Safe Lashing / Securing of Loads. The requirements contained in this presentation applies to ICs, their Subcontractors and any subsequent Vendors and.

Safe Lashing / Securing of Loads

The requirements contained in this presentation applies to ICs, their Subcontractors and any subsequent Vendors and Suppliers when delivering goods to ECC project locations (including warehouses).


Responsibilities

JV and IC Management are responsible for ensuring that transport activities within their control are managed in accordance with the requirements of this procedure.

IC Management are responsible for ensuring that transport activities undertaken by themselves or any of their subcontractors within the scope of their contracts and sub-contracts are managed in accordance with the requirements contained of this procedure.


IC / Subcontractor Management are responsible for:

• Ensuring that the vehicles that are used to transport cargo and equipment are appropriate and fit for service;

• Ensuring that drivers are provided with the skills and equipment necessary to secure their loads prior to taking to the road.

Drivers are ultimately responsible for ensuring that the loads that they carry are secure prior to arriving at ECC.


Restraining of Loads

• Every load shall be restrained. The restraint system shall be strong enough to restrain the load without any movement during all expected conditions of operation.

NO LASHING shall be removed until final destination is reached and vehicle is stopped.


Tie-Down Lashings

Lashings shall be one of two types of material:

• Steel chain not less than 13 mm (1/2 inch) in thickness with grab, winged or claw hooks,

• Two 10 mm steel chain may be used in place of one 13mm in thickness steel chain with grab, winged or claw hooks.

• Webbing straps of 50 mm width or greater.

Cargo netting is also acceptable as a secondary restraint when the load is large enough not to pass through the netting.


• Ropes shall not be used to lash, tie down or restrain loads except on light vehicles.

• Steel chain shall not be used to restrain steel pipes or tubular - webbing straps shall be used.

• Hydraulic lifting arms shall not be used as a means to restrain a load


Lashings cont’d

• Tie-down web lashings shall be sufficiently tensioned to provide adequate downward restraint and prevent sideways / frontal / rearward movement.

• Pipes and tubulars shall be restrained by webbing-minimum of four web straps of 4-inch/100 mm width, and minimum of four stanchions / side stakes per side (8 in total).

• Steel chains shall not be used to secure steel pipes or tubulars.


Lashings cont’d

Lashing Material


Hand Ratchet Winch

Steel Chains

Webbing with two knots tied to repair breaks used to

tie on a tall crate, and a second webbing belt showing

severe damage. Both are unfit for use.


Web Lashing Safety Issues:

Hand Ratchet (part of web lashing assembly)

• When using a hand ratchet winch,

the operator shall not stand on the

vehicle/trailer, or load.


Types of load shifting

There are a number of reasons that loads can

shift while the vehicle is moving.


BrakingThe load can slide forward when the vehicle brakes while

driving forward, or accelerates in reverse direction.


AcceleratingThe load can shift backwards when the vehicle accelerates

forward or brakes while moving in reverse direction.


CorneringThe load can easily shift sideways when cornering.


Road gradientsWhen travelling over or hilly roads / surfaces, or when the

road surface is sloped in any direction, the load can shift

easily, even if the vehicle is stationary.


Air flowWhen the vehicle is travelling at high speed or under windy

conditions, lightweight loads, loads with large wind facing

areas, or loads in the form of sheets can dislodge from the

vehicle.


Rough road surface

When a vehicle is travelling over rough surfaces such as a graded road, an unsecured load can shift or fall off the vehicle due to vibration.


Correct choice of vehicles

Open vehicles designed for carrying loose bulk material (e.g.sand or earth)

must be fitted with a cover if there is a possibility of any of the load blowing

or falling off.


Positioning the load


Load spreading


Light

Heavy

Container Loads


Twist locks can provide all restraint for contained loads Twist Locks can provide all restraints necessary for contained loads

Lashing Loads with Dunnage

Dunnage is packing material placed between portions of the

load and between the load and vehicle. Wooden dunnage is

often used to facilitate the loading and unloading of material

by a forklift or slings.


Lashing Positions Lashing Positions


GRP pipe stacked on sculpted dunnage, positioned close to headboard, web lashing correctly placed at dunnage point, tensioned with truck winches, stanchions in place.


In this accident

It is clear that

the truck did

not have a head

board to protect

the driver.


Chocks Chocks are blocks or wedges

of either solid material, or

specially manufactured of steel

or composite-material with

holes through which securing

chains can be passed.

Adequate use of chocks


Nested pipesEach layer of pipe must be as close to the headboard as possible. If a space is required to permit hook access keep this gap as narrow as possible. The upper layer of pipes must have a portion of each pipe beneath the top of the headboard.


Pipes and Tubulars

Tie-down lashings shall be sufficiently tensioned to provide adequate downward restraint and prevent lateral movement.


Badly loaded pipes, insufficiently restrained and lashed. Stanchions too weak for adequate sideways support.

Used pipe slipping off trailer, oil covered load, insufficient tie down.

Extra care needs to be taken when transporting and securing used pipe / tubulars that contain oil residues.


Restraint for drumsRestraint for drums


Restraint for packsRestraint for packs

Restraint for Bags (sand / cement)

• Bags shall be transported in trailers

with headboards, secured by tie-down

web lashings and cargo-nets.

• When high-sided cage trailers

are used, cargo nets are

not required.



Effective use of headboard, webbing, stanchions and cargo

netting to secure a trailer of general cargo. Note that sacks and

drums are all banded to pallets.


The cylinders must be kept vertical, whether empty or full.

Incorrect way of transporting gas cylinders.


Example of poor load securing


Example of poor load securing


Hydraulic booms shall not be used to restrain loads.


QUESTION TIME!QUESTION TIME!

Safe Lashing / Securing of Loads. The requirements contained in this presentation applies to ICs, their Subcontractors and any subsequent Vendors and.

Documents

lashing loads

lightweight loads

web lashing assembly

types of load

unsecured load

web lashing safety issues

vehicle brakes

lashings lashings