Robot for Micro Array

8/7/2019 Robot for Micro Array

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Robots for Printing

Microarrays

Jianping Zhou

91.548 Robot 2003 Spring



What Microarrays

Microarray are high density arrays of biological molecule

elements printed (attached) on a solid microscope slide

using x-y-z stage robotic systems.

The media carry information through fluorescent intensity,

or ratio of intensities, at a particular location on the array. Originally developed by U. Maskos of E.M. Southern in

1992

Improved in January 1999 by M. Eisen and P. Brown of

Departments of Genetics and Biochemistry and the Howard

Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of

Medicine

More than 200 companies worldwide engaged in the

Development and application of this technology.



GeneChip ®

Probe Array



Why Microarrays

Investigate the patterns and differences of

biologic molecular structure in a single

experiment

Microarray analysis techniques make possible

simultaneously analyze the expression levels

of large numbers of genes and study the

activity of whole genomes, rather than theactivities of single, or a few, genes.



Microarray Featur

eContent

Nucleic acid, Protein, Organic, Cell, Tissue

Elements

Rows denote genes, column denote experiment

condition / profiles, Oligonucletide



Microarray Featur eHigh-density

50 ~ 130 um >25um

< 200 um

1.28cm

~10 7 oligonucleotides / cm 2



Microarray Featur esubstrates

Glass, Nylon, other polymers poly-L-lysine or aminosilane coated glass

dimethyl-sulfoxide



How Microarrays



cDNA-Microarray Process



Signal Intensity Measur e

�Average Difference

±Throw out high and low probes

±Exclude any PM-MM more than 3 SDs from

mean

± Average the differences of PM-MM



Microarray Data Classification

Prediction

ALL or

AML

Gene Value

D26528_at 193

D26561_cds1_at -70

D26561_cds2_at 144

D26579_at 318

D26598_at 1764D26599_at 153

Class no D26528 D63874 «

ALL 2 193 4157

ALL 3 129 11557

ALL 4 44 12125

AML 51 109 3537

AML 53 211 2431

«

Model

Newsample

Microarray chips Images scanned by laser Raw Data

Clinical

Data

Learning

Alg.

Training Data



GeneMachine Omni Grid Arrayer (Stanford University)

Printing Pin

Robot for Microarrays



Robot for Microarrays

(cont.)



Robot System Providers

�Beecher Instruments <http://www.beecherinstruments.com>

�BioRobotics <http://www.BioRobotics.com/>

�Cartesian Technologies <http://www.cartesiantech.com/>

�Engineering Services <http://www.ESIT.com/>

�Genetic Microsystems <http://www.geneticmicro.com>

�Genetix <http://www.genetix.co.uk/>

�Gene Machines <http://www.genemachines.com>

�Genomic Solutions <http://www.genomicsolutions.com/>

�Intelligent Automation Systems <http://www.ias.com>�Packard <http://www.packardinst.



Microarrayer from IAG

(Brook Automation)Microarrayer HT

Reconfigurable head for gridpatterns

Capable of over 20,000spots/slide

Speed:32 features/sec with 32 pinprinthead

48 features/sec with 48 pinprinthead

Large feature tips: 100-150micron feature sizeSmall feature tips: 75-100 micronfeature size

Microarrayer

Four-axis Seiko robotic arm

12-tip print head96- or 384-well microtiter plates

onto as many as 100 silanized

glass microscope slides.

Average spot size of 130 µm

Capability to adjust the spot-to-spot spacing

Spot 19,200 elements (the

contents of 200 microtiter plates)

or more onto a single slide.



BioGrid from BioRobotics

�Density: print up to 83,000

samples per membrane.

�Print heads available for

PCR product and bacterial

clones.

�Compatible with 96 and 384

well microplates

�Friendly software - just fill in

the boxes.

�Track your samples with

automatic bar code reading.

�Requires only 60cm x 60cm

of precious bench space.

Macroarraying onto nylon membrane

�Speed: array 36,000 clones onto each of

four 22cm membranes in just 1 hour.



BioChip Arrayer from

PerkinElmer High precision plus accurate

delivery - 180 µm spots at 250

µm spacing

A precision X-Y-Z stage

4-PiezoTip transfer head

10 µm resolution in XY

coordinates

50 µm resolution in Z coordinate

Six predefined labware positions

for microplates (96/384/1536)

and glass slides



Microarrays Futur e

Microarrays contain live cells that express acDN A of interest

Fluidic microarrays, a system for massively

parallel signature sequencing (MPSS). 107randomly ordered microbeads can be analyzedsimultaneously.

A new scanometric¶ detection system based on

gold-nanoparticle-promoted silver reduction hasbeen reported to be 100 times more sensitive thanfluorescence system



Ref er ence

Eisen MB, Brown PO. DN A arrays for analysis of gene

expression. Methods Enzymol. 1999;303:179-205

Dietmar H Blohm* and Anthony Guiseppi-Elie, New

developments in microarray technology. Current Opinion

in Biotechnology 2001, 12:41-47

Priti Hegde, Rong Qi, Kristie Abernathy, Cheryl Gay,

Sonia Dharap, Renee Gaspard, Julie Earle- Hughes,Erik Snesrud, Norman Lee, and John Quackenbush, A

Concise Guide to cDN A Microarray Analysis,

Biotechniques, 29(3), Sept 2000,548-562

Robot for Micro Array

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