Roofs

Done by :- Rahul Sharma IISD, GURGAON

o Roof is the covering on the uppermost part of a building. A roof protects the building and its contents from the effects of weather.

What Is A Roof ???

o In most countries a roof protects primarily against rain. Depending upon the nature of the building, the roof may also protect against heat, sunlight, cold and wind.

Roofing Terminology Hip

The external angle at the junction of two sides of a roof whose supporting walls adjoin.

JoistIn a flat roof, a horizontal structural member over which sheathing is nailed.

RafterA structural member (usually slanted) to which sheathing is nailed.

FlashingSheet metal or other material used at junctions of different planes on a roof to prevent leakage.

GableThe triangular upper part of a wall closing the end of a ridged roof

RidgeThe horizontal line at the top edge of two sloping roof planes.

ValleyThe less-than 180-degree angle where two sloping roof sections come together

Roof Types

Flat roof A flat roof is not truly flat but angled slightly to allow for water

runoff. It is the cheapest to build initially but will cost you much

more than other roof types in maintenance costs.

Shed Roof A shed roof is basically a flat roof with a slightly greater

angle allowing for greater runoff. They are relatively easy to

build and inexpensive as compared to most other roof types.

They are usually used on home extension rooms and

porches

Gable Roof A gable roof consists of two shed roof structures joined at

the peak forming a ridge line.

Gable DormersDormers are room construction

extensions from the roof structure.

They usually have windows or doors

on the front wall structure. Dormers

are often used in 1 ½ story

construction to provide light and

ventilation to the upper story.

Hip Roof A hip or hipped is a type of roof where all sides slope downwards

to the walls, usually with a fairly gentle slope.

A square hip roof is shaped like

a PYRAMID. In other words we called

as PYRAMID ROOF.

Hip roofs on houses could

have two triangular sides and

two trapezoidal ones. A hip

roof on a rectangular plan has

four faces.

Gamblrel RoofGambrel roof design is similar to gable construction With

two angles on each side. Steep lower surfaces and shallow

angle top surfaces allow greater floor space in 1 ½ story

construction.

Mansard RoofMansard roof construction consists of a compound hip roof design

with a lower and upper hip format.

Butterfly Roof The butterfly roof is an inverted gable roof design creating a

central valley for runoff. The design is visually stunning but

impractical for water tightness.

Dome RoofDome construction is one of the most difficult to build but is

often the most interesting visually

The marble dome of theTaj Mahal.