RTN 310 V100R001C01 Product Description 01

OptiX RTN 310 Radio Transmission SystemV100R001C01

Product Description

Issue 01Date 2012-10-30

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior writtenconsent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders. NoticeThe purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and thecustomer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within thepurchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information,and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representationsof any kind, either express or implied.

The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in thepreparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, andrecommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied. Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Address: Huawei Industrial Base

Bantian, LonggangShenzhen 518129People's Republic of China

Website: http://www.huawei.comEmail: [email protected]

Issue 01 (2012-10-30) Huawei Proprietary and ConfidentialCopyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

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About This Document

Related VersionsThe following table lists the product versions related to this document.

Product Name VersionOptiX RTN 310 V100R001C01iManager U2000 V100R008C00

Intended AudienceThis document is intended for:l Network planning engineerl Hardware installation engineerl Installation and commissioning engineerl Field maintenance engineerl Data configuration engineerl System maintenance engineerFamiliarity with the basic knowledge related to digital microwave communication technologywill help you apply the information in this document.

Symbol ConventionsThe symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.

Symbol Description

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OptiX RTN 310 Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description About This Document


ii

Symbol Description

Indicates a hazard with a medium or low levelof risk, which if not avoided, could result inminor or moderate injury.

Indicates a potentially hazardous situation,which if not avoided, could result inequipment damage, data loss, performancedegradation, or unexpected results.

Indicates a tip that may help you solve aproblem or save time.

Provides additional information to emphasizeor supplement important points of the maintext.

General ConventionsThe general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows.

Convention DescriptionTimes New Roman Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.Boldface Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in

boldface. For example, log in as user root.Italic Book titles are in italics.Courier New Examples of information displayed on the screen are in

Courier New.

Update HistoryUpdates between document issues are cumulative. Thus, the latest document issue contains allupdates made in previous issues.

Updates in Issue 01 (2012-10-30) Based on Product Version V100R001C01This document is the first issue for the V100R001C01 product version.

OptiX RTN 310 Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description About This Document


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Contents

About This Document.....................................................................................................................ii1 Product Introduction.....................................................................................................................1

1.1 Network Application..........................................................................................................................................21.2 Basic Features.....................................................................................................................................................31.3 Site Configurations.............................................................................................................................................5

1.3.1 1+0 Sites....................................................................................................................................................51.3.2 2+0 Sites....................................................................................................................................................61.3.3 1+1 Sites....................................................................................................................................................81.3.4 XPIC Sites...............................................................................................................................................101.3.5 Multi-direction Sites................................................................................................................................12

2 Functions and Features...............................................................................................................152.1 Capacities..........................................................................................................................................................172.2 Adaptive Modulation........................................................................................................................................172.3 Cross-Polarization Interference Cancellation...................................................................................................192.4 Automatic Transmit Power Control.................................................................................................................192.5 Power over Ethernet.........................................................................................................................................202.6 Ethernet Service Processing Capability............................................................................................................212.7 QoS...................................................................................................................................................................232.8 Clock Features..................................................................................................................................................242.9 Protection Capabilities......................................................................................................................................252.10 Network Management....................................................................................................................................252.11 Zero Footprint Installation..............................................................................................................................262.12 Configuration-Free Deployment.....................................................................................................................262.13 Easy Maintenance...........................................................................................................................................28

2.13.1 Equipment-level OAM..........................................................................................................................282.13.2 Packet OAM (TP-Assist).......................................................................................................................30

2.14 Security Management.....................................................................................................................................312.15 Energy Saving.................................................................................................................................................342.16 Environmental Protection...............................................................................................................................34

3 Product Structure.........................................................................................................................353.1 System Architecture.........................................................................................................................................363.2 Service Signal Processing Flow.......................................................................................................................38

OptiX RTN 310 Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description Contents


iv

3.3 Ports and Indicators..........................................................................................................................................403.3.1 Ports.........................................................................................................................................................403.3.2 Indicators.................................................................................................................................................46

3.4 Labels................................................................................................................................................................484 Networking and Applications..................................................................................................52

4.1 Independent Networking..................................................................................................................................534.1.1 Chain Networks.......................................................................................................................................534.1.2 Ring Networks.........................................................................................................................................53

4.2 Networking with OptiX RTN 900s..................................................................................................................545 Network Management System..................................................................................................56

5.1 Network Management Solutions......................................................................................................................575.2 Web LCT..........................................................................................................................................................575.3 U2000...............................................................................................................................................................59

6 Technical Specifications.............................................................................................................626.1 RF Performance................................................................................................................................................63

6.1.1 Radio Working Modes.............................................................................................................................636.1.2 Frequency Band.......................................................................................................................................686.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity.................................................................................................................................706.1.4 Distortion Sensitivity...............................................................................................................................736.1.5 Transceiver Performance.........................................................................................................................736.1.6 Baseband Signal Processing Performance of the Modem.......................................................................75

6.2 Predicted Reliability.........................................................................................................................................756.2.1 Predicted Equipment Reliability..............................................................................................................766.2.2 Predicted Link Reliability........................................................................................................................76

6.3 Ethernet Interface Performance........................................................................................................................766.4 Clock Timing and Synchronization Performance............................................................................................776.5 Integrated System Performance........................................................................................................................78

7 Accessories....................................................................................................................................807.1 Outdoor Power Injector....................................................................................................................................81

7.1.1 Functions and Features............................................................................................................................817.1.2 Ports and Indicators.................................................................................................................................817.1.3 PI Labels..................................................................................................................................................867.1.4 Technical Specifications..........................................................................................................................89

7.2 Hybrid Coupler.................................................................................................................................................917.2.1 Types.......................................................................................................................................................917.2.2 Functions and Features............................................................................................................................917.2.3 Ports.........................................................................................................................................................917.2.4 Labels.......................................................................................................................................................927.2.5 Technical Specifications..........................................................................................................................94

7.3 OMT.................................................................................................................................................................957.3.1 Functions and Features............................................................................................................................96



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7.3.2 Ports.........................................................................................................................................................967.3.3 Technical Specifications..........................................................................................................................97

7.4 Extra Mounting Components............................................................................................................................987.4.1 Mounting Brackets..................................................................................................................................987.4.2 Flexible Waveguides...............................................................................................................................99

7.5 Antennas.........................................................................................................................................................1017.5.1 Types.....................................................................................................................................................1017.5.2 Functions and Features..........................................................................................................................1037.5.3 Working Principles................................................................................................................................1047.5.4 Ports.......................................................................................................................................................1057.5.5 Antenna Diameters................................................................................................................................1067.5.6 Technical Specifications........................................................................................................................107

7.6 Antenna Adapters...........................................................................................................................................1077.7 USB Flash Drives...........................................................................................................................................110

8 Cables...........................................................................................................................................1128.1 OptiX RTN 310 Power Cables.......................................................................................................................1148.2 PI Power Cables..............................................................................................................................................1148.3 P&E Cables.....................................................................................................................................................1158.4 OptiX RTN 310 PGND Cables......................................................................................................................1188.5 PI PGND Cables.............................................................................................................................................1198.6 XPIC Cables...................................................................................................................................................1198.7 RSSI Cables....................................................................................................................................................1208.8 Optical Fibers.................................................................................................................................................1208.9 Outdoor Network Cables................................................................................................................................121

A Appendix....................................................................................................................................125A.1 Port Loopbacks..............................................................................................................................................126A.2 Compliance Standards...................................................................................................................................126

A.2.1 ITU-R Standards...................................................................................................................................126A.2.2 ITU-T Standards...................................................................................................................................127A.2.3 ETSI Standards.....................................................................................................................................128A.2.4 CEPT Standards....................................................................................................................................130A.2.5 IEC Standards.......................................................................................................................................130A.2.6 IETF Standards.....................................................................................................................................132A.2.7 IEEE Standards.....................................................................................................................................133A.2.8 Other Standards....................................................................................................................................133

B Glossary......................................................................................................................................135



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1 Product IntroductionAbout This Chapter

The OptiX RTN 310 is a full-outdoor product in the OptiX RTN radio transmission systemseries.

1.1 Network ApplicationThe OptiX RTN 310 facilities terminal access to mobile telecommunications networks or privatenetworks. It provides a cost-effective solution for the terminal networks of massive micro basestations.1.2 Basic FeaturesThe OptiX RTN 310 provides radio transmission channels for native Ethernet services.1.3 Site ConfigurationsOptiX RTN 310s, which can be cascaded, are not only able to form 1+0 sites, but also 2+0,XPIC, 1+1, and multi-direction sites.

OptiX RTN 310 Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description 1 Product Introduction


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1.1 Network ApplicationThe OptiX RTN 310 facilities terminal access to mobile telecommunications networks or privatenetworks. It provides a cost-effective solution for the terminal networks of massive micro basestations.The OptiX RTN 310 is a highly integrated full-outdoor radio transmission product (FO, forshort). All its modules are integrated into an outdoor unit that supports zero-footprint installation,providing carriers with cost-effective full-outdoor radio solutions.The OptiX RTN 310 can independently form chain or ring backhaul networks for a variety ofnew IP base stations in either new or legacy networks. It supports 2048QAM modulation andcross polarization interference cancellation (XPIC), which enable it to provide high-bandwidthbackhaul links for large-capacity NodeBs and eNodeBs. See Figure 1-1.The OptiX RTN 310 can work with OptiX RTN 900 products to provide more functions and toleverage legacy radio equipment. The following is an example of how the two products can beused in conjunction:l The OptiX RTN 310 works with the OptiX RTN 900 to function as a multi-direction

convergence node.l The OptiX RTN 310 works with the OptiX RTN 900 to transmit TDM services through

circuit emulation service pseudo wires (CES PWs).l The OptiX RTN 310 works with the OptiX RTN 900 to provide 1+1 hot standby (HSB), 1

+1 frequency diversity (FD), or 1+1 space diversity (SD) protection.See Figure 1-2.

Figure 1-1 Independent networking

NodeB 2 RNC

Regional Backhaul Network

NodeB 1

NodeB 3

XPIC cable XPIC cableGE GE

GEGE

GE



2

Figure 1-2 Networking with OptiX RTN 900s

Regional network

NodeB FE/GE

NodeB FE/GE

CES E1E1

BTS BSC

RNC

OptiX RTN 310

1+1 cascading

cable

1+1 cascading

cable

1+1

NodeB

OptiX RTN 900

XPIC cable

XPIC

GE GEXPIC cable

1.2 Basic FeaturesThe OptiX RTN 310 provides radio transmission channels for native Ethernet services.

Table 1-1 Basic featuresItem DescriptionDimensions (H x W x D) 290 mm x 265 mm x 98 mmNumber of radio directions 1Service ports Two GE service portsOperating frequency band l 13 GHz

l 15 GHzl 18 GHzl 23 GHzl 38 GHz



3

Item DescriptionRF configuration modes l 1+0 configuration

l 2+0 configurationl 1+1 configurationl XPIC configurationl Multi-direction configurationNOTEl In XPIC, 1+1 or 2+0 mode, two OptiX RTN

310s are required for each site.l In multi-direction mode, multiple OptiX RTN

310s are cascaded or network with OptiX RTN900s.

Powering modes l Power over Ethernetl Power over a dedicated DC power portNOTEl Power over Ethernet applies to a maximum of

100 meters.l Power over a dedicated DC power port applies

to a maximum of 300 meters.

Figure 1-3 Appearance of the OptiX RTN 310

Front side

Rear sideH

W D



4

1.3 Site ConfigurationsOptiX RTN 310s, which can be cascaded, are not only able to form 1+0 sites, but also 2+0,XPIC, 1+1, and multi-direction sites.

1.3.1 1+0 SitesA 1+0 site provides a one-direction working radio link.In 1+0 mode, one single-polarized antenna is used. Depending on antenna specifications, theOptiX RTN 310 can be directly mounted on an antenna or connected to an antenna usingaccessories (split mounting).

Figure 1-4 Typical configurations at a 1+0 site (direct mounting)

GECOMBO

P&EPWR

To NodeB

P&E cable Power cableoptional

To a power supply device

Fiber

To a power injector

USB/RSSI/NMS



5

Figure 1-5 Typical configurations at a 1+0 site (split mounting)

To NodeB

GECOMBO

P&EPWR

P&E cable

To a power injector

Power cableoptional

USB/RSSI/NMS

To a power supply device

1.3.2 2+0 SitesA 2+0 site provides two one-direction unprotected radio links.At a 2+0 site, two OptiX RTN 310s are installed on a hybrid coupler. A hybrid coupler can bedirectly mounted on an antenna or connected to an antenna using accessories (split mounting),depending on antenna specifications. Generally, the two OptiX RTN 310s are cascaded usinggigabit Ethernet (GE) optical ports for physical link aggregation (PLA) configuration.



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Figure 1-6 Typical configurations at a 2+0 site (direct mounting)

GECOMBO

P&EPWR

USB/RSSI/NMS GECOMBO

P&EPWR

USB/RSSI/NMS

1 2

12

To a power injector

To a power injector

Fiber

3Hybrid coupler



7

Figure 1-7 Typical configurations at a 2+0 site (split mounting)

GECOMBO

P&EPWR

GECOMBO

P&EPWR

USB/RSSI/NMS

1 2

12

To a power injector

Fiber

To a power injector

USB/RSSI/NMS

3Hybrid coupler

1.3.3 1+1 SitesA 1+1 site provides a radio link protection system that comprises one main radio link and onestandby radio link in the same direction. Depending on configurations, a 1+1 site can provide 1+1 hot standby (HSB), 1+1 frequency diversity (FD), or 1+1 space diversity (SD) protection forits radio links.For a 1+1 site configured with 1+1 HSB or 1+1 FD protection, two OptiX RTN 310s are installedon a hybrid coupler. Depending on antenna specifications, the hybrid coupler can be directlymounted on an antenna or connected to an antenna using accessories (split mounting). See Figure1-8 and Figure 1-9. For a 1+1 site configured with 1+1 SD protection, two antennas are used.Depending on antenna specifications, an OptiX RTN 310 can be directly mounted on an antennaor connected to an antenna using accessories.Two OptiX RTN 310s at a 1+1 site must be cascaded using their 1+1 cascade ports, and workwith an OptiX RTN 900 IDU or an LACP-supporting UNI-side device to implement NE-levelprotection using Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). When working with an OptiX



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RTN 900 IDU, the OptiX RTN 310s can connect to the power-over-Ethernet ports of an EG4Pboard on the IDU using P&E cables, which carry both power signals and Ethernet service signals.Figure 1-8 and Figure 1-9 illustrate typical configurations at a 1+1 site with 1+1 HSB or 1+1FD configured.

Figure 1-8 Typical configuration at a 1+1 site (1+1 HSB/FD, direct mounting)

GECOMBO

P&EPWR


P&EPWR

USB/RSSI/NMS

1 21

2

P&E cableP&E cable

1+1 cascading cable

Hybrid Coupler3

EG4P

STAT L/A

1

OUT2/IN2

SRV

L/A2

L/A3

L/A4

P1 P2

OUT1/IN1 3/P1 4/P11 2

4/P2

EG4P

STAT L/A

1

OUT2/IN2

SRV

L/A2

L/A3

L/A4

P1 P2

OUT1/IN1 3/P1 4/P11 2

EG4P

STAT L/A

1

OUT2/IN2

SRV

L/A2

L/A3

L/A4

P1 P2

OUT1/IN1 3/P1 4/P11 2

3/P14/P23/P1



9

Figure 1-9 Typical configuration at a 1+1 site (1+1 HSB/FD, split mounting)

GECOMBO

P&EPWR


P&EPWR

USB/RSSI/NMS

1 2

P&E cableP&E cable

1+1 cascading cable

EG4P

STAT L/A

1

OUT2/IN2

SRV

L/A2

L/A3

L/A4

P1 P2

OUT1/IN1 3/P1 4/P11 2

4/P2

EG4P

STAT L/A

1

OUT2/IN2

SRV

L/A2

L/A3

L/A4

P1 P2

OUT1/IN1 3/P1 4/P11 2

EG4P

STAT L/A

1

OUT2/IN2

SRV

L/A2

L/A3

L/A4

P1 P2

OUT1/IN1 3/P1 4/P11 2

3/P14/P23/P1

12

3Hybrid coupler

1.3.4 XPIC SitesCross polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) sites are special 2+0 sites. The two radiolinks provided by an XPIC site operate at the same frequency, but their polarization directionsare orthogonal. The interference between the two radio links is canceled by the XPIC function.At an XPIC site, two OptiX RTN 310s are installed on an orthogonal mode transducer (OMT).The OMT can be directly mounted on an antenna or connected to an antenna using accessories(split mounting), depending on antenna specifications. Generally, the two OptiX RTN 310s arecascaded using gigabit Ethernet (GE) optical ports for physical link aggregation (PLA)configuration.



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Figure 1-10 Typical configurations at an XPIC site (direct mounting)

GECOMBO

P&EPWR


P&EPWR

USB/RSSI/NMS

1 21

2

P&E cable

To a power injector

P&E cable

To a power injector

XPIC cable

OMT3

Fiber



11

Figure 1-11 Typical configurations at an XPIC site (split mounting)

2

1

GECOMBO

P&EPWR


P&EPWR

USB/RSSI/NMS

1 2

To a power injector

P&E cable

P&E cable

To a power injector

XPIC cable

Fiber

1.3.5 Multi-direction SitesA multi-direction site provides multi-direction radio links.Multiple OptiX RTN 310s are cascaded using GE optical ports. Generally, multiple OptiX RTN310s are used for 2x(1+0) configuration. At a site with 2x(1+0) configuration, two OptiX RTN310s are connected back-to-back. They can independently perform service switching andscheduling with the help of built-in switching units.



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Figure 1-12 2x(1+0) multi-direction configurations

1

2

GECOMBO

P&EPWRUSB/RSSI/NMS GE

COMBOP&E

PWRUSB/RSSI/NMS

1 2

P&E cable P&E cable

To a power injector To a power injector

Fiber

When multiple OptiX RTN 310s work with an OptiX RTN 900 IDU to form a multi-directionsite, the maximum number of radio directions are the same as that supported by the IDU. Duringinstallation, an OptiX RTN 310 can connect to the power-over-Ethernet port of an EG4P boardusing a P&E cable, which carries both power signals and Ethernet service signals.



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Figure 1-13 Typical configurations at a multi-direction site (OptiX RTN 310s networked withRTN 900)

EG4P

STAT L/A

1

OUT2/IN2

SRV

L/A2

L/A3

L/A4

P1 P2

OUT1/IN1 3/P1 4/P11 2

P&E

4/P2

EG4P

STAT L/A

1

OUT2/IN2

SRV

L/A2

L/A3

L/A4

P1 P2

OUT1/IN1 3/P1 4/P11 2

EG4P

STAT L/A

1

OUT2/IN2

SRV

L/A2

L/A3

L/A4

P1 P2

OUT1/IN1 3/P1 4/P11 2

P&EP&E

3/P1

21 3

P&E cable P&E cable P&E cable

1

2

3

4/P23/P1



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2 Functions and FeaturesAbout This Chapter

The OptiX RTN 310 provides a variety of functions and features.It provides high-quality high-efficient radio links for transmitting Ethernet service from base stations.

2.1 CapacitiesThis section provides the Ethernet service switching capacity and air interface capacity of theOptiX RTN 310.2.2 Adaptive ModulationAdaptive modulation (AM) technology adjusts the modulation scheme automatically based onchannel quality.2.3 Cross-Polarization Interference CancellationCross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) technology is used together with co-channeldual-polarization (CCDP) to double the radio link capacity over the same channel.2.4 Automatic Transmit Power ControlAutomatic transmit power control (ATPC) is a method that uses received signal level (RSL) ofthe receiver to adjust transmit power within the ATPC control range. This feature reducesinterference with neighboring systems and residual bit error rate (BER).2.5 Power over EthernetThe OptiX RTN 310 supports power over Ethernet that can carry -48 V power signals, alongwith GE service signals, on Ethernet cables.2.6 Ethernet Service Processing CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 310 can process Native Ethernet services.2.7 QoSThe OptiX RTN 310 supports quality of service (QoS), including simple traffic classification,queue scheduling, and traffic shaping.2.8 Clock FeaturesThe clock features of the OptiX RTN 310 satisfy clock transmission requirements of mobilecommunications networks and provide a complete selection of clock protection mechanisms.2.9 Protection CapabilitiesThe OptiX RTN 310 provides protection schemes for radio links and Ethernet networks.

OptiX RTN 310 Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description 2 Functions and Features


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2.10 Network ManagementThe OptiX RTN 310 supports multiple network management modes and providescomprehensive management information exchange solutions.2.11 Zero Footprint InstallationThe OptiX RTN 310 supports zero footprint installation.2.12 Configuration-Free DeploymentThe OptiX RTN 310 can be quickly deployed and commissioned using a USB flash drive.2.13 Easy MaintenanceThe OptiX RTN 310 adopts easy-to-manage and easy-to-maintain architectures in hardware andsoftware design, and provides a variety of maintenance methods.2.14 Security ManagementThe OptiX RTN 310 works with its network management system (NMS) to prevent unauthorizedlogins and operations, ensuring equipment management security.2.15 Energy SavingThe OptiX RTN 310 uses various types of technologies to reduce the amount of energy that thedevice consumes, as follows:2.16 Environmental ProtectionThe OptiX RTN 310 is designed to meet or exceed environmental protection requirements. Theproduct complies with restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS) and waste from electrical andelectronic equipment (WEEE) directives.



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2.1 CapacitiesThis section provides the Ethernet service switching capacity and air interface capacity of theOptiX RTN 310.

Ethernet Service Switching CapacityThe OptiX RTN 310 with its built-in Ethernet switching unit has an Ethernet service switchingcapacity of 3 Gbit/s.

Air Interface CapacityThe maximum air-interface Ethernet throughput supported by the OptiX RTN 310 can be higherthan 600 Mbit/s.The XPIC function can almost double the service capacity of a radio channel without changingthe channel spacing.The OptiX RTN 310 supports Ethernet frame header compression at air interfaces. Theequivalent throughput of Ethernet services at air interfaces can reach up to 1 Gbit/s.

NOTE6.1.1 Radio Working Modes provide air interface capacities in various working modes.

2.2 Adaptive ModulationAdaptive modulation (AM) technology adjusts the modulation scheme automatically based onchannel quality.When AM technology is used, if using the same channel spacing, the radio service bandwidthvaries according to the modulation scheme: the higher the modulation efficiency, the higher thebandwidth of the transmitted services. With QoS technology, packet services are groomed toqueues with different priorities. Services in different queues are transmitted to the microwaveport after the queue-scheduling algorithm has been run. Under all channel conditions, the servicecapacity varies according to the modulation scheme.l When conditions for channel quality are favorable good (such as on sunny days), the

equipment uses a higher-order modulation scheme to transmit more user services. Thisimproves transmission efficiency and spectrum utilization of the system.

l When conditions for channel quality are unfavorable (such as on stormy or foggy days),the equipment uses a lower-order modulation scheme to ensure that higher-priority servicesare transmitted first. If some lower-priority queues become congested due to a lack ofavailable bandwidth, some or all interfaces in these queues are discarded. This methodimproves the anti-interference capabilities of a radio link and ensures link availability forhigh-priority services.

Figure 2-1, in which the guaranteed capacity modulation scheme is QPSK Strong and the fullcapacity modulation scheme is 256QAM, shows AM shifting step by step depending on weatherchanges, and how modulation schemes affect service throughput and reliability.



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Figure 2-1 Adaptive modulation

256 QAM

128 QAM

64 QAM

16 QAM

QPSK

16 QAM strong

QPSK strong

32 QAM

99.999%

Receive Signal Availability

99.998%

99.995%

99.99%

99.96%

99.92%

99.9%

99.5%

Time

High-priority service

Low-priority service

Low-priority service

QPSK16QAM

32QAM64QAM

128QAM256QAM 16QAM

32QAM64QAM

128QAM256QAM16QAM Strong

16QAM StrongQPSK Strong QPSK

The AM technology used by the OptiX RTN 310 has the following features:l Uses QPSK Strong, QPSK, 16QAM Strong, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM,

256QAM, 512QAM, 512QAM Light, 1024QAM, 1024QAM Light, and 2048QAMmodulation schemes. Compared with QPSK/16QAM, QPSK Strong/16QAM Strong, usingdifferent parameters in forward error correction (FEC) coding, has stronger error correctioncapability, and therefore has better receiver sensitivity. It has, however, less air interfacebandwidth. Compared with 512QAM/1024QAM, 512QAM Light/1024QAM Light, usingdifferent parameters in forward error correction (FEC) coding, has weaker error correctioncapability, and therefore has worse receiver sensitivity. It has, however, higher air interfacebandwidth.

l Can configure both the lowest-order modulation scheme (also called reference scheme orguaranteed capacity modulation scheme) and the highest-order modulation scheme (alsocalled nominal scheme or full capacity modulation scheme).

l Can switch modulation schemes without changing the transmit frequency, receivefrequency, or channel spacing.

l Switches modulation schemes step-by-step.l Features hitless switching. When the modulation scheme is downshifted, high-priority

services are not affected while low-priority services are discarded. Switching is successfuleven when 100 dB/s channel fast fading occurs.



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2.3 Cross-Polarization Interference CancellationCross-polarization interference cancellation (XPIC) technology is used together with co-channeldual-polarization (CCDP) to double the radio link capacity over the same channel.CCDP transmission uses a horizontally polarized wave and a vertically polarized wave on asingle channel to transmit two channels of signals. Ideally, for CCDP transmission, there shouldbe no interference between the two orthogonal signals, even though they are of the samefrequency. In actual practice, despite the orthogonal nature of the two signals, interferencebetween the signals inevitably occurs due to cross-polarization discrimination (XPD) of theantenna and channel degradation. To eliminate this interference, XPIC technology is used toreceive signals horizontally and vertically. The signals in the two directions are then processedand the original signals are recovered from interfered signals. Figure 2-2 shows the functionalblock diagram for a scenario where XPIC is used together with CCDP.

Figure 2-2 CCDP channel configuration (with the application of the XPIC technology)

Service

V: vertical polarization directionH: horizontal polarization direction

Service singnal

Service

Service

Service

H

f1

V Cancellation signal

Cross interference

Cross interference

f1

One XPIC site requires two OptiX RTN 310s, with their COMBO ports connected by an XPICcable to transmit XPIC signals.

2.4 Automatic Transmit Power ControlAutomatic transmit power control (ATPC) is a method that uses received signal level (RSL) ofthe receiver to adjust transmit power within the ATPC control range. This feature reducesinterference with neighboring systems and residual bit error rate (BER).When ATPC is enabled:l If the RSL is 2 dB or more than 2 dB less than the value halfway between the upper and

lower ATPC thresholds, the receiver instructs the transmitter to increase transmit power sothat the RSL does not deviate more than 2 dB from the halfway value.



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l If the RSL is 2 dB or more than 2 dB greater than the value halfway between the upper andlower ATPC thresholds, the receiver instructs the transmitter to decrease transmit powerso that the RSL does not deviate more than 2 dB from the halfway value.

Figure 2-3 shows the relationship between the RSL and the transmit signal level (TSL).

Figure 2-3 Relationship between the RSL and the TSL

T

Up-fading

Down-fading2dB

TSL/RSL

TSL

RSL2dBCentral value of the

ATPC upper threshold and the ATPC lower

threshold

2.5 Power over EthernetThe OptiX RTN 310 supports power over Ethernet that can carry -48 V power signals, alongwith GE service signals, on Ethernet cables.The OptiX RTN 310 works with a power injector (PI) or an OptiX RTN 900 IDU to implementpower over Ethernet through its P&E port.l One PI can power only one OptiX RTN 310. See Figure 2-4.

Figure 2-4 Working with a PI

Power injector

Port P&E

GE signal-48 V

Port P&EInjecting



20

NOTEBesides power signals, network management signals can also be carried on the P&E cable thatconnects the OptiX RTN 310 to a PI, eliminating the need to climb up the tower for maintenance.

l The OptiX RTN 310 can work with EG4P boards, which support power over Ethernet, onthe OptiX RTN 900 IDU. One EG4P board can power a maximum of two OptiX RTN310s. See Figure 2-5.

Figure 2-5 Working with the OptiX RTN 900

Port P&E

EG4PCSHx

GE and -48 V signalPort P&E

OptiX RTN 900 IDU

2.6 Ethernet Service Processing CapabilityThe OptiX RTN 310 can process Native Ethernet services.

Table 2-1 Ethernet service processing capabilityItem DescriptionService port Two GE service ports

l The first GE port can be a P&E electricalport or an optical port (SFP module).

l The second GE port is an optical port (SFPmodule).

Port attribute l The GE electrical port supports 10M full-duplex, 100M full-duplex, 1000M full-duplex, and auto-negotiation.

l The GE optical port supports 1000M full-duplex and auto-negotiation.

Ethernet service type l E-Linel E-LAN

Range of maximum frame length 1518 bytes to 9600 bytes



21

Item DescriptionVLAN l Adds, deletes, and swaps VLAN tags that

comply with IEEE 802.1q/p, and forwardspackets based on VLAN tags.

l Processes packets based on the port tagattribute (Tag/Hybrid/Access).

l The VLAN ID ranges from 1 to 4094.MAC address l The E-LAN service supports MAC address

self learning in two learning modes: SVL andIVL.

l MAC addresses can be filtered (blacklisted).l Static MAC address entries can be set.l The capacity of the MAC address table is 8 k

(including static and blacklist entities).l The MAC address aging time is configurable.

Link aggregation group (LAG) l Applies to GE ports and microwave ports. Themicrowave port must be the main port in aLAG.

l Supports manual aggregation and staticaggregation.

l Supports load sharing and non-load sharing.l Supports the setting of the minimum number

of active links.Physical link aggregation (PLA) Allows Ethernet channels in radio links provided

by two OptiX RTN 310s to form a PLA group.Being the Layer 1 LAG technology, PLAaggregates links and achieves load sharing overthese links based on physical-layer bandwidths.

ERPS Supports ITU-T G.8032-compliant ring networkprotection for Ethernet services.

Link state pass through (LPT) Supports simple LPT. When a radio link is faulty,the related OptiX RTN 310 automatically disablesthe remote Ethernet port that is connected to a UNIdevice.

QoS Supports QoS. For details, see 2.7 QoS.Traffic control Supports IEEE 802.3x-compliant traffic control.ETH OAM l Supports IEEE 802.1ag- and IEEE 802.3ah-

compliant ETH OAM.l Supports ITU-T Y.1731-compliant packet

loss measurement, delay measurement, anddelay variation measurement.



22

Item DescriptionEthernet performance monitoring l Supports IETF RFC 2819-compliant RMON

performance monitoring.l Supports measurement of real-time and

historical traffic and bandwidth utilization forports.

Synchronous Ethernet Supported.

NOTEl The OptiX RTN 310 supports a maximum of 64 E-Line services. The supported E-Line services fall into

the following types:l Port-based E-Line servicesl Port+VLAN-based E-Line services

l The OptiX RTN 310 supports only one E-LAN service. The supported E-LAN services fall into the followingtypes:l IEEE 802.1d bridge-based E-LAN servicesl IEEE 802.1q bridge-based E-LAN services

2.7 QoSThe OptiX RTN 310 supports quality of service (QoS), including simple traffic classification,queue scheduling, and traffic shaping.

QoS Processing FlowQoS minimizes network delay and delay variations by properly allocating and monitoringnetwork resources, therefore guaranteeing quality of important services.Figure 2-6 shows how the OptiX RTN 310 performs QoS processing for Ethernet services.

Figure 2-6 QoS processing

Forwarding

Queue scheduling

Simple Traffic classification

Ingress EgressPacket

switching

Mapping

Congestion avoidance

Buffer queueThreshold

DiffServ

Queue traffic shaping

Scheduling

Drop

...

......

Port traffic shaping

Token bucket

PIR

..................

............

............

...

CoS x

...

CoS z



23

QoS Features

Table 2-2 QoS featuresFeature PerformanceSimple traffic classification (DiffServ) l Supports one DiffServ (DS) domain.

l Maps Ethernet services into different per-hopbehaviors (PHBs) based on the C-VLANpriority, IP DiffServ code point (DSCP), andMPLS experimental bits (EXP).

Congestion avoidance l Ethernet ports support tail drop.l Microwave ports support tail drop and

weighted random early detection (WRED).Queue scheduling l Each Ethernet port or microwave port supports

eight levels of priority scheduling.l Flexibly sets the queue-scheduling scheme for

each Ethernet port and microwave port. Thequeue scheduling modes include SP, SP+WRR, and WRR.

Traffic shaping l Supports traffic shaping for outgoing queuesand egress ports.

l Supports setting of peak information rate(PIR) in a step of 64 kbit/s and peak burst size(PBS).

2.8 Clock FeaturesThe clock features of the OptiX RTN 310 satisfy clock transmission requirements of mobilecommunications networks and provide a complete selection of clock protection mechanisms.

Item DescriptionClock working mode l Tracing

l Free-runClock source l Radio link clock

l Synchronous Ethernet clockSSM protocol/Extended SSM protocol Supported. SSM information can be

transmitted in the following modes:l Radio linkl Synchronous Ethernet



24

Item DescriptionIEEE 1588v2 time synchronization Supports the following four modes:

l OCl TCl BCl TC+BC

2.9 Protection CapabilitiesThe OptiX RTN 310 provides protection schemes for radio links and Ethernet networks.

Table 2-3 Protection schemesProtected Object Protection SchemeRadio link 1+1 hot standby (HSB), 1+1 frequency diversity (FD), or 1+1 space

diversity (SD), which provides radio linklevel protection and NE-level protectionPhysical link aggregation (PLA), which provides radio linklevelprotection and NE-level protection

Ethernet network Link aggregation group (LAG) for Ethernet links and radio linksEthernet ring protection switching (ERPS) for Ethernet links andradio links

2.10 Network ManagementThe OptiX RTN 310 supports multiple network management modes and providescomprehensive management information exchange solutions.

Network Management ModesThe OptiX RTN 310 supports the following functions:l Uses the iManager Web LCT to manage one local NE or one remote NE on a per-NE basis.l Uses the iManager U2000 to manage Huawei OptiX RTN NEs and Huawei optical

transmission products in a centralized manner. The iManager U2000 is also able to managetransport networks in a unified manner.

l Uses SNMP to query alarms, performance events, and some configuration data of OptiXRTN 310s on IP networks.



25

Network Management Information Exchange SolutionsTable 2-4 DCN information exchange schemes

Item SpecificationsDCN channel Data

communicationschannel (DCC)bytes

Three Huawei-defined DCC bytes in microwaveframesD1 to D3 bytes transmitted on 1+1 cascade ports

NMS port One Ethernet network management portInbandDCN

Radiolink

All inband DCN channels are marked by one VLANID. The bandwidth of each inband DCN channel isconfigurable.

GE port All inband DCN channels are marked by one VLANID. The bandwidth of each inband DCN channel isconfigurable.

Networkmanagementprotocol

HWECC protocol SupportedIP protocol Supported

2.11 Zero Footprint InstallationThe OptiX RTN 310 supports zero footprint installation.Being compact, light, and supporting power over Ethernet, the OptiX RTN 310 is a full outdoordevice that can be directly mounted onto a pole or the back of an antenna. That is, it supportszero footprint installation.The OptiX RTN 310 can be directly mounted on an antenna or connected to an antenna usingmounting components.

2.12 Configuration-Free DeploymentThe OptiX RTN 310 can be quickly deployed and commissioned using a USB flash drive.When deploying and commissioning an OptiX RTN 310 NE, you only need to insert a USBflash drive storing the NE's configuration data into its USB port. The NE then automaticallyimports data from the USB flash drive. That is, you do not need to configure data on site.



26

Figure 2-7 Deployment process

Start

Perform network planning.(network planners)

Obtain a blank USB flash drive.(software commissioning personnel)

Copy data to the USB flash drive.(software commissioning personnel)

Obtain the USB flash drive with data.(hardware installation personnel)

Insert the USB flash drive.(hardware installation personnel)

End

Table 2-5 Deployment proceduresProcedure DescriptionPerformingnetwork planning

Network planners provide network plans, which are archived in thenetwork management center (NMC).



27

Procedure DescriptionObtaining a blankUSB flash drive

Software commissioning personnel obtain a blank USB flash drive,which can be reused, from warehouses.

Copying data tothe USB flashdrive

Software commissioning personnel at the NMC need to make thefollowing preparations:l Convert network plan data into a script using a script generation tool,

and copy the script to the \script directory of the USB flash drive.l Place the upgrade software on the USB flash drive if you need to

upgrade the NE during the deployment.l Create an authentication file for the USB flash drive using the NMS,

and copy the file to the root directory of the USB flash drive.Attach a label to the USB flash drive.

Obtaining the USBflash drive with thescript

Hardware installation personnel obtain the USB flash drive with thescripts from the customer' NMC. A USB flash drive contains the scriptfor only one NE.

Inserting the USBflash drive

After installing the OptiX RTN 310, hardware installation personnelinsert the mapping USB flash drive into the USB port. The NE thenautomatically downloads data.

2.13 Easy MaintenanceThe OptiX RTN 310 adopts easy-to-manage and easy-to-maintain architectures in hardware andsoftware design, and provides a variety of maintenance methods.

2.13.1 Equipment-level OAMThe OptiX RTN 310 provides a variety of operation, administration and maintenance (OAM)functions that effectively reduce equipment maintenance costs.Table 2-6 describes the OAM functions supported by the OptiX RTN 310.



28

Table 2-6 Equipment-level OAM functionsFunction DescriptionManagement andmonitoring

l Supports unified management of microwave transmissionnetworks and optical transmission networks using the iManagerU2000, and end-to-end service creation and management.

l Reports a variety of alarms and performance events.l Supports remote monitoring (RMON) of performance events.l Measures real-time and historical traffic and bandwidth utilization

for ports.l Measures congestion-caused packet loss information for flows.l Queries equipment temperatures.l Monitors key radio transmission performance counters, such as

the microwave transmit power, received power, signal-to-noiseratio (SNR), and air-interface bit error rate (BER), and displaysthem graphically.

l Supports frequency scanning to help identify co-channelinterference and adjacent-channel interference.

l Collects one-click fault diagnosis information.l Supports the connection of the Web LCT to the equipment's

gigabit Ethernet (GE) port using a GE service cable or to the NMSport on a power injector (PI), eliminating the need to climb up thetower during equipment commissioning or maintenance.

l Supports connectivity tests for P&E cables using the iManagerU2000.

Diagnosis tests l Supports pseudo random binary sequence (PRBS) tests atmicrowave ports.

l Simulates Ethernet meters to test the packet loss ratio, delay, andthroughput.

l Supports various loopback types at service ports and microwaveports.

Packet OAM l Supports IEEE 802.1ag- and IEEE 802.3ah-compliant ETH OAMfunctions.

l Supports ITU-T Y.1731-compliant packet loss measurement,delay measurement, and delay variation measurement.

l Supports loopback tests for Ethernet services.Databasemanagement

l Backs up and restores network element (NE) databases remotelyusing the iManager U2000.

l Backs up and loads NE data using universal serial bus (USB) flashdrives.



29

Function DescriptionSoftwaremanagement

l Supports remote loading of NE software and data using theiManager U2000 and provides a complete NE upgrade solution,allowing rapid upgrades of the entire network.

l Upgrades NE software using USB flash drives.l Supports the not-stop forwarding (NSF) function, which prevents

Ethernet services from being interrupted by warm NE softwareresets.

l Supports hot patches so that users can upgrade software withoutinterrupting services.

l Supports software version rollback so that original system servicesare restored despite software upgrade failures.

2.13.2 Packet OAM (TP-Assist)The OptiX RTN 310 works with the iManager U2000 to allow hierarchy operation,administration and maintenance (OAM) of packet services. Packet OAM supports end-to-endpacket service configuration, acceptance tests, and fault locating, which simplifies packet OAM.Table 2-7 describes the packet OAM functions supported by the OptiX RTN 310.

Table 2-7 Packet OAM functions (TP-Assist)OAM Stage Function DescriptionEnd-to-endserviceconfiguration

End-to-end packetserviceconfiguration

l Supports end-to-end configuration of NativeEthernet line (E-Line) and Ethernet local areanetwork (E-LAN) services.

Automaticdeployment ofalarmmanagement

l Automatically configures end-to-end ETHOAM during Native Ethernet serviceconfiguration and supports connectivity testsand alarm reporting.

Acceptance test Serviceconnectivity test

l Supports one-click connectivity tests for NativeE-Line and E-LAN services.

Serviceperformance test

l Supports one-click tests on the packet loss ratio,delay, and delay variation of Native E-Line andE-LAN services.

l Simulates Ethernet meters to test the packet lossratio, delay, and throughput.

Fault locating Port monitoring l Reports alarms indicating Ethernet signal loss.l Reports alarms indicating Ethernet port auto-

negotiation failures (half-duplex alarms).



30

OAM Stage Function DescriptionService loopcheck

l Checks E-Line service loops.l Automatically disables service ports involved

in a loop.Intelligent faultdiagnosis

l Checks the consistency of hardware, software,and configurations along a service path.

l Checks for zero traffic and congestion-causedpacket loss along a service path.

Performancemeasurement

l Measures real-time and historical performancefor ports.

Performancemonitoring

l Reports port bandwidth utilization threshold-crossing alarms.

l Reports zero-traffic alarms for ports.l Reports traffic threshold-crossing alarms for

ports.

2.14 Security ManagementThe OptiX RTN 310 works with its network management system (NMS) to prevent unauthorizedlogins and operations, ensuring equipment management security.

Overview of Hardware SecurityThe following hardware preventive measures are provided by the OptiX RTN 310:l Microwave interfaces: The FEC encoding mode is adopted and the adaptive time-domain

equalizer for baseband signals is used. This enables the microwave interfaces to toleratestrong interference. Therefore, an interceptor cannot restore the contents in a data frame ifcoding details and service configurations are not obtained.

l Modular design: Control units are separated from service units and service units areseparated from each other. In this manner, a fault on any unit can be properly isolated,minimizing the impact of the fault on other units in the system.

l CPU flow control: Data flow sent to the CPU for processing is classified and controlled toprevent the CPU from being attacked by a large number of packets. This ensures that theCPU operates properly under attacks.

l USB port control: The USB port is disabled when the USB port is not used, to avoid invalidaccess.

Overview of Software SecurityBeing posit ioned at the transport layer of a communications network, the OptiX RTN 310provides high-capacity and high-reliability transparent transmission tunnels, and is almostinvisible to end users. Therefore, the transmission tunnels are not easily exposed to externalattacks.



31

The OptiX RTN 310 processes two categories of data: O&M data and service data. The precedingdata is transmitted over independent paths and does not affect each other. Therefore, serviceson the OptiX RTN 310 are processed on two planes:l Management planel Data planeThe management plane provides access to the required equipment and management functions,such as managing accounts and passwords, communication protocols, and alarmreporting.Security features on the management plane implement security access, integratedsecurity management, and all-round security audits. The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) featuresprovide security access to the required equipment. The Remote Authentication Dial-In UserService (RADIUS) feature implements centralized security authentication for the equipment onthe entire network. The Syslog feature implements offline storage of more security-related logsfor audits.The data plane processes the service data flow entering the equipment and forwards servicepackets according to the forwarding table. Security features on the data plane ensureconfidentiality and integrat ion of user data by preventing malicious theft, modification, andremoval of user service packets. They ensure stable and reliable operation of the forwardingplane by protecting forwarding entries against malicious attacks and falsification. The data planeprovides:l User service separation methodsl Access control methodsl Methods for controlling and managing ingress and egress bandwidth of the equipment to

ensure reliable operation, such as flow control and QoS.Table 2-8 lists the security functions provided by the OptiX RTN 310.

Table 2-8 Security functionsPlane Function DescriptionManagement plane Account and password

managementManages and storesmaintenance accounts.

Local authentication andauthorization

Authenticates and authorizesaccounts.

RADIUS authentication andauthorization

Authenticates and authorizesremote accounts in acentralized manner to reducemaintenance costs.

Security log Records events related toaccount management.

Operation log Records non-queryoperations are recorded.

Syslog management Provides a standard solutionfor offline storage of logs.



32

Plane Function DescriptionTCP/IP attack defense Provides defense against

TCP/IP attacks, such as IPerror packets, InternetControl Message Protocol(ICMP) ping attacks and Joltattacks, and Dos attacks.

Access control list Provides access control listsbased on IP addresses andport IDs.

SSL/TLS encryptioncommunication

Uses the SSL3.0 and TLS1.0protocols to establish anencryption channel based ona security certificate.

Secure File Transfer Protocol(SFTP)

Provides SFTP services.

Open Shortest Path First(OSPF)

Uses the OSPFv2 protocolfor standard MD5authentication.

Network Time Protocol(NTP)

Uses the NTPv3 protocol forMD5 authentication andpermission control.

Simple NetworkManagement Protocol(SNMP)

Uses the SNMPv3 protocolfor authentication and dataencryption.

Data plane Flow control Controls traffic at ports.Broadcast packets aresuppressed. Unknownunicast packets and multicastpackets are discarded. QoS isused to limit the servicetraffic.

Discarding of incorrectpackets

Discards incorrect packets,such as an Ethernet packetshorter than 64 bytes.

Loop prevention Detects self-loops at serviceports and blocks self-loopedports.



33

Plane Function DescriptionAccess control of Layer 2services

Filters static MAC addressesin the static MAC addresstable, provides a blacklist,enables and disables theMAC address learningfunction, and filters packetsbased on trafficclassification.

Service separation Includes Layer 2 logicalseparation, split horizon, andphysical path separation.

2.15 Energy SavingThe OptiX RTN 310 uses various types of technologies to reduce the amount of energy that thedevice consumes, as follows:l Streamlined design with minimum components.l High-efficiency power modules.l Low-power components.

2.16 Environmental ProtectionThe OptiX RTN 310 is designed to meet or exceed environmental protection requirements. Theproduct complies with restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS) and waste from electrical andelectronic equipment (WEEE) directives.l The OptiX RTN 310 complies with compulsory packing restrictions that limit the size of

the package containing the equipment and accessories to three times that of the equipmentdimensions.

l The product is designed for easy unpacking. In addition, all hazardous substances containedin the package decompose quickly.

l Every plastic component that weighs over 25 g is labeled according to the standards of ISO11469 and ISO 1043-1 to ISO 1043-4. All components and packages of the equipment areprovided with standard labels for recycling.

l Plugs and connectors are easy to find and the associated operations can be performed usingstandard tools.

l All the accompanying materials (such as labels) are easy to remove. Certain types ofidentifying information (such as silkscreens) are printed on chassis.



34

3 Product StructureAbout This Chapter

This chapter describes the system architecture, service signal processing flow, external ports,and indicator status explanation.

3.1 System ArchitectureThe OptiX RTN 310 has one physical board, which is displayed as SHXA2 on the NMS andoccupies logical slot 1.3.2 Service Signal Processing FlowThis section describes how the function units of the OptiX RTN 310 process GE signals.3.3 Ports and IndicatorsThe OptiX RTN 310 has most of its ports and indicators on one side for easy cabling andobservation.3.4 LabelsProduct nameplate labels, qualification card labels, electrostatic discharge (ESD) protectionlabels, radiation warning labels, grounding labels, laser safety class labels, high temperaturewarning labels, and other types of labels are affixed in their respective positions on chassis.Adhere to any warnings and instructions on the labels when performing various tasks to avoidany personal injury or damage to equipment.

OptiX RTN 310 Radio Transmission SystemProduct Description 3 Product Structure


35

3.1 System ArchitectureThe OptiX RTN 310 has one physical board, which is displayed as SHXA2 on the NMS andoccupies logical slot 1.Physically, the SHXA2 board is divided into multiple function units based on logical functions.

Block Diagram

Figure 3-1 Block diagram

USB portSCC unit

Power unit

Clock unitSupplies clock signals to other units

AntennaEthernet switching

unit

Ethernet access

unitGE signal

RF processing

unit

Clock signal

P&E signal

-48 V Supplies power to other units

PI-48 VFE/GE signal

SHXA2XPIC signal

MUX unit

Modem unit

Baseband processing unit

Control signal

RSSI portRSSI test level signal

NMS signal

NMS signal

OptiX RTN 310

NMS port

HSM signal

Function UnitsFunction Unit DescriptionEthernet access unit l Receives/Transmits Ethernet service

signals.l Converts serial Ethernet signals into

parallel Ethernet signals.l Performs frame delimitation, preamble

stripping, and cyclic redundancy checks(CRCs).

l Transmits power signals received fromthe P&E port to the power unit.



36

Function Unit DescriptionEthernet switching unit l Processes VLAN tags in Ethernet service

signals.l Performs quality of service (QoS)

processing for Ethernet frames.l Grooms services and processes protocols.

Baseband processing unit l The MUX unit maps/demaps servicesignals to/from microwave frame signals.

l The MUX unit extracts overhead bytesfrom microwave frames and transmits theoverhead bytes to the SCC unit.

l If a frequency diversity (FD) or spacediversity (SD) protection group isconfigured, the MUX unit of the standbyNE sends hitless switch mode (HSM)service signals to the MUX unit of themain NE using the 1+1 cascade cable. TheMUX unit of the main NE selects signalswith better quality.

l The modem unit modulates anddemodulates digital signals.

l If an XPIC group is configured, themodem unit performs cross polarizationinterference cancellation (XPIC) for IFsignals.

l The modem unit performs forward errorcorrection (FEC).

l The baseband processing unit performsconversion between analog and digitalsignals.

RF processing unit l Performs frequency conversion andpower amplification, and sends RF signalsto antennas in the transmit direction.

l Performs isolation, filtering, down-conversion, and power amplification forRF signals, and converts RF signals into140 MHz IF signals in the receivedirection.



37

Function Unit DescriptionSCC unit l Controls and manages other units, and

collects alarms and performance eventsover the control bus.

l Processes network management messagesin data communications channels (DCCs).

l Reads data from a USB flash drivethrough its USB port for simple initialconfiguration, data backup, or softwareupgrade.

l If a 1+1 protection group is configured,the SCC units of the main and standbyNEs exchange data communicationnetwork (DCN) information and 1+1protection protocol information throughthe 1+1 cascade ports.

Clock unit l Extracts clock signals and provides themto other units.

l Receives and processes IEEE 1588v2protocol messages for timesynchronization.

l If a 1+1 protection group is configured,the standby NE synchronizes its clockwith that of the main NE through the 1+1cascade ports.

Power unit l Receives -48 V DC power signals.l Provides power signals to other units.

3.2 Service Signal Processing FlowThis section describes how the function units of the OptiX RTN 310 process GE signals.

Figure 3-2 Signal processing flow

Ethernet access

unit

RF processing

unit

Ethernet switching

unit

FE/GE service

signal

Service bus

Modulated signal

RF signal

OptiX RTN 310

MUX unit

Modem unit

Baseband processing unitService bus



38

Table 3-1 Signal processing in the transmit directionStep

Function Unit Processing Flow

1 Ethernet access unit l Receives/Transmits Ethernet service signals.l Extracts Ethernet frames from FE/GE service signals.

2 Ethernet switchingunit

l Performs Layer 2 protocol processing and QoS processingfor the Ethernet frames.

l Transmits processed FE/GE service signals to thebaseband processing unit.

3 Baseband processingunit

l Receives FE/GE service signals from the Ethernetswitching unit.

l Turns FE/GE service signals and microwave frameoverheads into microwave frames.

l Performs forward error correction (FEC) coding.l Selects a proper modulation scheme based on the current

channel quality.l Performs modulation and digital/analog conversion.l Transmits modulated signals to the RF processing unit.

4 RF processing unit l Performs up-conversion and power amplification toconvert the modulated signals into RF signals.

l Transmits the RF signals to the antenna through a flexiblewaveguide.

Table 3-2 Signal processing in the receive directionStep


1 RF processing unit l Isolates and filters RF signals.l Performs down-conversion and power amplification to

convert the RF signals into 140 MHz modulated signals.l Transmits the modulated signals to the baseband

processing unit.2 Baseband processing

unitl Receives modulated signals from the RF processing unit.l Performs analog/digital conversion.l Demodulates signals.l Performs FEC decoding.l Extracts overhead signals and Ethernet frames from

microwave frames.l Transmits the Ethernet frames to the Ethernet switching

unit.



39

Step


3 Ethernet switchingunit

l Receives Ethernet frames from the baseband processingunit.

l Processes the Ethernet frames based on serviceconfigurations and Layer 2 protocols.

l Transmits the Ethernet frames to the Ethernet access unit.4 Ethernet access unit Performs parallel/serial conversion and transmits the Ethernet

signals.

3.3 Ports and IndicatorsThe OptiX RTN 310 has most of its ports and indicators on one side for easy cabling andobservation.

3.3.1 PortsThe OptiX RTN 310 has one GE port, one COMBO port, one P&E port, one USB port, RSSI/NMS port, and one antenna port.

Port Positions

Figure 3-3 Port positions

1. GE port 2. COMBO port 3. P&E port 4. PWR port 5. USB/RSSI/NMS port 7. Antenna port

6. PGND ground point



40

Table 3-3 PortsNo. Port Description Connector Type Cable1 GE GE optical port Small form-factor

pluggable (SFP)optical module:supports1000BASE-SX,and 1000BASE-LX.

8.8 OpticalFibers

2 COMBO Composite port that can function as either ofthe following ports through software setting:l XPIC portl GE optical portl 1+1 cascade port

SFP modulel SFP electrical

module(provided byan XPIC cable)for an XPICport

l SFP opticalmodule for aGE optical port

l SFP opticalmodule for a 1+1 cascadeport

l XPIC port:8.6 XPICCables

l GE opticalport/1+1cascadeport: 8.8OpticalFibers

3 P&E Power over Ethernet port, which canconcurrently receive GE electrical signals,-48 V power signals, and NMS signalsNOTE

You can select either the P&E port or the COMBOport to receive/transmit Ethernet services bysetting software, because the COMBO portfunctioning as a GE optical port and the GEelectrical sub-port of the P&E port share oneservice channel.

P&E connector 8.3 P&ECables

4 PWR -48 V DC power port Waterproof powerconnector

8.1 OptiX RTN310 PowerCables



41

No. Port Description Connector Type Cable5 USB/RSSI/

NMSThere are three ports: USB port, RSSI port,and NMS port.l USB port: You can insert a USB flash

drive into the USB port to import initialconfiguration data, to back up NE data, orto upgrade software.

l RSSI port: You can obtain the receivedsignal level (RSL) of an OptiX RTN 310by testing the voltage at the RSSI portusing a multimeter.

l NMS port: The NMS port transmitsnetwork management signals, sharing anRJ45 connector with the RSSI port butusing different pins from the RSSI port.

USB port: USBconnectorRSSI port/NMSport: RJ45connector

-

6 PGND point - M5 screw 8.4 OptiX RTN310 PGNDCables

7 Antenna port l An antenna port connects to an antenna, ahybrid coupler, or a flexible waveguide.

l The OptiX RTN 310 allows thepolarization direction to changeautomatically. Earlier versions allow thepolarization direction to be changed byrotating the vertical/horizontal polarizer.

l 153IEC-R120,which can beconnected to aPBR120 (foruse at thefrequencyband 13 GHz)


l 153IEC-R220,which can beconnected to aPBR220 (foruse at thefrequencyband 18 GHzor 23 GHz)


-



42

NOTE

l On the NMS, the Ethernet service port that the P&E and COMBO ports share is displayed as GE1, andthe GE optical port is displayed as GE2.

l Unused ports must be capped.

GE Optical PortA GE optical port receives/transmits Ethernet services using an SFP optical module.An SFP optical module provides one TX port and one RX port. For details, see Figure 3-4, inwhich TX represents the transmit port and RX represents the receive port.

Figure 3-4 Ports of an SFP optical module

TX RX

Table 3-4 lists the types of SFP optical modules that the GE optical port supports.

Table 3-4 SFP optical modules supported by the GE optical portPart Number Module Type Wavelength and

Transmission Distance34060321 1000BASE-SX 850 nm, 0.5 km34060290 1000BASE-LX 1310 nm, 10 km

COMBO PortA COMBO port is a composite port and can be configured as a GE optical port, a 1+1 cascadeport or an XPIC port.l If a COMBO port is configured as a GE optical port, it supports the same types of SFP

optical modules as the GE optical port, and the P&E port cannot receive Ethernetservices.

l If a COMBO port is configured as a 1+1 cascade port, it uses a 1000BASE-SX opticalmodule. Two OptiX RTN 310s can be configured as a 1+1 protection group by connectingtheir 1+1 cascade ports.

l If the COMBO port is configured as an XPIC port, two OptiX RTN 310s can be added intoan XPIC workgroup after they are connected using an XPIC cable.

P&E PortA P&E port is a power-over-Ethernet port and can simultaneously receive GE electrical signals,-48 V power signals, and NMS signals. It is either connected to a PI or an EG4P board on anOptiX RTN 900.A P&E port has 12 pins, as shown in Figure 3-5.



43

Figure 3-5 Front view of the P&E port

Table 3-5 Pin assignments for the P&E portPin No. Signal Function1 BIDA+/BGND Bidirectional data wire A (+)/

Power ground (0 V)2 BIDA-/BGND Bidirectional data wire A (-)/

Power ground (0 V)3 BIDB+/-48 V Bidirectional data wire B (+)/

Power signal (-48 V)4 BIDB-/-48 V Bidirectional data wire B (-)/

Power signal (-48 V)5 BIDC+/BGND Bidirectional data wire C (+)/

Power ground (0 V)6 BIDC-/BGND Bidirectional data wire C (-)/

Power ground (0 V)7 BIDD+/-48 V Bidirectional data wire D (+)/

Power signal (-48 V)8 BIDD-/-48 V Bidirectional data wire D (-)/

Power signal (-48 V)9 TX+ Signal output (+)10 TX- Signal output (-)11 RX+ Signal input (+)12 RX- Signal input (-)

PWR PortA PWR port supplies -48 V power signals to the OptiX RTN 310 and must be used if the OptiXRTN 310 is more than 100 meters away from a power supply device.



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Figure 3-6 Front view of the PWR port

USB/RSSI/NMS PortsThe USB and RSSI/NMS ports are independent from each other but share one protective cap.For details, see Figure 3-7.

Figure 3-7 Front view of the USB/RSSI/NMS ports

USB port RSSI/NMS port

The RSSI port shares an RJ45 connector with the NMS port, with pin assignments provided inTable 3-6.

Table 3-6 Pin assignments for the RJ45 connector on the RSSI/NMS portPin No. Signal1 Signal output (+)2 signal output (-)3 Signal input (+)4 Ground



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Pin No. Signal5 Reserved6 Signal input (-)7 RSSI test level signal8 Reserved

NOTEThe NMS port inside the P&E port and the NMS port inside the RSSI/NMS port physically share the sameport, so use only the P&E port or the RSSI/NMS port as an NMS port at one time. The RSSI/NMS port isused as an NMS port only when no 12core P&E cable is available to connect the equipment to the NMSfor service commissioning or maintenance.

3.3.2 IndicatorsThe OptiX RTN 310 has one GE optical port indicator, one USB port indicator, and one systemindicator.The indicators are on the inner sides of ports, and indicate the operating status of equipmentduring the installation, commissioning, and maintenance processes.

Figure 3-8 Indicator positionsGE optical port indicator USB port indicator System indicatorCOMBO port indicator

Table 3-7 Status explanation for indicatorsIndicator Status MeaningGE optical port indicator On (green) The GE optical port

is connectedcorrectly, but is notreceiving ortransmitting data.

Blinks (green) The GE optical portis receiving ortransmitting data.



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Indicator Status MeaningOff The GE optica

RTN 310 V100R001C01 Product Description 01

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