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NATURE AND ELEMEN
OF COMMUNICATIO
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Does the
fish know
that it’s
wet?
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Let's rephrase the question. Do we even realize we com
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Objectives of this subject
Define and understand what communication is
Explain the nature and process of communication
Differentiate the various models of communication.
Distinguish the unique features of communication process from the o
Explain why there is a breakdown of communication and avoid these
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What is Communication?
Communication is the act of conveying intended meaning to another the use of mutually understood signs and semiotic rules. The basic s
communication are the forming of communicative intent, message co
message encoding, transmission of signal, reception of signal, mess
and finally interpretation of the message by the recipient. (Douglas, 2
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- An act
- With a goal to send a message to a receiver
one channel
- Has several elements (i.e. sender, messagechannel, etc.)
Communication is:
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So how does the process work?
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The Communication Process
Is the guide to realizing effective communication. It is through the co
process that the sharing of a common meaning between the sender
receiver takes place. Individuals that follow the communication proce
the opportunity to become more productive in every aspect of their p
Effective communication leads to understanding.
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Elements of Communication
1. Sender - the person who intends to convey the message with th
passing information and ideas to others is known as sender or c
or encoder.
2. Idea (Message) - this is the subject matter of the communication
an opinion, attitude, feelings, views, orders, or suggestions.
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The Linear Model
It is a one way model to communicate with others. It consists of the s
encoding a message and channeling it to the receiver in the presence
this model there is no feedback which may allow for a continuous exc
information. This form of communication is a one-way form of commu
does not involve any feedback or response, and noise. (F.N.S. Palma
SENDER MESSAGE CHANNEL RECEIVER
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Linear (Shannon and Weaver) Model
includes noise or interference that distorts understanding between the
and the listener
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Schramm and Wood Model
a more interactive model that saw the receiver or listener providing feedback to the
speaker. The speaker or sender of the message also listens to the feedback given
or listener. Both the speaker and the listener take turns to speak and listen to each
Feedback is given either verbally or non-verbally, or in both ways. This model also
the speaker and listener communicate better if they have common fields of experie
which overlap
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Transactional Model
The transactional model shows that the elements in communication are interdependent
the communication act is both a speaker and a listener, and can be simultaneously senmessages.
There are three implications in the transactional model:
“Transactional” means that communication is an ongoing and continuously changing pr
changing, the people with whom you are communicating are changing, and your enviro
continually changing as well.
In any transactional process, each element exists in relation to all the other elements. T
interdependence where there can be no source without a receiver and no message with
Each person in the communication process reacts depending on factors such as their b
experiences, attitudes, cultural beliefs and self-esteem.
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NEXT LESSON:
1. More Communication Models
2. Verbal vs Non Verbal Communication3. Written Communication and its development
4. Barriers to Communication
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