Safe Distance Detector to Watching Television

Safe Distance Detector to Watching Television

1N.S Salahuddin, 2M.F Riza, 3M.F.N.Ghifari R Computer System, Faculty of Computer Science and Information

Technology, Gunadarma University

Jakarta, Indonesia [email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

4Sri Poernomo Sari

Faculty of Industrial Technology, Gunadarma University

Jakarta, Indonesia [email protected]

Abstract— Most people in the world have the habit of watching television, sometimes watching television can be a necessity for the community and some people assume that watching television at home can improve their quality of life. But being too close to watching television is not good for eye health because the eyes focus on the television, so the eye muscles will become tense. This is what can cause a decrease in eye function, especially watching in a dark room. The risk of eye pain is much greater. This is a problem that occurs in our environment so there needs to be equipment or detectors that can inform the safe distance for watching television. The purpose of this study is to produce detectors that can inform the safe distance of watching television. The detector has been designed consisting of a motion sensor (PIR sensor) that detects moving objects (humans), proximity sensors (ultrasonic sensors) detects a safe distance to watch television, the keypad to enter the diagonal size of the television screen, LCD to display safe distance and the bell produces sound if the distance is not safe to watch television. Test results show that this detector can work well to inform safe or unsafe distances when someone is watching in front of the television. This detector is ready for use in the community to prevent damage to the eyes.

Key Word— Safe distance detector, television diagonal size, Sensors.

I. INTRODUCTION Today the technology is getting more advanced, of the

many technological advances one of them is television. Almost most of the people in the world must have a habit of watching television, sometimes watching Television can be a necessity for the community. When we watch the show on television, we can get entertainment and various information from the event that is broadcast by every television station. Another plus is that we can watch it for free, although there are some television stations that require viewers to pay (television subscription).

Many benefits can be obtained from watching television because there is a lot of information and knowledge that we can get from there and some people assume that by watching television at home then they can improve the quality of life. But have we ever realized if watching television too close is very dangerous for health? . The blinding television screen makes eyes tired. we need to position the body properly so that our eyes can stay safe while watching television. Eyes

will get tired quickly because focus on seeing an object that is too long. Too long / close watching television can keep the eye focused on the television, so the eye muscles will become tense. This is what can lead to decreased eye function. Especially watching in a dark room. The risk of eye pain is much greater. This is a problem that happens in our environment today.

Based on the description above, it is necessary to design a safe detection system to watch television for our eyes. Several studies on the detection of the distance of people watching television have been widely carried out. Rif'an Tsaqif A.S et all [1], conducted research using PIR sensors to detect people but only detected the movement of humans in front of the television with a distance of 2 meters, not based on the diagonal size of television. Slamet Widodo et all [2], using Ultrasonic sensors in his research only detected the distance of objects in front of the television with a distance of 30 cm - 400 cm, also not based on the diagonal size of television. Arif Purnomo et all [3], conducted a study using proximity sensors and PIR sensors to detect safe distances watching television but the proximity sensor had to be reset if there was a change in the diagonal size of the television.

The purpose of this research is to develop a safe detection system for watching television [3] by adding a keypad to adjust the diagonal size of the television screen. This paper is organized as follows. In part 2, the detector design and explanation of the components used to build the detector. In section 3, results and detector testing. Finally, the conclusions of our study are summarized in the last section.

II. SYSTEM DESIGN In this research, we designed and built a distance-safe

detector for watching television consisting of components: microcontroller, motion sensor (PIR sensor) to detect human moving objects, proximity sensors (ultrasonic sensors) to detect safe distance for watching television, keypad to enter the value of the screen size of the television diagonal, the liquid crystal display (LCD) to display the safe / insecure distance and the bell to produce a sound when the detector detects an insecure distance to watch television.

Figure 1 is a safe distance detector design for watching television.

Fig 1. The Design of safe distance detector

Explanation : 1. Arduino Mega 5. Ultrasonic Sensor 2. PIR Sensor 6. Buzzer 3. LCD 6. Keypad

A. Arduino Mega Arduino Mega is one type of single board Microcontroller

output Arduino or often called Arduino Mega 2560 using ATMega2560 microcontroller. ATmega2560 has 256 KB of flash memory for storing code, 8 KB SRAM and 4 KB EEPROM. Each of the 54 digital pins on Mega can be used as input or output, using the functions pinMode (), digitalWrite (), and digitalRead () [3].

Fig 2. Arduino Mega

B. Buzzer Buzzer is an electronic component that serves to convert

electrical vibrations into vibrations of sound. in this study the bell was used as an indicator that the distance is not safe for watching television [4].

Fig 3. Buzzer

C. Ultrasonic Sensor / Modul (SRF05) Ultrasonic sensor is a sensor that works based on the

principle of the reflection of sound waves where this sensor produces sound waves which then catch it back with time difference as the base of its detection. The time difference between the sound waves emitted by the re-capture of the sound waves is directly proportional to the distance or height of the reflecting object. The types that can be reflected are solid, liquid, granular, or textile used to detect the presence of a particular object in front of it. The working frequency of this ultrasonic sensor is in the area above the sound wave that is from 40 Hz to 400 KHz. The ultrasonic sensor consists of two units, the transmitting unit and the receiver unit [2].

Fig 4. Ultrasonic Sensor / modul (SRF05)

D. PIR Sensor The PIR (Passive Infrared) sensor is a sensor that captures

the emission of infrared signals emitted by the human and animal bodies. The PIR sensor can respond to changes in emission of the infrared signals emitted by the human body. Changes in the intensity of the emission of infrared signals also cause changes in the electrical load on the sensor. The sensor elements are also sensitive to radiation beyond the width of the range, thereby adding filters to the sensor packaging to limit the jets of the human body [5].

Fig 5. PIR Sensor

E. Keypad Keypad to be used in the design of this tool is a 3x4

membrane keypad. In the detector, the keypad will be used to input the diagonal size of the television to be used [7].

Fig 6. 3x4 Keypad

2 3

4

6

5

1

F. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is a viewer of a liquid

crystal material which operates using a dot matrix system. The LCD function in this design is used to display the results of the microcontroller calculation process. In this design, the LCD used is a 16x2 LCD that has a backlamp.LCD is connected with Port B on Atmega 8535 microcontroller [1].

Fig 7. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

G. Screen Diagonal Comparison Method Watching television itself has its own rules to avoid the

harmful effects. There is safe distance to watch television according to international standards. The formula for measuring a safe distance is 5 times the size of the television [2].

To estimate the safe distance of watching television as follows:

1. 14 inches = 14 x 5 x 0,0254.= 1,78 meters 2. 17 inches = 17 x 5 x 0,0254.= 2,16 meters 3. 20 inches = 20 x 5 x 0,0254.= 2,54 meters 4. 21 inches = 21 x 5 x 0,0254.= 2,67 meters 5. 29 inches = 29 x 5 x 0,0254.= 3,67 meters 6. 32 inches = 32 x 5 x 0,0254.= 4,07 meters 7. 50 inches = 50 x 5 x 0,0254.= 6,35 meters

Explanation :

- The screen diagonal is the distance of the top left of the screen to the bottom right of the screen.

- Inchi (") is a non-standard international distance unit where 1 inch = 0.0254m.

- For other television screen sizes you can count yourself by multiplying the diagonal of the screen by 5 then multiplying again 0.0254.

III. RESULTS AND TESTING Figure 8 shows the prototype of a safe distance detector

to watching televisoin.

(a)

(b)

Fig 8. Prototype of Safe distance detector (a) Top view (b) Front view

The detector workflow from the safe-distance detector to

watch television as shown in figure 9. The process begins by inserting the television's size on the Keypad. Furthermore the size of the television is processed to obtain a safe distance on the microcontroller.

Fig 9. Detector Workflow

Furthermore, the PIR sensor works to detect, whether there is a moving object (person) or not through a movement. Here

the PIR Sensor will keep checking the existence of moving objects around it. The next process of ultrasonic sensors will read the distance between the television and the person watching the television. When the distance is within the safe distance of watching television, the process will be completed and a safe description will appear on the LCD. If the distance is not yet within the safe distance of watching television, the alarm alert will sound through Buzzer and warning notes also appear via the LCD. And if the person's position has moved after getting a warning, the Ultrasonic sensor will detect the distance between the television and the person watching the television.

Testing were done on the detector that included measurements of Ultrasonic sensor and PIR Sensor on a 14 Inches television, as showb below:

(a)

(b)

(c)

Fig 10. Testing of detector (a)Position of unsafe distance (b) Person () Output on LCD Detector

In figure 10a is the position where a person (figure 10b) is

watching with a distance of 1 meter in front of the television. Figure 10c is the result of detection of the detector shown on the LCD informing that this distance is not safe for watching television.

(a)

(b)

(c)

Fig 11. Testing of detector (a)Position of safe distance (b) Person (c) Output

on LCD Detector

In figure 11a is the position where a person (figure 11b) is watching with a distance of 2 meters in front of the television. Figure 11c is the result of detection of the detector shown on the LCD informing that this distance is safe for watching television.

The test results with some distance a person is watching in front of the television is shown in table 1.

TABLE I. RESULTS OF DETECTOR MEASUREMENT

Figure 12a is a condition where no person is watching in front of the television. Figure 9b is the result of detection of the detector shown on the LCD informing that no one is watching television.

Distance Measurement Explanation

1,00 meters Unsafe Distance 1,29 meters Unsafe Distance 1,78 meters Unsafe Distance 1,79 meters Safe Distance 2,10 meters Safe Distance 2,50 meters Safe Distance 3,00 meters Safe Distance

(a)

(b)

Fig 12. Testing of detector (a) No Person (b) Output on LCD Detector

IV. CONCLUSION The test results have been done by entering some diagonal

size of the television, the detector can inform through the LCD screen the safe distance, if the distance a person watching in front of the television distance according to the size of the diagonal television and if the distance is too close to the television then buzzer beeps and LCD screen informs the distance is not safe to watch television. The test results show that this detector can function properly and ready for use in the community so as to prevent damage to the eye.

REFERENCES [1] Rif’an Tsaqif A.S & Iswanto,”Implementasi Senor Pyroelectric Infra

Red (PIR) sebagai pewaktu televisi”, Jurnal Ilmiah Semesta Teknika,vol.13,No.2,pp.130-136, November 2010.

[2] Slamet Widodo, Robertus Laipaka & Nina Eka Putriani “Rancang bangun alat pendeteksi jarak aman menonton TV menggunakan Mikrokontroler Atmega 8535”, Prosiding Seminar Nasional: Forum In Research, Science, and Technology (FIRST), pp.137-141, Oct 2015.

[3] Arif Purnomo , Catur Edi W, Muhamad Iqbal P, Roy Fernando, Yossy Ariyanto,”Smart Sensor Telelvison: Alat pendeteksi jarak pandang televisi otomatis sebagai upaya menjaga kesehatan mata,” [on-line], http://artikel.dikti.go.id/index.php/PKMKC/article/view/120

[4] Fauziah, N.S. Salahuddin & Trini Saptriani ”, Perancangan Prototipe Sistem Pemantau dan Lokasi Tempat Sampah Kota Depok via SMS”, Konferensi Nasional Sistem Informasi (KNSI) 2018, ISBN:978-602-51481-0-1,pp.10, March 2018.

[5] N.S. Salahuddin, N.M. Husen, J. Harlan, A.B. Mutiara “ Wireless Detector to Detect Heartbeat of Premature Babies”, IEEE Internastional Conference on Electronics Technology and Industrial Development, 2013.

[6] A. G. Amrulloh, B. Dirgantoro Ir., M.T., A. N. Jati ST., M.T. “Implementasi Pendeteksi Gerak Manusia Dengan Sensor Passive Infra-Red (PIR) Sebagai Kontrol Arah Kamera dan Sistem Pengendali Kunci Pintu dan Jendela Menggunakan Mikrokontroler”, e-Proceeding of Engineering, vol.2, no.1, pp.725-732, April. 2015.

[7] Keypad, User Manual for membrane 3x4 Matrix Keypad,[on-line] http://www.mantech.co.za/Datasheets/Products/ME043_IDUINO.pdf,(acces,May 2018)