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Page 1: ROTORDYNAMICS '92 - Home - Springer978-1-4471-19… ·  · 2017-08-24ROTORDYNAMICS '92 Proceedings ofthe ... M. Zippo, A. Vallini, G.Diana ... Xi'an 710048China J.A.Kirk UniversityofMaryland

ROTORDYNAMICS '92

Page 2: ROTORDYNAMICS '92 - Home - Springer978-1-4471-19… ·  · 2017-08-24ROTORDYNAMICS '92 Proceedings ofthe ... M. Zippo, A. Vallini, G.Diana ... Xi'an 710048China J.A.Kirk UniversityofMaryland

ROTORDYNAMICS '92Proceedings of the International Conference

on Rotating Machine DynamicsHotel des Bains, Venice, 28--30 April 1992

Edited by

Michael J. Goodwin

Springer-VerlagLondon Berlin Heidelberg New York

Paris Tokyo Hong KongBarcelona Budapest

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Michael J. Goodwin BSc, PhD, CEng, MIMechEDepartment of Mechanical and Computer-Aided Engineering, Staffordshire Polytechnic,Beaconside, Stafford ST18 OAD, UK

ISBN-13: 978-3-540-19754-6001: 10.1007/978-1-4471-1979-1

e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4471-1979-1

British Library Cataloguing in Publication DataRotordynamics '92: Proceedings of the International Conferenceon Rotating Machine Dynamics, Hotel des Bains, Venice,28-30 April 1992

I. Goodwin, M. J.621.8

ISBN-13: 978-3-540-19754-6

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataA catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress

Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, orcriticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in anyform or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, orin the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licencesissued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproductionoutside those terms should be sent to the publishers.

© Springer-Verlag London Limited 1992

The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to theaccuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legalresponsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made.

Printed by Antony Rowe Ltd., Chippenham, Wiltshire69/3830-543210 Printed on acid-free paper

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Proceedings of the International Conference on Rotating Machine DynamicsROTORDYNAMICS '92

Hotel des Bains, Venice, 28-30 April 1992

Contents

Conference sponsors.

Foreword .

Conference organising committee .

Editorial board. . . . . . . . . .

VlI

IX

xi

Xl

List of papers and page numbers.

List of contributing authors . . .

STAFFORDSHIREPOLYTECHNIC

Organised by Staffordshire Polytechnic

Xlll

XVlI

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Proceedings of the International Conference on Rotating Machine DynamicsROTORDYNAMICS '92

held at the Hotel des Bains, Venice, 28-30 April 1992

Organised by Staffordshire Polytechnic

Sponsored by:

Staffordshire Polytechnic

The Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineers

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

The Vibration Institute

The Theory of Lubrication and Bearings Institute

Federazione delle Associazioni Nazionali dell'Industria Meccanica Varia ed Affine(ANIMA)

The Institution of Diagnostic Engineers

The Australian Academy of Science

Associazione Elettrotecnica ed e1ettronica Italiana

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Proceedings of the International Conference on Rotating Machine DynamicsROTORDYNAMICS '92

held at the Hotel des Bains, Venice, 28-30 April 1992

Organised by Staffordshire Polytechnic

Foreword

Rotating machinery is one of the largest classes of machinery used, and designersand operators of such equipment have to deal with many related potential problemsassociated with machine vibration and wear. The use of sophisticated design aids,and of new monitoring techniques has developed as a consequence of the world'sincreasing demands for quieter machine operation, longer machine life, and greaterefficiency of operation. With improved machine design, and greater operatingexperience, the expectations of the engineer concerned with using machinesbecomes yet more demanding, and so research into rotating machinery continues ata substantial pace.The international conference, rotordynamics '92, has drawn together the ideasand practices of engineers concerned with rotating machinery, from throughout theworld. The topics discussed included balancing, torsion, cracked structures, bladedsystems, seals, and bearings, as well as methods used in analysis and monitoring.Reference to practical experience in the operation of machinery was also made. Thisbook is a record of the contributions to the conference, made by experts fromthroughout the world. It should provide stimulating reading to all concerned withrotating machinery.Happy reading!

Michael Goodwin

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Proceedings of the International Conference on Rotating Machine DynamicsROTORDYNAMICS '92

held at the Hotel des Bains, Venice, 28-30 April 1992

Organised by Staffordshire Polytechnic

Conference Organising Committee:

Dr M J Goodwin (Chairman), Staffordshire Polytechnic, United KingdomDr P J Ogrodnik, Staffordshire Polytechnic, United KingdomProf F Pina da Silva, Instituto Superior Tecnico, PortugalProf Z Parszewski, University of Melbourne, AustraliaProf T Sankar, University of Concordia, CanadaDr M White, University of Trondheim, NorwayDr M Zhao, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China

Prof R. Nordmann, University of Kaiserlautern, GermanyProf A Tamura, Takushoku University, Japan

Editorial Board:

Dr M J Goodwin (Chairman), Staffordshire Polytechnic, United KingdomDr P J Ogrodnik, Staffordshire Polytechnic, United KingdomProf F Pina da Silva, Instituto Superior Tecnico, PortugalProf Z Parszewski, University of Melbourne, AustraliaProf T Sankar, University of Concordia, CanadaDr M White, University of Trondheim, NorwayDr M Zhao, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China

Prof R. Nordmann, University of Kaiserlautern, GermanyProf A Tamura, Takushoku University, Japan

Dr 0 Matsushita, Tsuchiura Works, Hitachi Ltd., JapanDr L. Hongtao, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ChinaDr S Z Wang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ChinaDr J Krodkiewski, University of Melbourne, AustraliaDr T Chalko, University of Melbourne, Australia

Dr M P Roach, Staffordshire Polytechnic, United KingdomProf S Michimura, Takusyoku University, Japan

Dr Z Guo-Gang, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, ChinaDr S H Chan, University of Trondheim, Norway

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List of Papers Presented

Keynote Paper Session

A brief history of rotor dynamicsA. D. Dimarogonas . . . . . . 1

Session 1 Balancing

Theoretical and practical aspects in the field balancing of large turbogeneratorrotorsC. Frigeri, M. Tonsi and G. A. Zanetta .. . . . . . . . . . . . . " 11

Active balancing of a high speed rotor in magnetic bearingsC. R. Knospe, R. R. Humphris, E. H. Maslen and P. E. Allaire ..... 19

Session 2 Torsion

A new generation of torsional stress analysers for turbine-generatorsH. L. Berger and S. T. Kulig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Coupled axial-torsional vibration in turbine generator rotorsR. A. Driver and T. S. Wilkinson . . . . . . . . . . .

Nonstationary torsional vibrations during clutch operationS. Yanabe, A. Okada and N. Yamagishi .

Session 3 Cracked Structures

A finite element model for transverse cracks in rotors including some fracturemechanics aspectsD. P. W. Horrigan, J. F. Williams and Z. A. Parszewski .

The effects of a transverse crack on the dynamics of a circular shaftP. S. Leung .

Vibrations of cracked rotating bladesJ. Wauer .

Session 4 Condition Monitoring I

Development of computerised on-line condition monitoring of rotatingmachinery - a custom based approachK. Ramakrishna, A. Rajamani and S. Narayanan . . . . . .. . ...

An expert system of crack monitoring and diagnosing for rotating machinesM. Zhao and Z. H. Luo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27

35

43

51

59

68

76

84

Alignment identification of multi-bearing rotor systemsJ. M. Krodkiewski, J. Ding and Z. A. Pars?ewski

Smart rotorsA. D. Dimarogonas and A. Kollias . . . . .. . .

Fuzzy input-neural net adoptive expert systems for rotor diagnosisprognosisA. D. Dimarogonas .

and

92

100

107

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182

Session 5 Stability

Plain bearing stabilisation using swirl injectionR. D. Brown 115

Stability analysis for a novel design of low impedance hydrodynamic bearingL. K. Lim, M. J. Goodwin, P. J. Ogrodnik and M. P. Roach. . . . . . . 124

On the performance and stability of magnetic bearingsD. K. Anand, J. A. Kirk, R. Zmood and E. Rodriquez . . . . . . . . . 132

Session 6 SealsIdentification of friction factors for modelling the exciting forces caused by flowin labyrinth sealsG. Thieleke and H. Stetter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Physical modelling and data analysis of the dynamic response of a flexiblymounted rotor mechanical sealA. S. Lee and I. Green 150

The relevance of the dynamic behaviour of the supporting structure incalculating critical speeds of multistage centrifugal pumps with interstage sealsN. Bachschmid, K. L. Cavalca and F. Cheli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Session 7 Analytical Methods I

The FEM development of a general, hollow conical shaft element for use intransfer matrix analysis of rotor-bearing systems: part I - formulation of themodelM. S. Darlow and T. J. Bievenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166

The FEM development of a general, hollow conical shaft element for use intransfer matrix analysis of rotor-bearing systems: part II - analysis results andexperimental correlationM. S. Darlow and T. J. Bievenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Response of a discontinuously nonlinear rotor systemD. Gonsalves, R. D. Neilson and A. D. S. Barr

Session 8 Condition Monitoring II

A PC-based evaluation and monitoring system for rotating machineryM. Typrin, E. C. Pawtowski and R. G. Kirk . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Some effects of the emerging science of design on the design of turbomachineryusing a computer-based design model in conjunction with a knowledge-basedexpert systemD. Muster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

The organisation and use of knowledge-based expert systems in the computer­based design of turbomachineryD. Muster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Session 9 Geared Systems

Optimising parameters in gear hob manufacturing to reduce gear transmissionvibration and wearZ. X. Zhao, R. W. Baines and Z. H. Wang 217

Finite element contact analysis of the cone roller enveloping worm gearing andstress computationL. Hui and Z. Guanghui . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

Vibrational behaviour of rotors with gear couplings in case of insufficientcoupling lubricationN. Bachschmid, A. Curami and F. Petrone 232

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Session 10 Analytical Methods II

On discrete-continuous modelling of the rotating systems for a non-lineartorsional vibration analysisR. Bogacz, H. Irretier and T. Szolc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The rotary motion of a three degree of freedom manipulator linkageK. L. Fan, M. J. Goodwin, M. D. Butler, D. D. L. Risk and J. E. T. Penny

Physical interpretation and some properties of complex eigenvectors inrotordynamics by a time domain approachH. R. T. de Azevedo and H. I. Weber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The evaluation of the safety of the shaft system of the large turbine generatorsetH. Y. Luo .

Session 11 Bladed Systems

Vibration reduction of blading using interconnecting elementsG. M. Chapman, E. Swain, X Wang and M. Yang .

Vibration characteristics of an axial blading with different types of couplinglinksJ. F. Mayer .....

Session 12 Case Studies

The use of finite element method to solve vibration problems on vertical pumpsM. Scali and G. Marenco .

The influence of pulsating mechanical loads on acoustic noise generated by ACinduction motorsR. P. Lisner and R. J. Alfredson

Dynamics of electric submersible pumpsR. D. Neilson .

High vibration on a 90MW gas turbine-generator due to a supporting structureresonanceG. L. Lapini, M. Zippo, A. Vallini, G. Diana and A. Collina

Study on torsional shaft vibration response of turbine-generator unitH. Xiuzhu, Z. Xueyan and S. Daixia . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Session 13 Vibration Control

Wide band active vibration controller for an out-of-balance rotorA. V. Metcalfe and J. S. Burdess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Vibration control of a flexible rotor suspended by active electromagneticbearingsY. Suzuki, S. Michimura and A. Tamura .

Reduction of periodic rotating vibration using the repetitive control in therotating servo systemZ. W. Zhong .

Session 14 Bearings I

Steady-state analysis of a novel variable impedance oil film bearingY. Fang, M. J. Goodwin, P. J. Ogrodnik and M. P. Roach . . . . . . . .

Influence of elasticity and geometrical profile on dynamic transmissibility ofconnecting-rod bearingB. Fantino and B. Bou-Sai'd

240

248

256

264

270

278

287

294

302

310

319

327

335

343

351

359Vibration control in rotating machinery by the use of accumulators or aeratedlubricantsM. P. Roach and M. J. Goodwin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367

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Session 15 Fluid Effects

Modelling of recirculation in axial flow pumpsR. Noguera, F. Massouh, R. Rey and S. Kouidri

Finite element integration of the bulk-flow equationsB. Pizzigoni and E. Tanzi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A contribution to the dynamic simulation of nonlinear rotating machines withfluid dynamical coupling elementsD. Weber, R. Cardinali and R. Nordmann .

Session 16 Bearings II

A consideration of damping in rotors supported by tilting-pad bearingsM. F. White .

The response of a spherical journal bearing to rotor unbalance1. A. Craighead and P. S. Leung .

Influence of ball bearing stiffness on squeeze film behaviour, including fluidflow turbulence and inertia effectsB. Bou-Said and D. Nelias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

376

382

389

398

406

414

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R. J. AlfredsonMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia

List of Contributors

B. Bou-SaidLaboratoire de Macanique des ContactsINSAVilleurbanneFrance

P. E. AllaireUniversity of VirginiaU.S.A.

D. K. AnandUniversity of Maryland at College ParkDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringCollege Park CampusMaryland, 20742U.S.A.

N. BachschmidDept Mechanical EngineeringPoltecnica de MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220132 MilanoItaly

R. W. BainesStaffordshire PolytechnicBeaconsideStafford ST18 OADU.K.

A. D. S. BarrUniversity of AberdeenU.K.

H. L. BergerSiemens EngineeringBesuchsadresseWiesenstraBe, 35Germany

L. BiaoSenior EngineerXuzhou Mine Equipment PlantXuzhou Jiangsu221007, China

T. J. BievenueG E Schenectady NYU.S.A.

R. BogaczInst. Fundamental Tech. ResearchWarsawPoland

R. D. BrownHeriot Watt UniversityDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringJames Nasmyth BuildingRicartonEdinburgh EH14 4ASU.K.

J. S. BurdessUniversity of Newcastle-upon-TyneU.K.

M. D. ButlerStaffordshire PolytechnicMCAEBeaconsideStafford ST18 OADU.K.

R. CardinaliUniversity of CampinesBrazil

K. L. CavalcaPolitecnico di MilanoItaly

G. M. ChapmanSchool of Engineering and ManufactureLeicester PolytechnicPO Box 143Leicester LEI 9BHU.K.

F. CheliPolitechnico di MilanoItaly

Z. ChenGroup 405Oepartment of PropulsionBeijing University of Aero & AstroBeijin 100083China

A. CollinaDept Mechanical EngineeringPoltecnica de MilanoPiazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220132 MilanoItaly

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I. A. CraigheadUniversity of StrathclydeDepartment of Mechanical Engineering75 Montrose StreetGlasgow, GL lXJU.K.

A. CuramiPolitecnico di MilanoItaly

S.DaixiaThermal Power Research InstituteMinistry of EnergyChina

M. S. DarlowTechnionIsrael Institute of TechnologyFaculty of Mechanical EngineeringTechnion CityHaifa 3200Israel

H. R. T. de AzevedoCepelCaixa Postal 2754Rio de JaneroBrazil

G. DianaPolitecnico de MilanItaly

A. D. DimarogonasDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringSchool of Engineering and AppliedScienceWashington University in St LouisMO 63130U.S.A.

J. DingUniversity of MelbourneAustralia

Dong Ling1st Department of MechanicalEngineeringChong ging UniversityShi ChuanChina

R. A. DriverNEI ParsonsHeaton WorksNewcastle-upon-TyneU.K.

K. L. FanDepartment of Mechanical andComputer-Aided EngineeringStaffordshire PolytechnicBeaconsideStafford ST18 OADU.K.

Y. FangDepartment of Mechanical andComputer-Aided EngineeringStaffordshire PolytechnicBeaconsideStafford ST18 OADU.K.

B. FantinoINSA LYON20 Avenue Albert Enstein69621 Villeubranne CedexFrance

Fang Feng-ZhouDept Mechanical EngineeringHeiLongjang InstituteJixi City HeiLongjiangChina

C. FrigeriENEL Automatica Research CentreColognoMonzeseItaly

D. GonsalvesUniversity of AberdeenDepartment of EngineeringKings CollegeAberdeen AB9 2UEU.K.

M. J. GoodwinStaffordshire PolytechnicBeaconsideStafford ST18 OADU.K.

I. GreenGeorgia Institute of TechnologyMechanical EngineeringAtlantaGeorgia 30332U.S.A.

Z. GuanghuiChongqing UniversityCongquing 63004China

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L. He-ShengDept of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzholZhejiang 310027China

C. HeyouShijiazhuang Railway InstituteShijiazhuang CityChina

D. P. W. HorriganDepartment of Mechanical andManufacturing EngineeringUniversity of MelbourneParkville, Victoria3052 Australia

L. HuiChongqing UniversityChongqing 63004PR China

R. R. HumphrisUniversity of VirginiaU.S.A.

H. IrretierInst. of MechanicsKassel UniversityGermany

H. JiajuThe Gansu HUAYU AutomaticWater Feeder Plant11 Suenjiati Qilihe DistrictLanzhou, China

Z. Jian-YuanDepartment of Power EngineeringWuhan University of WaterTransportation EngineeringWuhan Hubel 430063China

L. KaiShaanxi Institute of MechanicalEngineering 305ShaanxiXi'an710048 China

J. A. KirkUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742U.S.A.

R. G. KirkMechanical Engineering DepartmentVirginia Polytechnic Institute and StateUniversityBlacksburgVirginia 24061U.S.A.

C. R. KnospeUniversity of VirginiaUnited States of America

A. KolliasSchool of Engineering and AppliedScienceWashington University in St. LouisU.S.A.

S. KouidriENSAMBoulevard de I'HopitalParisFrance

J. M. KrodkiewskiThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3052Australia

S. T. KuligSiemens AGMulheim a d RuhrGermany

G. L. LapiniCISESpASegrateItaly

A. S. LeeGeorgia Inst. TechAtlantaGeorgiaU.S.A.

P. S. LeungNewcastle PolytechnicFaculty of Engineering Science &TechnologyEllison BuildingNewcastle-upon-Tyne NEI 8STU.K.

L. K. LimDepartme.nt of Mechanical andComputer-Aided EngineeringStaffordshire PolytechnicBeaconsideStafford ST18 OADU.K.

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R. P. LisnerMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia

Huang Ya LuoCentral China Electric PowerAdministrationChina

z. H. LuoShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityPR China

G. MarencoPompe GabbionetaMilanoItaly

E. H. MaslenUniversity of VirginiaU.S.A.

F. MassouhENSAMBoulevard de I'HopitalParisFrance

J. F. MayerUniversitat Stuttgart7 Stuttgart 80(Vaihingen)Pfaffenwaldring 6Germany

A. V. MetcalfeUniversity of Newcastle-upon-TyneDepartment of Engineering andMathematicsStephenson BuildingNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE1 7RUU.K.

S. MichimuraTakushoku UniversityTokyoJapan

D. MusterDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTexas 77204-4792U.S.A.

S. NarayananIndian Inst. of Tech.MadrasIndia

R. D. NeilsonDepartment of EngineeringUniversity of AberdeenKing's CollegeAberdeen AB9 2UEU.K.

D. NeliasLaboratoire de Mecanique desContactsINSAVilleurbanneFrance

R.NogueraENSAM151 boulevard de I'Hopital75013 ParisFrance

R. NordmannUniversity of KaiserslauternGermany

P. J. OgrodnikStaffordshire PolytechnicBeaconsideStafford ST18 OADU.K.

A. OkadaNippon Vulkan Co LtdJapan

Z. A. ParszewskiUniversity of MelbourneAustralia

E. C. PawtowskiVirginia Polytechnic Inst. and StateUniversityU.S.A.

J. E. T. PennyAston UniversityBirminghamU.K.

F. PetroneInstituto di MacchineUnodeli studi di CataniaItaly

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B. PizzigoniUniversity of PaviaItaly

A. RajamaniVibration LaboratoryCorporate Research &Development ResearchVikasnagarHyderabad500593 India

K. RamakrishnaVibration LaboratoryBHELVikasnagerHyderabadIndia

R. ReyENSAMBoulevard de I'HopitalParisFrance

D. D. L. RiskStaffordshire PolytechnicBeaconsideStafford ST18 OADU.K.

M. P. RoachDepartment of Mechanical andComputer-Aided EngineeringStaffordshire PolytechnicStaffordU.K.

E. RodriquezGoddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMarylandU.S.A.

M. ScaliPompe GabionetaViale Casiraghi 6820099 Sesto SGiovanniMilano, Italy

H. StetterUniversity of StuttgartGermany

Y. SuzukiTakushoku UniversityTokyoJapan

E. SwainLoughborough UniversityU.K.

T. SzolcPolic Academy of SciencesInstitute of Fundamental TechnicalResearchSwietokrzyska 21; 00 049WarsawPoland

A. TamuraDepartment of Mechanical SystemsEngineeringTakushoku University815-1 Tate-machi hachiojiTokyo193 Japan

Lin TanTheory of Lubrication and BearingInstituteXi'an Jiaotong UnversityXi'an710049 China

E. TanziPolitecnico di MilanoItaly

G. ThielekeITSMPfattenwaldring 6Postfach 80 11 407000 Stuttgart 80Germany

M. TonsiENEL Automatica Research CentreColognoMonzeseItaly

M. TyprinVirginia Polytechnic Inst. and StateUniversityU.S.A.

A. ValliniENEL DPT-VDT-STEPisaItaly

Y. WaQgBeijing Satellite Institute ofEnvironmental EngineeringPO Box 785Beijing 100029China

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X. WangLoughborough UniversityU.K.

Z. H. WangDepartment of Mechanical andProductionShandong Polytechnic UniversityJinanShandongChina

J. WauerUniversity of KarlsruheMechanical Department7500 Karlsruhe 1KaiserstraBe 12Postfach 6380 Germany

D. WeberUniversity of CampinasGeprom - laboratorio de ProjectoMecanicoPO Box 605113081 Campinas Brazil

H. I. WeberCampinas State UniversitySao PauloBrazil

J. WeiNorthwest Institute of Textile Scienceand TechnologyDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringJin Hua RoadXi'an 710048China

M. F. WhiteNTHDepartment of Marine Technology/EngineeringThe University of TrondheimThe Norwegian Institute of TechnologyN 7034 TrondheimNorway

T. S. WilkinsonParsons Turbine GeneratorsNEI Parsons LimitedHeaton WorksNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE6 2YLU.K.

T. S. WilkinsonNEI ParsonsHeaton WorksNewcastle-upon-TyneU.K.

J. F. WilliamsUniversity of MelbourneAustralia

S. B. XiaDepartment of Power EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150006China

W. XinhuaDepartment of Power EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150006China

H. XiuzhuThermal Power Research InstituteMinistry of EnergyChina

Z. XueyanThermal Power Research InstituteMinistry of EnergyChina

N. YamagishiNigata Converter Co LtdJapan

S. YanabeNagaoka Univ. of TechnologyDept. of Mechanical EngineeringNagoaka-shi Kamitomioka940-21Japan

M. YangLoughborough UniversityU.K.

L. Yu-binLiao Yang Pharmacy MachineryPlant 2Section 1 Sheng Li RoadLiao Yang CityLiao NingChina

G. A. ZanettaENEL Automatica Research CentreColognoMonzeseItaly

M. ZhaoVibration Shock and Noise InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong University1954 Hua Shan RoadShanghai 200030China

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Z. X. ZhaoStaffordshire PolytechnicBeaconsideStafford ST18 OADU.K.

W. ZhihongShandong Polytechnic UniversityJinanChina

Z.W. ZhongMaterials Fabrication LaboratoryRIKENThe Institute of Physical and ChemicalResearchWako Saitama 351-01Japan

M. ZippoCISE SpASegrateItaly

R. ZmoodRMITMelbourneAustralia