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12
ideologia
germanuli nacizmi is fenomenia, romelmac ara mxolod uamravi adamiani Seiwira da araerT Taobas daumaxinja cxovreba, aramed bevrisaTvis dRemde bolomde auxsneli rCeba. rogor moxda ise, rom nacizmi gaCnda germaniaSi, qveyanaSi, romelmac amdeni SesZina civilizacias da progress da romelic dRevandel evropaSic ki samagaliToa, rogorc ara mxolod Zalian ganviTarebuli, aramed Zalian humanuri qveyana, sadac kars uReben ltolvilebs, sadac praqtikulad ar aris korufcia da sadac saxelmwifo yvelafers akeTebs, rom TiToeul adamians hqondes Rirseulad cxovrebis saSualeba. albaT, SedarebiT ioli asaxsnelia, rogor gaimarjva komunizmma ruseTSi, romelsac realurad arasodes hqonia demokratia da romelic arasodes yofila bolomde evropuli qveyana.
Tornike SaraSeniZe
rogor gaCnda nacizmi germaniaSi
fineTi
sabWoTa
kavSiri
poloneTi
rumineTi
Savi zRva
TurqeTi
i
Te
nZ
re
ba
s
bulgareTi
iugoslavia
ungreTi
Cexoslovakia
germania
litva
latvia
estoneTi
Sv
ed
eT
i
no
rv
eg
ia
dania
holandia
belgia
safrangeTi
Sveicaria avstria
ital
iaespaneTi
po
rt
ug
al
ia
afrika
sardinia
korsika
elba
sicilia
atlantis okeane
xmelTaSua
zRva
adr
iatikis z
Rva
CrdiloeTis
zRva
pirveli naperwkali
yvelaferi, albaT, imiT daiwyo, rom 1806 wels prusia sastikad damarcxda napoleonis saf-rangeTTan omSi. es ar iyo ubralod omis wageba, es iyo erovnuli sircxvili da katastrofa. om-is dawyebidan ramdenime dReSi prusiis ori uzarmazari armia or sxvadasxva brZolaSi erTdro-ulad damarcxda frangebTan, ris Sedegadac sul male (omis dawyebidan or kviraSi!) mowinaaRm-degem prusiis mTeli teritoria daikava. omis ase sastikad wageba ukve Zalian mZimea, magram pru-sielebisaTvis es yvelaferi ormagad mZime aRmoCnda, radgan maT sakuTari jari evropaSi sauke-Tesod miaCndaT da isini arafers uTmobdnen iseT did yuradRebas rogorc jars – qveynis yve-laze saamayo da yvelaze saWiro instituts.
Sedegad katastrofas mohyva ara mxolod didZali teritoriebis dakargva da didZali gada-saxadi, aramed sruli uimedoba da sasowarkveTileba. rogorc aseT dros xSirad xdeba xolme, gamoCndnen patrioti da ganaTlebuli adamianebi, romlebmac gadawyvites eri gamoefxizlebi-naT da misTvis momavlis imedi CaesaxaT. XIX saukunis saqarTveloSi swored amas akeTebdnen ilia WavWavaZe da akaki wereTeli da prusiasac ase gamouCndnen inteleqtualuri liderebi, romle-bic cdilobdnen xalxisaTvis CaegonebinaT, rom odesme prusia aucileblad daaRwevda Tavs frangebis monobas (iseve, rogorc saqarTvelo daaRwevda Tavs ruseTs). prusielebSi aseTebs Soris gansakuTrebiT gamoirCeoda cnobili filosofosi fixte, romelic eris gamofxizlebis mcdelobisas erTob Sors wavida da gamoacxada, rom misi xalxi (ara prusielebi, aramed mTlia-nad germanelebi) yvelaze gamorCeuli iyo da gacilebiT meti SeeZlo, vidre, magaliTad, roma-nul erebs (maT Soris, frangebs) da rom, saerTodac, ̀ namdvili eri~, rogorc aseTi, swored ger-manelebs SeeZloT SeeqmnaT. swored aq gaCnda germanuli nacizmis pirveli naperwkali, gaesva ra xazi germanelebis gansakuTrebul upiratesobas sxvebTan SedarebiT.
ganmavlobaSi safrangeTis teritoriis sakmaod didi nawili ekavaT. ruseTi sastikad daamarc-xes, uzarmazari teritoriebi waarTves da samarcxvino zavzec moawerines xeli. magram am warma-tebebs, saboloo jamSi, aranairi fasi ar hqonda, radgan germanelma samxedroebma am warmatebe-biT isargebles, sruli kontroli daamyares qveynis sagareo politikaze da uamravi ugunuroba Caidines (sagareo politika diplomatebis saqmea da iseve ver itans samxedroebis Carevas, ro-gorc omi ver itans diplomatebisa da politikosebis Carevas). konkretulad, maT ramdenjerme Tqves uari dazavebaze, radgan verafriT warmoedginaT, rom germanias didZal axal terito-riebs ar SemouerTebdnen. bolos ki imdeni ̀ moaxerxes~, rom germaniis winaaRmdeg omSi amerikac ki CarTes, rac sabolood gadamwyveti faqtori aRmoCnda – 1918 wels germania gamoifita da aS-kara gaxda, rom omis gagrZelebis Tavi aRar hqonda maSin, roca mis mowinaaRmdegeebs amerikel-Ta wyalobiT Zalebi ematebodaT. germania iZulebuli gaxda dazaveba eTxova, miuxedavad imisa, rom mis teritoriaze mowinaaRmdegeebs fexic ki ar daudgamT.
dazaveba ki metad mZime gamodga. mokavSireebma germanias daaTmobines floti, mZime Seiara-Reba da qveyana blokadaSi moaqcies, romelic manam ar moxsnes, sanam germaniis parlamentma da-zavebis SeTanxmeba ar daamtkica. manamde ki blokadiT gamowveul SimSilobas milionamde germa-neli emsxverpla, ramac, cxadia, erSi arnaxuli guliswyroma gaaCina. ratom unda daxociliyvnen SimSiliT germanelebi, romelTac omis dros teritoria ar daukargavT da aqeT iTxoves mSvi-doba?! qveyanaSi areuloba da qaosi iyo, bevrgan ajanyebebic ki daiwyo, romelTa ukan komunis-tebi idgnen.
15
pirveli msoflio omis germanuli posterebi
nacizmi germaniaSi
am tragedias isic daemata, rom im perio-disaTvis xelisuflebas saerTod CamoSor-dnen samxedroebi, romelTa sworxazovnebam qveyana saboloo damarcxebamde miiyvana. am-erikis prezidentma uilsonma ganacxada, rom igi ̀ omis gamCaReblebTan~ saqmes ar dai-Werda da Sedegad xelisufleba samoqalaqo-ebma gadaibares (imperatori gadadga da ma-le qveynidanac gaiqca), romelTac omis gaCa-RebasTan saerTo TiTqmis araferi hqondaT, magram, samagierod, umZimes samSvidobo Se-Tanxmebebze xelis moweris gamo risxva swo-red maT daatydaT Tavs. samxedroebmac mSve-nivrad isargebles amiT da omis wageba `Ra-lats~, marqsistebsa da ebraelebs daabra-les. ebraelebze yvelafris gadabralebis tradicia evropaSi didi xnis win damkvidr-da – odesRac maT ase daabrales Savi Wiris gavrceleba da monRolTa Semoseva. hitle-ris siZulvili ebraelTa mimarT (romelic mere TiTqmis mTelma germanelma erma aita-ca) upirvelesad swored am ̀ Ralatis~ miTiT aixsneba.
dazavebaze kidev ufro mZime gamodga sa-boloo samSvidobo xelSekruleba, romelic parizis konferenciaze germanelTa monawi-leobis gareSe miiRes. frangebs omSi imde-nad mZime danakargi hqondaT, rom yvelaferi gaakeTes, raTa germania maqsimalurad dae-sustebinaT da mas aRarasodes wamoeyo Tavi. ingliselebi xvdebodnen, rom frangebs zed-meti mosdiodaT, magram iZulebuli iyvnen sazogadoebrivi azrisaTvis gaewiaT angari-Si, romlisTvisac oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi germania kacobriobis upirveles mtrad iq-ca. Sedegad, germanias teritoriebi waarT-ves, daakisres arnaxuli da absurdulad di-di gadasaxadi (dRevandeli kursiT, TiTqmis naxevari trilioni dolari) da omis dawye-baSi damnaSaved germania gamoacxades. ase damamcireblad evropaSi iqamde arc erT da-marcxebul qveyanas ar mopyrobian. erTi sa-ukuniT adre damarcxebul safrangeTs (ro-melic napoleonis xelSi TiTqmis oci weli aterorebda evropas) praqtikulad yvela-feri apaties da mis ZirZvel teritoriebs ar Seexnen. ra daaSava aseTi germaniam?
ase iSva damcireba da SurisZiebis survi-li.
germaniam safrangeTs daubruna elzasi da lotaringia, belgias ergo eipeni da malmedi, xolo saaris in-dustriuli regioni 15 wliT samar-Tavad gadaeca erTa ligas. daniam mii-Ro CrdiloeT Slesvigi. moxda rainis mxaris demilitarizacia – iq aikrZa-la germaniis samxedro Zalebi Tu sa-fortifikacio nagebobebi. amasTan, Cexoslovakiam germaniisagan miiRo hluCinis olqi. germanuli qalaqi dancigi, erTa ligis gadawyvetilebi-Ta da mfarvelobiT, Tavisufal qala-qad iqca, aseve baltiis zRvaze mdeba-re memeli (dRevandeli klaipeda) litvis kontrols daeqvemdebara. ev-ropis gareT germaniam yvela kolonia dakarga, mTlianad ki – Tavisi evro-puli teritoriis 13 procenti (da-
2axl. 50 aTasi km ) da mosaxleobis er-Ti meaTedi (6.5-dan 7 milionamde ada-miani).