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Roberto Witte Ingls Aula 049 at 060
Ingls CESPE
CHUTANDO NA PROVA
s vezes, no tem jeito: temos que chutar por causa da falta de
tempo de ler o texto ou porque no tenhamos entendido o texto !
According to the text above, judge the following items.
21 Protection granted by industrial property rights is exclusive
to those products in which the aspects of intellectual creation are
explicit.
24 Copyright and Industrial Property are normally considered as
the two constituents of Intellectual Property.
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INPI 2013
Intellectual Property
Industrial property legislation is part of the wider body of law
known as intellectual property. Intellectual property relates to
items of information or knowledge, which can be incorporated in
tangible objects at the same time in an unlimited number of copies
at different locations anywhere in the world.
The property is not in those copies but in the information or
knowledge reflected in them. Intellectual property rights are also
characterized by certain limitations, such as limited duration in
the case of copyright and patents. The importance of protecting
intellectual property was first recognized in the Paris Convention
for the Protection of Industrial Property in 1883 and the Berne
Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works in
1886. Both treaties are administered by the World Intellectual
Property Organization (WIPO). Countries generally have laws to
protect intellectual property for two main reasons. One is to give
statutory expression to the moral and economic rights of creators
in their creations and to the rights of the public in accessing
those creations.
The second is to promote creativity and the dissemination and
application of its results, and to encourage fair trade, which
would contribute to economic and social development. Intellectual
property is usually divided into two branches, namely industrial
property and copyright.
Copyright relates to artistic creations, such as poems, novels,
music,
paintings, and cinematographic works. The expression copyright
refers to the main act which, in respect of literary and artistic
creations, may be made only by the author or with his
authorization.
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The broad application of the term industrial is clearly set out
in the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property
(Article 1 (3)): Industrial property shall be understood in the
broadest sense and shall apply not only to industry and commerce
proper, but likewise to agricultural and extractive industries and
to all manufactured or natural products, for example, wines, grain,
tobacco leaf, fruit, cattle, minerals, mineral waters, beer,
flowers, and flour. Industrial property takes a range of forms.
These include patents to protect inventions; and industrial
designs, which are aesthetic creations determining the appearance
of industrial products.
Industrial property also covers trademarks, service marks,
layout-designs of integrated circuits, commercial names and
designations, as well as geographical indications, and protection
against unfair competition.
In some of these, the aspect of intellectual creation, although
existent,
is less clearly defined. What counts here is that the object of
industrial property typically consists of signs transmitting
information, in particular to consumers, as regards products and
services offered on the market.
Protection is directed against unauthorized use of such signs
likely to mislead consumers, and against misleading practices in
general.
Understanding Industrial Property. World Intellectual
Property
Organization WIPO, p. 3-5. In: Internet: (adapted). According to
the text above, judge the following items. 21 Protection granted by
industrial property rights is exclusive to those
products in which the aspects of intellectual creation are
explicit. 22 Intellectual property is an umbrella term which
defines a group of
laws, including those concerning industrial property. 23 The
term property can be replaced by the word propriety, without
distorting the general meaning of the text. 24 Copyright and
Industrial Property are normally considered as the
two constituents of Intellectual Property.
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25 The international organization WIPO is responsible for
enacting legislation intended to regulate intellectual property in
every country.
26 Intellectual property laws concern themselves with the
property of the copies of artistic or industrial products.
Blind answers 9- (AFRF) THE GOVERNMENT EXPECTS BRAZILS INFLATION
RATE TO BE a) 1.7% b) 2.4% c) 5.5% d) 13% e) 18.75% 10- THE TEXT IS
INTRODUCED BY a) a figure. b) an answer. c) a query. d) an
explanation. e) a forecast. O texto era introduzido por esta
sentena: DO WE KNOW HOW MUCH THE WORLD ECONOMY AFFECTS THE UNITED
STATES AND VICE VERSA? 11- CONCERNING THE BRAZILIAN ECONOMY, THE
YEAR 2001 HAS BEEN... a) disappointing. b) predictable. c)
valuable. d) satisfactory. e) profitable.
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20- ACCORDING TO DR. LEE, WE SHOULD LISTEN TO OUR BODYS ADVISE
TO CUT BACK ON CAFFEINE. IN OTHER WORDS, OUR BODY ADVISES US a) not
to stop drinking it. b) to reduce our caffeine intake. c) to
increase caffeine consumption. d) to regularly consume caffeine. e)
to quit caffeine consumption. 21- IN HIS ANSWER TO QUESTION 1, DR.
LEE WARNS AGAINST DRINKING LOTS OF CAFFEINE SINCE IT a) might cause
a sudden faint. b) can slow the heartbeats. c) may accelerate the
heartbeats. d) will surely increase the heartbeats. e) damages the
heart muscle.
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12- ACCORDING TO THE AUTHOR, GLOBAL CAPITALISM a) was born in
Asia. b) is undergoing changes. c) should exclude certain regions.
d) encourages the monopoly. e) was refused by the USA. O ttulo do
texto referente a essa questo era: CAPITALISM RECONSIDERED 13-
ACCORDING TO THE TEXT, AMERICAS RECOVERY IS STALLING, WHICH MEANS
IT IS a) Exuberant. b) Amazing. c) Miraculous. d) Speedy e)
Delayed. ANAC 2012
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ANCINE 2013
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ANAC 2009 Nature Inc. Return of the groundbreaking series that
puts a price-tag on environmental services. The series kicks off
with Natural Prevention, a reckoning of how an investment in
natural barriers such as marshes and mangroves to tsunamis and
hurricanes can save billions of dollars as well as thousands of
lives. Nature has spent billions of years developing how to do the
most with the least, comments one scientist in the programme. The
last programme in the six part series Now and Forever looks ahead
to Copenhagen and the major climate conference convened to replace
the Kyoto agreement. We feature the scary number crunching of
former World Bank chief economist, Nicholas Stern, who has worked
out that climate change, if its business as usual, could by 2100
cost up to 20% of World GDP. Taking action by contrast, would cost
just 2%, says programme producer, Ken Pugh. Already according to
the assessment of a new UN study set to report in 2010, the
International Year of Biodiversity, we are losing over US$ 4
trillion in so-called ecosystem services every year. Interviewed by
Nature Inc., the UN study leader and a former Deutsche Bank
manager, Pavan Sukhdev, says: These sums are staggering and
represent the real credit crunch. Interviewed at the World
Conservation Union headquarters in Switzerland, IUCN director
general Julia Marton-Lefevre also tells Nature Inc.: We have seen
around the world the credit crunch is very real but for a long time
now there has also been a nature crunch going on and its far
bigger, but the world hasnt realized it yet.
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Nature Inc. also spends a day in Washington DC with UNEP
executive director, Achim Steiner, as he finds support from an
unexpected quarter the American trade unions that have begun to
accept that investments in energy efficiency can help safeguard
jobs.
Achim Steiner, tells Nature Inc.: I believe the green economy is
already happening all over the planet. In all the programmes,
Nature Inc. addresses the conundrum that while everyone accepts
that conservation has an economic value, the unregulated free
market cannot really fix a workable monetary value on ecosystem
services, says series editor Robert Lamb, a veteran of
environmental programming for 25 years.
But what is interesting is that the green calculations of wealth
that 10
years ago would have been dismissed out of hand by most
establishment economists are now widely accepted. The root of the
word economy is ecology, perhaps its all turning full circle? The
triple crunch of climate, credit, and energy insecurity, is forcing
governments to seriously consider the green economy as a way of
making a sustainable recovery.
The recent London G20 Summit emphasized that investment in
environmentally sound technology and business could also create
sustainable jobs. Nature Inc. goes to China, India, USA, Spain,
Bangladesh and Colombia to examine the claim that green investment
equals green jobs.
Acording to the ideas expressed in the text above, judge the
following
items. 1. The first of pioneering collection Nature Inc. comes
out with the sum of money and lives that could be saved through
investments to halt natures destruction. 2. "The last one of the
series Nature Inc. suggests that Kyoto agreement must be replaced
by two other conference agreements. 3. Staggering ecosystem
services epitomize a reduction in the general availability of loans
or credit, due to the four-billion dollar deficit per year. 4.
Investments in which green businesses are somehow involved in
operations aimed at improving the environment may be a way out of
the triple crunch. 5. American energy efficiency investments flaunt
the awareness of a future nature crunch. 6. Ecology may be a
pathbreaking contribution to the alternatives opened up by the need
of a sustainable development.
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7. An ecological approach to economy will transform the whole
system of capitalist production. 8. Nature Inc. may be a system
overhaul to establish monetary value on ecosystem services. 9. Next
century climate change recovery will assuredly mount up ten times
with all of the World GDP. 10. While it is conceivable to place an
accurate monetary amount on ecosystem services, it stimulates
market-based conservation and financial values. Nos itens de 11 a
19, a seguir, so avaliados conhecimentos em lngua inglesa.
USS Constitution is a wooden-hulled, three-masted heavy frigate
of the United States Navy. Named after the Constitution of the
United States of America by President George Washington, she is the
oldest commissioned vessel afloat in the world.
Constitution, launched in 1797, was one of the six original
frigates authorized for construction by the Naval Act of 1794 to be
the Navys capital ships, and so Constitution and her sisters were
larger and more heavily armed than the standard run of frigate.
Built in Boston, Massachusetts, her first duty with the newly
formed United States Navy was to provide protection for American
merchant shipping during the Quasi War with France and to defeat
the Barbary pirates in the First Barbary War.
Her most famous era of naval warfare was the War of 1812 against
Great Britain, when she defeated five British warships. From the
battle with Guerriere, she earned the nickname of Old Ironsides
because cannon balls glanced off her thick hull.
She continued to actively serve the nation as flagship in the
Mediterranean and African squadrons and circled the world in the
1840s.
From 1853 to 1855 she patrolled the coast of Africa searching
for illegal slave traders. During the American Civil War, the
sailing frigate gave way to the progress of shipbuilding. For
several years Old Ironsides was used as a training ship for the
United States Naval Academy.
Considered unfit to sea, the USS Constitution was rescued from
destruction when Oliver Wendell Holmess poem Old Ironsides launched
a preservation movement in 1830. Retired from active service in
1881, she served as a receiving ship until designated a museum ship
in 1907, and in 1931 she made a three year 90-port tour of the
nation.
The frigate was completely overhauled for its bicentennial in
1997 and it sailed under its own power, drawing international
attention. Now the oldest U.S. warship still in commission,
Constitution remains a powerful reminder of the nations earliest
steps into dominance of the sea.
The Naval Historical Center Detachment of Boston is responsible
for planning and performing her maintenance, repair and
restoration, keeping her as close to her 1812 configuration as
possible. She is berthed at Pier 1 of the former Charlestown Navy
Yard, at one end of Bostons Freedom Trail, and she is open to the
public year round.
Internet: (adapted).
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Based on the text above, judge the following items. 11
Throughout the last 200 years as Constitutions purpose and function
changed
from fighting warship, to training vessel, to receiving ship, to
dock side exhibit. 12 USS Constitution was the first ship of line
built in the United States to defend
the young American nation. 13 After minor repair USS
Constitution celebrated its 200th birthday in 1997 making
passage under her own sail in Massachusetts Bay. 14 USS
Constitution returned in 1931 after a three-year world
circumnavigation
scheduled journey. 15 Because of an inspirational poem, the USS
Constitution was reported
unseaworthy and condemned to be broken up, but the museum helped
to raise funds for her overhauling.
16 In 1934, Old Ironsides returns to her place of honor in
Boston harbor after a national cruise to ninety American different
cities.
17 In the text, glanced can be replaced by bounced without any
change in meaning.
18 actively serve means assist at work. 19was used can be
substituted by served, maintaining the same tense.