Rock Test Review. What is a mineral and how do we identify them? A mineral is a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystal structure.

Rock Test Review

What is a mineral and how do we identify them?

• A mineral is a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystal structure and chemical composition.

• Minerals are identified using their properties – hardness, luster, color, specific gravity, streak, crystal structure, and cleavage/fracture

What is reclamation? List 3 ways to reduce the impact of mining.

• Reclamation is reclaiming or restoring the land to the way is was or better than it was before it was mined.

• Reclaim, reuse/reduce, and recycle

What is stratification and what types of rocks does it form?

• Stratification is layered deposition of sediments in a body of water

• It forms sedimentary rocks

Describe how igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks form and give examples of each.

• Igneous rock – form from molten rock that has cooled and hardened. Examples – granite, basalt, and obsidan

• Sedimentary rock – forms from weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation of sediments. Examples – sandstone, conglomerate, and coal

• Metamorphic rock – forms from heat, pressure and chemical reactions. Examples – marble, slate, and Quartzite

What is a rock

• Naturally occurring solid formed from one or minerals

How are sediments formed?

• Weathering and breaking down of rock into small fragments or pieces

What process do rocks undergo to become metamorphic rocks?

• They undergo heat and pressure

How do geologists classify metamorphic rocks?

• They are classified as foliated (banded or layered) or nonfoliated (not banded or layered)

Explain the Rock Cycle.

• It is a continues process in which rocks are changing from one type of rock to another

What is deposition?

• The laying down of sediments

List the three types of sedimentary rocks and give examples of each.

• Clastic – sandstone and conglomerate• Organic – coal, and chalk• Chemical - Halite

What is the most abundant intrusive igneous rock

• Granite

Describe three ways humans can use rock and minerals

• Many different answers

What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

• Intrusive – cools slowly deep inside the earth (magma) –large crystals

• Extrusive – cools quickly at or near the surface of the earth (lava) – small crystals

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

• Weathering – breaking down of rock into sediments

• Erosion – movement of sediments from one location to another

What type of rock formation is Stone Mountain?

• Intrusive igneous rock

What is the difference between foliated and nonfoliated?

• Foliated – banded or layered• Nonfoliated – not banded or layered

Where are metamorphic rocks formed?

• They are formed deep within the earth’s crust.

What are the steps of the scientific method?

• State the problem• Research background information• Form a hypothesis• Create an experiment• Perform the experiment/Collect data• Analyze the data• Communicate the results

Igneous

ROCKS

Sedimentary Metamorphic

Intrusive Extrusive Clastic Organic Chemical Foliated Nonfoliated