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Romans By Darcy Munro 4R
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Who Where the Romans? The Romans lived in Rome, a city in the
centre of the country of Italy.
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What a Roman Army is made up of. The Roman army was made up of
groups of soldiers called legions. soldiers The Roman army was
divided into legions of about 5,000 men.
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When did the Romans Invade Britain? First invasion - Caesar's
first raid In August 55 B.C. the Roman general, Emperor Julius
Caesar invaded Britain. He took with him two Roman legions. After
winning several battles against the Celtic tribes in south-east
England he returned to FranceRoman legions
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When did the Romans Invade Britain Next? Second invasion -
Caesar's second raid The following summer (in 54 B.C.) Caesar came
to Britain again landing at Walmer near Deal in Kent. This time he
brought with him no fewer than five legions (30,000 foot soldiers)
and 2,000 cavalrymen (horse riders). This time the Romans crossed
the River Thames. After more fighting, the British tribes promised
to pay tribute to Rome and were then left in peace for nearly a
century.legions
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The Last and Final Invasion Third and final invasion Nearly one
hundred years later, in 43 A.D. (43 years after Jesus was born),
Emperor Claudius organised the final and successful Roman invasion
of Britain. General Aulus Plautius led four legions with 25,000
men, plus an equal number of auxiliary soldiers. They crossed the
Channel in three divisions, landing at Richborough, Dover, and
Lympne.
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Where Soldiers Live In barracks, these eight men shared two
rooms. On a march they shared a leather tent and a mule to carry
it.
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Roman Baths, in Bath! Every town had its own bath complex (like
a large swimming pool). There were 170 baths in Rome during the
reign of Augustus and by 300 A.D that number had increased to over
900 baths.
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Other Uses for the Baths. People went to the public baths for
entertainment, healing or just to get clean. Some people went to
the public baths to meet friends and spend their spare time there.
Large bath houses had restaurants games rooms snack bars and even
libraries.
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Hadrians Wall Forty years after the Emperor Claudius conquered
southern Britain in 43 CE, the Roman governor, Gnaeus Julius
Agricola, led a force of 20,000 troops northwards into the country
known by the Romans as Caledonia (Scotland).
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Roman Clothes What clothes did men wear in Roman times? Men
wore a knee-length tunic (chilton), either sleeveless or
short-sleeved. Roman men wore a cloak over their tunic, which was
like a wide shawl that was draped over the shoulder and carefully
wrapped around the body. What clothes did women wear? Women wore a
longer tunic which was often ankle-length. Over this the women wore
a stola which was a full length from neck to ankle, high- waisted
and fastened at the shoulders with clasps.
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Rich Roman Clothes Important Romans dressed in a long robe
called a toga. Rich women wore long tunics made from expensive
cotton or silk. They also wore lots of jewellery and make-up,
strong scent and elaborate hairstyles. They had specially trained
slaves to help them dress. arrange their hair and put make up on
their faces.
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Roman Gods Jupiter Neptune MarsCupid Apollo PlutoSaturn Janus
Uranus King of the Gods. God of the Sea and also earthquakes God of
War God of Love God of the Sun God of the Death God of Time God of
doors Father of Saturn Vulcan The blacksmith of the gods and a god
of the underworld. Mercury Messenger of the Gods
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Roman Goddeses VenusDiana MinervaCeres Vesta Goddess of love
and beauty Goddess of the Moon and of hunting Goddess of Wisdom,
intelligence and learning Goddess of the Earth Goddess of the
hearth and home
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Roman Army Equipment This flexible armour was made up of metal
strips held together with metal ties. They were so heavy that
soldiers had to help each other to put them on. The tunic was worn
underneath the armour. This was made of rough wool and reached down
to the middle of the thigh. It was not until later that short
trousers were worn down below! These sandals were designed to help
the Romans march for long distances. They were strong, well
ventilated and allowed the soldiers to march very quickly. The
sandals often had metal studs at the bottom to make them last
longer.
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More Equipment The decorated leather strips gave protection
during a battle. These belts jangled as the army marched to scare
the enemy. The most important soldiers wore the nicest, most
expensive belts. Centurions and other Officers wore crests on the
top of their helmets so that the other men could follow them in
battle. The helmets helped to protect the head, face and neck in a
battle. Each man had a heavy pack with a tool kit, a dish and a
pan. The pack held personal items and 3 day's food rations. They
may have also carried things like a cloak and a leather bottle for
water or wine.
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Weapons This short sword was also called a 'Gladius' and it was
a terrible stabbing weapon. The soldiers could use them easily in
the crush of a battle. These had a sharp point to pierce shields
and armour. Groups of soldiers would throw their javelins through
the air at the same time in order to break the enemies charge.