SAD

SAD

Dissociative Fugue

Psychological Disorders and

TreatmentMyers Ch. 12 & 13

Disorders in pop-culture

As Good as it Gets

Copycat Talladega Nig

hts What about B

ob

Defining disorders 1) Deviant 2) Distressful 3) Dysfunctional Patterns of

thoughts, feelings, or behaviors

Understanding disorders

Medical Model—approaching abnormal psychology as a disease that has symptoms, and can be diagnosed and treated.

Diathesis-stress model—suggests that a person may be predisposed for a mental disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by stress

Terms to know… Etiology—cause Comorbidity—

co-occurence of two or more disorders in a singe individual

Controversial Topics in Abnormal Psychology

Multiple Personality Disorder (DID)

Constructed memories

Exists primarily in the US

Controversial Topics in Abnormal Psychology

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

The Purple Heart is not given to soldiers diagnosed with PTSD because it is not a physical wound.

Psychological stigma Why so recognized

now?

Controversial Topics in Abnormal Psychology

Cultural/Gender Bias in diagnosis

ADHD/ODD Histrionic

Personality Disorder—attention seeking, provocative, heightened sexual activity

Anxiety Disorders GAD Phobias Panic

disorders OCD

Mood Disorders Bipolar Disorder

Mania and depressed states Treated with lithium Virginia Woolf, Winston

Churchill, Ernest Hemmingway, Teddy Roosevelt

Depressive Disorders Major Depressive Disorder SAD “learned helplessness

theory” SSRI

Dissociative Disorders

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Dissociative Amnesia—loss of memory of significant personal information

Dissociative Fugue—loss of memory of one’s personal history along with an abrupt departure from home and the assumption of a new identity

Developmental Disorders

ADHD Conduct Disorders

(ODD) Learning Disorders Communication

Disorders Autism—impairment in

communication and social interaction (can be considered an emotional deficit)

Personality Disorders

Odd/Eccentric Schizotypal, Paranoid,

Schizoid

Dramatic/erratic— antisocial, borderline,

histrionic, narcissistic

Anxious/inhibited— avoidant or dependant

personality disorders

Schizophrenia Schizophrenia One of the most

devastating and mystifying of the mental disorders

Occurs in roughly 1% of the population

Effects men slightly more than women

Late onset disorder

Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Delusion—false belief, often bizarre, grandiose, and/or persecution.

Hallucination—false perceptual experience (i.e., hearing voices

Disorganized speech—severe disruption of verbal communication in which ideas shift rapidly and incoherently

Grossly disorganized behavior—behavior that is inappropriate for the situation

Negative Symptoms—emotional and social withdrawal, apathy, etc…aka, and absence of certain normal behavior or motivation

Types of Schizophrenia

Paranoid Type—characterized by absurd illogical delusions, vivid hallucinations, resulting in poor judgment and dangerous behaviors

“A Beautiful Mind” John Nash

Types of Schizophrenia

Catatonic Type—characterized by alternating periods of extreme withdrawal and extreme excitement

Types of Schizophrenia

Disorganized Type—a more severe disintegration of the personality. Emotional distortion is typically manifested in inappropriate laughter, peculiar mannerisms, bizarre often obscene behavior.

Types of Schizophrenia

Undifferentiated Type—displays symptoms of previous three types

Residual Type—mild symptoms following a more intense episode

Biological Factors Dopamine hypothesis Strong genetic

component Treated with dopamine

blocking medication—antipsychotics

2 to 3 times more likely to smoke—self medicating? Answers for treatment?

Tardive Dyskinesia

Positive Psychology Martin Seligman—

human happiness and virtue deserve the same attention as disorders

What creates happiness? Genetics Friends Money Comes from goodness

Treatment and Therapy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3JPa2mvSQ4

Types of therapists Psychologist Psychiatrist Social Worker Counselor

The crazy stuff we used to do…

Hydrotherapy = waterboarding

Lobotomies Blood letting Cocaine Shock therapy

Types of Modern Therapy

Psychodynamic Therapy 29% of therapy Why we still talk

about Freud Dream Analysis Free Association Projective Tests

Types of Therapy Behavioral

Therapy Focuses on changing

maladaptive behaviors into more constructive ones

Token economy— Exposure Therapy—

systematic desensitization

Exposure hierarchy Aversive

conditioning

Types of Therapy Humanistic/

Existential Therapies Person Centered

Therapy: Rogers Active listening—

paraphrase, clarification, reflect feelings

Unconditional positive regard

Gestalt Therapy: the whole person/situation—role playing

Types of Therapy Cognitive

Therapy Involves teaching

clients to change belief patterns.

CBT—Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; very effective in treating depression, and anxiety.

Aaron Beck + Dalai Lama

Types of Therapy Group

Therapy Couple and family

therapy Substance abuse Divorce support

Drug Therapies Psychopharmacology Antipsychotic drugs—

Schizophrenia—dopamine

Anti--anxiety medications Increase GABA High risk of tolerance

development Withdrawal causes

anxiety, so…

Drug Therapies Antidepressants and

mood stabilizers Connections to

suicide?

SSRIs Serotonin and

Norepinephrine