THE WORKSHOP FOR THE NATIONAL FOCAL POINTS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BRUSSELS PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES New York 17 – 21 May 2004, Role of Agriculture in the Development of LDCs Harmon C. Thomas Chief Commodity Policy and Projections Service Commodities and Trade Division FAO, Rome
THE WORKSHOP FOR THE NATIONAL FOCAL POINTS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BRUSSELS PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES New York 17 – 21 May 2004,. Role of Agriculture in the Development of LDCs. Harmon C. Thomas Chief Commodity Policy and Projections Service - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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THE WORKSHOP FOR THE NATIONAL FOCAL POINTS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BRUSSELS
PROGRAMME OF ACTION FOR THE LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
New York
17 – 21 May 2004,
Role of Agriculture in the Development of LDCs
Harmon C. ThomasChief
Commodity Policy and Projections ServiceCommodities and Trade Division
FAO, Rome
I. Development challenges facing LDCs and
the role of the agricultural sector
II. FAO approach to the implementation of the
BPoA
Outline of the Presentation
I. Development challenges facing LDCs and the role of the agricultural sector
• Challenges:
- reducing poverty; and
- enhancing food security
Extent of poverty: proportion of the poor in total population(Select LDCs)
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Benin
Senegal
Tanzania
Cambodia
Lao PDR
Guinea
Yemen
Nepal
Uganda
Ethiopia
Djibouti
Burkina Faso
Mauritania
Bangladesh
Rwanda
Eritrea
Niger
Mali
Chad
Gambia
Malawi
Mozambique
Madagascar
Zambia
PercentSource: World Bank , World Development Indicators 2003
Extent of food insecurity: percentage of population undernourished, 1998-2000 (available data for 36 LDCs)
Above 70% 30 – 49% 10 -29% DR of Congo Sierra Leone Lesotho Somalia Tanzania Senegal Afghanistan Central Africa R Lao Burundi Ethiopia Burkina Faso Madagascar Togo 50 – 69 % Rwanda Gambia Liberia Sudan Eritrea Cambodia Uganda Mozambique Niger Mali Angola Bangladesh Nepal Haiti Malawi Benin Zambia Yemen Mauritania Chad Guinea Below 10%
Myanmar Source: FAO, SOFI 2002
I. Development challenges and the agricultural sector
• Importance of the agricultural sector in LDCs
• Why is the agricultural potential in LDCs underexploited?
1. Importance of Agriculture in LDCs
- Proportion of population dependent on agricultural activities
- Share of agriculture in GDP
- Share of agriculture in exports
- Agricultural potential
The rural sector: population size, 2001
CountryRural pop. as % of total pop.
Total pop (million)
LDCs Total
Rwanda
74
94
684.3
8.0
Bhutan 93 2.1
Burundi 91 6.4
Nepal 88 24.1
Uganda 85 24.2
Malawi 85 11.6
Ethiopia 84 67.3
Burkina Faso 83 12.3
Cambodia 82 13.5
Eritrea 81 3.9
Laos 80 5.4
. . .
. . .
Share of population dependent on agriculture for livelihood (frequency distribution of LDCs)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
20 - 39% 50 - 69% Above 70%
Agricultural population as percentage of total population
Num
ber
of c
ount
ries
Share of agriculture in GDP (frequency distribution of 42 LDCs)
below 15 4
Share of Agricultural GDP in Total GDP (%)
0
4
8
12
16
20
below 15 15-24 25-39 40 andabove
percent
Nu
mb
er
of
co
un
trie
s
Share of agricultural products in total merchandise exports (frequency distribution of LDCs)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Less than 5 5-25 25-50 Greater than 50
Num
ber o
f cou
ntrie
s
Share of single agricultural commodity in total merchandise exports (frequency distribution of LDCs)
Above 40% 10 – 19% Below 10% Burundi Djibouti Liberia Sao Tome & Principe Tanzania, United Rep. of Niger Ethiopia Afghanistan Haiti Malawi Myanmar Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Sudan Nepal Rwanda Madagascar Bhutan Vanuatu Central African Rep. Eritrea Kiribati Congo, Dem. Rep. of Zambia Lao PDR 20 – 39 % Mauritania Burkina Faso Guinea Chad Senegal Comoros Bangladesh Benin Equatorial Guinea Mali Lesotho Somalia Zambia Togo Cape Verde Gambia Source: FAO (2003)
Conclusions: What needs to be done from a development and food security perspective?
• Reform international agricultural markets – by reducing/eliminating distortions in such markets
• Improve the policy incentives in LDCs for productivity raising investments in agriculture
• Financial and technical assistance– to help LDCs diversify from excessive economic dependence
on one or a few agricultural commodities
I. Development challenges facing LDCs and
the role of the agricultural sector
II. FAO approach to the implementation of the
BPoA
Outline of the Presentation
II. FAO Approach to the implementation of the Brussels PoA
• Mainstreaming those aspects of the PoA within FAO’s mandate into its existing Programme of Work.
• Addressing the specific problems of LDCs on a case-by-case basis through FAO’s technical assistance programme.
• Annual reporting to FAO Council on progress of implementation
II. FAO Approach to the implementation of the Brussels PoA
FAO’s technical assistance to LDCs is focussed on:
– Strengthening supply-side capacity and production
– Responding to emergencies
FAO Contributions to the implementation of Brussels PoA: major areas of assistance
PoA Commitments Major FAO activities
Commitment 1 -FAO Anti-hunger programme
Commitment 3 - Food and nutrition education - Nutritional care and support for people with HIV/AIDS- Agricultural education, training and extension -Support for rural women-Food safety and quality standards- Building institutions that foster farmers’ and rural people’s organisations
Commitment 4 - Special programme for food security- Strengthening agricultural productive capacity: productivity, diversification and quality enhancement- Livestock production and health - Forest and forest management- Fishery industry: utilization, development and marketing
FAO Contributions to the implementation of Brussels PoA: major areas of assistance
PoA Commitments Major FAO activities
Commitment 4 (cont.)
- Assistance on emergencies- Support in policy formulation and agricultural development strategies- Food insecurity and vulnerability information and mapping system
Commitment 5 - Promoting regional economic integration by collaborating with Regional Economic Organisations (REO)- Support to the NEPAD initiative of the African continent- Technical analyses and support on trade negotiations- Assistance on agricultural commodities
Commitment 6 - Support to developing and implementing national forest programmes- Assistance for disaster preparedness and prevention
FAO and mobilization of resources for LDCs
• FAO field programme – In 2003, more than 510 FAO field projects, with a total budget
value of US$ 532 million, were active in 45 of the 49 LDCs.
• FAO assistance to LDCs in mobilising external assistance to agriculture and rural development projects.
– During 2001 – 2003, FAO assisted LDCs by mobilizing external funding commitments for 84 agricultural and rural development projects, amounting to total investments of US$1,428.9 million.
FAO Field Programme Delivery in LDCs by technical sector, 2003