RUSSIA MILITARY Quick Reference Guide U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command GTA 20-10-001 T-72 Combat Weight (tons): 44.5 Max Speed (km/h): 60 Main Armament (mm): 125 Max Effective Range (km): 2-3 January 2020
RUSSIA MILITARYQuick Reference Guide
U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command
GTA 20-10-001
T-72Combat Weight (tons): 44.5
Max Speed (km/h): 60
Main Armament (mm): 125
Max Effective Range (km): 2-3
January 2020
Table of ContentsRussian Military Districts Overview ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……. 3
Russian Military Headquarters Overview ..………………………………………………………………………………………….……………. 4
Typical Table of Organization and Equipment (TO&E)..……..…………………………….……………………………………………….….5-6
Military Districts and Order of Battle .…………………………………………………………………………………………………..……… 7-19
Western Military District ……………………………………………...……………………………………………...……………. 8
Western Military District Order of Battle ……………………………………………….………………….... 9-10
Southern Military District …………………………………………………………………………………………………….........11
Southern Military District Order of Battle ………………………………………………………………..... 12-13
Central Military District ………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………. 14
Central Military District Order of Battle ……………..…………………………………………….…………... 15
Eastern Military District ………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….….16
Eastern Military District Order of Battle …….………………………………………………………….…..….. 17
Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command…………………………………………………………………..…….….18
Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command Order of Battle...................................................….. 19
Airborne Forces Order of Battle ……………………………………………………………………………………….……...21-22
Ratnik…………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………...….24
Equipment……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...….26-32
Russian Small Arms and RPGs.……….…………………………………………………………………………….……………………....….… 26
Russian Anti-Tank Guided Missiles.……………………………………………………………………………………….….…………...……... 27
Russian Combat Vehicles……….………………………………………………………………………………………….………………...….... 28
Russian Indirect Fire.…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………….... 29
Russian Air Defense.………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….………………… 30
Russian Helicopters in Western District.…………………………………………………………………………………………………...… 31-32
Rank Structure……………………...………………………………………………………………................................................................… 34
Appendix A Symbology Key……..……………………...…………………………………..………………………………………………......… 36
Appendix B Quick Facts……..……………………...……………………………………………….........................................................… 37-38
Moscow implemented a new Joint Strategic Command (OSK) structure in 2010 to better facilitate joint military operations. Russia converted its six military districts into four OSKs. In 2015, Russia created a fifth OSK, the Northern Fleet, to improve its capability to project military power into the Arctic and to take advantage of the opening of the Russia’s Northern Sea Route.
Russian Military Districts Overview
3
Since 1862, Russian military forces have aligned under military districts based off territorial association. Territorial divisions are utilized to provide more efficient management of units, their training, and activities related to combat readiness. A military district command has units of all military branches (Ground Forces, Air Force and Air Defenses, Navy) under their supervision.
Russian Military Headquarters Overview
Baltic SeaFleet
6
XXXX
1
XXXX
20
XXXX
8
XXXX
58
XXXX
49
XXXX
NorthernFleet
CaspianFlotilla
2
XXXX
41
XXXX
36
XXXX
29
XXXX
35
XXXX
5
XXXX
PacificFleet
4
Typical TO&E
II
31 x MBT (93)
X
Personnel: 3,000Equipment: T-72B3/T-80/T-90
II
MT-LBV/BTR (43)
II
2S19 (18)
II
2S25 (6)9P162 (24)
II
BM-21 (18)
II
SA-15B (12)SA-18 (9)
II
2S6M1 (6)SA-13 (6)
II
MBT (41)
II
18 x 2S19 (18)
II
2S25 (6)9P162 (24)
II
BM-21 (18)
II
SA-15B (12)SA-18 (9)
II
2S6M1 (6)SA-13 (6)
X
Personnel: 3,000-4,500Equipment: BMP-2/BMP-3/MT-LBV
II
MBT (41)
II
2S19 (36)
II
2S25 (6)9P162 (24)
II
BM-21 (18)
II
SA-15B (12)SA-18 (9)
II
2S6M1 (6)SA-13 (6)
II
43 x BMP/MT-LBV (129)
X
Personnel: 3,000-4,500Equipment: BTR-80/BTR-82/BTR-90
II
43 x BTR (129)
5
Typical TO&E
X
II
2S25 (6)9P162 (18)
II
9A52-4 (18)
X X
Personnel: 1,000Equipment: 2S19/2S35
II
18 x Howitzers (36)
X
Personnel: 500Equipment: 9A52-2/9A52-4
II
6 x Launchers (18)
II
2S19 (18)
Personnel: 400-500Equipment: SA-15B/SA-18
II
Personnel: 500Equipment: 2S6M1/SA-13
SA-15B (36)SA-18 (27)
II
MANPAD (27)
2S6M1 (18)SA-13 (18)
II
6
COMMAND: The Western Military District is headquartered in St Petersburg, Russia
Personnel (active): 150,000
Western Military District
3
III
752
3
III
237
3
X
252
6
X
138
6
X
25
144
III
488
144
III
182
144
III
228
11
III
7
11
X
79
BF
X
336
1
X
6
2
III
1 2
III
15 2
III
1
4
III
12 4
III
13 4
III
423
1
X
27
8
9
X
13825
X
5
X
26
X
95
XOPS
132
X
51
X
30
III6
III
3
XX
144
XX
252752
III
237
III
99
III
1143
III
84
II
SF
337
II
692
II
911
II
488182
III
228
III
1259
III
148
II
SF
1281
II
686
II
295
II
448
X
9
XOPS
11
XXX
7
III
79
X
244
X
152
X
22
III
856
III
Western Military District Order of Battle
336
X
XXXX
6
XXXX
20 Baltic Sea Fleet
*Insignia not available for all units. 9
115
III
1
III
147
III
1117
III
136
II
SF
211
II
47
II
1063
II
1213
III
49
X
137
II
SF
413
II
1088
II
112
X
60
XOPS
202
X
82
II
275
III
1174
II
423
III
538
III
330
II
165
II
27
X
6
X
96
X
SF
288
X
53
X
69
X
45
X
Operational GroupTransnistria
113
II
540
IIOPS
79
X
Western Military District Order of Battle
XX
2
XXXX
1XX
4
10*Insignia not available for all units.
COMMAND: The Southern Military District is headquartered in Rostov-On-Don, Russia
Personnel (active): 100,000
Southern Military District
150
III
102 150
III
103
150
III
163 150
III
68
49
X
34 49
X
205
58
X
19
42
III
71 42
III
291
42
III
70
58
X
136
CF
II
414
CF
II
727
8
X
20
11
42
XX
7071291
III
50
III
1203
III
19136
X
67
X
100
X
SF
12
X
291
X
Southern Military District Order of Battle
7
Base
49
XXXX
227
X
90
X1
X
66
XOPS
205
X
34
X
4
Base 25
III
SF
150
XX
102103
III
933
III
68163
III
381
III
20
X
XXXX
58
XXXX
8
*Insignia not available for all units. 12
Southern Military District Order of Battle
102
XXXX
988
III22
XXXBase
127
X
SF
126
X
8
III
15
X
810
X
414727
II
77
X
439
X
11
X28
X
Black Sea Fleet Caspian Flotilla
*Insignia not available for all units. 13
COMMAND: The Central Military District is headquartered in Khabarovsk
Personnel (active): 200,000
Central Military District
90
III
239
2
X
30 2
X
15
2
X
21
90
III
690
III
80
90
III
228
41
X
35
41
X
74
41
X
41
14
Central Military District Order of Battle
201
Base
2
XXXX
385
X
297
X
92
X
91
XOPS
90
XX
61
X
400
III
950
III
2
X
71
X
105
X
301521
X
239680
III
228
III
33
X
3574
X
14992191
III
120
X
119
X
10
III
35
XOPS
106
X
28
X
232
X
29
X
179
XOPS
XXXX
41
55
X
*Insignia not available for all units. 15
COMMAND: The Eastern Military district is headquartered in Khabarovsk, Russia
Personnel (active): 200,000
Eastern Military District
36
X
5
36
X
37
29
X
36
35
X
38
35
X
69
5
X
57
PF
X
155
5
X
70
5
X
59
5
X
60
68
X
3935
X
64
PF
X
40
18
III
49
18
III
46
16
305
X
8
X
20
X
80
XOPS
101
X
25
III
70595760
X
Eastern Military District Order of Battle
165
X
71
X
107
X
54
XOPS
103
X
35
III
6438
X
69
X
36
XXXX
30
X
35
X
103
X
75
XOPS
102
X
26
III
37
X5
X
200
X
140
X3
X
104
X19
III
36
X
68
XXX
18
XX
4649
III
39
X
15540
X
520
X
72
X
5
XXXX
35
XXXX
29
XXXX
Pacific Fleet
*Insignia not available for all units. 17
COMMAND: The Northern Fleet and the Joint Arctic Command is headquartered in Severomorsk, Russia
Personnel (active): 50,000
Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command
14
X
200
NF
X
61
14
X
80
18
Northern Fleet and Arctic Joint Strategic Command Order of Battle
14
XXX
20080
X
61
X
536
X
Northern Fleet
*Insignia not available for all units. 19
Airborne Forces Order of Battle
1141
III
3
III108247
III
V
162
II
629
II
743
II
1681
II6
II
185
IIC
M
1140
III
4
III104234
III
V
175
II
656
II
728
II
1682
II7
II
242
IIC
M
5
III
1683
II15
II
243
IIC
M
217331
III
215
II
661
II
647
II
1
III
1060
II43
II
110
IIC
M
51137
III
173
II
388
II
731
II
1065
III
1182
III
I
I
I
498499
II
I
I
9
II
I
XXX
XX
7
XX
76
XX
98
XX
106
X
11
*Insignia not available for all units.21
Airborne Forces Order of Battle
I
I
I
I
I
II
I
II
VII
I
I
I
I
I
II
I
II
I
I
I
I
I
I
II
598635654 II
9
X
38
II
218
II
SF
901
II
MI
226285
III
II
1120
266
IIC
M
X
31
X
56
X
83 45
X
242
X
*Insignia not available for all units. 22
Ratnik Russian Military Combat Kit
The Russian military issues Ratnik as load-bearing equipment and combat gear. Ratnik is meant to provide all Russian soldiers a combat kit suited for future combat environments. The total kit is over forty pieces and worn with an all-season camouflage uniform that includes body armor (6B45) and a lightweight helmet (6B47) that can be fitted with advanced vision gear. Modular elements include additional armored thigh and shoulder trauma plates for infantry, and the modern Strelets voice, data, and video communications system with a GLONASS satellite navigation module. 24
PKM
Makarov
Weapon SystemMakarov
(Pistol)AK-74
(Automatic Rifle)RPK
(Machinegun)PKM
(Machinegun)RPG-7
(Grenade Launcher)SPG-9
(Recoilless Rifle)AGS-17
(Grenade Launcher)
Caliber (mm) 9 5.45 7.62 7.62 40 73 30
System Weight (kg) .81 3.6 6.8 15.5 6.3 47 31
Max Effective Range (m) 50 500 1000 1500 300 1300 800
Rate of Fire (per min) 30 650 600 650 4-6 6 350-400
Rounds per magazine 8 30 40/75 100-200 3 6 29
Armor Penetration (mm) - - - - 260 400 -
Crew - - - - 2 4 2
Russian Small Arms and RPGs
RPKAK-74
AGS-17RPG-7 SPG-9
26
Weapon System9M111 (Fagot)
9M113 (Konkurs)
9M115(Metis)
9M115-2(Metis-M)
9M133(Kornet)
Caliber (mm) 120 135 93 130 152
Max Effective Range (m) 2000 4000 1000 2000 5500
Min Effective Range (m) 70 70 40 80 100
Armor Penetration (mm) 400 600 460 1000 1300
Guidance System SACLOS SACLOS SACLOS SACLOS SACLOS
System Weight with Rocket (kg) 34 37.1 16.5 24.3 55
Crew 2 2-3 2 3 2
Russian Anti-Tank Guided Missiles (ATGM)
9M115-2
9M111 9M1159M113
9M133
27
Weapon System T-90A BTR-90 BMP-3U BMD-4
Combat Weight (tons) 46.5 20.9 18.7 13.4
Max Speed (km/h) 60 100 70 70
Main Armament (mm) 125 30 30 100/30
Basic Load HE / APAT-5 Spandrel
PKT coax
2A42 30mm AT-5 Spandrel
AGS-17DPKT Coax
500 x 30mm22 x 100mm3 x GLATGM
PKT Coax
100mm 2A70 2A42 30mm PKT Coax
Max Effective Range (km) 5 4.5 5 7
Rate of Fire (per min) 5 50 50 12
Russian Combat VehiclesT-90A
BMP-3U
BTR-90
BMD-4
28
Weapon System D-30 TOS-1 2S19 9A52-2
Combat Weight (tons) 2.8 45.3 42 43.7
Max Speed (km/h) 60 60 60 60
Main Armament (mm) 122 220 152.4 300
Basic Load 50 30 50 12
Rate of Fire (per min) 10-12 120 6-8 24-26
Max Effective Range (km) 30 17 60 90
Russian Indirect Fire KeyD-30 TOS-1
2S19 9A52-2
29
Weapon System SA-17 ZSU-23 SA-21 SA-22
Combat Weight (tons) 35 19 20 30
Max Speed (km/h) 80 50 60 50
Main Armament (mm) 400 4×23 2A7 40N6E 2A38M 30mm23YA6 missile
Basic Load or Stowage 4 2000 4 12x23Ya62000x30mm
Rate of Fire (per min) 24 4,000 17-20 4,000
Max Effective Range (km) 40 20 200 50
Russian Air DefenseSA-17 ZSU-23
SA-21 SA-22
30
Weapon System Ka-52A (Attack) Mi-28N (Attack) Mi-35 (Attack) Mi-26 (Utility/Transport)
Combat Weight (tons) 10.8 11.5 11.5 56
Max Speed (km/h) 310 320 310 295
Armaments 1x30mm Cannon (460 Rounds)
1x30mm Cannon (300 Rounds)
Two-barrel 23mm cannon -
12 x Vikhr AT 4 x Igla-V AA
16 x Ataka Ataka-V AT/Shturm-V AT/Igla AA
-
Crew/Troops 2 2 2/8 5/80
Max Effective Range (km) 520 460 435 1,952
Russian Helicopters in Western DistrictKa-52A
Mi-35 Mi-26
Mi-28N
31
Weapon System Mi-8MTV-5 (Attack/Utility) Mi-24 (Attack) Mi-8 (Utility/Transport)
Combat Weight (tons) 13 12.5 12
Max Speed (km/h) 250 310 250
Armaments 2 x 7.62 mm machine guns 23mm twin-barrel cannon 7.62mm and 12.7mm trainable machine guns
Ataka-V AT/Shturm-V AT/Igla AA
9M114 Shturm (AT-6 Spiral) 9M17P Skorpion/9M114 Shturm/9M120 Vikhr AT/Igla-V AA
Crew/Troops 3/26 3/8 3/24
Max Effective Range (km) 580 450 350
Russian Helicopters in Western District
Mi-8
Mi-8MTV-5 Mi-24
32
Appendix A “Symbology Key”
Infantry
Motor Rifle
Mountain Infantry
Mountain Motor Rifle
Naval Infantry
SF Special Forces (Spetsnaz)
Tank
Artillery
Self-Propelled Artillery
Reactive Artillery
Anti-Aircraft Missile
Anti-Aircraft Missile-Artillery
CBRN
Base Military Base
OPS
Command and Control
Communications
Engineer
Logistics
Airborne Infantry
C
MCargo Medium Lift
Medical
MaintenanceAnti-Tank
Anti-Tank Artillery
Reconnaissance
Air Assault InfantryV
36
Appendix B “Quick Facts”
Ground Troops or Sukhoputniye Voyska are the land warfighting component of the Russian Ministry of Defense. The Ground Troops constitute the largest component of the Russian Federation armed forces.
Motorized Rifle Troops units are the most abundant formations in Russia's Ground Troops. Essentially mounted infantry, these are highly mobile forces tasked with holding territory, repulsing enemy attacks, breaking through enemy defenses, capturing important areas, and defeating the enemy.
Tank Troops are the main strike component of the Ground Troops. They support Motorized Rifle Troop missions with direct fires during meeting engagements.
Missile Troops and Artillery are the main means of indirect fires for Russian combined arms operations. Missile Troops and Artillery forces are organized into missile, rocket-artillery, and combined artillery units. Missile units operate close/short-range ballistic missiles. Rocket-artillery units operate multiple rocket launchers (MLRs), and combined artillery units operate composite towed or self-propelled artillery and MLRs.
Air Defense Troops provide air defense for the Ground Troops. These units are equipped with anti-aircraft missiles, anti-aircraft artillery, anti-aircraft gun-and-missile systems, and portable anti-aircraft missile systems.
Reconnaissance Troops perform a wide range of tasks in order to provide decision makers with information about enemy strength, disposition, terrain, and weather conditions.
Engineer Troops perform a variety of specialized tasks, including the construction of fortifications, installation of obstacles (mine fields, etc.), the preparation of field deployment locations, the preparation and maintenance of deployment routes, the construction of bridges and ferry crossings, and water purification.
Nuclear Biological Chemical Defense Troops are specialized forces tasked with mitigating the effects of nuclear, biological, or chemical contamination.
Signal Troops are specialized forces designed for the deployment and maintenance of mobile redundant command, control, and communications systems.
37
Appendix B “Quick Facts”
Since 2010, there have been significant improvements in the condition of Russian ground arms, including the modernization andupgrade of the main battle tank (MBT) inventory. The active inventory includes the T-72, T-80U, and T-90 MBTs.
The T-72 is one of Russia’s oldest active MBTs and has been upgraded to include substantial enhancements in explosive reactive armor, electronic components, and enhanced navigation systems.
Russia remains the second largest arms exporter worldwide, in terms of the annual value of both its export contracts and equipment deliveries. Russia is an exporter of nearly every category of conventional military equipment, from small arms to long-range airdefense systems and submarines.
Russia's Airborne Troops or VDV (Vozdushno-Desantniye Voyska) is an independent arm of service within the Russian Federation armed forces. In its role as rapid response or initial assault forces, the VDV may be used to achieve specific objectives that shape the battle space for follow-on ground forces.
These may include:
-Seizing key terrain (i.e., bridges, airports, and seaports).
-Establishing blocking positions and vertical envelopment of a retreating enemy.
-Disrupting enemy logistical supplies, communications, and command centers.
-Destroying high value targets.
38