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WELCOME to the WEBINAR
Rural BC Community Energy and Emissions:
Decision Support Tools and Approaches1:30-3:00pm PST, November 23rd, 2011
Dale Littlejohn, Executive DirectorDale Littlejohn, Executive Director
Community Energy AssociationCommunity Energy Association11
DISTRICT OF SICAMOUS’ Journey to BC
Hydro’s CEEP Quick Start
Where did it START for SICAMOUS
• 2007 the District supported the Climate Action Charter, but did
not sign it.
• 2008 with the introduction of Bill 27 and changes to the Local
Government Act Council signed the Charter.
The journey towards a Community Energy and Emissions Plan
(CEEP)
BEGINS.
AND
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• May of 2009 the District adopted its NEW Official Community Plan (OCP),
which included a number of GHG policies but no specific targets.
DISTRICT OF SICAMOUS’ Journey to BC
Hydro’s CEEP Quick Start
• June 2009 Staff was introduced to the Provincial Community Energy and
Emissions Inventory (CEEI) calculations being done for all local governments.
The question was: does the District hire a consulting firm or rely on the The question was: does the District hire a consulting firm or rely on the
Provincial’s CEEI calculations and targets to determine the District’s OCP
targets.
• May 2010 the District went with using the Provincial CEEI calculations, but
used the FCM PCP “aspirational” targets when adopting its OCP.
ANSWER
13
DISTRICT OF SICAMOUS’ Journey to BC
Hydro’s CEEP Quick Start
• Now the fun part – coming up with a Plan.
• Unlike the becoming Carbon Neutral at the Corporate Level, reducing overall
community emissions presents a unique challenge….
….changing the habits and views of individuals.….changing the habits and views of individuals.
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DISTRICT OF SICAMOUS’ Journey to BC
Hydro’s CEEP Quick Start
• February 2010 - Young Anderson’s Planning Seminar
‘GREEN TOOLS for Large-Scale Development’ were discussed.
• The seminar identified specific tools to meet the objective of reducing Energy
Consumption for developments, including:
- Require solar/electrical/heating/cooling or Biogas/Biosolid energy production;- Require solar/electrical/heating/cooling or Biogas/Biosolid energy production;
Village of Queen Charlotte Village of Queen Charlotte Bill Beamish, CAO Bill Beamish, CAO
Sustainability Solutions GroupSustainability Solutions GroupYuillYuill Herbert, Director Herbert, Director
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Queen Charlotte is located on Haida Gwaii, the traditional territory of the Haida Nation
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� We are located in the Skeena-Queen Charlotte Regional District
� The total population of Haida Gwaii is approximately 5,000 people
� There are 5 main communities, Masset (980), Port Clements (360), Queen Charlotte (960) and the Haida Communities of Old Massett and Skidegate
Our CommunitiesOur Communities
Communities of Old Massett and Skidegate
� Sandspit is the largest of the rural communities on Haida Gwaii
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Our link to the BC mainland, Prince Rupert, for food, supplies, access to medical specialists , school sports events….6 hours one way.
We also have 2 airports with connections to Vancouver (2 hours)
Transportation
Masset is 115km from Queen Charlotte on Highway 16
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� Remoteness
� Access to services
� Transportation Service and Cost
� High costs for food and materials
� Electricity - Diesel generators and small hydro project (EPCOR)
� Lack of local government capacity for projects
� Dealing with off island government bureaucracies
ChallengesChallenges
materials
� Small population base
� Independent/environmentally aware) thinkers
government bureaucracies
� Dependency on grants for projects
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On November 11, 2011, the prices of gas and diesel were $1.66 and $1.57 per liter respectively (and no, we do not pay the GVRD Transit taxes)
High Cost of Fuel
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� Our Climate Action Plan was completed in 2011 by the Sustainability Solutions Group
� The Plan was jointly funded by a BC Planning Grant ($10,000) and the balance shared equally by Masset, Port Clements and Queen Charlotte
� The Plan does not include any of the rural areas or Haida communities
� The Plan took approximately 3 months to complete
Climate Action Plan Climate Action Plan –– A Regional A Regional ApproachApproach
� The Plan took approximately 3 months to complete
� Queen Charlotte Council adopted the Plan and has incorporated it into a new OCP
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� Compact communities with higher than average proportion of cycling and walking rates than the provincial averages
� Opportunity to develop a Revolving Loan Fund vs. Purchase of Carbon Offsets
� Municipal Partnership Opportunities – Energy and Transportation
� All communities need clean electrical energy vs. existing diesel generation
� Community Economic Development opportunities exist for the
Highlights of the PlanHighlights of the Plan
� Community Economic Development opportunities exist for the development of clean energy options
� Specific options were developed for each community
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� 2020 Targets:
◦ Reduce GHG’s by 20% over 2007 levels
◦ Reduce solid waste production by 50%
◦ Reduce liquid waste by 50%
� Actions:◦ establish a revolving energy efficiency loan fund
◦ develop a island wide transportation strategy
◦ Develop renewable energy through utility and household scale generation
◦ district energy system
◦ developing a composting
Queen Charlotte Targets and Queen Charlotte Targets and Actions (Actions (www.queencharlotte.cawww.queencharlotte.ca) )
◦ Produce 26% of food requirements locally
◦ developing a composting system and encouraging recycling
◦ Support low flow toilets, composting toilets and other water conservation measures
32
GHG emissions-
BC Emissions
Factor (tCO2e)
Offset cost ($)-
BC Emissions
Factor*
GHG emissions-
North/South Grid
emissions factor
(tCO2e)
Offset cost ($)-
North/South Grid
emissions factor
Queen Charlotte 52 $1,316 135.3 $3,383
Table 1: Total emissions and cost of offsets for two different emissions factors*This is based on an offset cost of $25/tonne, the going rate from the Pacific Carbon Trust.
Masset
Port Clements
172.5
81.2
$4,311
$2,030
1045.0
399.6
$26,147
$9,990
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Theme Action Environmental benefit Social benefit Economic benefit
Short Term
Transportation 1. Create a walking/cycling path
Reduces car usage. Improved walking conditions for youth and elderly. Improved health outcomes.
Reduces transportation costs for residents.
Transportation 2. Create a secure ride share system.
Reduces car usage. Enables mobility for low-income.
Reduces transportation costs for residents.
Buildings 3. Replace street lights with LED lights
Reduces GHG emissions Higher quality of light, less impact on the night sky.
Reduces municipal energy costs.
Medium Term
Waste 4. Compost and waste management program
Reduced GHG emissions from dump
Provides soil for vegetable gardens. Tangible impacts.
Business opportunity
Buildings/Air Quality 5. Wood stove change- Reduced air pollution, Reduced wood consumption Stimulates purchase of new Buildings/Air Quality 5. Wood stove change-out program
Reduced air pollution, reduced GHG emissions
Reduced wood consumption for elders.
Stimulates purchase of new wood stoves.
Buildings 6. Revolving energy
efficiency loan fund
Reduced GHG emissions.
Improved living conditions. Innovative program to demonstrate leadership.
Stimulates retrofit activities. Decreased energy costs. Attracts investment from other parts of BC.
Agriculture 7. Create a community garden
Reduce imported food Encourage social interaction. Stimulates local agricultural activity.
Long term
Buildings 8. Biomass district energy system
Significant GHG emissions reductions.
Drives smart growth development. Improved energy security.
Captures economic leakage currently going to diesel fuel.
Buildings/ Transportation
9. Support a mixed-used affordable housing development downtown
Encourages minimal car use.
Provides accessible housing for young couples
Stimulates economic activity.
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1. Small communities have limited resources & capacity to undertake planning and implementation
2. Partnerships are important in rural communities
…with neighbouring communities…with government agencies…with First Nations
3. Plans must be realistic and achievable
Conclusions
3. Plans must be realistic and achievable
4. GHG Offset Costs should remain in the community or region and be available to develop alternatives and to encourage programs that reduce GHG’s
35
Solar panels used to provide back up power in a Queen Charlotte residence
Alternate Energy Examples
36
Solar panels to recharge batteries for the commercial ISP serving Queen Charlotte, Sandspit and Skidegate.
Located on Moresby Island
37
Wind power on North Beach
38
Micro Hydro at the Maude Island Farm
39
Remoteness does have its benefits!
40
STORYGHGProof
Community Population (2006)
Lasqueti Island 359
Village of Port Clements 443
Village of Masset 947
Village of Queen Charlotte 950
District of Kent 5,318
LAND-USE PLANNING AND CLIMATE. November, 2011 SUSTAINABILITYSOLUTIONS.CA
District of Kent 5,318
Town of View Royal 9,200
Town of Comox 13,264
District of North Cowichan (in-progress) 24,408
District of Mission 35,741
City of Chilliwack 71,298
City of Abbotsford 129,345
Regional District of Central Okanagan 173,745
Capital Regional District 345,164
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STORYKEY CHALLENGES
1. Flat or declining populations= little room to manoeuvre;2. Limited engagement by community members, organisations, businesses; and3. Implementation: what does it look like and how does it happen? (limited resources).
LAND-USE PLANNING AND CLIMATE. November, 2011 SUSTAINABILITYSOLUTIONS.CA42
STORYOPPORTUNITY 1: LAND-USE
LAND-USE PLANNING AND CLIMATE. November, 2011 SUSTAINABILITYSOLUTIONS.CA
Assumptions can be adjusted for any context. Walking and cycling distance. Village of Port Clements, Haida Gwaii. Map by SSG.
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STORYOPPORTUNITY 2: BROAD SCOPE
LAND-USE PLANNING AND CLIMATE. November, 2011 SUSTAINABILITYSOLUTIONS.CA44
STORYOPPORTUNITY 3: SYNERGIES
LAND-USE PLANNING AND CLIMATE. November, 2011 SUSTAINABILITYSOLUTIONS.CA45
� The fund could offer interest free loans for a range of energy efficiency projects including lighting upgrades, heating controls, insulation, voltage reduction, heating systems, building management systems and draft-proofing.
� Seventy-five percent of the savings will be used to repay the loan and the remaining 25% will be kept by the client.
Revolving Loan FundRevolving Loan Fund
� Once the loan has been repaid, the client will keep the ongoing savings. Clients may include municipalities, organizations, businesses or private individuals.
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September 2011 –Grand Opening of Queen Charlotte Spirit Square Project
John GuentherDirector, Planning Building and Bylaw
City of Revelstoke
LINKING ENERGY AND COMMUNITY PLANNINGWork in progress: Revelstoke, BC
City of Revelstoke
Ronald KellettSchool of Architecture + Landscape Architecture
University of British Columbia
Rural BC Community Energy And Emissions:
Decision Support Tools and Approaches
Webinar 23 November 201148
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Compact Infrastructure Value
• Calgary will save $11.2 billion over 60 years if build compact, 33% savings in infrastructure– roads, transit, water, recreation, fire, and schools
• US EPA Study estimates infrastructure 32% to 47% less expensive to build compact47% less expensive to build compact
• Doubling residential density while increasing nearby employment, transit, and mixed use can decrease VMT by 25%.
51
Euclidean Environment, Society,Economy
Use-Based Form-Based
52
Use-Based Codes Upgrading to Form-Based Zoning Codes
53
Revelstoke Community Energy
and Emissions Inventory
BC climate action plan and
enabling legislation
Revelstoke Community
Energy and Emissions
Plan
District Energy Expansion
Feasibility StudyCarbon Neutral Kootenays
Action Plan
Energy and emissions
planning initiatives
In Revelstoke, energy and planning . .
|
2008
|
2009
|
2010
|
2011
|
2012
|
2007
Revelstoke Unified
Development Bylaw
Community planning
initiatives
Revelstoke Official
Community Plan 54
Revelstoke Community
Energy and Emissions
Plan
Revelstoke District Energy
Expansion Feasibility
Study
. . . are closely intertwined
Revelstoke Unified
Development BylawRevelstoke Official
Community Plan
Energy and emissions
planning
Community planning
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Heat exchanger at the Plant
2.3 km of Insulated pipes distribute hot water to10 buildings where an on-site heat exchangerextracts the heat from the water.
Buildings include the Community/Aquatic Centre, Forum/Arena, City Hall, high school and new elementary school, Federal Building and several private buildings
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How to make appropriate decisions?
• Owned by City - what role does Council and Planning Department play?
• What is the preferred level of involvement of the public in decision-making? public in decision-making?
57
OCP to CEEP and DEEP
58
that engagement
Would local planning be different . . .
WOULD . . .that engagement
understanding
cultivate
and lead to
greater acceptance of
energy and emissions
reducing planning
options
?
If people . . . could ‘see’
energy and emissionsin community planning options
59
• UBC / Pacific Institute for Climate
Solutions (PICS) sponsored
project with the City of
Revelstoke
MEASURED VISUALIZATIONS as CATALYSTS for SOCIAL
MOBILIZATION in PLANNING for CLIMATE CHANGE
Ronald Kellett, Cynthia GirlingMichael van der Laan, Warren Scheske +
School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture
• To use ‘measured visualizations’
to engage community members
(youth to seniors) in interactive
studies that link community
planning options to energy and
emissions
Maged SenbelErica Lay, Thea Sellman +
School of Community and Regional Planning
John Guenther
City of Revelstoke
MAY 2011 – DECEMBER 2012
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Commercial
Residential
Mixed use High-rise
4 storey
2.33 FAR
250 net UPH
65
. . . This example from 11th and Arbutus, in Vancouver for example
We ‘visualize and measure’ from a set of land
use ‘cases’ measured and illustrated the same way
words pictures numbers+ +
Mid-riseLow-rise
Attached
Detached
65 people
35 jobs
2.13 GWh/ha/yr
61
We will build Revelstoke-calibrated ‘cases’ . . . .
based on Revelstoke’s OCP
and development by-law
62
. . . that can be linked to 3-d visualization tools