Robotics

ROBOTICS

ID - 12MCA 112 NAME - NIRAJ H. PATEL

Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT)

04/12/20232

Introduction What is ROBOTICS? History Architecture Components Advantages Disadvantages Applications Types of Robots Conclusion

CONTENTS

04/12/20233

In the past few decades the use of robots has increased to a great extent.

The various challenges for making really working robots are being overcome and variety of robots ranging from industry to a households are available in the market.

This makes the concept of robotics a very important one. Let’s start with definition of robot , what is robotics etc.

INTRODUCTION

04/12/20234

“Robotics” is the science and technology of Robots, their design, manufacture, and application.

Automatic Device ReprogrammableMultifunctional manipulator To move material, parts, toolsPerforms functions normally ascribed to humans A machine in the form of a human

WHAT IS ROBOTICS ?

04/12/20235

Robot word comes from the Czech word “ROBOTA” which means labours as it was described in a Czech play.

The use of the word Robot was introduced into Karel Capek’s play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots) which opened in Prague in January 1921.

The play was an enormous success and productions soon opened throughout Europe and the US. R.U.R's theme, in part, was the dehumanization of man in a technological civilization

HISTORY

04/12/20236

A robot 'architecture' primarily refers to the software and hardware framework for controlling the robot.

A VME board running C code to turn motors doesn't really constitute an architecture by itself.

The development of code modules and the communication between them begins to define the architecture.

Robotic systems are complex and tend to be difficult to develop. They integrate multiple sensors with effectors, have many

degrees of freedom and must reconcile hard real-time systems with systems which cannot meet real-time deadlines [Jones93].

ROBOT ARCHITECTURE

04/12/20237

A steel plate - which is used in covering of coolers.Gears - from the toys.Small rods – cycle spokes.Motor(2400r.p.m).Motor(300r.p.m).Wires.Switches.Screws.

MATERIALS

04/12/20238

First of all we took a steel plate and cut it into the required shape.

The length of the shafts used for connecting the wheels was

predetermined.

We used clamps on both the sides to support the shaft and to let the shaft mesh with the gears.

And then with the help of gears we connected the motor with the shaft to transmit the motion.

PROCEDURE USED

04/12/20239

This was the easier part of our robot, the main challenge was to perfectly design a mechanism for turning of the front wheels.

We used Ackerman’s mechanism for this purpose.

We used a 300r.p.m motor for transmitting power to the Ackerman’s wheel as with 2400r.p.m motor we were not able to get sufficient torque to rotate the wheels.

And finally with the help of wires we connected the motors with the power supply.

PROCEDURE USED

04/12/202310

04/12/202311

COMPONENTS OF ROBOTS

StructurePower SourceActuationSensingManipulationLocomotion

04/12/202312

• The structure of a robot is usually mostly mechanical and can be called a kinematic chain.

• The chain is formed of links (its bones), • actuators (its muscles), and joints which can allow one or more

degrees of freedom.

STRUCTURE

04/12/202313

• Suitable power supply is needed to run the motors and associated circuitry

• Typical power requirement ranges from 3V to 24V DC• 220V AC supply must be modified to suit the needs of our

machine

• Batteries can also be used to run robots

• Robots are driven by different motors :-o DC Motorso Stepper Motors o Servo Motors

POWER SUPPLY

04/12/202314

Actuators are the "muscles" of a robot, the parts which convert stored energy into movement.

The most popular actuators are electric motors.

ACTUATION

04/12/202315

ADVANTAGES

Revolution in medical science and health care systems.New and Wide scope in Education & Training.A good help in nuclear industry.Used in sports activity.Play the role of an assistance in Research and Development

sciences.Can very well handle household business.

04/12/202316

Are not creative or innovative

Do not think independently

Do not make complicated decisions

Do not learn from mistakes

Do not adapt quickly to changes in their surroundings

DISADVANTAGES

04/12/202317

Industrial AutomationServices for the DisabledVision SystemsPlanetary ExplorationMine Site ClearingLaw EnforcementAnd Many Others…

APPLICATIONS

04/12/202318

Dangerous• Space exploration• chemical spill cleanup• disarming bombs• disaster cleanup

Boring and/or repetitive• Welding car frames• part pick and place• manufacturing parts.

High precision or high speed• Electronics testing• Surgery• precision machining.

TASK

04/12/202319

ROBOT POPULATION

04/12/202320

TYPES OF ROBOTS

Wheeled LeggedFlying Climbing

04/12/202321

04/12/202322

04/12/202323

ASIMO ROBOT (HONDA)

ASIMO robot from Aldebaran Robotics is a small humanoid robot with the ability to see, hear, speak, feel and communicate not only with people but also with other ASIMO robots , ASIMO shows off its soccer abilities at RoboCup 2010 in Singapore. Today over 1500 ASIMO’s are utilized throughout the world as research and educational platforms in 35 countries.

04/12/202324

Our bodies are critical to the representations that we use for internal thought and language

If a robot is looks like a human then it will be natural for humans to interact with it in a human-like way

To develop similar task constraints

CONCLUSION

04/12/202325

ANY QUESTIONS

04/12/202326ROBOTICS