Robert Houze Robert Houze University of Washington University of Washington (with contributions from B. Smull (with contributions from B. Smull ) ) Winter MONEX Winter MONEX Summer MONEX Summer MONEX Presented at: International Conference on MONEX and its Legacy, 3-7 Feb 2005, New Delhi
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Robert Houze University of Washington (with contributions from B. Smull) Winter MONEX Summer MONEX Presented at: International Conference on MONEX and.
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Robert HouzeRobert HouzeUniversity of WashingtonUniversity of Washington
(with contributions from B. Smull(with contributions from B. Smull))
Winter MONEXWinter MONEX Summer MONEXSummer MONEX
Presented at: International Conference on MONEX and its Legacy, 3-7 Feb 2005, New Delhi
Johnson & Houze 1987
Houze et al. 1981
WINTER MONEXWINTER MONEXDiurnal variation of high cloudiness near BorneoDiurnal variation of high cloudiness near Borneo
08 LST08 LST 20 LST20 LST
14 LST14 LST 02 LST02 LST
S. CHINA SEA
December1978
Bintulu
BORNEO
Houze et al. 1981
Radar Obs. of WINTER MONEX Borneo cloud systemRadar Obs. of WINTER MONEX Borneo cloud system
Stratiform Precipitation
Bintulu
Mapes et al. 2003
Pacific
Pacific
South America
South America
Andes
Andes
Diurnal gravity wave generation of mesoscale convection over coastal South America
Johnson & Houze 1987
300 mb wind & sfc pressure850 mb wind
Percent High Cloudiness in the Summer MonsoonPercent High Cloudiness in the Summer Monsoon
May-September 19991999
< 235 K < 210 K
Zuidema 2002
Diurnal cycle, mean percent high cloudiness, 1999
Cloud Top < 210 K
Zuidema 2002
Zuidema 2002
r < 85 km
r = 140-210 km
r = 85-140 km
r > 210 km
Location of cloud systems by horizontal dimension May-September 1999
CloudTop
< 210 K
equator
NOAA ShipRonald H. Brown
Webster et al. 2002
Zuidema 2002
JASMINE Mesoscale Convective SystemsJASMINE Mesoscale Convective SystemsDefined & tracked by 218 K infrared thresholdDefined & tracked by 218 K infrared threshold
Oceanic convection in both winter and summer monsoons occur in deep, broad mesoscale convective systems, often diurnally forced
Ground and airborne radars showed that precipitation in the mature mesoscale convective systems was predominantly stratiform
Microphysical data collected by aircraft confirmed the highly stratiform character of the precipitation, with evidence of ice particle growth by vapor deposition & aggregation
JASMINE 1999 shows the deepest, broadest, & longest lasting mesoscale systems are diurnal & propagate southward, possibly as waves, with discrete jumps in the progression of the cloud systems
TRMM satellite radar data (since 1997) confirm the stratiform character of the precipitation over the ocean—in contrast to that over the land
Diurnal cycle, mean percent high cloudiness, 1999
<235 K <210 K
Zuidema 2002
Churchill & Houze 1984
Stratiform precipitation shown by the Bintulu RadarStratiform precipitation shown by the Bintulu Radar
Houze et al. 1981
WINTER MONEXWINTER MONEXTime series of high cloudiness seen by satelliteTime series of high cloudiness seen by satellite