Rock Cycle
Rock Cycle. Igneous Rocks Formed by magma from the mantle cooling and becoming solid. Cooling may happen on the surface of earth. – Form at volcanoes,
Dec 23, 2015
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Rock Cycle
Igneous Rocks
• Formed by magma from the mantle cooling and becoming solid.
• Cooling may happen on the surface of earth. – Form at volcanoes, plate boundaries, etc…– Extrusive igneous rocks.
• Cooling may happen below the crust.– Intrusive igneous rocks.
Igneous Categories – Crystal Size
• Four types of igneous rocks– Course grained • You can see the crystals without a microscope.
– Fine grained• You can only see the crystals with a microscope
– Glassy• No crystals present
– Porphyritic• Two sizes of crystals present
Coarse Grained Igneous RocksGranite
Porphyritic Igneous RockWelded Tuff
What Type of Igneous Rock???
Coarse Grained
What Type of Igneous Rock???
Fine Grained
Sedimentary Rock
• Made of parts of other rocks that have broken into pieces.
• Sediment = small parts of other rocks• Sediment made by weathering and erosion of
igneous or metamorphic rocks.• Sediment often seen as layers in rocks.– Layers = strata
• The formation of the sediment into one rock is called lithification.
Categories – Method of Formation
• Clastic Sedimentary Rocks– Made from sediments that were transported to a
new location by wind, rain, or animals.– Sediment can range is in size from large to very
fine. – Regardless of size sediments lithified into one
rock.
Categories – Method of Formation
• Chemical Sedimentary Rocks– Formed when water evaporates and leaves behind
a solid– Like when the water in salt water evaporates and
leave behind salt crystals– Lithification happens when the water evaporates.
Metamorphic Rocks
• Made from changing existing rocks into new rocks
• Not like sedimentary…the rocks are not broken into pieces and reformed. They stay in one piece
• Increasing the pressure or temperature or exposing them to a chemical will change the rock into a new type
2 Categories - Texture
• Based on how the crystals align– Foliated (image b)– Non-foliated (image a)
2 Categories - Texture
• Foliated Rocks– You can see distinct lines of different minerals.– They resemble pages in a book.
• Non-Foliated– Sometimes you can see bent lines of different
minerals.– Sometimes it just looks like a mixture of minerals
with no order at all.
The Rock CycleMagma
The Rock CycleMagma
Crystallizes (cools)
The Rock CycleMagma
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
The Rock CycleMagma
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
The Rock CycleMagma
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
The Rock CycleMagma
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
Lithification
The Rock CycleMagma
Sedimentary Rock
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
Lithification
The Rock CycleMagma
Sedimentary Rock
Sediment
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
Lithification
Metamorphosis
The Rock CycleMagma
Sedimentary Rock
Sediment
Metamorphic Rock
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
Lithification
Metamorphosis
The Rock CycleMagma
Sedimentary Rock
Sediment
Metamorphic Rock
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
Lithification
Metamorphosis
Melts
The Rock CycleMagma
Sedimentary Rock
Sediment
Metamorphic Rock
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
Lithification
Metamorphosis
Melts
Metamorphosis
The Rock CycleMagma
Sedimentary Rock
Sediment
Metamorphic Rock
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
Lithification
Metamorphosis
Melts
Melts
The Rock CycleMagma
Sedimentary Rock
Sediment
Metamorphic Rock
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
Lithification
Metamorphosis
Melts
Melts
The Rock CycleMagma
Sedimentary Rock
Sediment
Metamorphic Rock
Igneous Rock
Crystallizes (cools)
Weathering and Erosion
Lithification
Metamorphosis
Melts
Weathering and Erosion
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