ROYAL MALAYSIA POLICE - 41818.org · 1 Pilot — ATC Radiotelephony Transcript and Audio CD 1 ... Transcribed 09 April 20I4/BIT, ... of MH370 and merged them into the following files:

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CONFIDENTIAL

TEAM TASK FORCE CID lm

ROYAL MALAYSIA POLICE

POLDER 6

A 10 AND OTHER

RECORDS

KLIA SEPANG RPT:3279114

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10 : G9886 SAC DATUK MOHD KHALIL BIN KADER MOHD

CONFIDENTIAL

AUDIO AND OTHER RECORDS

Item Folio

1 1 Pilot — ATC Radiotelephony Transcript and Audio CD

2 Phonetic Analysis — Prof. Dr. H.J Kunzel

Acars Traffic Log

2

3 3

4 Log Satellite Phone (SITA) 4

5 INMARSAT Data 5

6 Rolls Royce Data — Engine Health Monitoring 6

ATC A N D PILOT A 10

a

Con fdential

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Transcribed 09 April 2014/8IT, DCA

MAS 370 (Kuala Lumpur to Beijing)

PILQT-ATC RADIOTELEPHONY TRANSCRIPT

Departure from KLIA : 8 March 2014

Note: 1. Spelling errors are deliberate to reflect the pronunciation. 2. Other transmissions not related to MAS 370 are not transcribed. 3. Non continuous transmission is separated by an empty row.

ATC DELIVERY 12:25:53 MH 370 Delivery Malaysian Three Seven Zero Good Morning 12:26:02 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero Standby and Malaysia Six is

cleared to Frankfurt via AGOSA Alpha Departure six thousand feet squawk two one zero six

12:26:19 ATC ... Malaysian Three Seven Zero r uest level 12:26:21 MH 370 Malaysian Three Seven Zero we are ready requesting flight

level three five zero to...Be jin 12:26:39 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero is cleared to Beijing via PIBOS

Alpha Departure six thousand feet squawk two one five seven

12:26:45 MH 370 Beijing PIB05 Alpha six thousand feet squawk two... one five seven , Malaysian Three Seven Zero Thank You

12:26:53 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero Welcome over to ground 12:26:55 MH 370 Good Day

LUMPUR GROUND 12:27:27 MH 370 Ground Malaysian Three Seven Zero Good morning Charlie

One requesting ush and start 12:27:34 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero Lumpur Ground Moming Push

back and start approved Runway Three Two Right Exit via Sierra Four

12:27:40 MH 370 Push back and start approved Three Two Right Exit via Sierra Four P-O-B Two Three Niner Mike Romeo Oscar

12:27:45 ATC Copied

12:32:13 MH 370 Malaysia Three Seven (seven) request taxi

12:32:26 ATC Malaysian Three Seven..... (garbled) ... standard route. Hold short Bravo

12:32:30 MH 370 Ground, Malaysian Three Seven Zero. You are unreadable... say again

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Transcribed 09 April 20I4/BIT, DCA

12:32:38 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero taxi to holding point Alpha One One Runway Three Two Right via standard route. Hold short of Bravo

12:32:42 MH 370 Alpha One One Standard route Hold short Bravo Malaysian Three Seven Zero

12:35:53 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero Tower

12:36:19 ATC (garbled) ... Tower ... (garbled)

12:36:23 MH 370 One One Eight Eight Malaysian Three Seven Zero Thank you

LUMPURTOWER

12:36:30 MH 370 Tower Malaysian Three Seven Zero Morning

12:36:38 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero good morning. Lumpur Tower. Holding oint.. [garbled ]..One Zero Three Two Right

12:36:50 MH 370 Alpha One Zero Malaysian Three Seven Zero

12:38:43 ATC Three Seven Zero line up Three Two Right Alpha One Zero

12:38:45 MH 370 Line up Three Two Right Alpha One Zero Malaysian Three Seven Zero

12:40:38 ATC Three Seven Zero Three Two Right Cleared for take-off. Good night

12:40:41 MH 370 Three Two Right Cleared for take-off Malaysian Three Seven Zero. Thank you Bye

LUMPUR'APPRO CH 12:42:05 MH 370 Departure Malaysian aa..Three Seven Zero 12:42:10 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero selamat pagi identified climb

flight level one eight zero cancel SID turn right direct to IGARI

12:42:18 MH 370 Okay...Ievel one eight zero direct IGARI Malaysian one... aaa...Three Seven Zero

12:46:36 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero contact Lumpur Radar One Three Two Six good night

12:46:40 MH 370 Night One Three Two Six Malaysian aaa.. Three Seven Zero

LUMPUR RADAR' AREA 12:46:51 MH 370 Lumpur Control Malaysian aa.. Three Seven Zero 12:4b:55 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero Lumpur Radar good mornin g

TP. HUANG Pergarali i erba arat Trafik Llda^> ̂̂ ^7^ r.^ Q^ ̂̂ D ! I ^5 ;^ .. tan Penerbangan Awam ter; MAIAvS r 6 09

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Transcribed 09 Apri120I4/BIT, DCA

climb flight level two five zero 12:46:59 MH 370 Climb flight level two five zero Malaysian aaa... Three Seven

Zero

12:50:06 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero climb flight level three five zero

12:50:09 MH 370 Flight level three five zero Malaysian aaa... Three Seven Zero

01:01:14 MH 370 Malaysian aa..Three Seven Zero maintaining level three five

zero 01:01:19 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero

01:07:55 MH 370 Malaysian aa.. Three Seven Zero maintaining level three five zero

01:08:00 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero

01:19:24 ATC Malaysian Three Seven Zero contact Ho Chi Minh one two

zero decimal vine Good Night

01:19:29 MH 370 Good Night Malaysian aa.. Three Seven Zero

#End/09 April2Ol4/B!T#

TAY SIEW HUANG (^ Z)Car Pengalah lnspek:orat Trafik Udara (J +f jzt?tan Penerbangan Awam „^; MALAYSIA r T

POLIS DIRAJA MALAYSIA (JABATAN SIASATAN JENAYAH)

DVD-R 16x -1.7 (:B. 2 hr

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PHILIPPS - UNIVERSITÂT MARBURG Institut für Germanistische Sprachwissenschaft

Fach Phonetik - Leiter: Prof. Dr. H.J. Künzel Ô

Philipps-Universitat Marburg, D-35032 Marburg FB 09 Phonetik, Institut für Germanistische Sprachwissenschaft

2

Royal Malaysia Police

Att. SAC Mohd Khalil Bin Kader Mohd

CID, Special Division D9

Royal Malaysian Police Headquarters

50560 Bukit Aman

KUALA LUMPUR

Malaysia

Telefon: (0 64 21) 2824699 Telefax: (0 64 21) 282455$ e-mail: [email protected] -rnarbu r g.de

Hausadresse (Paketanschrift Wilhelm-Rôpke-Str. 6A D-35039 Marburg Geschàftszimmer A815 Tel. 06421 282 4692

22.05.2013

Subject: Flight MH 370 / Speaker recognition analysis of voices from the cockpit Reference: 1. Mail of 06.05.2014 by ACP Azari Abdul Rahman, RMP Forensic

C

Laboratory 2. My visit to KL, 11.5. - 13.5.2014

I hereby submit the following

Report

1. Aim of the investigation

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The aim of this forensic investigation was to find out who produced a set of short utterances (henceforth called speech segments) that originated from the missing aircraft MH 370 and were recorded by several stations on the ground. In particular, the question was which utterances might have been produced by the Captain Mr. Zahari, and the co-pilot Mr. Fariq, respectively. Other potential voices were not mentioned.

2. Voice material

In consideration of the fact that the method of choice to be applied to this case is automatic Forensic Speaker Recognition (FSR) based on acoustic parameters that are derived froc voice samples, the provided audio material proved to be problematic in more than one way. At one stage of the investigation the recording of new material on the premises of ATC Control at KLIA, and re-recording of existing material were found to be necessary. On the arrivai of the expert at Kuala Lumpur on May 11 the following material was available:

2.1. Unknown (questionable) speakers. Five sets of audio recordings containing the dialogue between MH 370 and installations on the ground during the first phase of the mission, from 12:25:53 PM to 01:19:29 AM local time). Since the speech segments produced by the speakers on both sides contain significant amounts of slurred speech, elisions of speech sounds and of some whole syllables the transcript of the dialogue provided by RMP facilitated orientation throughout the audio files.

On the basis of these sets of recordings, RMP had isolated the utterances produced on the side of MH370 and merged them into the following files: 2.1.1. ATC DELIVERY (4 speech segments) 2.1.2. LUMPUR GROUND (6 speech segments) 2.1.3. LUMPUR TOWER (3 speech segments) 2.1.4. LUMPUR APPROACH (3 segments) 2.1.5. LUMPUR RADAR (AREA) (6 segments)

• 2.2. Known speakers. Two audio files were provided containing voice samples of the two speakers in question, 2.2.1. ZAHARI and 2.2.2. FARIQ Both audio files are composed of a number of speech segments originating from previous flights operated by the said individuals. RMP asserted that the voices of both speakers had been confirmed by familiar persons.

2.3. Reference speakers. Furthermore, one folder ("population") containing 29 voices of other pilots communicating with KLIA ground staff was provided. According to RMP it can definitely be excluded that the voices of Zahari or Fariq are among these. Such material is needed as a so-called reference population in the course of the statistical processing of the speaker data by the automatic FSR system. The data had been gained by cutting & pasting one short speech sequence of a pilot several times until a minimum duration of 60s was obtained. This set of data had to be discarded, since it falsely suggests to the recognition system that a true amount of 60s of natural speech was the basis for calculating a speaker model whereas in reality the acoustic information was based on no more than 1 Os. An alternative strategy to construct a

• reference population had to be found (see below).

3. Assessment of the acoustic material

As was mentioned earlier the quality of the provided acoustic material was less-Chan-perfect for analysis by an automatic forensic speaker recognition system for several reasons.

3.1. Shortcomings of the speech data provided for the known speakers Due to the recommendations of the manufacturer of the automatic FSR system (Agnitio: Batvox Basic 4.1 User Handbook, Madrid 2013) a statistical model of a speaker should be based on a minimum of 30 seconds of so-called netto speech. Usually this corresponds to about 40 seconds or more of normal, fluent speech since the system exploits only voiced speech sounds, such as vowels (a, e, i, o, au, ay, oy etc.) and voiced consonants (b, d, g, v, z, r etc.). A voiced sound is produced while the vocal folds are vibrating. Ail other (voicéless) consonants, suent pauses or other interruptions of the vocal signal are excluded automatically. In the present case, speaker models had to be buiit for the voices of captain Zahari and Mr. Fariq. For Fariq, the global

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amount of speech was sufficient (netto 45.5s). However, as a stretch of 19s of his speech were degraded by an exceptionally high level of background noise a second model without these portions was built for him (Fariq less dist), with a netto duration reduced to 31.7s. Thus, the signal-to-noise level could be improved from 16 to 18 dB. The speaker model for captain Zahari had to be built from 32.7s of netto speech. The 30s threshold applies to normal, fluent speech, either spontaneous or read. In the present case, however, the speaker models had to be based on a series of very short speech segments, with durations between ca. 10 seconds and less than one second ("good day"). Furthermore, these speech segments contain a very limited vocabulary, mostly standardised expressions used in aviation, and numbers. Put differently, the material basis for the models of both known speakers cannot be regarded as representative of their normal vocal behaviour, a fact that has to be kept in mind when interpreting the results.

3.2. Shortcomings of the test audios According to the instructions of the manufacturer of Batvox 4 test audios should have a minimum duration of 7s. Table 1 contains the gross (i.e. not netto) durations of all speech segments that are contained in the five sets of data. It becomes obvious that no single segment is

• longer than 6s. Furthermore, if the netto duration is less than 3s the system would reject the speech sample altogether. For these reasons it was out of the question to use those ultra-short segments for one-to-one comparisons with the two known speakers. The only reasonable remedy to the problem was to merge several files in order to obtain a sufficiently long speech basis. Considering the five sets of recordings it was natural to combine all segments pertaining to the saure ground station.

The shortcoming of such procedure is, quite obviously, the fact that it relies on the assumption that all segments in the saure set originate from the saure speaker, which is also reported to be the standard situation in civil aviation. Yet theoretically it could not be cômpletely excluded that for instance captain Zahari might have produced segments 1,2,3,4,5 in LUMPUR RADAR (AREA) and Mr. Fariq might have produced no. 6. However, this problem can be mitigated - if not avoided - if the 7s threshold can be met by combining a subset of the speech segments in the saure set. This procedure was an option for ATC DELIVERY, LUMPUR GROUND and LUMPUR RADAR (AREA), which contain enough speech material to create two test audios: In the case of ATC DELIVERY, segments 1 and 2 were merged into ATC DELIVERY I _2, and segments 3 and 4 were merged into ATC DELIVERY 34. If the respective speaker was always

• the saure the statistical results obtained for these two audio combinations should not differ significantly from each other or from those obtained for the combination of all audios of the respective set. As a matter of fact, since the recognition system is extremely sensitive the results for a comparison would immediately indicate "no-identity" if a voice sample contains a segment pertaining to a second voice. Part of the set LUMPUR RADAR (AREA) contains a high level of noise. An additional audio file was created after the noise had been removed (LUMPUR RAD noise rem).

Another means to detect an "alien" voice in a sequence of audios is auditory analysis by what is called a trained listener. Analytical hearing is one of the most powerful tools in the science of phonetics and used for all sorts of auditory and linguistic analysis of normal and pathological speech. Independent of the automatic speaker recognition system, auditory analysis of so-called segmental and supra-segmentai parameters has lead to the strong conclusion that inside each of the five sets of recordings ail speech segments originate from one voice.

It was explained above that the linguistic nature of the speech segments produced by the known voices is not representative of the general vocal behaviour of a speaker. The saure is true for the test audios.

3

3.3. The problem of the reference population. A more technical shortcoming of virtually ail speech material pertaining to this case is the quality of the so-called transmission channel, which is much inferior to GSM transmission (cellphone standard in most parts of the world), or fixed-line telephony. One consequence of this fact is that none of the standard reference populations used in forensic casework by this author could be used. Rather, a special reference population had to be constructed that, among other features, contains the main acoustic characteristics of the transmission channel of the case material. At this juncture it is important to mention that the reference population, like the known speakers, consists of statistical models of a larger set of speakers and thus requires the same standard in terms of minimum duration of speech material (i.e. 30s netto speech). In the present case, using speech segments from other pilots recorded by the saure ground stations suggested itself. Again, the main problem here is the short duration of individual speech segments. Two strategies were considered to mitigate this problem.

• 1. A number of speech segments produced by different pilots that had been recorded at the ATC headquarters at KLIA and made accessible to the expert on their premises on May 12, 2014 were concatenated until a total duration of ca. 1 minute was reached. Thus each model consisted of up to 5 speakers. However, this procedure might have introduced a certain moment of error due to a larger intra- speaker variation, thus increasing the risk of a false acceptance.

2. All calculations were performed also using the second mode of operation featured by the forensic speaker recognition system, i.e. the Identification mode. It offers the possibility to operate the system without the use of a reference population. Details will be given in Chapter 4

4. Method

The automatic forensic speaker recognition system used in this investigation is Batvox 4, the latest release of what is probably the world's most widely used system at this time. The system offers two différent modes of operation, both of which were used in the present case

• for différent reasons. The Likelihood Ratio (LR) mode is based on the typical forensic paradigm where a speech sample of a known speaker has to be compared with that of one or more unknown (suspect) speakers. Alter passing a speech-pause threshold the known speaker's sample is automatically split into four sections of equal duration in order to account for intra-speaker variation. A 60-dimensional feature vector calculated every 10 ms is used to represent the resonance behaviour of the vocal cavities of a speaker. It consists of 20 so-called mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients (MFCCs) plus their deltas and delta-deltas, which allows to account for so-called co-articulatory features (speaker-specific transitions between neighbouring speech sounds) to a certain degree. The resuits for the four suces of the known samples are combined into a statistical model for the known speaker, which is then compared with the results for the unknown speaker's sample. The similarity score gained from this procedure is then weighted on the background of a reference population that can be composed freely in terms of number of speakers, type of speech material (spontaneous, read, interview etc.) transmission channel characteristics (microphone, landline telephone, satellite telephone, GSM, VoIP, analogue radio, TV and others) and other variables. In the LR mode of operation the reference population is not only used to normalise the results but also to calculate the likelihood that the unknown voice is not identical to the known voice. The final measure delivered by the system is a likelihood ratio (LR), with the likelihood for identity of the two

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voices in the numerator ("unknown and known voice pertain to the saine individual", the so-called prosecution hypothesis) and the likelihood for non-identity in the denominator (defence hypothesis). Technically, the LR is the ratio of the heights of intra-speaker and inter-speaker distributions of the known speaker at the point of intersection with the score obtained for the unknown voice (evidence). The LR is 1.0 at the crossing point of intra- and inter-speaker distributions. The higher the figure of LR, the stronger is the support for the prosecution hypothesis, and the opposite is truc for the defence hypothesis. Since Batvox has been developed for forensic usage the normalisation and transformation procedures that eventually turn similarity scores into LRs are based on realistic forensic background data.

With respect to the forensic application another important feature of the system is the option to include so-called impostors, i.e. speakers who are certainly not identical with the speaker(s) under test but exhibit some similarities to the target samples, for instance in terms of channel transmission characteristics. Impostors signal to the system that similarities found between themselves and the unknown speaker are not speaker-dependent. Thus the system may identify these acoustic resemblances as irrelevant, which improves its performance. In the

• forensic environment, this mode of operation is often used when in a larger case some speakers (minimum of six) in some conversations are available that can be excluded as the suspect speaker - for instance the very person(s) that the suspect is talking to. Experience with forensic cases and scientific experiments have shown that even when the quality control module of the FSR system claims that the reference population chosen for a particular test is adequate using impostors can still reduce the probability for false acceptance errors, for instance, if ail subjects had used the saure transmission channel. In the present set of calculations in the Likelihood Ratio mode of operation 6 speakers (pilots p350, p409, p523, p844, pCharlie22) were used as case impostors.

A typical example of the performance of the automatic system in the present experiment is illustrated in Figure 1 . In Fig. la the red envelope function on the left ride is the distribution of the acoustic characteristics of the members of the reference population (inter-speaker distribution). At its right slope this function partially overlaps with the distribution of the acoustic characteristics of the known speaker, in this case captain ZAHARI. The single green bar represents the score for the acoustic model of the unknown voice (ATC DELIVERY, ail 4 segments). In this case, the bar is very much into the inter-speaker distribution, which is a clear sign of non-identity with the reference speaker. The LR printed out in the upper right hand corner of the display is 9.94E-5 (0.00009). The correct formulation of the result is that the chance to obtain this numerical result if the two voices were identical is 0.0009 to 1. Figure lb shows the result if the saure unknown speaker, ACT DELIVERY, is compared to Mr. Fariq's voice. Here, the vertical green bar is located clearly inside the distribution of the intra-speaker variation at a point where the (red) inter-speaker distribution has already asymptotically dropped towards zero. Accordingly, the LR is quite high, 1780 tol, and thus supports the ("prosecution") hypothesis that both voices can be attributed to the saure individual, Mr. Fariq.

The alternative mode of operation of the speaker recognition system Batvox 4 is Identification. Here, the result is not a likelihood ratio but a dimensionless score that expresses the degree of similarity between two voices. Classical applications are voice-based access control systems (access to high-security military installations, computer centre, voice banking). The size of the similarity threshold above which identity is assumed can be adjusted at the discretion of the user/customer of the system as a function of the cost of the two types of errors that may occur, false acceptance and . false rejection. When afalse acceptance may cause high damage, for instance, if an intruder to a military installation may steal weapons, or if a criminal fraudulently

5

accesses the bank account of a customer, the cost for afalse acceptance will certainly be regarded higher than for the opposite error, i.e. the false rejection of an authorised person, or true bank customer, whose similarity score with his own voice profile (established on the basis of previous successful identifications) at one occasion happens to be below the pre-set threshold value, for instance because he was suffering from acute laryngitis). The numerical threshold for claiming identity as proposed by Batvox is 2.5, a very conservative number that corresponds to a false acceptance probability of 0.5 per cent. In the current case, the great advantage of the Identification Mode is that it does not require a reference population. Instead, a large number of impostors (see above) can be used for the normalisation of the scores, and, as was said above, impostor audios may be as short as test audios, i.e. 7s. Based on the recordings copied from ATC - KLIA a set of 82 individual voices of pilots were extracted. Since the normal intercourse between aircraft and Ground consists of between three and six interactions, a total of between 6s and 16s per speaker was obtained, which was sufficient to be used as impostors.

5. Results

10 Since no known (" suspect") speakers other than captain Zahari and his co-pilot Mr. Fariq were mentioned by RMP the fundamental question is whether Zahari or Fariq were the speakers of the speech segments contained in the five sets. Therefore, the ideal outcome of the calculations would be that for each unknown audio there is a high LR value, or score, respectively, for one of these speakers, and at the same time a very low LR value, or score, for the other.

In order to check the performance of the FSR system, speech material from a speaker who is definitely not identical with one of the suspect speakers (male speaker on duty at KLIA Ground Control) was gathered until a total of ca. 60 s were obtained (A TC Speaker Control). This speaker was also compared with all unknown recordings. If the result in one of these tests would be positive, i.e. suggesting identity of unknown and control speaker, the system would not have worked well, for instance due to an inadequate reference population. In fact, the following tables of results show that — as expected - all resuits relating to the control speaker are close to zero (LR mode), or exhibit scores clearly beneath the threshold value for identification (Identification mode).

• 5.1. Likelihood Ratios

LR calculations were carried out with the 6 case impostors mentioned in Chapter 4. Table 2 contains the results. The following facts become obvious: 1. In all test audios pertaining to ACT DELIVERY, LUMPUR GROUND and LUMPUR TOWER the LR values for captain Zahari are virtually zero. The saure is true for the LRs of the ATC control speaker. Zahari can thus practically be excluded from being the speaker in these recordings. In the saure sets of recordings, the LRs for both speaker models of co-pilot Fariq are quite high for the whole set of ATC DELIVERY, and for the subset containing parts 3_4. The values for the first two segments are low but stiil larger than 1. For LUMPUR GROUND the LRs are still lower, and for the first parts (1_2_3) of the set even below 1.0. For the second subset (4_5_6) the LRS are again well above the 1.0 threshold. The reason for the low values in the first subset cannot be reconstructed auditorily since the acoustic parameters used by the system (Mel FCCs) are abstract. However, analytical listening to all 6 segments did not reveal any significant différences among them. The case is clear again for LUMPUR TOWER, where LRs are well above 1.

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2. For the two sets LUMPUR APPROACH and both models of LUMPUR RADAR (AREA) the distribution of LRs is almost reversed. Matching the respective unknown test audios with the voice of captain Zahari produces high LRs, also for the two subsets of LUMPUR RADAR. The fact that the absolute values for the subsets are lower than for the whole set is a consequence of the shorter duration of the latter, i.e. due to the reduced basis for calculation. The fact that the noisy parts (subset 4_5_6) of LUMPUR RADAR) produce a relatively low LR (27.85) can be explained easily by the extreme level of background noise present in speech segments nos. 5 and 6 of this test audio.

5.2. Identification

Table 3 contains the results in terms of normalised scores for the same unknown and known audio data as Table 2. For each row the speaker model with the highest score has to be regarded as the most similar one compared with the unknown test audio. The following facts become obvious:

1.For the sets ATC DELIVERY, LUMPUR GROUND and LUMPUR TOWER, and also for the two subsets of the first two sets, the scores for Mr. FARIQ's voice are always the highest, and most often even surpass the conservative error threshold of 2.5 proposed by the recognition system, which corresponds to an absolute false acceptance error rate of 0.5 per cent. At the same Lime the values for captain Zahari and the ATC control speaker are not only much lower, but also of similar sizes.

2. The picture is quite différent for the sets LUMPUR APPROACH and LUMPUR RADAR (AREA). Here, the scores for captain Zahari's voice are highest. Again, the fact that the noisy parts (subset 4_5_6) of LUMPUR RADAR) yield a score of "only" 1.47 can be explained by the extreme level of background noise in speech segments nos. 5 and 6 of this test audio. At the same time, the scores for co-pilot Fariq are much lower than those for Zahari.

6. Conclusions

• The key question of the present case was which of the speech segments contained in five sets of audio recordings were produced by captain Zahari, and his co-pilot Mr. Fariq, respectively. Due to special characteristics and various shortcomings of the audio material for both known and unknown speakers it was not possible to answer this question by means of a single set of voice comparisons. Two différent modes of operation of an advanced system for forensic automatic speaker recognition, Likelihood Ratios and Speaker Identification, were used for this case. Results obtained with both approaches, and supported by auditory phonetic analysis by a trained listener (speech scientist), provide strong evidence for the assumptions that (1) inside the five sets of recordings there was always a single speaker and (2) the speech segments contained in ATC DELIVERY, LUMPUR GROUND and LUMPUR TOWER originate from the co-pilot Mr. Fariq whereas the speech segments contained in LUMPUR APPROACH and LUMPUR RADAR (AREA) originate from captain Zahari.

Prof. Dr. Hermann J. Künzel

7

•

Table 1. Gross duration of speech segments produced by MH 370

Lot recorded by speech segment no. duration (s) total duration (s)

ATC DELIVERY 1 4

2 4.8

3 6

4 0.2 15

LUMPUR GROUND 1 4.9

2 5.2

3 2.5

4 3.7

5 3.7

6 2.5 22.5

LUMPURTOWER 1 2

2 2.2

3 2.6 6.8

LUMPUR APPROACH 1 2.5

2 4.5

3 2.6 9.6

LUMPUR RADAR (AREA) 1 2.5

2 2.6

3 2.9

4 3.7

5 3.7

6 2.1 17.5

•

•

Table 2. Likelihood Ratios for comparisons of unknown speakers (test audios) and known speakers Zahari, Fariq and a control speaker from Lumpur ATC, with 6 case impostors. The five sets containing all individual speech segments are in bold print.

Speaker Model

Test Audios Zahari Fariq_alI Fariq_lessdist ATC Speaker Control

Test_MH 370 ATC Delivery_all4parts 0.0001 1780.60 1613.21 0.0000

Test_MH 370 ATC Delivery_partsl_2 0.0000 4.80 5.21 0.0000

Test MH 370 ATC Delivery_parts3_4 0.0000 1237.13 711.24 0.0000

Test_MH370 LUMPUR GROUND 0.0000 1.59 0.68 0.0000

Test_MH370 LUMPUR GROUND_partsl_2_3 0.0000 0.42 0.11 0.0001

Test_MH370 LUMPUR GROUND_parts4_5_6 0.0000 24.67 27.07 0.0000

Test_MH370 LUMPUR TOWER 0.0000 41.88 389.30 0.0000

Test_MH370 LUMPUR APPROACH 2179.38 1.74 0.30 0.0000

Test_MH 370 SECT3 LumpurRADAR noisy 836.36 0.96 0.07 0.0000

Test_MH 370 SEC3LumpurRAD_noise rem 241.63 1.29 0.11 0.0000

Test_MH 370 SECT3 LumpurRADAR123 73.81 0.09 0.01 0.0000

Test MH370SECT3LumpurRADAR 456nois 27.84 2.10 0.33 0.0000

Table 3. Identification scores for comparisons of unknown speakers (test audios) and known speakers Zahari, Fariq and a control speaker from Lumpur ATC. The five sets containing all individual speech segments are in bold print.

Speaker Model

Test Audio Zahari Fariq_aIl Fariq_lessdist ATC Speaker Control

Test_MH 370 ATC Delivery_all4parts 1.00 2.65 2.74 0.21

Test MH 370 ATC Delivery_partsl_2 -0.47 0.79 0.91 -0.98

Test MH 370 ATC Delivery_parts3_4 0.62 2.58 2.61 -0.47

Test_MH370 LUMPUR GROUND 1.33 3.01 3.04 1.26

Test_MH370 LUMPUR GROUND_partsl_2_3 0.96 2.34 2.27 0.84

Test_MH370 LUMPUR GROUND_parts4_5_6 0.47 2.74 2.89 0.12

Test_MH370 LUMPUR TOWER 0.01 2.19 2.57 0.32

Test MH370 LUMPUR APPROACH 2.74 1.23 0.94 -1.69

Test_MH 370 SECT3 LumpurRADAR noisy 2.69 1.42 0.99 -1.22

Test MH 370 SEC3LumpurRAD noise rem 2.58 1.65 1.26 -0.72

Test_MH 370 SECT3 LumpurRADAR123 2.28 0.80 0.29 -1.45

Test MH370SECT3LumpurRADAR 456nois 1.47 0.88 0.66 -1.78

e

FMI.N - Tt $H 370 ATC DNvuy_&94, Mbr^ 1,32)R-s..

wsmm

-- Hnr nqâm m[,avanabm[v — Gains y rm.mwb d m — Gausc royara,âb'I'q — eaaonw

Fi ire la. Result of the comparison of known speaker ZAHARI (blue distribution and bars) with test audio ATC DELIVERY (green bar). Distribution of the reference population in red.

fiariJistlllvFJata • T M 310 MC D.0nry_a4p.fl nnf:

Ird , L]SZF3

U f^fAiE-S

AGNTao

Nârcuram rnttav a^ d cy — G,NS r Ur. anaaier cals& totav.)naba rt . — Ev 7..nrr

Figure lb. Result of the comparison of known speaker FARIQ (blue distribution and bars) with test audio ATC DELIVERY (green bar). Distribution of the reference population in red.

4

le

I(I]

,

From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 to Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00

Iter: Aircraft registration [MRO], Source/destination [QXSXMXS]

Time Trans. Direction AN FI Medium Machine Raw DTG SMI Application Status Message Type Source/Destination

Mar. 7, 2014

"LS FINAL OK (LIC NO) (DEP STATION-ICAO)" NHEN RECEIVE LS -------------------- ----------------*

16:06:33 381598235 Incoming Downlink 9M-MRO MH0370 MHKULKIACM001 071606 MAS RELAY

Normal MAS-L (link ack) QXSXMXS

QUI DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071606

MAS AN 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/MA 990L

16:07:06 381598235 Incoming Downlink 9M-MRO MH0370 IOR2 MHKULKJACM001 071607 MAS RELAY

-mal MAS-S (successful) QXSXMXS

QU DPCCAMH .QMSXMXS 071607

MAS AN 9M-24R0/FI MH0370/MA 990S DP QXT IOR2 071607 S20A

16:09:28 46818215 Incoming Downlink 9M-MRO MH0370 IOR2 MHKULKJACM001 071609 A81 RELAY

Normal 8777 Final Loadsheet Acknowledgement QXSXMXS

QU DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071609 LOI CF MH0370/AN 9M-MRO DT QXT IOR2 071609 M00A

LS FINAL OK 711 KUL

16:10:54 46818244 Incoming Downlink

9M-MRO MH0370 IOR2 MHKULKJACM001 071611 MED RELAY

Normal Established SATCOM

QXSXMXS

le

QU DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071611

111 ^ D

FI 14H0370/AN 9M-MRO DT QXT IOR2 071611 S21A -- OES162101S

16:27:57 46818462 Incoming Downlink 9M-MRO MH0370 IOR2 MHKULKIACM001 071628 M11 RELAY

Normal 000I B777 OUT Report QXSXMXS

DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071628

11 _ 1

FI MH9370/AN 9M-MRO L , 7' QXT' IOR2 071628 T OOPY - DUTCIMAS370 /

--07I -07i627WMKKZBAA CERIi

(MINI MINI INAUL III LAOtf MONSÂC 0111f OF NItEINATIQIUl RELATION

INIHNATIONAI MATIONS UNIT IWICTiI - Som 0F POUCES SEOETAIIAT

10YYAL MALAYSIA POLICE Mff AMAN

Page 4 of 13

Printed: March 11, 2014

AS.V6R2.4 Number of records: 14

3

,r

From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 to Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00

ilter: Aircraft registration [MRO], Source/destination [QXSXMXS]

Time Trans. Direction AN FI Medium Machine ^— Raw DTG SMI Application

Status Message Tyne Source/Destination

Mar. 7, 2014

15:54:41 46817961 Incoming Downlink 9M-MRO MH0000 POR1 MHKULKJACM001 071554 MED RELAY

Normal Established SATCOM OXSXMXS

QU DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071554 MED FI MH0000/AN 9M-MRO DT QXT POR1 071554 SO4A - OES155446VS


Normal Lost VHF QXSXMXS

QU DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071555 MED TI MH0000/AN 9M—MRO DT QXT POR1 071555 S06A - 0LV155453S

15:56:08 46817982 Incoming'Downlink 9M-MRO MH0370 PORI MHKULK]ACM001 071556 MED RELAY

Normal Established SATCOM QXSXMXS


NE Fi MH0370/AN 9M—MRO DT QXT POR1 071556 S08A — OES155607S


Normal Established SATCOM QXSXMXS

QU DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071558 MED FI MH0370/AN 9M-MRO DT QXT PORI 071558 S10A - OES155759S


Normal Established SATCOM


I-FD FI M]HO370/Ad 9M—MRO DT 5XT IOR2 071600 S12A — 0ES160015S

9M-MRO MH0370 IOR2 MHKULKIACM001 071600 MED RELAY

QXSXMXS

Page 1 of 13 Printed: March 11, 2014


t

Log

From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 to Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00 =ilter: Aircraft registration [MRO], Source/destination [QXSXMXS]

Time Trans. Direction AN FI Medium Machine Raw DTG SMI Application

Status Message Type Source/Destination

Mar. 7, 2014

16:06:15 46818160 Outgoing Uplink 9M-MRO MH0370 MHKULK]ACM001 071606 AGM RELAY

Uplink Sent AGM NOTOC Uplink 8777 -- AGM NOTOC Uplink B77 QXSXMXS

QU QXSXMXS .DPCCAMH 071606 ROM AN 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/MA 989I

NOTOC MESSAGE SPECIAL LOAD NOTOC

FLIGHT DATE EDNO 01H 0370 /08 08MAR14 01 FROM/TO AC/REG k:ULPEK 9M-MEG

OTHER SPECIAL LOAD

00 POS PCS QTY/TI IMP DESCRIPTION PEK 41L 001 1128KG PER MAN

PEK 41R 001 1152KG PER NANGOSTEEN

PER 43L 001 1148KG PER ^N,ANGOSTEEN

PE_; 44L 001 1138KG PER îti IIGOSTEEN

THERE la NO EVIDENCE I'HAT ANY DAMAGED OR LEAKING PACKAGES CONTAINING DANGEROUS SOODS HAVE BEEN LOADED ON THE AIRCRAFT AT THIS STATION.

END ACARS NOTOC


9M-MRO MH0370 MHKULKJACM001 071606 MAS RELAY

Normal MAS-L (link ack)

QXSXMXS

QU DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071606 [-1°S

N 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/MA 989L

16:06:32 46818160 Incoming Downlink 9M-MRO MH0370 IOR2 MHKULKJACM001 071606 MAS RELAY

Normal MAS-S (successful) QXSXMXS

Ÿ-l1 DPCCAMH .ç>>SXISXS 071606 i1_' S

?.[d 9M-iIRO/FI MH0370/MA 989S ICT QXT IOR2 071606 S15A

s

i



Ob

Log

From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 to Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00

Filter: Aircraft registration [MRO], Source/destination [QXSXMXS]

eeee



Mar. 7, 2014

16:06:32 381598235 Outgoing Uplink 9M-MRO MH0370 MHKULKJACM001 071606 AGM RELAY

Uplink Sent Loadsheet FINAL <9M-MR> -- LOADSHEET - AGM(Pi QXSXMXS

QuI QXSXMXS .DPCCAMH 071606 LCM

AN 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/NIA 9901

X LOADSHEET FINAL 1606 01 4H0370/ 07MAR14 KUL PEK 9M-MRO 2/10 ZEN 174369 MAX 195044 L TOM 49100 TON 223469 MAX 286897 rIF 37200 LAW 186269 MAX 208652 ZNDLD 20675 PAX/10/215 TTL 227 -'TL 222/3/2 TTL COMPARTMENTS 014296 1/2500 2/4530 3/804 4/5

685 5/577 0/0 S.EATING CA/10 OB/127 OC/88

DOI 59.07

LIZFW 67.05 XFLCZFW 31.65 l.1I: I OW 70.05 MACTOW 33.78

DLI 57.29 STAB TO 03.9 MID ST.

<OTOC TES TTL PAYLOAD 014296 DOW 143283

WBC K9-45 L.:P 20SEP14 T ,'OTOC - YES

-------------------------

:/ 1D; 215 TTL 227 ^Ti, 227/3/2

CA/10 OB/127 OC/88

-------------------------------------------* PLSE ACM WITH



From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 ta Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00


tes.



Mar. 7, 2014

16:29:33 46818489 Incoming Downlink 9M-MRO MH0370 IOR2 MHKULKJACM001 071629 DFD RELAY

Normal 8777 APU Report QXSXMXS

I) DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071629 DFD

FI. MH0370/AN 9M-MRO I=UT QXT IOR2 071629 DOOA - 11AS002AO B777 APU OPS REPORT

332

ACID FLT FM FLCT DATE GMT DPT DST MRC 5370 PO 318 07/03/14 16:29:12 WMKK ZBAA

SWID SEC u :J.6A-BSM-710-02 17911

APU CYC APU TOT HRS APU PREV FLT HRS 15699 22093 4

16:41:43 46818633 Incoming Downlink 9M-MRO MH0370 IOR2 MHKULKJACM001 071641 M12 RELAY

Normal 000I B777 OFF Report QXSXMXS

3U DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071641 M12 FI MHO370/AN 9M-MRO DT QXT IOR2 071641 MO2A - OFFOIMAS370 /--071641WMKKZBAA 1641 492


Normal 8777 TAKE OFF REPORT<03> (RR) QXSXMXS

QU DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071642 1;FD

FI 14H0370/AN 9M-MRO ET QXT IOR2 071642 D01A

<:03>-CSMROS3701C 318070314164158WMKKZBAA492320 31.9 3441739265 330 2778 101708 -3497100218676 O 3050F03 50 285 286 286 36 36 :,1463 883 960 963 760077577500 51462 888 959 967 775978978900 :526223650109314442198 329 2822 5958 529223778108534442198 329 2797 5939 1036 1125 6681299149712981298 90 =O3 1116 6681299150012991299 92 6.1..3118013012031031071073 66299 1.146149059058028028090092159 99

74 34120 697013660 00E000058 1255 34920 668018150 00E000058 3 4 40229503060 38668 366 87 1 2 44233853060 39667 408 85

0„ 1 0 0 0 1 C C r) 0 0 1

(1 C'344000OAA



^`

•1t j ‹ q '° f c^.. ^`zc Cad ^^

From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 to Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00




Mar. 7, 2014

16:55:58 46818816 Incoming Downlink 9M-MRO MH0370 I0R2 MHKULKJACM001 071656 DFD RELAY

Normal B777 CLIMB REPORT<43> (RR) QXSXMXS

QU DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071656 DFD FI MH0370/AN 9M-MRO DT QXT IOR2 071656 D02A

<43>CSMROS370CL 318070314165221WMKKZBAA485880 321 222782998680 118 3619 102020 2757100219299 16 3050308 5) 51463 939 971 966 7782713713659 51462 940 967 969 7881723723661 839014503 70322948113 117 2752 5906 836914534 69792941112 117 2734 5908 99 1468 6591342136313361340 47 0 1448 6611342136613391341 52 0620E4020021029030048048 25298

CLi10093055056020020061063139 5535 50180 2176016320 0 470 '1250 2175015410 0 5 35 42155833060 38 392 570E000058

27 29 46157863060 41 392 550E000058 9536449 2350130213028

15000601. 2225128312838 25024722 950134013408 [00842000082 .03844000082

0



0

,

From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 to Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00 Filter: Aircraft registration [MRO], Source/destination [QXSXMXS]



Mar. 7, 2014


Normal DFD 8777 Position Report (NEW) QXSXMXS

OU DPCCAMH .4?XSXM_XS 071707 1_: FD FI 51H0370/AN 9M-MRO UT QXT IOR2 071707 D03A - MAS001AO B777 POSITION REPORT 565

ACID FLT FM FLCT DATE DPT DST 8180 S370 TR 318 07/03/14 WMKK ZBAA

SWID SFC 316A-BSM-710-02 18661

GMT ALT CAS MACH TAT SAT LAT LONG 164143 103 168.4 .255 31.1 27.3 2.767 101.715 164643 10582 261.8 .478 23.4 10.4 3.074 101.760 .11143 211.93 301.1 .669 11.6 -11.8 3.553 101.988 165643 28938 303.1 .783 2.6 -27.4 4.109 102.251 170143 34998 278.0 .819 -13.4 -43.9 4.708 102.534 170643 35004 278.4 .821 -13.1 -43.8 5.299 102.813

GWT TOTEM WINDIR WINDSP THDG 492 520 49200 140.3 1.25 -33.5 469200 47800 107.6 9.38 27.3

6240 46.500 91.8 19.50 27.8 403840 45400 58.4 10.63 26.0 441880 44500 69.6 17.38 26.8 461600 43800 70.0 17.13 26.7


Uplink Sent 8777 Cockpit Printer Uplink for ODC -- B777 Cockpit QXSXMXS

QLi QXSXMXS • DPCC:A:4H 071803 AGE

AN 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991I

ISALAYSIA AIRLINES - ODC

RGET REQUEST

l-OS CONTACT HO CHI MING ATC ASAP

_-H-Y COMFLAIN CANNOT TRACE YOU ON THEIR RADAR

EC'L I`JED CALL FROM SUBANG CENTRE

ROI' THESE MSG

11487111

..



F btf nà 0

From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 to Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00




Mar. 7, 2014

18:03:24 46819784 Incoming Downlink 9M-MRO MH0370 MHKULKJACM001 071803 MAS RELAY

Normal MAS-L (link ack) OXSXMXS

QU DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071803 MAS

AlH 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991L


Normal MAS-F (failed) ' QXSXMXS


AN 9M-MRO%FI MH0370/MA 991F - UP INTERCEPT AIRCRAFT NOT LOGGED ON 234

QU QXSXMXS . DPCCAIOIH 071803 ACM AN 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991I

ICALA_YSIA AIRLINES - ODC

URGET REQUEST

F'LS CONTACT


Retransmitted 8777 Cockpit Printer Uolink for ODC -- 8777 Cockpit OXSXMXS

QU QXSXMXS .DPCCAMH 071808 AGM AN 9M-MRO/F1 MH0370/MA 991I

la IMALAtSIA AIRLINES - ODC

URGET REQUEST

PUS CONTACT HO CHI MING ATC ASAP

'HEY COMPLAIN CANNOT TRACE YOD ON THEIR RADAR

R.ECE-1—JED CALL FROM SUBANG CENTRE

5 ACE THESE MSG

REGARDS M'ARVII`]


Normal MAS-L (link ack) QXSXMXS

1 DPCCAMH >'SXMXS 071808

1',aS 9M _IRO/FI MH0370/MA 991L

Page 8 of 13


AS.V6R2.4

Number of records: 24

Log

From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 to Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00



Status Message Tvoe Source/Destination

Mar. 7, 2014


Normal MAS-F (failed) QXSXMXS


MAS AN 9M—MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991F

UP INTERCEPT AIRCRAFT NOT LOGGED ON 234

QU QXSXMXS . DFCCANIH 071808

AGM

AN 9M—MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991I

MAALAYSIA AIRLINES — ODC --------------------------------- --------URGET REQUEST

PUS CONTACT


Retransmitted 8777 Cockpit Printer Uplink for ODC -- B777 Cockpit QXSXMXS

Qi.0 QXSXMXS .00CCANH 071810

ACM AH 9M—MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991I

P'_ALAiSIA AIRLINES — ODC

URGET REQUEST

I c: CONTACT HO CHI MING ATC ASAP • °'H:'Y COMPLAIN CANNOT TRACK YOD ON THEIR RADAR

R.ECEIVED CALL FROM SUBANG CENTRE

F'_,S ACI' THESE MSG

FE îARDDS `,AP VIN



9M-MRO MH0370 MHKULKIACM001 071810 MAS RELAY

QXSXMXS

U DPCCAMH Ç)USXISXS 07-1810

MAS ' 9M—'-1R0 /FI MH0370 / MA 991L



Lcg

From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 to Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00 - ilter: Aircraft registration [MRO], Source/destination [QXSXMXS]

aeouee era



Mar. 7, 2014


Normal MAS-F (failed) OXSXMXS


AN 9M MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991F - UP INTERCEPT AIRCRAFT NOT LOGGED ON 234

QU QXSXMXS DP CAMH 071810

AGIS -=11 9M-°MIRO/ F 1 MH0370/MA 991I

MALAYSIA AIRLINES - ODC

:;RGET REQUEST

PLS CONTACT


Retransmitted 8777 Cockpit Printer Uplink for ODC -- B777 Cockpit QXSXMXS

••.

QU QXSXMXS

.DPCCAMH 071811 f CM

AN 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991I

i MALAYSIA AIRLINES - ODC

URGET REQUEST

PAS CONTACT HO CHI MING ATC ASAP

T'H=Y COMPLAIN CANNOT TRACK YOU ON THEIR RADAR

PECEIVED CALL FROM SUBANG CENTRE

F'i,S ACM THESE MSG

PELARDS




QXSXMXS

,?U DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071812 t-9AS

AU 9M-MRO%FI MH0370/MA 991L

Page 10 of 13


AS.V6R2.4

Number of records: 30

a , . Log




Mar. 7, 2014


Normal MAS-F (failed) OXSXMXS


Ais] 9M-MRO/Fi MH0370/MA 991F - UP INTERCEPT AIRCRAFT NOT LOGGED ON 234

QU QXSXMXS .GPCCAMH 071811 AGM AN 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991I

MALAYSIA AIRLINES - ODC

URGET REQUEST

LS CONTACT

18:13:40 46819784 Outgoing Uplink 9M-MRO MH0370 MHKULKIACM001 071813 AGM RELAY

Retransmitted 8777 Cockpit Printer Uplink for ODC -- 8777 Cockpit OXSXMXS

QU QXSXMXS .DPCCAMH 071813 AGM

Aid 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991I

ICALAYSIA AIRLINES - ODC

URGET REQUEST

PLS CONTACT HO CHI MING ATC ASAP

s'

?l-IF Ÿ COMPLAIN CANNOT TRACE YOU ON THEIR RADAR

FECEIVED CALL FROM SUBANG CENTRE

PRS ACK THESE MSG

.EGARTS »ILRJIN


9M-MRO MH0370 MHKULKJACM001 071813 MAS RELAY


QXSXMXS

0G DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071813 MAS

?;N 9M -'IP.O/FI MH0370/MA 991L



1 :af`hc 10 g

From Mar. 07, 2014 12:48:00 to Mar. 07, 2014 20:00:00


rime Trans. Direction AN FI Medium Machine Raw DTG SMI Application


Mar. 7, 2014




AN 9M-MRO%FI MH0370/NIA 991F - UP INTERCEPT AIRCRAFT NOT LOGGED ON

234

xM QXSXMXS .DPCCAMH 071813 AGM AN 9M-MRO/FI MH0370/MA 9911

MALAYSIA AIRLINES - ODC ---------------------------------------CRGET REQUEST

ILS CONTACT


Retransmitted B777 Cockpit Printer Uplink for ODC -- B777 Cockpit QXSXMXS

QU QXSXMXS . DFCCASMH 071815

AU 9M—^PRO/FI MH0370/MA 991I

A!ALAYSIA AIRLINES — ODC

RGET REQUEST

075 CONTACT HO CHI MING ATC ASAP

THS-Y COMPLAIN CANNOT TRACE YOU ON THEIR RADAR

?ECEIVED CALL FROM SUBANG CENTRE

PLS ACK THESE MSG

REGARDS MAS VIN




QXSXMXS

r^1.1 DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071815

MAS

AIT 9M—MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991L






Mar. 7, 2014



OU DPCCAMH .QXSXMXS 071815 MAS

AN 9M 1R0/ MH0370/MA 991F US INTERCEPT AIRCRAFT NOT LOGGED ON 234

QU QXSXMXS .DPCCAMH 071815

9M—MRO/FI MH0370/MA 991I

I'ALAìSIA AIRLINES — ODC

URGET REQUEST

PLS CONTACT

G .



Â !?rC iVIL', ,î.rce r̂ n r

,Assalam Tuan Nik

Disertakan I.,og bagi kegunaan telefon Satelit dr SITA untuk rujukan pihak tuan.

4 Jae

2 014 _ 3:39;5L$31

'L_ 20 28:39:51.57 8

5±90 7/03/2024 .i-i x.3.13:57.346

:25329 7 1014 23.23:57.243

7/03/2014 j9 43 r9.553 î0000 35200217

7,/'0342024 18:41:06.863 00:00:00 352200217

7/03/2014 23:14:25,864 00:01:20 35201217

7/03/2014 23:151.2.862 00:00:00 35200217

8705135200217 160387871264

870513520021.7 100387871264

8705135200217 160387874704

87051352002 17 100387874704

Ed D te Tolai R teiAES ID

Calied # C Uer?#

Sekian

Terima Kasih

CAPT. SAYID RUZAIMI BIN SYED ARIS DCA Flight Examiner/Senior Assistant Director Flight Operations Sector I)epartrnent of Civil Aviation Malaysia

'l'el: +60 i 8871 4204 Fax: +60 3 8890 1641

te

C^RTIFifJ TRUE COPY 1

0. '-

(OATI* MpHD KMALI!L $I RADER SAC CN*F OF INTEPNAfl0 a.t IRA

I '

HflF NATINIAL IIfLAT10NS MOT INSIUTOI • DMEtAL OF rouas sicmm AT

ROYAL MALAYSIA NUE *IT An

0 Notes for Signalling Unit Log for (9M-MRO) Flight MH370

This set of notes and accompanying tables is intended to provide a readable summary of the data communication logs from the Inmarsat satellite system provided

to the authorities in connection with the ongoing investigation and search and rescue activities relating to MH370.

• AII times are in UTC

• The table below is a readable form of the logfile recorded at the ground earth station for the communications with the terminal on MH370 from 16:00 to

the last Handshake Request (Log On Interrogation) attempt at 01:16 UTC

• Some columns which contain no material information have been removed from the tables below for readability

An example of a complete message fora single log entry:

Field Headings:

Time, AES ID, DP AES Owner, Channel Name, Ocean Region, GES ID (octal), Channel Bearer, Channel Unit ID, Channel Type, Superframe Number, Frame

Number, Slot Number, SU Number, SU Type, SU Type Code, SU Contents, Q Number, Reference Number, Ack Control, SDM Figure, CRC Correct, Missed T-

Channel Burst, Broadcast, Rx Power (dBm), C/No, Frequency Offset (Hz), Estimated BER, Burst Timing Offset (microseconds)

Example message:

7/03/2014 16:42:04.408,35200217,SITADP (3047), IOR-R1200-0-36ED,IOR,305, Rx Primary,4,R-Channel RX,12184,,5„0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-

channel),62,1F DO 62 75 00 8F C5 7A 4E 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7F 89 ,D,O,E,S31,Yes,No,No,-57.29,40.09,146,0,14920

Understanding the Burst Timing Offset (BTO) values:

• The round trip time for a message is a combination of:

1. Time from the ground station -- satellite -* aircraft -> satellite - ground station

2. Processing time within the ground station, satellite and aircraft terminal, which are constant

• The BTO is a value (in microseconds) relative to a terminal at a nominal fixed location. Only R-Channel messages are used.

• The BTO therefore allows the determination of the distance between the satellite and the aircraft. It does flot provide the actual aircraft location

1

J%

Understanding the Burst Frequency Offset (BFO) values:

• The transmission signal path from the aircraft has two components affected by Doppler shift; between the satellite and aircraft, and between the satellite

and ground station

• The following need to be considered when computing the expected frequency offset:

o lnmarsat Classic Aero mobile terminais are designed to correct for aircraft Doppler effects on their transmit signais. The terminal type used on

MH370 assumes a stationary satellite at a fixed orbital position

o An individual aircraft terminal will have a fixed frequency bias

o Satellite, terminal and ground station oscillator stability

o The correction applied by the Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) system in the ground station partially compensates for the satellite to ground

station Doppler

2

9 Readable Log Messages: provided in connection with the MH370 investigation and search and rescue activities

(please read in conjunction with the notes pages)

Pre Take-Off

Burst Burst Timing

Ocean GES ID Channel Frequency

Offset Time Channel Name Region (octal) Unit ID

Channel Type SU Type Offset (microseconde) (Hz)

BFO BTO

7/03/2014 16:00:13.406 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX 0x15 - Log-on/Log-off Acknowledge 103 14820

7/03/2014 16:00:13.906 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x15 - Log-on/Log-off Acknowledge

7/03/2014 16:00:17.430 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX Eleven Octet User Data 103 14740


7/03/2014 16:00:18.406 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX Eight Octet User Data 103 14820

7/03/2014 16:00:18.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data

7/03/2014 16:00:20.906 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS

7/03/2014 16:00:20.906 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit



7/03/2014 16:00:22.906 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel) 104 14740

7/03/2014 16:00:23.407 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX 0x22 - Access Request (R/T-Channel) 103 14820

7/03/2014 16:00:23.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x51 - T-Channel Assignment

7/03/2014 16:00:27.741 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS 86 9820

7/03/2014 16:00:27.901 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 86 9820


7/03/2014 16:00:28.221 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX SubsequentSignalling Unit 88 9820




3

i

Burst Burst Timing


Offset Time Channel Name Channel Type SU Type Offset

Region (octal) Unit ID (microseconde) (Hz)

BTO BFO







7/03/2014 16:01:16.906 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX Four Octet User Data 86 14820


7/03/2014 16:01:18.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x71- User Data (ISU) - RLS


7/03/2014 16:01:19.906 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX 0x22 - Access Request (R/T-Channel) 87 14780


7/03/2014 16:01:20.906 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX 0x62-Acknowledge User Data (R-channel) 87 14800

7/03/2014 16:01:24.241 IOR-T1200-0-36D8 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX 0x71- User Data (ISU) - RLS 88 9800













4

• •

Il

• • Burst

Burst Timing

Time Channel Name Ocean GES ID Channel

Channel Type SU Type Frequency

Offset Offset


BFO BTO












7/03/2014 16:06:32.405 1OR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit















I.1 X 11 i1^K'.



7/03/2014 16:06:34.906 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel)

7/03/2014 16:06:35.406 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX Eleven Octet User Data


7/03/2014 16:06:36.407 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX Eight Octet User Data





















6

® 0 j

88 14780

88 14860

88 14800

88 14820

1,

Burst Burst Timing


Offset Time Channel Name

Region (octal) Unit ID Channel Type SU Type Offset

(microseconde) (Hz)

BFO BTO

• i Burst

Burst Timing Frequency

Ocean GES ID Channel Offset Time Channel Name


(microseconde) (Hz) BTO

BFO













7/03/2014 16:06:40.907 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel)














87 14820

87 14820

87 14800

87 14880

7

Burst Burst Timing



Offset Offset


BFO BTO










7/03/2014 16:06:44.405 IOR-P10S00-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit




7/03/2014 16:06:47.406 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 1OR 305 8 R-Channel RX Eleven Octet User Data 88 14840













8

® 0

s .1

Burst Burst Timing

Ocean GESJD Channel Frequency

Offset Time Channel Name Re g ion (octal) ( ) Unit ID

Channel Type SU Type Offset (microseconds) (HZ)

BFO BTO



























9

Burst Burst Timing




(microseconde) (Hz)

BFO BTO



























10

. .

0 0

Burst Burst Timing


Channel Type SU Type

Frequency

Offset Offset

Region (octal) Unit ID (Hz) (microseconde)

BTO BFO














7/03/2014 16:07:02.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX SubsequentSignalling Unit













11

(r i ÇS

Burst Burst

Turne Channel Name Ocean GES ID Channel


Offset Offset


BFO BTO





7/03/2014 16:07:02.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signaliing Unit



7/03/2014 16:07:02.405 !OR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX _ Subsequent Signa!ling Unit

7/03/2014 16:07:02.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channei.TX : Subsequeni-Sign.^;!ing Unit

7/03/2014 16:07:02.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 !OR 305 10 P`.ChanneITX Sub equuentSigrta!!ing, Unit

7/03/2014 16:07:02.905 !OR- P10500-0-3859 !OR _03 10 - ;'-(siaanrel TX Subsequent .Sig ang Unit

7/03/2014 16:07:02.905' ' IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P--Channe! -i'X SubsequentSigna! irtg Unit

7/03/201416:07:02.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channei:TX. Subsequent:Sig,naiRng Unit

7/03/2014 16:07:02.905 !OR-P10500-0-3859 !COR 305; 10 P € raire! iX;.:. Scrnsxquent . s nUi rg Uni t

7/03/2014 16:07:02.905 IOR-P10500-0-3 8 5 9 !OR 305 10 P-.Ch3nne! ;X çt bsequent ASE alii g Unit

7/03/2014 16:07:04.906 IOR-81200-0-36D3 -!OR 305 8 t -Channel RX ~ Oxo-2.-FkknaLu'edgs User Data (R-channii)

7/03/2014 16:07:05.407 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX E!ever,. Octet User Data



7/03/2014 16:07:06.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x62 - Acknowiedge User Data




7/03/2014 16:07:08.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signailing Unit



12

.

.

88 i420

88 14820

89 14850

88 14820

• Burst


Ocean GES ID Channel Offset Time Channel Name


(micwseconds) (HZ)

BFO BTO


























7/03/2014 16:07:10.906 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel) 87

13

305 8 R-Channel RX Eleven Octet User Data


305 10 P-Channel TX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data

305 11 R-Channel RX Eight Octet User Data


305 10 P-Channel TX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS

305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit


305 10 P-Channel TX ° Subsequent Signalling Unit


305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent ignaiiing Unit


305 10 P-Channel TX • SubsequentSignalling Unit

305 10 P-Channel TX . Subsequent S gnaiiing Unit

305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent ignaliing Unit

305 10 P-Channel TX , Subsequent Signaliing Unit


305 11 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel)



305 11 R-Channel RX Eight Octet User Data


305 11 R-Channel RX 0x22 - Access Request (R/T-Channel)

305 10 P-Channel TX 0x51 - T-Channel Assignment

305 8 T-Channel RX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS

305 8 T-Channel RX SubsequentSignalling Unit

14

88 14860

87 14840

84 14820

7/03/2014 16:07:11.406 I O R- R 1200-0-36 D3 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:11.906 IOR-R1200-0-36D3 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:13.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:15.907 IOR-R1200-0-36E3 IO R

7/03/2014 16:07:16.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 I OR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 I OR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 I OR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 -- IOR-P10500-0-3859 !OR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:18.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:20.407 IOR-R1200-0-36E3 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:20.907 IOR-R1200-0-36E3 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:21.408 IOR-R1200-0-36E3 IOR

7/03/2014 16:07:21.908 IOR-R1200-0-36E3 I OR

7/03/2014 16:07:22.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:09:37.407 IOR-R1200-0-36E3 IOR

7/03/2014 16:09:37.905 1OR-P10500-0-3859 IOR

7/03/2014 16:09:41.749 IOR-T1200-0-36D8 1O R

7/03/2014 16:09:41.948 IOR-T1200-0-36D8 I OR

84 14840

84 14800

84 14840

84 14840

84

88

88

Burst Burst Timing



Offset Offset

Re g

ion (octal) ( )

Unit ID (microseconds) (Hz)

BTO BFO

0

0 0 Burst


Turne Channel Name Ocean GES ID

. Channel

Type SU Type Offset Offset

Regon (octal) Unit ID (HZ) (microseconds)

BTO BFO

7/03/2014 16:09:42.068 IOR-T1200-0-36D8 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling U nit 89 9900







7/03/2014 16:09:43.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x62 -Acknowledge User Data





7/03/2014 16:09:46.907 IOR-R1200-0-36E3 IOR 305 11 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel) 85 14840

7/03/2014 16:11:03.907 IOR-R1200-0-36E3 IOR 305 11 R-Channel RX 0x22 - Access Request (R/T-Channel) 84 14840





7/03/2014 16:11:08.746 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent signalling Unit 89 9820








15 -^^"

Burst Burst Timing




(microseconde) (Hz)

BFO BTO



7/03/2014 16:27:59.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0X53 - Reservation Forthcoming (RFC)


7/03/2014 16:28:10.641 IOR-t1200-0-36FA IOR 305 10 T-Channel RX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS 87 9920

7/03/2014 16:28:10.801 IOR-T1200-0-36FA IOR 305 10 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 87 9920





















t -

® Ô

• 0 Burst

Burst Timing




(microseconde) (Hz)

BFO BTO



7/03/2014 16:29:22.570 IOR-T1200-0-3607 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 99 9940
























17 ami" Ç ^KJ K t̂t^t,

M1 f

Burst Burst Timing



Channel Type SU Type Offset (microseconde)

(Hz)

BTO TO








7/03/2014 16:29:38.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x61 - Request for Acknowledge (RO.A) User Data

7/03/2014 16:29:41.907 ' 'IOR-81200-0-36D3 IOR 305 8 - R-Channel RX: 0x22ACCess:Request (R/T-Channel) 96 14920

7/03/2014 16:29:42.405 IOR-P10 500-0-3 8 5 9 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX- 0x5].- T-Channel Assignirnent

7/03/2014 16:29:46.242 IOR-T1200-0-3718 IOR 305 12 T-Channel RX 0x71-User Data (ISU) - RLS 93 9900

7/03/2014 16:29:46.402 °IOR-T1200-0-3718 IOR 305 12 ''T-Channe!'RX SubsequentSignaliing Unit 93 9900

7/03/2014 16:29:46.562 IOR-T1200-0-3718 !OR 305 12 T-Channel RX , Subsequent Signallirig Unit 93 9900

7/03/2014 16:29:46.744 IOR-T1200-0-3718 IOR 305 _12 T-Channel RX° , Subse ueHÂ5igna?iirig Unit 93 9900

7/03/2014 16:29:46.882 IOR-T1200-0-3718 IOR 305 12 T-Channel RX _. Subsequent.Signalling Unit 91 9900

7/03/2014 16:29:47.042 "IOR-T1200-0-3718 iOR 305 12 T-Channel RX: Subsequent Sigriallirig Unit 91 9900






7/03/2014 16:29:47.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x61 - Request for Acknowledge (ROA) User Data





18 r

u

0 0

Burst Burst Timing



Channel Type SU Type Offset (Hz) (microseconde)

BFO BTO

7/03/2014 16:29:49.907 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305

7/03/2014 16:29:50.405 1OR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305

7/03/2014 16:29:50.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305

7/03/2014 16:29:50.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305

7/03/2014 16:29:50.405 1OR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305

7/03/2014 16:29:52.406 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305

4 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel)

10 P-Channel TX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS

10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit



4 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel)

87 14940

89 14920

19

Post Take-Off

Burst Burst Timing Ocean GES ID Channel Frequency I Offset

Time Channel Name I Channel Type SU Type II Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz) (microseconds) BFO -aTO

16:41 - Take-Off.Logged-On to Ground Earth Station (GES) 305/301, via the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) Inmarsat I-3 satellite

7/03/2014 16:41:52.907 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4 R-Channel RX 0x22 - Access Request (R/T-Channel) 141 14940

7/03/2014 16:41:53.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x51 -T-Channel Assignment

7/03/2014 16:41:57.248 IOR-T1200-0-36FA IOR 305 10 T-Channel RX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS 142 9920



7/03/2014 16:41:57.728 IOR-T1200-0-36FA IOR 305 10 T-Channel RX 0x22 - Access Request (R/T-Channel) 140 9920

7/03/2014 16:41:57.905 IOR-T1200-0-36FA IOR 305 10 T-Channel RX - Subsequent Signalling Unit 140 9920






7/03/2014 16:41:58.697 IOR-T1200-0-36FA IOR 305 10 T-Channel RX = Subsequent Signalling Unit 141 9920












20 i•

u E

a 0

Burst Burst Timing

Ocean GES ID Channel Frequency Offset Time Channel Name

Region (octal) Unit ID Channel Type SU Type

Offset (Hz) (microseconds) BFO BTO







7/03/2014 16:42:04.408 I0R-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel) 146 14920


7/03/2014 16:42:17.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x51- T-Channel Assignment



















21

Burst Burst Timing


Channel Type SU Type Frequency Offset

Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz) (microseconds) BFO BTO














7/03/2014 16:42:28.906 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 - 10 P-Channel TX ..0x62 - Acknowledge User Data

7/03/2014 16:42:29.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 _ . IOR 305 '10 P-Channes TX 0 7i, User_Oata 1S!J) - RLS

7/03/2014 16:42:29.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 !OR 305 10 P-Channel'TX ,SubsequentSignallirig Unit



7/03/2014 16:42:31.906 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel) 125 14900









22

a s

• 0 Burst Burst Timing



Offset (Hz) (microseconde) BFO BTO




























23

t Irsst j.

Burst Burst Timing

Ocean GES ID Channel i Frequency Offset Time Channel Name I

Region I

(octal) I

Unit ID I Channel Type SU Type I Offset (Hz) (microseconde)

BFO BTO










7/03/2014 16:42:53.247 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX -_SubsequentSignalling Unit 132 9"v60


7/03/2014 16:42:53.548 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX SubsequentSignailing Unit 133 9960



7/03/2014 16:42`54.028 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signailing Unit 133 9960

7/03/2014 16:42:54.188 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 1OR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 133 9960












24

. s

s Burst Burst Timing



Re ion g (octal) ( ) Unit ID Offset Hz ( ) (microseconds) BFO BTO















7/03/2014 16:43:10.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x61 - Request for Acknowledge (RQA) User Data




7/03/2014 16:55:28.290 IOR-T1200-0-3718 IOR 305 12 T-Channel RX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS 157 10220

7/03/2014 16:55:28.409 IOR-T1200-0-3718 IOR 305 12 T-Channel RX SubsequentSignalling Unit 157 10220



7/03/2014 16:55:28.889 10R-T1200-0-3718 IOR 305 12 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 159 10220





25

Burst Burst Timing Ocean GES ID Channel Frequency Offset

Time Channel Name I Region

I (octal)

I Unit ID

Channel Type SU Type I Offset (Hz) I (microseconde)

BFO BTO









7/03/2014 16:55:32.409 IOR-T1200-0-3718 IOR 305 12 T-Channel RX Subsequentsignalling Unit 159 10220



















26

• • Burst Burst Timing



Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz) I (microseconde) BFO BTO





















7/03/2014 16:55:46.909 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 160 1.0200







27 •

Burst Burst Timing

Time Channel Name Ocean

I GES ID Channel


Re ion g (octal) ( ) Unit ID Offset Hz ( ) (microseconds)

BFO BTO















7/03/2014 16:55:53.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x51 -T-ChannelAssignment

7/03/2014 16:55:57.748 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX 0x71- User Data (ISU) - RLS 163 10240

7/03/2014 16:55:57;910 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 163 10240


7/03/2014 16:55:58.228 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX SubsequentSignalling Unit 162 i0240









28

le




Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz) (microseconde) BFO BTO

7/03/2014 16:55:59.669 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 162 X0240
















7/03/2014 16:56:03.668 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 162 i0240

7/03/2014 1656:03.828 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 162 10240

7/03/201416:5603.988 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX SubsequentSignalling Unit 163 10240


7/03/2014 16:56:05.905 IOR- P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x71- User Data (ISU) - RLS


7/03/2014 16:56:05.905 IOR- P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit

7/03/2014 16:56:05.905 IOR- P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit


7/03/2014 16:56:08.407 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4 R-Channel RX 0x22-Access Request (R/T-Channel) 158 15200

7/03/2014 16:56:08.905 IOR- P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x51 - T-Channel Assignment

29

Burst Burst Timing



Re ion g (octal) ( ) Unit ID Offset Hz ( ) (microseconds) BFO BTO

7/03/2014 16:56:12.748 IOR-T1200-0-36FA IOR 305 10 T-Channel RX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS 156 10260














7/03/2014 17:06:53.749 IOR-T1200-0-3718 IOR 305 12 T-Channel RX 0x71- User Data (ISU) - RLS 135 13600













30

LL

0 0

• Burst Burst Timing


Channel Type SU Type Frequency I Offset

Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz) (microseconds) BFO BTO




























31 ^`J^"-''

Burst Burst Timing

Ocean GES 1D Channel I Frequency I Offset Time Channel Name I

Region I

(octal) Unit ID Channel Type SU Type

Offset (Hz) I (microseconde)

BFO BTO















7/03/2014 17:07:11.028 IOR-T1200-0-36D8 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subséquent Signalling Unit 132 10600

7/03/2014 17:07:12.748 IOR-T1200-0-36D8 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX _ _ Subsequent Signalling Unit 137 10600












32 r s

® •

Ài















7/03/2014 17:07:19.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x51- T-Channel Assignment

7/03/2014 17:07:23.766 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RIS 137 10640














7/03/2014 17:07:26.003 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit 134 '_:;640


33

Burst


j GES ID Channel


Bu Timing

Offset

Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz) I (microseconds)

BFO BTO























7/03/2014 17:07:34.905 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x51 -T-Channel Assignment

7/03/2014 17:07:38.749 IOR-T1200-0-3718 IOR 305 12 T-Channel RX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS 136 10620




34

1';

0

0 i..

Burst Burst Timing

I Time Channel Name Ocean GES ID Channel


Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz) (microseconde) BFO J BTO




























35

Burst Burst Timing

Ocean GES ID Channel Frequency I Offset Time Channel Name I

Region I

(octal) I

Unit ID Channel Type SU Type


BFO BTO






17:07 - Last Acknowledged Ground to Air DATA-2 ACARS Message. Link lost at sometime between here and 18:03:41.


18:03 - No Response to Ground to Air DATA-2 ACARS Data. Link lost at sometime between 17:07:48 and here.




















36

® 0

• 0

Burst Burst Timing


Channel Type SU Type Frequency I Offset

Re ion g (octal) ( ) Unit ID Offset Hz ( ) (microseconds)

BFO BTO

7/03/2014 18:03:41.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX

















18:04 - Last of five requests for Acknowledge to the Air DATA-2 ACARS Data at 18:03

18:05:11- Data-2 Ground to Air transmission, automatic ACARS retransmission after expiry of 90

sec timer. Terminal is flot responding.









Subsequent Signalling Unit












0x61 - Request for Acknowledge (RQA) User Data












0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS

37 c^^\ç

Burst Burst Timing




BFO !T0






7/03/2014 18:05:11.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signafling Unit

7/03/2014 18:05:11.405 IOR- P10500-0-3859 lOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit





7/03/2014 18:05:11.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 !OR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit





7/03/2014 18:05:11.405 IOR-P10500-0-3859 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX SubsequentSignallingUnit











38

. .

0 •

Burst Burst Timing


I I GES ID Channel

I Channel Type SU Type Frequency I Offset

Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz) I (microseconde) BFO BTO


18:25 - Log-On Request, initiated from the aircraft terminal. This is the end of the Iink lost period that began at sometime between 17:07:48 and 18:03:41.

7/03/2014 18:25:27.421 IOR-R600-0-36E1 IOR 305 8 R-Channel RX 0x10- Log-on Request (ISU)/Log-on Flight Information

(SSU)

7/03/2014 18:25:28.852 IOR-P600-0-36FC IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x11 - Log-on Confirm

7/03/2014 18:25:29.572 IOR-P600-0-36FC IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x40 - P-/R-Channel Control (ISU)

7/03/2014 18:25:29.572 IOR-P600-0-36FC IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX " Subsequent Signalling Unit

7/03/2014 18:25:30.213 IOR-P600-0-36FC IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x41 - T-Channel Control (ISU)

7/03/2014 18:25:30.213 IOR-P600-0-36FC IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit

7/03/2014 18:25:34.461 10R-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4 R-Channel RX 0x15 - Log-on/Log-off Acknowledge

7/03/2014 18:25:35.408 IOR-P10500-0-3868 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x15 - Log-on/Log-off Acknowledge

7/03/2014 18:27:03.905 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4 R-Channel RX Eleven Octet User Data

7/03/2014 18:27:04.405 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4 R-Channel RX Four Octet User Data

7/03/2014 18:27:04.907 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data

7/03/2014 18:27:06.407 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x71- User Data (ISU) - RLS


7/03/2014 18:27:08.404 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4 R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel)

7/03/2014 18:28:05.904 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4 R-Channel RX 0x22 - Access Request (R/T-Channel)

7/03/2014 18:28:06.407 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x51 - T-Channel Assignment

7/03/2014 18:28:10.260 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX 0x71- User Data (ISU) - RLS

7/03/2014 18:28:10.398 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX Subsequent Signalling Unit


7/03/2014 18:28:10.718 IOR-T1200-0-36D7 IOR 305 8 T-Channel RX SubsequentSignalling Unit



7/03/2014 18:28:11.907 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data

7/03/2014 18:28:12.907 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x71 - User Data (ISU) - RLS

7/03/2014 18:28:12.907 IOR-P10S00-0-386B IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX Subsequent Signalling Unit

142 17120

273 51700

176 12560

175 12520

172 12520

144 12500

148 7540

148 7540

147 7540

147 7540

147 7540

147 7540

39

7/03/2014 18:28:14.904 10R-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4

18:39 - Ground Initiated to Air Telephony Call - Zero Duration (Not Answered)

7/03/2014 18:39:52.907 IOR- P10500-0-3868 IOR 301 10

7/03/2014 18:39:52.907 10R-P10500-0-386B IOR 301 10

7/03/2014 18:39:52.907 10R-P10500-0-3868 IOR 301 10

7/03/2014 18:39:52.907 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 301 10

7/03/2014 18:39:55.354 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6

R-Channel RX 0x62 - Acknowledge User Data (R-channel)

143 12480

P-Channel TX 0x20 - Access Request/Call Announcement Telephone/Circuit-Mode Data

P-Channel TX 0x33 - C-Channel Assignment (Regularity)



C-Channel RX 0x30 - Call Progress - Test 88

Burst Burst Timing

Ocean GES ID Channel I Frequency I Offset Time Channel Name I

Region I

(octal) Unit ID Channel Type SU Type

Offset (Hz) (microseconds)

BFO BTO

84 C-Channel and 2 P-Channel messages moved into separate below table (see appendix 1) to ease the reading of key events. C-Channel messages have no

BTO values

7/03/2014 18:40:56.354 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6

19:41 - Handshake Request, with response

7/03/2014 19:41:00.910 IOR- P10500-0-3868 IOR 305 10

7/03/2014 19:41:02.906 10R-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4


7/03/2014 20:41:02.907 10R-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 _ 10

7/03/2014 20:41:04.904 10R-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4

21.41- Handshake Request, with response

7/03/2014 21:41:24.907 IOR- P10500-0-3868 IOR 305 10

7/03/2014 21:41:26.905 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4


7/03/2014 22:41:19.907 10R-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 10

7/03/2014 22:41:21.906 10R-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4

23:13 - Ground Initiated to Air Telephony Call - Zero Duration (Not Answered)

7/03/2014 23:13:58.407 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 10

7/03/2014 23:13:58.407 IOR- P10500-0-3868 IOR 305 10

7/03/2014 23:14:00.904 IOR-3737-21000 IOR 305 6

C-Channel RX 0x30 - Call Progress - Channel Release 90

P-Channel TX 0x14 - Log Control - Log-on Interrogation

R-Channel RX 0x15 - Log-on/Log-off Acknowledge 111 11500









C-Channel RX 0x30 - Cail Progress - Test 216

LDI

4

n

• s Burst Burst Timing




BFO BTO

48 C-Channel and 1 P-Channel messages moved into separate below table (see appendix 2) to ease the reading of key events. C-Channel messages have no

BTO values

7/03/2014 23:15:02.032 IOR-3737-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Call Progress - Channel Release 219

00:10:58 - Handshake Request, with response

8/03/2014 00:10:58.000 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x14 - Log Control - Log-on Interrogation

8/03/2014 00:10:59.928 IOR-R1200-0-36ED IOR 305 4 R-Channel RX 0x15 - Log-on/Log-off Acknowledge 252 18040

00:19:29 - Log-On Request (reported as a Partial Handshake), initiated from the aircraft terminal

8/03/2014 00:19:29.416 IOR-R600-0-36F8 IOR 305 10 R-Channel RX 0x10- Log-on Request (ISU)/Log-on Flight Information

182 23000 (SSU)

8/03/2014 00:19:31.572 IOR-P600-0-36FC IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x11 - Log-on Confirm

8/03/2014 00:19:32.212 IOR-P600-0-36FC IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x40 - P-/R-Channel Control (ISU)


8/03/2014 00:19:32.852 IOR-P600-0-36FC IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x41 - T-Channel Control (ISU)


00:19:37 - Note that the following R-Channel burst at 00:19:37.443 is the last transmission received from the aircraft terminal

8/03/2014 00:19:37.443 IOR-R1200-0-36F6 IOR 305 10 R-Channel RX 0x15 - Log-on/Log-off Acknowledge -2 49660

8/03/2014 00:19:38.407 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x15 - Log-on/Log-off Acknowledge

01:15:56 — Handshake Request - No Response from Aircraft Terminal

8/03/2014 01:15:56.000 IOR-P10500-0-3868 IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x14 - Log Control - Log-on Interrogation

01:16:06 - Handshake Request - No Response from Aircraft Terminal


01:16:15 - Handshake Request - No Response from Aircraft Terminal


41

Appendix 1

Messages extracted between 18:39:55 and 18:40:56 above to ease reading

Burst Burst Timing



Offset

(microsecond Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz)

s) BFO BTO

7/03/2014 18:39:55.664 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Test 87

7/03/2014 18:39:55.673 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30- Cati Progress -Test

7/03/2014 18:39:55.837 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Test


7/03/2014 18:39:55.988 IOR-3730-21000 1OR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Call Progress - Test

7/03/2014 18:39:55.999 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channe) RX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Test 87

7/03/2014 18:39:56.165 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Cali Progress -Test 87

7/03/201418:39:56.173 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Test

7/03/2014 18:39:56.215 IOR-373E-21000 VOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Test 86

7/03/2014 18:39:56.344 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-ChanneiTX _ 0x30-Cali.Progress-Test


7/03/2014 18:39:56.499 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30- Cati Progress -Test 87

7/03/2014 18:39:56.524 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Test

7/03/2014 18:39:56.524 IOR-.373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30- Cati Progress -Test 86

7/03/2014 18:39:56.665 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30-Cali Progress -Test 86


7/03/2014 18:39:56.703 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Call Progress - Test

7/03/2014 18:39:56.741 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Test 86


7/03/2014 18:39:56.854 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30-Cali Progress -Test 90


42

10 le

0 • Burst Timing

Burst Offset



(microsecond Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz)

s) BFO BTO

7/03/2014 18:39:56.860 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30-Cali Progress -Test


7/03/2014 18:39:56.999 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x60 - Telephony Acknowledge 89




7/03/2014 18:39:57.199 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Test



7/03/2014 18:39:57.360 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Call Progress - Test 88







7/03/2014 18:39:57.747 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x60 - Telephony Acknowledgè 88


7/03/2014 18:39:57.859 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x60 - Telephony Acknowledge 89

7/03/2014 18:39:57.860 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Call Progress - Channel Release







43

\ Ÿ^ /.

Burst Timing Burst


Ocean GES ID Channel Channel Type SU Type

Frequency (microsecond

Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz) s) BFO BTO



7/03/2014 18:39:58.360 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Channel Release

7/03/2014 18:39:58.407 IOR-P10500-0-3868 IOR 301 10 P-Channel TX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Channel Release




7/03/2014 18:39:58.748 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x60- Telephony Acknowledge 87

7/03/2014 18:39:58.859 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x60-TelephonyAcknowledge 88

7/03/2014 18:39:59.024 IOR-373E-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Channel Release 87






7/03/2014 18:40:02.335 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Call Progress - Status Report

7/03/2014 18:40:03.164 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Status Report 90



7/03/2014 18:40:22.335 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Status Report



7/03/2014 18:40:33.167 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Call Progress - Status Report 87




44

ÿc.^C

s

4

# 0 Burst Timing

Burst Offset



(microsecond Region (octal) Unit ID Offset (Hz) s)

BFO BTO


7/03/2014 18:40:54.697 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Channel Release


7/03/2014 18:40:54.982 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Call Progress - Channel Release



7/03/2014 18:40:55.407 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 301 10 P-Channel TX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Channel Release


7/03/2014 18:40:55.499 IOR-3730-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Cali Progress - Channel Release 88





Appendix 2

Messages extracted between 23:14:01 and 23:15:03 above to ease reading

Burst Burst Timing




45

Burst Burst Timing



Offset (Hz) (microseconds)

BFO BTO









7/03/2014 23:14:01.878 IOR-3737-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30-Cati Progress-Test








7/03/2014 23:14:02.527 IOR-3737-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel TX 0x30 - Call Progress - Test





7/03/2014 23:14:03.196 IOR-3737-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x60 - Telephony Acknowiedge 216

7/03/2014 23:14:03.386 IOR-3737-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x60 - Telephony Acknowiedge 216




46

r 0

t

0

Burst Burst Timing



Offset (Hz) (microseconde)

BFO BTO
















7/03/2014 23:15:00.907 IOR-P10500-0-386B IOR 305 10 P-Channel TX 0x30 - Call Progress - Channel Release




7/03/2014 23:15:01.386 IOR-3737-21000 IOR 305 6 C-Channel RX 0x30 - Call Progress- Channel Release 217




47

r 0 APPENDIX 1.6B - ENGINE HEALTH MONITORING — DECODED DATA FOR TAKE-OFF AND CLIMB REPORTS

EHM Parameter Key

Parameter description Units A/P Auto îlot status discrete A/T Autothrottle status discrete ACID Aircraft identification AOHE Air Oil Heat Exchanger

Position Selected discrete

ASMT Assumed Day Temperature Celsius AVM Vibration monitoring system

status word hexadecimaf

BBA Broadband vibration channel A ACU BBB Broadband vibration channel B ACU CAS Calculated airspeed knots DATE Date dd/mm/yyy

DP ASCS Duct Pressure psi

DPT Departure airport DRTE Thrust derate switch DST Destination airport EBFR Environmental control system

bleed flow rate Ib/s

EBLD Environmental control system discrete

discrete

EECT EEC temperature Celsius EGT Exhaust gas temperature Celsius EPRACT EPR actual EPRACT-L EPR actual - left EPRACT-R EPR actual - right EPRCMD EPR commanded EPRMAX EPR maximum EPRTRA EPR throttle angle ESN En ine serial number

Parameter description Units ESTAT EEC status FAV ASCS FAMV Actual Position FCC3 EEC status word FCC4 EEC status word

FCC5 EEC status word FCC6 EEC status word

FLCT Report Copy number FLT Fli htnumber FM FIi ht phase FMVDMD Fuel metering valve demanded

position FMVSEL Fuel metering valve commanded

position FNDERATESW Thrust derate switch FUELT Fuel temperature in a/c tank Celsius GENLD Generator load shp GMT Time hh:mm:ss

GWT Gross Weight lb

LAT Latitude degrees LONG Longitude degrees MACH Mach number Ni N1 shaft s eed % N1VA Ni shaft vibration channel A ACU N1VB Ni shaft vibration channel B ACU N2 N2 shaft speed % N2VA N2 shaft vibration channel A ACU N2VB N2 shaft vibration channel B ACU

MH370/O1/1 5 Malaysian ICAO Annex 13 Safety Investigation Team for MH370 Ministry of Transport, Malaysia

1 of 4 4UATUK MONO KNAIJL $ M KADHt M0.""$

cou of INTRIIATI ON*L SKATi011 I$TE$NATWMAL UUTONS MIT

ImMot - 6i+IE AL OF POLICES 5Fa1ËULVLu ROYAL MLA S1A P UŒ

MIT AMA$

• • APPENDIX 1.6B - ENGINE HEALTH MONITORING — DECODED DATA FOR TAKE-OFF AND CLIMB REPORTS

Parameter description Units Parameter description Units N3 N3 shaft speed % PKFR Pack mass flow rate Ibis N3VA N3 shaft vibration channel A ACU PKWD ECS status discretes hexadecimal

N3VB N3 shaft vibration channel B ACU PTO ASCS PC Out temperature Celsius

NAC1 Nacelle temperature zone 1 (firewire resistance)

ohms RATG EEC rating

NAC2 Nacelle temperature zone 2 (firewire resistance)

ohms SFC Sub-Frame Counter (recorded data oint

number

OILP OiF pressure psi SWID Software identification OILT Oil temperature Celsius T20 T20 temperature (inlet) Celsius P160 P160 pressure (bypass duct) psi T25 T25 temperature (HPC inlet) Celsius P2.5 P25 pressure (HPC inlet) psi T30 T30 temperature (HPC outlet) Celsius P20 P20 pressure (inlet) psi TAT Total Air Temperature Celsius P30 P30 pressure (HPC outlet) psi TCAF Turbine cooling air front Celsius P50 P50 pressure (LP turbine

outlet psi TCAR Turbine cooling air rear Celsius

PACK Cabin bleed discrete discrete THDG True heading PALT Pressure altitude feet TRA Throttle resolver angle degrees PHF Vibration phase front degrees TRALOC Throttle resolver angle degrees PHR Vibration phase rear degrees VSV VSV angle degrees

WF Fuel flow lb/hr

MH370/01/15 2 of 4 Malaysian ICAO Annex 13 Safety Investigation Team for MH370 Ministry of Transport, Malaysia

• • APPENDIX 1.6B - ENGINE HEALTH MONITORING - DECODED DATA FOR TAKE-OFF AND CLIMB REPORTS

Take-off Report

ACID FLT FM FLCT DATE GMT DPT DST GWT MRO S370 IC 318 07/03/2014 16:41:58 WMKK ZBAA 492320

PALT CAS MACH TAT LAT LONG THDG SWID SFC 344 173.9 0.265 33 2.778 101.708 -349 71002 18676

A/P AIT FUELT PKWD DRTE ASMT RHL RHR RHC TEGTL TEGTR 0 6 30 50F0 3 50 285 286 286 36 36

ESN N1 N2 N3 I EGT FMVDMD FMVSEL NAI WAI L 51463 88.3 96 96.3 1760 77.5 77.5 0 0 R 51462 88.8 95.9 96.7 I 775.9 78.9 78.9 0 0

P20 P160 P2.5 P30 P50 T20 T25 T30 15.262 23.65 109.31 444.2 19.8 32.9 282.2 595.8 15.242 23.778 108.53 444.2 19.8 32.9 279.7 593.9

OILP OILT TRA EPRACT EPRMAX EPRCMD EPRTRA VSV 103.6 112.5 66.8 1.299 1.497 1.298 1.298 90 109.3 111.6 66.8 1.299 1.5 1.299 1.299 92

AVM N1VA N1VB N2VA N2VB N3VA N3VB BBA BBB PHF PHR 0 1.13 1.18 0.13 0.12 0.31. 0.31 0.71 0_:73 66 299 0 1.46 - 1.49 0.59. 0.58 0.28: ` 0.28 0.9 0.92 159 99

TCAF TCAR PACK PKFR EBLD EBFR FAV AOHE FCC3 RATG 427.4 341.2 0 69.7 0 136.6: '` 0 0 OEOO 0058 425.5 349.2 0 66.8 0 181.5 0 0 OEOO 0058

FCC4 FCC5 FCC6 L 0008 4200 0088 R 0008 4200 0088

MH370/01/15 3 of 4 Malaysian ICAO Annex 13 Safety Investigation Team for MH370 Ministry of Transport, Malaysia

L

0 0 APPENDIX 1.6B - ENGINE HEALTH MONITORING - DECODED DATA FOR TAKE-OFF AND CLIMB REPORTS

Climb Report

ACID FLT FM FLCT DATE GMT DPT DST GWT MRO S370 CL 318 07/03/2014 16:52:21 WMKK ZBAA 485880

PALT CAS MACH TAT LAT LONG THDG SWID SFC 22278 299.8 0.68 11.8 3.619 102.02 275 71002 19299

AIP AIT FUELT PKWD DRTE ASMT 1 6 30 5030 8 5) Note 1

ESN N1 N2 N3 EGT FMVDMD FMVSEL TRALOC 71.3 65.9 72.3 66.1

T25 T30 275.2 590.6 273.4 590.8

EPRTRA VSV 1.34 47 1.341 52

L 51463 93.9 96.6 77.8 778.2 71.3 R 51462 94 96.7 78.8 788.1 72.3

P20 P160 P2.5 P30 P50 T20 L 8.39 14.503 70.32 294.8 11.3 11.7 R 8.369 14.534 69.79 294.1 11.2 11.7

OILP OILT TRA EPRACT EPRMAX EPRCMD L 99 146.8 65.9 1.342 1.363 1.336 R 100 144.8 66.1 1.342 1.366 1.339

AVM NIVA N1VB N2VA N2VB N3VA N3VB BBA BBB PHF PHR L 0 0.62 0.64 0.2 0.21 0.29 0.3 0.48 0.48 25 298 R 0 0.9 0.93 0.55 0.56 0.2 0.2 0.61 0.63 139 Note 1

TCAF TCAR PACK PKFR EBLD EBFR FAV AOHE L 553.5 501.8 0 217.6 0 163.2 0 0 R 547 512.5 0 217.5 0 154.1 0 0

NAC1 NAC2 GENLD WF ESTAT EECT PTO DP FCC3 RATG L 35 35 42 15583 3060 38 392 57 OEOO 0058 R 27 29 46 15786 3060 41 392 55 OEOO 0058

ALT MACH TAT EPRACT-L EPRACT-R FNDERATESW 9536 0.449 23.5 1.302 1.302 28 15000 0.601 22.25 1.283 1.283 38 25024 0.722 9.5 1.34 1.34 08

FCC4 FCC5 FCC6 L 0008 4200 0082

0008 4400 0082 Note 1: The character, ), is generated by the ACMS to indicate that the source of

information is valid and the parameter data bits are invalid.

MH370/01 /15 Malaysian ICAO Annex 13 Safety Investigation Team for MH370 Ministry of Transport, Malaysia

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ROYAL MALAYSIA POLICE - 41818.org · 1 Pilot — ATC Radiotelephony Transcript and Audio CD 1 ... Transcribed 09 April 20I4/BIT, ... of MH370 and merged them into the following files:

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