roofs (1)

Roof Designs1Types of RoofsThe roof greatly afects the overall appearance of a home.There are many standard styles from which to choose.Choose a style that complements the basic design of the house being planned.2Roof DesignThe roof design and roofng materials have a signifcant impact on the fnished appearance of the residence.3Gable RoofThe gable roof is a very popular type of roof. It is easy to build, sheds water well, provides for ventilation, and can be applied to most house designs.4Hip RoofThe hip roof is slightly more difcult to build than a gable roof. It is a popular choice, but does not provide for ventilation as well as some designs.5Flat RoofA at roof is the most economical roof to build, but it adds little to the design of most houses. It re!uires a built"up or membrane roof covering.6Shed RoofA shed roof is similar to a at roof but has more pitch. It is fre!uently used for additions or with other roof styles.7Mansard RoofThe mansard roof is a #rench design and is more difcult to construct than the hip or gable roof.8Dutch Hip RoofThe $utch hip roof is basically a hip roof with a small gable at either end. The gables can be used for ventilation.9Gambrel RoofThe gambrel roof is sometimes called a barn roof because it has been used e%tensively on barns. It provides additional headroom in the attic.10Butterfy RoofThe buttery roof is not widely used. It provides plenty of light and ventilation, but drainage is a problem.11Winged GableThe winged gable is essentially a gable roof, e%tended at the pea&.12!Frame RoofThe A"frame roof provides a roof and walls for the structure. Is popular for cottages, homes, churches, and other structures.13Folded "late RoofThe folded plate roof has limited use in single"family homes. 'odular, prefabricated roof units are available.14#ur$ed "anel RoofThe curved panel roof is similar to the folded plate roof in style and application. It is available in prefabricated modules.15Mi%ed Roof Styles16Mi%ed Roof Styles17Frame Roof #onstruction(everal features of traditional frame roof construction should be considered before designing a roof.The roof framing is designed to support the roof covering materials.#raming must be strong and rigid.)oof framing consists of several distinct structural elements.18RaftersThe rafter is a structural element of the roof that supports the sheathing.Common rafters are perpendicular to the wall plate and e%tend from the ridge.There are several other types of rafters used in typical construction.)afters are often shown on a roof framing plan.19Roof Framing "lan)oof framing plan with structural members identifed.20Rafters)afters are cut to the proper lengths by locating the ridge, seat, plumb, and tail cuts.The slope of the roof and the clear span of the building determine the layout of these cuts.*ou must &now these terms+ rise, run, clear span.21#ommon RafterA common rafter with the cuts labeled.Roof TermsIllustration of roof rise, run, and span.Roof Slope)oof slope is the slant of the roof.(hown on a drawing as a slope ratio diagram or fractional pitch.The slope diagram represents the ratio between the rise and run of the roof.The run is always e%pressed as ,- units.Roof "itches(everal roof pitches .slopes/ used in residential construction.&entilation Gable StyleRoof &entilation MethodsFlashing#lashing is used to repel water from areas of potential lea&age.#lashing should be used where the roof contacts a wall, chimney, roof valley, or at any roof penetration.#lashing may be metal or 01"pound roll roofng.2roper ashing must be installed.28#himney Flashing#lashing around the chimney is composed of shingle ashing and counterashing.29&alley FlashingThe width of valley ashing is dependent upon the roof slope but should not be less than ,-3.Drip 'dge Flashing$rip edge ashing prevents water from entering behind the shingles and protects the fascia or ra&e boards.Gutters and Do(nspouts4utters collect water from the roof and direct it to a downspout.4utters prevent water from running directly of the eaves and splattering the house.They are sloped about ,3 per -15.(everal styles are available in copper, vinyl, aluminum, and galvani6ed steel.Gutter Designs and Si)es33*gee!Style Gutter34