogen sulfide

• A naturally occurring chemical found in natural gas during oil drilling and used in paper and pulp production.

• Flammable gas.

Explosive

Ammonium perchlorate

• Used in rocket fuel and some adhesives.

• Oxidizer and explosive hazard under certain conditions.

Gases under pressure

Oxygen

• Used in the medical field for life support and in iron smelting.

• Contents under pressure.

Oxidizer

Silver oxide

• Used in portable batteries.

• Strong oxidizer.

Environmental toxicity

Octane

• A component of refined gasoline.

• Toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates.

Pictograms

This form documents that the training specified above was presented to the listed participants. By signing below, each participant acknowledges receiving this training. Organization: Trainer: Trainer’s Signature: _____ Class Participants: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date:

Heating Devices—Portable Heaters

As winter and colder weather approach, the use of portable heaters increases. Electric or gas heaters are very handy to supplement insufficient heat in offices, homes, and other areas; however, they can create hazards if not used properly. Without careful monitoring, heaters can create an electric shock hazard, burns to users, carbon monoxide poisoning, fires, or possibly even explosions.

Recent information from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security:

• Approximately one-third of residential building portable heater fires occur in bedrooms; almost one quarter of these are started in bedding.

• Half of residential building portable heater fires result because the heat source is too close to combustible materials.

• More portable heater fires occur in residential buildings during the month of February than any other month.

Heater selection:

• When purchasing a portable heater (gas or electric) be sure that it is an approved model from a recognized testing laboratory, such as Underwriters’ Laboratories.

• Assure that it has a safety "automatic turn-off device" that will turn the heater off if it is accidently tipped over or if overheating occurs.

Heater placement:

• Choose a heater with a low center of gravity and place it on a level surface.

• Place the heater and electrical cord out of the main traffic area of a room so they do not become a trip hazard.

• Keep children and pets away from heaters to avoid burns.

• Don’t place in locations that are normal paths of travel.

• Maintain at least 36 inches between the heater and any flammable material including beds, clothing, furniture, curtains, or other flammable materials.

• Never drape or lay materials, such as wet clothing, over a space heater.

Heating Devices—Portable Heaters

Heater placement (cont.):

• Never leave a portable heater unattended. − Turn off and unplug heaters when leaving the area. − Always turn portable heaters off when you go to sleep.

Ventilation:

• Provide proper ventilation:

− Follow all manufacturer warnings and instructions.

− Fuel-burning heaters require ventilation to prevent the buildup of flammable gases and vapors.

− The accumulation of poisonous carbon monoxide is a concern with heaters that burn fuels.

• Make sure that smoke alarms and carbon monoxide alarms are installed in critical locations throughout the home or work area and test them periodically.

Electrical safety:

• Maintain and inspect the equipment to detect problems, like poor connections or electrical wire damage.

• Make sure that the circuits providing electricity to the heater are not overloaded.

Never use a heater in the following places:

• Where it can ignite combustible or flammable materials.

− Paper, wood debris, cardboard, and even frayed curtains or carpets can ignite if they are placed too close.

• In an area where there might be a possibility of an explosive atmosphere.

• In a wet environment or where moisture may be prevalent.

− For electric heaters, moisture or water presents an additional risk for electrical shock.

Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions when operating a portable heater.

Heating Devices—Portable Heaters

This form documents that the training specified above was presented to the listed participants. By signing below, each participant acknowledges receiving this training. Organization: Trainer: Trainer’s Signature: _____ Class Participants: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date:

Permit Required Confined Spaces

Protect yourself in and around confined spaces.

A confined space is a working area with limited openings for entry or exit, large enough for entering and working, and not designated for continuous occupancy. Examples of confined spaces include tanks, storage bins, underground vaults, pits, manholes, silos, and pipelines. Permits are required to enter confined spaces that:

• May contain a hazardous or potentially hazardous atmosphere • Contain materials which can engulf an entrant • Contain walls that converge inward or floors that slope downward and taper into a

smaller area which may trap or asphyxiate an entrant • May contain other serious physical hazards such as unguarded machines or exposed

live electrical wires What to do before you enter:

• First obtain authorization, training, and a permit. • A confined space supervisor’s signature is needed. • Review and understand all of the employer’s procedures. • Know how and when to exit. • Establish rescue and communication procedures with

appropriate equipment and properly trained employees. • Make sure you have only properly rated tools and

electrical equipment, to prevent inadvertent sparks that could trigger combustion in a flammable atmosphere.

• Identify and eliminate all possible hazards. • Before and during the entry, test/monitor for:

− Oxygen content − Combustible/flammable atmospheres − Toxic hazards as necessary

What to do while entering:

• Follow all of the employer’s procedures. • Lock-out/tag-out procedures should be used to control potential energy sources. • Use fall protection, retrieval systems, air monitoring, ventilation, lighting,

communication and other specified equipment according to entry procedures. • Entrants must maintain communication with a trained attendant either visually, via

phone, or by two-way radio. This monitoring system must enable the attendant and/or entry supervisor to order you to evacuate and to alert appropriately trained rescue personnel to rescue entrants when needed.

Permit Required Confined Spaces

This form documents that the training specified above was presented to the listed participants. By signing below, each participant acknowledges receiving this training. Organization: Trainer: Trainer’s Signature: Class Participants: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date:

Company: ____________________________ Foreman: ________________________ Date: ______________

There are many different hazards we are faced with on a day to day basis in the construction industry, fall hazards, ladders, electrical, fire prevention, etc. With that being said rarely is the proper attention given to attire, specifically footwear. It’s important that the footwear being utilized in the field is appropriate for the hazards we are faced with. It is recommended that employees purchase footwear which meets ASTM/ANSI approved footwear requirements, which are designed and tested to protect against impact and compression hazards as well as crushing and puncture hazards.

How do I properly maintain my boots?

Selecting the appropriate footwear is just the first step, proper wear and maintenance will prolong your footwears life.

• Check the treads regularly for debris such as rocks or gravel. • Apply a water resistant coating or leather protectant. • Store boots in a dry area. • Always lace boots fully, and snugly.

Print Name Sign Name:

Safety Tool Box Talk Protective Footwear

What should I look for when inspecting my boots?

• Proper fit & comfort • Cuts, tears, rips, or deteriorated stitching • Wear of treads on the sole of the boots • Laces intact (we are finding that failing to properly lace

and tie shoes are leading to many trip/fall and ankle injuries)

• Saturation of the interior of the boots

What hazards can appropriate footwear protect against?

• Punctures from screws, nails, and sharp objects • Slipping on ladder rungs or stair treads • Objects falling onto toes/foot. While not mandatory in

some places, protective toe boots are always recommended.

• Wet & slippery surfaces (TPO, PVC, metal decking) • Cold & wet weather • Ankle sprains/fractures due to uneven terrain. Rolling

an ankle can also lead to knee sprains and ligament tears.

The boots pictured above were worn by a roofer who sustained a serious ladder fall. The worn treads directly contributed to the employee slipping off one of the ladder rungs. Proper footwear could have prevented this. Don’t let it happen to you.

Company: _______________________Foreman:__________________Date:_______________________ With spring in our sights and the beginning of the busy season upon us, now is the time to ensure our employees have been trained on the hazards they will face and how to abate them. One of the many hazards most of us will encounter at some point in time deals with working on scaffolding or using it as a means of access. Employees must be trained on the hazards associated with scaffolding systems prior to being able to even access it. A crucial component of any scaffolding system that must be inspected prior to use is the walking/working surface.

What do I look for to ensure the walking/working surface is safe to access and work on?

• Gaps between planks should be greater than 1 inch. • Planks should extend at least six inches and no more than 12 inches past vertical supports, if the planks are

not cleated (planks 10 feet in length or less). • Planks should be scaffold grade and inspected for signs of aging, cracks, splits, notches, or other damage.

Damaged planking should immediately be taken out of service. • Planks which are greater than 10 feet in length can extend up to 18 past vertical supports. • If planks are cleated or tied in place there is no minimum distance planks must extend past vertical

supports. • There must be at least an 18 inch wide walkway on all walking/working surfaces. • The gap between the face of the scaffolding and face of the building cannot exceed 14 inches. If outriggers

are being used the gap between the face of the scaffolding and building cannot exceed 3 inches. • Employees working off from a scaffolding system 10 feet above a lower level are required to be protected

against fall hazards by either a PFAS or guardrails. • Materials should be evenly distributed on walking/working surface; heavy loads should be placed over

vertical supports. Planks should have very little deflection (not more than 1/60th of its span between supports. 10’ between supports should not deflect more than 2”.) NEVER OVERLOAD SCAFFOLDS.

• Planks cannot be covered with opaque finishes, but may be coated with wood preservatives, fire-retardant finishes and slip-resistant finishes on a periodic basis. Inspections should be performed on all wooden planks prior to use for dry rot or knots in the plank that compromise its integrity.

• Scaffolding components designed by different manufacturers can be intermixed so long as they fit together without force and the scaffoldings structural integrity is maintained.

• Scaffold planking used for mudsills should never be used later as a platform. Standing water and the point loading may weaken it.

Safety Tool Box Talk Scaffolding Working Surfaces

Walking/working surfaces can be planked with either scaffold graded planks or with

manufactured decks.

Planks must extend at least six inches (unless cleated) and not more than 12 inches past a

support.

SIGN-IN SHEET

SUBJECT: Scaffolding Working Surfaces DATE: _______________________________ TRAINER (S): _________________________

NAME (PRINT CLEARLY) SIGNATURE NOMBRE FIRMA DE EMPLEADO

Slips, Trips, and Falls

Slips, trips and falls are one of the most common causes of injury in the workplace. There are many situations that may cause slips, trips, and falls, such as ice, wet spots, grease, polished floors, improper footwear, loose flooring or carpeting, uneven walking surfaces, clutter, electrical cords, open desk drawers and filing cabinets, and damaged ladder steps. The controls needed to prevent these hazards are usually obvious, but too often ignored, such as keeping walkways and stairs clear of scrap and debris; coiling up extension cords, lines, and hoses when not in use; keeping electrical and other wires out of the way; wearing lug soles in icy weather; clearing parking lots, stairs, and walkways in snowy weather; and using salt/sand as needed. Below is an example checklist that can be used to find and correct slip, trip and fall hazards.

� Do you have an anti-slip soled shoe program in place and is it working?

� Are there times established during the day for clean-up? (Prior to breaks is a Best Practice)

� Are aisles and passageways kept clear?

� Are stairs and wet surfaces covered with non-slip materials?

� Are holes in the floor, sidewalk, or other walking surfaces repaired properly, covered, or otherwise made safe?

� Is there a walkthrough inspection process, and preventive maintenance program in place?

� Are materials or equipment stored in such a way that prevents hazards?

� Are spilled materials cleaned up immediately?

� Are all staff focused and rewarded for proper housekeeping and work area set-up?

� Are changes of direction or elevations readily identifiable?

� Are all fall hazards protected with a standard guardrail or other acceptable safeguard?

� Are bridges or other safe means provided over conveyors and similar hazards?

� Are designated pathways established for people where hazards are controlled?

� Are stairs having four or more risers equipped with standard stair railings?

This form documents that the training specified above was presented to the listed participants. By signing below, each participant acknowledges receiving this training. Organization: Trainer: Trainer’s Signature: Class Participants: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date: Name: Signature: Date:

Slips, Trips, and Falls