Routine Molecular Routine Molecular Epidemiology for Enhanced Epidemiology for Enhanced Detection and Control of Detection and Control of Foodborne Outbreaks Foodborne Outbreaks Lee H. Harrison, MD Lee H. Harrison, MD Associate Professor Associate Professor Departments of Departments of Epidemiology and Epidemiology and Medicine Medicine University of University of
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Routine Molecular Epidemiology for Enhanced Detection and Control of Foodborne Outbreaks
Routine Molecular Epidemiology for Enhanced Detection and Control of Foodborne Outbreaks. Lee H. Harrison, MD Associate Professor Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine University of Pittsburgh. What is molecular epidemiology in infectious diseases?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Routine Molecular Epidemiology Routine Molecular Epidemiology for Enhanced Detection and for Enhanced Detection and
Control of Foodborne OutbreaksControl of Foodborne Outbreaks
Lee H. Harrison, MDLee H. Harrison, MD
Associate ProfessorAssociate Professor
Departments of Epidemiology and Departments of Epidemiology and MedicineMedicine
University of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh
What is molecular epidemiology in infectious diseases?
PurposePurpose: : Determine modes of Determine modes of transmission and source of infectiontransmission and source of infection
PrincipalPrincipal: : Exploit pheno-/genotypic Exploit pheno-/genotypic differences between strains differences between strains
PracticePractice: : Molecular subtypingMolecular subtyping of of bacterial/fungal/viral/parasitic isolatesbacterial/fungal/viral/parasitic isolates
Molecular Epidemiology in Infectious Diseases: Why molecular methods?
Previously used methods:Previously used methods: – antimicrobial susceptibility patternsantimicrobial susceptibility patterns– serologic/biochemical typingserologic/biochemical typing
Examples:Examples:– 95% of invasive 95% of invasive H. influenzaeH. influenzae were serotype b were serotype b– L. monocytogenesL. monocytogenes: 3 major serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, 4b): 3 major serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, 4b)
Molecular Epidemiology in Infectious Diseases: Basic Types of Methods
Genotypic methodsGenotypic methods– DNA basedDNA based
– Heritable and stableHeritable and stable
– Not affected by isolation/culture conditionsNot affected by isolation/culture conditions Phenotypic methodsPhenotypic methods
– Rely on expressed characteristicsRely on expressed characteristics
– Affected by isolation/culture/test conditionsAffected by isolation/culture/test conditions
Molecular Epidemiology in Infectious Diseases: Common Methods
Analysis of chromosomal DNAAnalysis of chromosomal DNA– Restriction Restriction endonuclease analysisendonuclease analysis ( (REAREA))– Pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)Pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)– Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)– rDNA gene restriction patterns (ribotyping)rDNA gene restriction patterns (ribotyping)– Nucleic acid sequencingNucleic acid sequencing– Nucleic acid hybridization of entire genomeNucleic acid hybridization of entire genome
Molecular Epidemiology in Infectious Diseases: Common Methods
Analysis of plasmid DNAAnalysis of plasmid DNA– Plasmid sizePlasmid size
– Restriction digestsRestriction digests Protein analysisProtein analysis
– Outer membrane protein (OMP) analysisOuter membrane protein (OMP) analysis