ROOTS & TUBERS: Serving People, The Planet, and Prosperity … · ROOTS & TUBERS: Serving People, The Planet, and . Prosperity . Pamela K. Anderson . 18 January 2016 . [email protected]

ROOTS & TUBERS: Serving People, The Planet, and Prosperity Pamela K. Anderson 18 January 2016 [email protected]

GOAL 2 – ZERO HUNGER

Malnutrition

2 billion people experience micronutrient malnutrition 1.9 billion people are overweight or obese 794 million people are estimated to be calorie deficient 161 million children <5 are stunted 1 in 12 adults worldwide has Type 2 diabetes Soure: 2015 Global Nutrition Report (IFPRI)

By 2050, the world population is expected to reach 9.7 billion

We will need to increase food production by 70%

International Potato Center

Growth rates of yields for major cereals in developing countries are slowing

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

1963 1967 1971 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003

Aver

age

annu

al gr

owth

rate

(%) maize

rice

wheat

Source: World Bank, 2007. World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for development.

Yam 2.9%

Potato 2.7%

Cassava 1.9%

Sweetpotato 1.0%

Growth Rates of

Roots & Tubers (1993 – 2020)

The Chinese population is expected to continue growing and stabilize at about 1.5 billion. China has targeted 95% food self-sufficiency. They estimated that over the next 2 decades food production will need to increase by 100,000,000 T, and that 50,000,000 T should come from potatoes alone

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Virus

Late blight

Clean seed

Bacterial wilt

World average

+ 6.0 tons

+ 5.1 tons

+ 2.8 tons + 0.6 tons

Yield(t/ha)

Potato yield gap analysis

Source: a) Fuglie, 2007. Research Priority Assessment for the CIP 2005-2015 Strategic Plan: Projecting Impacts on Poverty, Employment, Health and Environment.

Olluco

Kañihua

Quinua

Oca

Potato

Barley

Ullucos tuberosus

Chenopodium quínoa

Oxalis tuberosa

Ssp. Andigena

(Carbohidrate)

(Carbohidrates) 97 / 2.1 / 0.5

61 / 1.0 / 1.6

62 / 1.1 / 1.1

376 / 11.5 / 4.2

Nutritional properties (quality and quantity of aminoacids

(Metabolismo de colorantes sanguíneos)

Energ. K/Cal

Protein g.

Hierro Mg.

Energ. K/Cal

Proteinas g.

Hierro Mg.

Energ. K/Cal

Protein g.

Hierro Mg. Energ.

K/Cal Protein

g. Hierro Mg.

Mutton

Dairy

Malanga, Yautía Xanthosoma sagittifolium

Yam Dioscorea spp.

Taro Colocasia esculenta

Orange-fleshed Sweetpotato

1.7 million households in Sub-Saharan Africa as direct beneficiaries of OFSP Spillover may have benefited 2 – 5 times that many households

Vitamin A Cassava Vitamin A Cassava developed through conventional breeding by CIAT, IITA, and Nigeria’s national program: 6 cultivars released (2011-14) • Starter packs of stems reach 500,000

farmers and 1,000,000 bundles of stems were harvested by commercial farmers for sale to others in 2015

• Promotion creates demand and price premia

Micronutrient Content of Native Potatoes: Iron, Zinc, Vitamin C, Vitamin A

GOAL 1 – NO POVERTY

PAPA ANDINA INITITIVE

Seed production system for native potatoes

Commercial information systems (price info on native potatoes)

IPM for market quality criteria

Post Harvest management to smooth supply

Input provider Farmer Wholesaler Processor Retail

2002 2006

PERU: Native Potato Chips Market

2008

MT

1000

2000

Creative imitations

Large companies

Certification

2004

PMCA: Commercial Innovation

2009

Pepsico-Frito Lay officially launched “Lays Andinas”

THE SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY CHALLENGE:

Embedding new products into the company business plan – not corporate social responsibility efforts

Spaces dedicated to potatoes - Supermarkets in 2014 -

Cassava is a versatile commodity; given it’s high starch content, it can be transformed into many important products for industrial use

Composite flour for bread, biscuits, snacks, pasta

Animal feeds (poultry, fish,

livestock)

Glucose, sorbitol & other products

High Quality Cassava Flour

(HQCF) Cassava chips Starch Ethanol

Cassava

Export (for use in ethanol production) Plywood

Food & beverage (culinary cubes, drink powders)

Industrial (pharma, textile, adhesives,

paper)

Spirit distilling

Pharmaceutical / industrial uses (sterilization)

Sweeteners & sugar replacements

Toothpaste, cosmetics, &

medicine

Source: Dahlberg, 2015: Overview of cassava in Africa.

Cassava in Latin America

Cassava in Asia

Biofuel

Nearly all of Africa’s cassava is grown for subsistence, with industrial potential largely untapped

Source: FAOSTAT, SESRTCIC “Food Security and Poverty Alleviation Initiative in OIC Member States of sub-Saharan Africa: A preamble to Cassava Integrated Project”, 2006, http://www.iita.org/cassava

4

5

5

5

5

10

16

16

17

53

Malawi

Ghana

Angola

DRC

Nigeria

Uganda

Cameroon

Tanzania

Sierra Leone

Mozambique

Top cassava producers in Africa, 2013 (million MT)

STUDY BY DALBERG, 2015: Overview of cassava production in Africa

Cassava in Africa

Improving value addition and nutrition using orange-fleshed sweetpotato

Making it happen required research on best technologies & marketing strategies

GOAL 8 – DECENT WORK

The Youth Bulge

YOUTH AFRICA ASIA LAC < 15 Years 41% 26% 24% 15 – 24 Years 19% 17% 16%

Source: UN World Population Prospects, 2015 Revision.

GOAL 5 – GENDER EQUALITY

Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index

Access to productive resources

Control over use of income

Production decision-making

Time allocation

Community leadership

WEAI

GOAL 13 – CLIMATE ACTION

Climate induced % change in production by 2050

Source: M. Rosegrant (IFPRI) 2009

NCAR A2a

Global Production 16%

Sloped land (Laos)

Nigeria

Brazil

Dry environments

Humid environments

Orinoco river, Venezuela

Amazon, Brazil

Acid soils, Colombia

Fertile soils, Vietnam

GOAL 17 – PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS